Variable threshold integrated protection device

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of fuses, and discloses a variable threshold integrated protection device, which comprises a shell, a cavity and an arc extinguishing chamber arranged in the shell, and a busbar arranged in the shell and located between the cavity and the arc extinguishing chamber; an exploder arranged in the cavity; a piston arranged in the cavity and located between the exploder and the busbar, the piston moving towards the busbar under the driving action of the exploder and breaking the busbar; a shunt arranged in the shell and connected with the busbar in series, the shunt being used for detecting a current signal passing through the busbar; and a controller arranged in the shell and connected with the shunt, the controller being used for monitoring the current signal and outputting a trigger signal to control the exploder to be electrified and exploded when the current signal is abnormal. The shunt and the controller are integrated in the shell, the active monitoring of the fault current and the active triggering of the cut-off current can be realized, and the circuit can be reliably and effectively protected.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fuse technology, and more particularly to a variable threshold integrated protection device. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of industries such as new energy, energy storage, and photovoltaics, higher requirements have been placed on circuit protection, and smart fuses are gradually replacing traditional fuses. However, the current mainstream approach still uses a Battery Management System (BMS) or circuit control system to monitor the current. When a fault current occurs, the signal is transmitted to the smart fuse, causing it to trip and cut off the fault current. This results in the BMS or circuit control system taking on more functions, leading to a more complex design, larger size, and a greater risk of errors during operation.

[0003] Therefore, it is necessary to study a protection device that integrates functions such as active monitoring of fault current and active triggering of detonation.

[0004] The above information is provided as background information only to aid in understanding this disclosure and does not constitute an assertion or admission that any of the above content can be used as prior art relative to this disclosure. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a variable threshold integrated protection device to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0007] A variable threshold integrated protection device, the device comprising:

[0008] The housing has a cavity and an arc-extinguishing chamber inside, and the cavity is connected to the arc-extinguishing chamber;

[0009] A busbar, which passes through the housing and is located between the cavity and the arc-extinguishing chamber;

[0010] Detonator, the detonator being located within the cavity;

[0011] A piston is located within the cavity and between the detonator and the main bar. Under the driving action of the detonator, the piston moves toward the main bar and breaks through it.

[0012] A shunt is disposed inside the housing and connected in series with the busbar for detecting the current signal passing through the busbar;

[0013] The controller, which is located inside the housing and connected to the shunt, is used to monitor the current signal and output a trigger signal when the current signal is abnormal, so as to control the detonator to be energized and detonated.

[0014] Furthermore, in the variable threshold integrated protection device, the controller includes a gain matching circuit, a current output circuit, and a constant current output circuit;

[0015] The input terminal of the gain matching circuit is connected in parallel across the two ends of the shunt to amplify and output the signal;

[0016] The input terminal of the current output circuit is connected to the output terminal of the gain matching circuit, and the output terminal is connected to the positive terminal of the detonator. It is used to compare the received amplified signal with the reference voltage and control the on / off state of the positive terminal of the detonator according to the comparison result.

[0017] The input terminal of the constant current output circuit is connected to the input terminal of the current output circuit, and the output terminal is connected to the negative terminal of the detonator. It is used to receive feedback voltage and compare the feedback voltage with the reference voltage to control the output current to be constant.

[0018] Furthermore, in the variable threshold integrated protection device, the gain matching circuit includes a filter, a first resistor, a second resistor, and a first operational amplifier;

[0019] One end of the filter is connected to one end of the shunt, and the other end of the filter is connected to the non-inverting input of the first operational amplifier; one end of the first resistor is connected to the other end of the shunt, and the other end of the first resistor is connected to the inverting input of the first operational amplifier; one end of the second resistor is connected to the inverting input of the first operational amplifier, and the other end of the second resistor is connected to the output of the first operational amplifier.

[0020] The current output circuit includes a second operational amplifier and a reference voltage source;

[0021] The inverting input of the second operational amplifier is connected to the output of the first operational amplifier, the non-inverting input of the second operational amplifier is connected to the reference voltage source, and the output of the second operational amplifier is connected to the positive terminal of the detonator.

[0022] The constant current output circuit includes a third operational amplifier, a third resistor, and a fourth resistor;

[0023] One end of the third resistor is grounded, and the other end of the third resistor is connected to the negative terminal of the detonator; one end of the fourth resistor is connected between the third resistor and the negative terminal of the detonator, and the other end of the fourth resistor is connected to the inverting input terminal of the third operational amplifier; the non-inverting input terminal of the third operational amplifier is connected to the reference voltage source, and the output terminal of the third operational amplifier is connected to the negative terminal of the detonator.

[0024] Furthermore, in the variable threshold integrated protection device, the housing includes a base and a bottom arranged vertically;

[0025] The cavity is formed within the base;

[0026] The arc-extinguishing chamber is located inside the base.

[0027] Furthermore, in the variable threshold integrated protection device, the busbar is provided with a breakable groove;

[0028] The breakable groove is located directly below the piston.

[0029] Furthermore, the variable threshold integrated protection device also includes a sealing ring:

[0030] The sealing ring is fitted onto the piston and is interference-fitted with the housing.

[0031] Furthermore, the variable threshold integrated protection device further includes an arc-extinguishing medium;

[0032] The arc-extinguishing medium is located within the arc-extinguishing chamber.

[0033] Furthermore, in the variable threshold integrated protection device, there are two arc-extinguishing media;

[0034] The two arc-extinguishing media are spaced apart.

[0035] Furthermore, the variable threshold integrated protection device also includes a base plate;

[0036] The base plate is located at the bottom of the housing.

[0037] Furthermore, in the variable threshold integrated protection device, the base plate is connected to the housing by screws.

[0038] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0039] The present invention provides a variable threshold integrated protection device, which integrates a shunt and a controller in a housing. The shunt connected in series with the busbar can detect the current signal passing through the busbar, and the controller can trigger the detonator to detonate when the current signal is abnormal and reaches the trigger threshold, thereby cutting off the current. This enables active monitoring of fault current and active triggering of current cut-off, providing reliable and effective protection for the circuit.

[0040] The present invention has other features and advantages, which will be apparent from or will be set forth in detail in the accompanying drawings and the following detailed description, which together serve to explain the particular principles of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0041] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0042] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structural assembly of a variable threshold integrated protection device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the structure of a variable threshold integrated protection device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 3 This is a structural cross-sectional schematic diagram of a variable threshold integrated protection device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit principle of the controller provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0046] Figure label:

[0047] 1. Housing; 2. Busbar; 3. Detonator; 4. Piston; 5. Diverter; 6. Controller; 7. Fragile groove; 8. Sealing ring; 9. Arc extinguishing medium; 10. Base plate.

[0048] Base 11, base 12, cavity 13, arc extinguishing chamber 14;

[0049] Gain matching circuit 61, current output circuit 62, constant current output circuit 63. Detailed Implementation

[0050] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will understand that with technological development and the emergence of new scenarios, the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of this application are also applicable to similar technical problems.

[0051] In the description of this application, it should be understood that, unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains. Furthermore, any terminology used is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of this application.

[0052] Furthermore, to better illustrate this application, numerous specific details are provided in the following detailed embodiments. Those skilled in the art should understand that this application can be implemented without certain specific details. In some instances, methods, means, components, and circuits well-known to those skilled in the art have not been described in detail in order to highlight the main points of this application.

[0053] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0054] Example 1

[0055] In view of the aforementioned deficiencies in existing smart fuses, the applicant, based on years of extensive practical experience and professional knowledge in the design and manufacture of such products, and in conjunction with theoretical application, actively researched and innovated to create a technology that could overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies, making smart fuses more practical. Through continuous research, design, and repeated prototype production and improvements, this invention, possessing genuine practical value, was finally created.

[0056] Please refer to Figure 1-3 This invention provides a variable threshold integrated protection device, characterized in that the device comprises:

[0057] The housing 1 has a cavity 13 and an arc-extinguishing chamber 14 inside it, and the cavity 13 is connected to the arc-extinguishing chamber 14;

[0058] Busbar 2, which passes through the housing 1 and is located between the cavity 13 and the arc-extinguishing chamber 14;

[0059] Detonator 3, which is located within the cavity 13;

[0060] Piston 4 is located in the cavity 13 and between the detonator 3 and the mother bar 2. Under the driving action of the detonator 3, the piston 4 moves toward the mother bar 2 and breaks through the mother bar 2.

[0061] Shunt 5, the shunt 5 is disposed inside the housing 1 and connected in series with the busbar 2, and is used to detect the current signal passing through the busbar 2;

[0062] The controller 6 is disposed inside the housing 1 and connected to the shunt 5. It is used to monitor the current signal and output a trigger signal when the current signal is abnormal, so as to control the detonator 3 to be energized and detonated.

[0063] It should be noted that this embodiment adds a shunt 5 and a controller 6 to the existing smart fuse. This allows the shunt 5 and controller 6 to perform the tasks previously handled by the BMS or circuit control system, namely monitoring fault current and triggering current cutoff. Specifically, the shunt 5, connected in series with the busbar 2, detects the current signal passing through the busbar 2, and the controller 6 triggers the detonator 3 to detonate when the current signal is abnormal, thus cutting off the current. Since the shunt 5 and controller 6 are located within the housing 1, i.e., integrated into the smart fuse, the monitoring of fault current and triggering current cutoff is changed from passive to active. This not only results in a faster response and more reliable and effective protection of the circuit, but also eliminates the risk of errors similar to those encountered by the BMS or circuit control system during operation.

[0064] Understandably, when the detonator 3 receives the trigger signal and detonates, it instantly generates high-pressure gas, which pushes the piston 4. Driven by the high-pressure gas, the piston 4 breaks the busbar 2, pushing the broken busbar 2 into the arc-extinguishing chamber 14, thus connecting the passage 13 and the arc-extinguishing chamber 14. At the instant the busbar 2 is broken, due to the high voltage, a large number of electric arcs are generated at the break point. These arcs are blown into the arc-extinguishing chamber 14 by the high-pressure gas.

[0065] Please refer to Figure 4 In this embodiment, the controller 6 includes a gain matching circuit 61, a current output circuit 62, and a constant current output circuit 63;

[0066] The input terminal of the gain matching circuit 61 is connected in parallel to the two ends of the shunt 5 to amplify and output the signal;

[0067] The input terminal of the current output circuit 62 is connected to the output terminal of the gain matching circuit 61, and the output terminal of the current output circuit 62 is connected to the positive terminal of the detonator 3. It is used to compare the received amplified signal with the reference voltage and control the positive terminal of the detonator 3 to be turned on or off according to the comparison result (specifically, the positive terminal of the detonator 3 is turned on when the received amplified signal is greater than the reference voltage).

[0068] The input terminal of the constant current output circuit 63 is connected to the input terminal of the current output circuit 62, and the output terminal of the constant current output circuit 63 is connected to the negative terminal of the detonator 3. It is used to receive feedback voltage and compare the feedback voltage with the reference voltage to control the output current to be constant.

[0069] Please refer to this again. Figure 4 In this embodiment, the gain matching circuit 61 includes a filter Z, a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, and a first operational amplifier OP1;

[0070] One end of the filter Z is connected to one end of the shunt 5, and the other end of the filter Z is connected to the non-inverting input of the first operational amplifier OP1; one end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the other end of the shunt 5, and the other end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the inverting input of the first operational amplifier OP1; one end of the second resistor R2 is connected to the inverting input of the first operational amplifier OP1, and the other end of the second resistor R2 is connected to the output of the first operational amplifier OP1.

[0071] The current output circuit 62 includes a second operational amplifier OP2 and a reference voltage source REF;

[0072] The inverting input of the second operational amplifier OP2 is connected to the output of the first operational amplifier OP1, the non-inverting input of the second operational amplifier OP2 is connected to the reference voltage source REF, and the output of the second operational amplifier OP2 is connected to the positive terminal of the detonator 3.

[0073] The constant current output circuit 63 includes a third operational amplifier OP3, a third resistor R3, and a fourth resistor R4;

[0074] One end of the third resistor R3 is grounded, and the other end of the third resistor R3 is connected to the negative terminal of the detonator 3; one end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected between the third resistor R3 and the negative terminal of the detonator 3, and the other end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected to the inverting input terminal of the third operational amplifier OP3; the non-inverting input terminal of the third operational amplifier OP3 is connected to the reference voltage source REF, and the output terminal of the third operational amplifier OP3 is connected to the negative terminal of the detonator 3.

[0075] It should be noted that the gain matching circuit 61 consists of filter Z, first resistor R1, second resistor R2 and first operational amplifier OP1. According to the gain formula of operational amplifier circuit, the ideal gain can be obtained by setting the values ​​of the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2, so that the required threshold can be set according to different usage scenarios.

[0076] Please refer to this again. Figure 2-3 In this embodiment, the housing 1 includes a base 11 and a base 12 disposed vertically.

[0077] The cavity 13 is formed within the base 11;

[0078] The arc-extinguishing chamber 14 is located inside the base 12.

[0079] The busbar 2 is provided with a breakable groove 7;

[0080] The breakable groove 7 is located directly below the piston 4.

[0081] It should be noted that the middle part of the busbar 2, that is, the part located inside the housing 1, is designed with two breakable grooves 7. When the piston 4 acts on the middle of the busbar 2, the breakable grooves 7 can easily cut off the busbar 2.

[0082] Please refer to this again. Figure 2-3 In this embodiment, the device further includes a sealing ring 8:

[0083] The sealing ring 8 is fitted onto the piston 4 and is interference-fitted with the housing 1.

[0084] It should be noted that before the detonator 3 is detonated, the piston 4 can be fixed in the housing 1 by the clamping force generated by the interference fit between the sealing ring 8 and the housing 1. However, after the detonator 3 is detonated, the impact force of the high-pressure gas generated by the detonator 3 is much greater than the clamping force, so the piston 4 will be pushed by the high-pressure gas.

[0085] Please refer to this again. Figure 2-3 In this embodiment, the device further includes an arc-extinguishing medium 9;

[0086] The arc-extinguishing medium 9 is located inside the arc-extinguishing chamber 14.

[0087] It should be noted that the arc-extinguishing medium 9 can divide the electric arc blown into the arc-extinguishing chamber 14 from a long arc into several short arcs, thereby cooling the electric arc and simultaneously deionizing it.

[0088] Preferably, there are two arc-extinguishing media 9, which are arranged at intervals.

[0089] It should be noted that the arc-extinguishing medium 9 can be semi-filled arc-extinguishing sand or solidified arc-extinguishing block. Specifically, the semi-filled arc-extinguishing sand or solidified arc-extinguishing block can be quartz sand, which can prevent the generation of electric arcs and avoid fire.

[0090] Please refer to this again. Figure 2-3 In this embodiment, the device further includes a base plate 10;

[0091] The base plate 10 is located at the bottom of the housing 1.

[0092] It should be noted that the arc-extinguishing medium 9 is installed into the arc-extinguishing chamber 14 through the base plate 10, and the base plate 10 is fastened to the housing 1 by screws.

[0093] Although this application frequently uses terms such as housing, busbar, detonator, piston, diverter, controller, and fragile groove, the possibility of using other terms is not excluded. These terms are used merely for the convenience of describing and explaining the essence of the invention; interpreting them as any additional limitation would be contrary to the spirit of the invention.

[0094] The present invention provides a variable threshold integrated protection device, which integrates a shunt and a controller in a housing. The shunt connected in series with the busbar can detect the current signal passing through the busbar, and the controller can trigger the detonator to detonate when the current signal is abnormal and reaches the trigger threshold, thereby cutting off the current. This enables active monitoring of fault current and active triggering of current cut-off, providing reliable and effective protection for the circuit.

[0095] In summary, after reading this detailed disclosure, those skilled in the art will understand that the foregoing detailed disclosure is presented by way of example only and is not restrictive. Although not explicitly stated herein, those skilled in the art will understand that this application is intended to encompass various reasonable changes, improvements, and modifications to the embodiments. These changes, improvements, and modifications are intended to be made by this application and are within the spirit and scope of the exemplary embodiments of this application.

[0096] Furthermore, certain terms used in this application have been used to describe embodiments of this application. For example, "an embodiment," "an embodiment," and / or "some embodiments" mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. Therefore, it is to be emphasized and understood that two or more references to "an embodiment" or "an embodiment" or "an alternative embodiment" in various parts of this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Moreover, specific features, structures, or characteristics may be appropriately combined in one or more embodiments of this application.

[0097] It should be understood that in the foregoing description of the embodiments of this application, various features are combined in a single embodiment, drawing, or description for the purpose of simplifying the understanding of a feature. However, this does not mean that the combination of these features is necessary, and those skilled in the art may extract some features as separate embodiments when reading this application. That is, the embodiments in this application can also be understood as an integration of multiple sub-embodiments. It is also valid when the content of each sub-embodiment contains fewer than all the features of a single foregoing disclosed embodiment.

[0098] Finally, it should be understood that the embodiments disclosed herein are illustrative of the principles of the embodiments of this application. Other modified embodiments are also within the scope of this application. Therefore, the embodiments disclosed herein are merely examples and not limitations. Those skilled in the art can adopt alternative configurations to implement the applications in this application based on the embodiments in this application. Therefore, the embodiments of this application are not limited to the embodiments precisely described in the application.

Claims

1. A variable threshold integrated protection device, characterized in that, The device includes: The housing (1) has a cavity (13) and an arc-extinguishing chamber (14) inside it, and the cavity (13) is connected to the arc-extinguishing chamber (14); Busbar (2), the busbar (2) passes through the housing (1) and is located between the cavity (13) and the arc extinguishing chamber (14); Detonator (3), the detonator (3) is located inside the cavity (13); Piston (4), the piston (4) is located in the cavity (13) and between the detonator (3) and the mother bar (2). The piston (4) moves toward the mother bar (2) and breaks the mother bar (2) under the driving action of the detonator (3). The shunt (5) is disposed inside the housing (1) and connected in series with the busbar (2) for detecting the current signal passing through the busbar (2); The controller (6) is located inside the housing (1) and connected to the shunt (5) for monitoring the current signal and outputting a trigger signal when the current signal is abnormal, so as to control the detonator (3) to be energized and detonated. The controller (6) includes a gain matching circuit (61), a current output circuit (62), and a constant current output circuit (63). The input terminal of the gain matching circuit (61) is connected in parallel to the two ends of the shunt (5) for amplifying and outputting the signal; The input terminal of the current output circuit (62) is connected to the output terminal of the gain matching circuit (61), and the output terminal of the current output circuit (62) is connected to the positive terminal of the detonator (3). It is used to compare the received amplified signal with the reference voltage and control the positive terminal of the detonator (3) to switch on and off according to the comparison result. The input terminal of the constant current output circuit (63) is connected to the input terminal of the current output circuit (62), and the output terminal of the constant current output circuit (63) is connected to the negative terminal of the detonator (3) to receive feedback voltage and compare the feedback voltage with the reference voltage to control the output current to be constant.

2. The variable threshold integrated protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gain matching circuit (61) includes a filter Z, a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, and a first operational amplifier OP1; One end of the filter Z is connected to one end of the shunt (5), and the other end of the filter Z is connected to the non-inverting input of the first operational amplifier OP1; one end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the other end of the shunt (5), and the other end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the inverting input of the first operational amplifier OP1; one end of the second resistor R2 is connected to the inverting input of the first operational amplifier OP1, and the other end of the second resistor R2 is connected to the output of the first operational amplifier OP1. The current output circuit (62) includes a second operational amplifier OP2 and a reference voltage source REF; The inverting input of the second operational amplifier OP2 is connected to the output of the first operational amplifier OP1, the non-inverting input of the second operational amplifier OP2 is connected to the reference voltage source REF, and the output of the second operational amplifier OP2 is connected to the positive terminal of the detonator (3). The constant current output circuit (63) includes a third operational amplifier OP3, a third resistor R3 and a fourth resistor R4; One end of the third resistor R3 is grounded, and the other end of the third resistor R3 is connected to the negative terminal of the detonator (3); one end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected between the third resistor R3 and the negative terminal of the detonator (3), and the other end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected to the inverting input terminal of the third operational amplifier OP3; the non-inverting input terminal of the third operational amplifier OP3 is connected to the reference voltage source REF, and the output terminal of the third operational amplifier OP3 is connected to the negative terminal of the detonator (3).

3. The variable threshold integrated protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The housing (1) includes a base (11) and a base (12) arranged vertically. The cavity (13) is formed within the base (11); The arc-extinguishing chamber (14) is located inside the base (12).

4. The variable threshold integrated protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The busbar (2) is provided with a breakable groove (7); The breakable groove (7) is located directly below the piston (4).

5. The variable threshold integrated protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The device also includes a sealing ring (8): The sealing ring (8) is fitted on the piston (4) and is interference-fitted with the housing (1).

6. The variable threshold integrated protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The device also includes an arc-extinguishing medium (9). The arc-extinguishing medium (9) is located inside the arc-extinguishing chamber (14).

7. The variable threshold integrated protection device according to claim 6, characterized in that, There are two arc-quenching media (9); The two arc-extinguishing media (9) are spaced apart.

8. The variable threshold integrated protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The device also includes a base plate (10). The base plate (10) is located at the bottom of the housing (1).

9. The variable threshold integrated protection device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The base plate (10) is connected to the housing (1) by screws.

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