Centrifugal compressor and supercharger

Abstract

A centrifugal compressor has: a compressor housing (100) including an intake flow path (130); a compressor impeller (9) disposed in the intake flow path (130); an accommodation chamber (AC) formed in the compressor housing (100) at a position upstream of the compressor impeller (9) in the intake flow; a movable member disposed in the accommodation chamber (AC); and an annular passage (420) formed in the compressor housing (100) and communicating with the outside of the compressor housing (100) to circulate a heat medium supplied from the outside of the compressor housing (100), at least a portion of the annular passage being disposed between the accommodation chamber (AC) and a leading edge (LE) of the compressor impeller (9).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to a centrifugal compressor and a booster. This application claims the benefit of priority to Japanese Patent Application No. 2021-115967, filed on July 13, 2021, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Background Technology

[0002] Centrifugal compressors have a compressor housing with an inlet air passage. A compressor impeller is located within the inlet air passage. When the flow rate of air flowing into the compressor impeller decreases, the air compressed by the compressor impeller flows backward in the inlet air passage, producing a phenomenon known as surge.

[0003] Patent Document 1 discloses a centrifugal compressor with a throttling mechanism installed in the compressor housing. The throttling mechanism is positioned upstream of the compressor impeller in the intake airflow. The throttling mechanism includes a movable member. This movable member is configured to move to a protruding position protruding into the intake airflow path and a retracted position retracting from the intake airflow path. By protruding the movable member into the intake airflow path, the throttling mechanism reduces the cross-sectional area of ​​the intake airflow path. When the movable member protrudes into the intake airflow path, the air flowing backwards in the intake airflow path is blocked by the movable member. Because the backward-flowing air in the intake airflow path is blocked, surge is suppressed.

[0004] Existing technical documents

[0005] Patent documents

[0006] Patent Document 1: European Patent Application Publication No. 3530954 Summary of the Invention

[0007] The problem that the invention aims to solve

[0008] The air compressed by the compressor impeller reaches a temperature of around 200°C. This high-temperature air flows against the flow path. When it is blocked by the moving parts, the moving parts become hot, reducing their strength and becoming the main reason why they cannot function properly.

[0009] The purpose of this disclosure is to provide a centrifugal compressor and a booster that enable the moving parts to function properly.

[0010] Solution for solving the problem

[0011] To address the aforementioned issues, a centrifugal compressor according to one embodiment of the present disclosure comprises: a housing including an inlet air passage; a compressor impeller disposed in the inlet air passage; a receiving chamber formed in the housing at a position upstream of the compressor impeller in the inlet air passage; a movable member disposed in the receiving chamber; and an annular passage formed in the housing and communicating with the outside of the housing to allow the flow of a heat medium supplied from the outside of the housing, at least a portion of the annular passage being disposed between the receiving chamber and the leading edge of the compressor impeller.

[0012] The inlet of a loop road can also be located vertically below the outlet of the loop road.

[0013] The outer diameter end of the loop can also be located radially outward from the outer diameter end of the storage chamber.

[0014] The width of the outer diameter end of a ring road can also be narrower than the width of the inner diameter end.

[0015] One aspect of this disclosure includes a booster unit comprising the aforementioned centrifugal compressor.

[0016] Invention Effects

[0017] According to this disclosure, the movable parts can be made to function properly. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the turbocharger according to the first embodiment.

[0019] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 The extracted image of the dashed line portion.

[0020] Figure 3 It is an exploded perspective view of the components that make up the linkage mechanism.

[0021] Figure 4 yes Figure 2 Sectional view along line IV-IV.

[0022] Figure 5 This is the first diagram used to illustrate the operation of a linkage mechanism.

[0023] Figure 6 This is the second diagram used to illustrate the operation of the linkage mechanism.

[0024] Figure 7 This is the third diagram used to illustrate the operation of the linkage mechanism.

[0025] Figure 8 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the heat medium flow path in the first embodiment.

[0026] Figure 9 yes Figure 8 A sectional view along the IX-IX line.

[0027] Figure 10 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the heat medium flow path in the second embodiment.

[0028] Figure 11 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the heat medium flow path in the third embodiment.

[0029] Figure 12 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the discharge path in the third embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0030] Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The dimensions, materials, and other specific values ​​shown in the embodiment are merely examples for ease of understanding and do not limit the present disclosure unless specifically stated otherwise. Furthermore, in this specification and the accompanying drawings, elements with substantially the same function or structure are omitted from repeated description by using the same symbols. Additionally, elements not directly related to the present disclosure are omitted from illustration.

[0031] (First Implementation)

[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the supercharger TC according to the first embodiment. Figure 1 The arrow L shown indicates the left side of the supercharger TC. Figure 1 The arrow R shown indicates the right side of the turbocharger TC. The portion of the turbocharger TC that includes the compressor housing 100 (described later) functions as a centrifugal compressor CC. Hereinafter, the centrifugal compressor CC will be described as a compressor driven by the turbine impeller 8 (described later). However, this is not a limitation; the centrifugal compressor CC may also be driven by an engine (not shown) or an electric motor (not shown). Thus, the centrifugal compressor CC can be installed in a device other than the turbocharger TC, or it can be a standalone unit.

[0033] like Figure 1 As shown, the turbocharger TC includes a turbocharger body 1. The turbocharger body 1 includes a bearing housing 2, a turbine housing 4, a compressor housing (casing) 100, and a linkage mechanism 200. Details of the linkage mechanism 200 will be described later. The turbine housing 4 is connected to the left side of the bearing housing 2 by fastening bolts 3. The compressor housing 100 is connected to the right side of the bearing housing 2 by fastening bolts 5.

[0034] A receiving hole 2a is formed in the bearing housing 2. The receiving hole 2a extends through the bearing housing 2 in the left-right direction of the turbocharger TC. A bearing 6 is disposed in the receiving hole 2a. Figure 1In this example, a fully floating bearing is shown as bearing 6. However, bearing 6 can also be a semi-floating bearing, rolling bearing, or other radial bearing. A portion of shaft 7 is disposed in the receiving hole 2a. Shaft 7 is rotatably supported by bearing 6. A turbine impeller 8 is provided at the left end of shaft 7. Turbine impeller 8 is rotatably housed within turbine housing 4. A compressor impeller 9 is provided at the right end of shaft 7. Compressor impeller 9 is rotatably housed within compressor housing 100. In this disclosure, the rotational axial direction, radial direction, circumferential direction, and rotational direction of shaft 7, turbine impeller 8, and compressor impeller 9 can be simply referred to as rotational axial direction, radial direction, circumferential direction, and rotational direction, respectively.

[0035] An air inlet 10 is formed in the compressor housing 100. The air inlet 10 opens to the right of the booster TC. The air inlet 10 is connected to an air filter (not shown). A diffusion path 11 is formed between the bearing housing 2 and the compressor housing 100. The diffusion path 11 pressurizes the air. The diffusion path 11 is formed in an annular shape from the radial inside to the outer side. The diffusion path 11 communicates with the air inlet 10 via the compressor impeller 9 on the radial inside side.

[0036] Additionally, a compressor vortex flow path 12 is formed in the compressor housing 100. The compressor vortex flow path 12 is located, for example, radially outward from the compressor impeller 9. The compressor vortex flow path 12 communicates with the engine intake (not shown) and the diffuser flow path 11. When the compressor impeller 9 rotates, air is drawn into the compressor housing 100 from the intake port 10. The drawn-in air is pressurized and accelerated as it flows between the blades of the compressor impeller 9. The pressurized and accelerated air is further pressurized in the diffuser flow path 11 and the compressor vortex flow path 12. The pressurized air flows out from the discharge port (not shown) and is guided to the engine intake.

[0037] Thus, the booster TC has a centrifugal compressor CC. The centrifugal compressor CC includes a compressor housing 100, a compressor impeller 9, and a linkage mechanism 200, which will be described later.

[0038] An exhaust port 13 is formed in the turbine housing 4. The exhaust port 13 opens to the left side of the turbocharger TC. The exhaust port 13 is connected to an exhaust gas purification device (not shown). A connecting flow path 14 and a turbine vortex flow path 15 are formed in the turbine housing 4. The turbine vortex flow path 15 is located radially outward from the turbine impeller 8. The connecting flow path 14 is located between the turbine impeller 8 and the turbine vortex flow path 15.

[0039] The turbine vortex flow path 15 is connected to a gas inlet (not shown). Exhaust gas from the engine's exhaust manifold (not shown) is guided to the gas inlet. A connecting flow path 14 connects the turbine vortex flow path 15 and the exhaust port 13. The exhaust gas guided from the gas inlet to the turbine vortex flow path 15 is guided to the exhaust port 13 via the connecting flow path 14 and between the blades of the turbine impeller 8. During this flow, the exhaust gas causes the turbine impeller 8 to rotate.

[0040] The rotational force of the turbine impeller 8 is transmitted to the compressor impeller 9 via the shaft 7. As described above, the air is pressurized by the rotational force of the compressor impeller 9 and guided to the engine intake.

[0041] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 The extracted image is the portion shown by the dashed line. For example... Figure 2 As shown, the compressor housing 100 includes a first housing component 110 and a second housing component 120. The first housing component 110 is located on the side further away from the bearing housing 2 than the second housing component 120. The second housing component 120 is connected to the bearing housing 2. The first housing component 110 is connected to the second housing component 120.

[0042] The first housing component 110 is generally cylindrical. A through hole 111 is formed in the first housing component 110. The first housing component 110 has an end face 112 on the side close to (connected to) the second housing component 120. In addition, the first housing component 110 has an end face 113 on the side away from the second housing component 120. An air inlet 10 is formed on the end face 113. The through hole 111 extends from the end face 112 to the end face 113 along the rotation axis direction. That is, the through hole 111 penetrates the first housing component 110 in the rotation axis direction. The through hole 111 has an air inlet 10 on the end face 113.

[0043] The through hole 111 has a parallel portion 111a and a reduced-diameter portion 111b. The parallel portion 111a is located closer to the end face 113 than the reduced-diameter portion 111b. The inner diameter of the parallel portion 111a is approximately constant in the direction of the rotation axis. The reduced-diameter portion 111b is located closer to the end face 112 than the parallel portion 111a. The reduced-diameter portion 111b is continuous with the parallel portion 111a. The inner diameter of the portion of the reduced-diameter portion 111b that is continuous with the parallel portion 111a is approximately equal to the inner diameter of the parallel portion 111a. The inner diameter of the reduced-diameter portion 111b decreases as it moves further away from the parallel portion 111a. The inner diameter of the reduced-diameter portion 111b decreases as it approaches the end face 112.

[0044] A notch 112a is formed on end face 112. The notch 112a is recessed from end face 112 toward end face 113. The notch 112a is formed on the outer periphery of end face 112. When viewed from the direction of rotation axis, the notch 112a is, for example, generally annular.

[0045] A receiving chamber AC is formed on the end face 112. The receiving chamber AC is formed in the first housing member 110 at a position closer to the air inlet 10 than the leading edge LE of the blades of the compressor impeller 9. The receiving chamber AC is formed by the receiving groove 112b, the bearing hole 112d, and the receiving hole 115, which will be described later.

[0046] A receiving groove 112b is formed on end face 112. The receiving groove 112b is located between the notch 112a and the through hole 111. The receiving groove 112b is recessed from end face 112 toward end face 113. When viewed from the direction of rotation axis, the receiving groove 112b is, for example, generally annular. The receiving groove 112b communicates with the through hole 111 on its radially inner side.

[0047] A bearing hole 112d is formed in the wall surface 112c of the receiving groove 112b, which is parallel to the end face 113. The bearing hole 112d extends from the wall surface 112c toward the end face 113 along the rotation axis. Two bearing holes 112d are provided spaced apart in the rotation direction. The two bearing holes 112d are arranged at positions offset by 180 degrees in the rotation direction.

[0048] A through hole 121 is formed in the second housing component 120. The second housing component 120 has an end face 122 on the side close to (connected to) the first housing component 110. Additionally, the second housing component 120 has an end face 123 on the side away from the first housing component 110. In other words, the second housing component 120 has an end face 123 on the side connected to the bearing housing 2. The through hole 121 extends from the end face 122 to the end face 123 along the rotation axis direction. That is, the through hole 121 penetrates the second housing component 120 in the rotation axis direction.

[0049] The inner diameter of the end near end face 122 in the through hole 121 is approximately equal to the inner diameter of the end near end face 112 in the through hole 111. A protective shroud 121a is formed on the inner wall of the through hole 121. The protective shroud 121a is positioned radially outward relative to the compressor impeller 9. The outer diameter of the compressor impeller 9 is larger the further away from the leading edge LE of the blades of the compressor impeller 9. The inner diameter of the protective shroud 121a is larger the further away from end face 122. In other words, the inner diameter of the protective shroud 121a is larger the closer to end face 123.

[0050] A receiving groove 122a is formed on end face 122. The receiving groove 122a is recessed from end face 122 toward end face 123. The receiving groove 122a is, for example, approximately annular when viewed from the direction of the rotation axis. A first housing member 110 is inserted into the receiving groove 122a. The end face 112 of the first housing member 110 abuts against a wall surface 122b in the receiving groove 122a that is parallel to the end face 123. At this time, a receiving chamber AC is formed between the wall surface 112c of the first housing member 110 and the wall surface 122b of the second housing member 120.

[0051] An intake airflow path 130 is formed by the through hole 111 of the first housing component 110 and the through hole 121 of the second housing component 120. That is, the intake airflow path 130 is formed in the compressor housing 100. The intake airflow path 130 extends from an air filter (not shown) through the air inlet 10 to the diffuser flow path 11. The air filter side (air inlet 10 side) of the intake airflow path 130 is the upstream side of the intake airflow, and the diffuser flow path 11 side of the intake airflow path 130 is the downstream side of the intake airflow.

[0052] The compressor impeller 9 is disposed in the inlet air passage 130. The inlet air passage 130 is, for example, a circle centered on the rotation axis of the compressor impeller 9 in a cross-section perpendicular to the direction of rotation. However, the cross-sectional shape of the inlet air passage 130 is not limited to this, and may also be elliptical for example.

[0053] A seal (not shown) is disposed at the notch 112a of the first housing component 110. The seal suppresses the flow of air passing through the gap between the first housing component 110 and the second housing component 120. However, the structure of the notch 112a and the seal is not essential.

[0054] Figure 3 This is an exploded perspective view of the components constituting the linkage mechanism 200. Figure 3 Only the first housing component 110 of the compressor housing 100 is shown in the diagram. Figure 3 As shown, the linkage mechanism 200 includes a first housing component 110, a first movable component 210, a second movable component 220, a connecting component 230, and a rod 240. Hereinafter, the first movable component 210 and the second movable component 220 will sometimes be collectively referred to as movable components 210 and 220. The linkage mechanism 200 is arranged in the rotational axis direction at the air inlet 10 (upstream side) of the air inlet passage 130, closer to the leading edge LE of the blades of the compressor impeller 9.

[0055] The first movable member 210 is disposed in the storage slot 112b (storage chamber AC). Specifically, the first movable member 210 is disposed in the rotation axis direction on the wall surface 112c of the storage slot 112b and the wall surface 122b of the storage slot 122a (see reference). Figure 2 )between.

[0056] The first movable member 210 has an upstream surface S1, a downstream surface S2, an outer surface S3, and an inner surface S4. The upstream surface S1 is the upstream side surface of the first movable member 210. The downstream surface S2 is the downstream side surface of the first movable member 210. The outer surface S3 is the radially outer side surface of the first movable member 210. The inner surface S4 is the radially inner side surface of the first movable member 210.

[0057] The first movable member 210 has a main body portion B1. The main body portion B1 includes a curved portion 211 and an arm portion 212. The curved portion 211 extends circumferentially. The curved portion 211 is generally semi-circular in shape. The first end face 211a and the second end face 211b in the curved portion 211 extend parallel to the radial and rotation axis directions. However, the first end face 211a and the second end face 211b may also be inclined relative to the radial and rotation axis directions.

[0058] An arm 212 is provided on the first end face 211a of the curved portion 211. The arm 212 extends radially outward from the outer surface S3 of the curved portion 211. In addition, the arm 212 extends in a direction inclined relative to the radial direction (towards the second movable member 220).

[0059] The second movable member 220 is disposed in the storage slot 112b (storage chamber AC). Specifically, the second movable member 220 is disposed in the rotation axis direction on the wall surface 112c of the storage slot 112b and the wall surface 122b of the storage slot 122a (see reference). Figure 2 )between.

[0060] The second movable member 220 has an upstream surface S1, a downstream surface S2, an outer surface S3, and an inner surface S4. The upstream surface S1 is the upstream side surface of the second movable member 220. The downstream surface S2 is the downstream side surface of the second movable member 220. The outer surface S3 is the radially outer side surface of the second movable member 220. The inner surface S4 is the radially inner side surface of the second movable member 220.

[0061] The second movable member 220 has a main body portion B2. The main body portion B2 includes a curved portion 221 and an arm portion 222. The curved portion 221 extends circumferentially. The curved portion 221 is generally semi-circular in shape. The first end face 221a and the second end face 221b in the curved portion 221 extend parallel to the radial and rotation axis directions. However, the first end face 221a and the second end face 221b may also be inclined relative to the radial and rotation axis directions.

[0062] An arm 222 is provided on the first end face 221a of the curved portion 221. The arm 222 extends radially outward from the outer surface S3 of the curved portion 221. In addition, the arm 222 extends in a direction inclined relative to the radial direction (towards the first movable member 210).

[0063] The curved portion 211 is positioned opposite the curved portion 221 across the rotation center (inlet air passage 130) of the compressor impeller 9. The first end face 211a of the curved portion 211 and the second end face 221b of the curved portion 221 are positioned opposite each other in the circumferential direction. The second end face 211b of the curved portion 211 and the first end face 221a of the curved portion 221 are positioned opposite each other in the circumferential direction. As detailed below, the movable parts 210 and 220 are configured such that the curved portions 211 and 221 can move radially.

[0064] The connecting member 230 is connected to the movable members 210 and 220. The connecting member 230 is located closer to the air inlet 10 than the first movable member 210 and the second movable member 220. The connecting member 230 is generally arc-shaped. A first bearing hole 231 is formed at one end of the connecting member 230 in the circumferential direction, and a second bearing hole 232 is formed at the other end. The first bearing hole 231 and the second bearing hole 232 open at the end face 233 of the connecting member 230 near the movable members 210 and 220. The first bearing hole 231 and the second bearing hole 232 extend in the direction of rotation. Here, the first bearing hole 231 and the second bearing hole 232 are formed as non-through holes. However, the first bearing hole 231 and the second bearing hole 232 may also penetrate the connecting member 230 in the direction of rotation.

[0065] A rod connection portion 234 is formed between the first bearing hole 231 and the second bearing hole 232 of the connecting member 230. The rod connection portion 234 is formed on the end face 235 of the connecting member 230 on the side opposite to the movable members 210 and 220. The rod connection portion 234 protrudes from the end face 235 along the direction of rotation. The rod connection portion 234 is, for example, generally cylindrical in shape.

[0066] The rod 240 is generally cylindrical. A flat portion 241 is formed at one end of the rod 240, and a connecting portion 243 is formed at the other end. The flat portion 241 extends in a plane direction generally perpendicular to the direction of the rotation axis. A bearing hole 242 is provided in the flat portion 241. The bearing hole 242 extends in the direction of the rotation axis. The connecting portion 243 has a connecting hole 243a. An actuator 250 (described later) is connected to the connecting hole 243a. Figure 5 The bearing hole 242 may also be an elongated hole, for example, with a length in a direction perpendicular to the rotation axis and the axial direction of the rod 240, which is longer than the axial length of the rod 240.

[0067] A large-diameter portion 244 and two small-diameter portions 245 are formed between the flat portion 241 and the connecting portion 243 of the rod 240. The large-diameter portion 244 is disposed between the two small-diameter portions 245. The small-diameter portion 245 closer to the flat portion 241 connects the large-diameter portion 244 to the flat portion 241. The small-diameter portion 245 closer to the connecting portion 243 connects the large-diameter portion 244 to the connecting portion 243. The outer diameter of the large-diameter portion 244 is larger than the outer diameter of the two small-diameter portions 245.

[0068] A through hole 114 is formed in the first housing component 110. One end 114a of the through hole 114 opens to the outside of the first housing component 110. The through hole 114 extends, for example, along a surface direction perpendicular to the rotation axis direction. The through hole 114 is located radially outward from the air intake passage 130. The planar portion 241 of the rod 240 is inserted into the through hole 114. The large-diameter portion 244 of the rod is guided by the inner wall surface of the through hole 114. Movement of the rod 240 other than in the central axis direction of the through hole 114 is restricted.

[0069] A receiving hole 115 is formed in the first housing component 110. The receiving hole 115 opens into the wall surface 112c of the receiving groove 112b. The receiving hole 115 is recessed from the wall surface 112c toward the air inlet 10. The receiving hole 115 is located further away from the air inlet 10 than the through hole 114 (closer to the second housing component 120). When viewed from the direction of rotation axis, the receiving hole 115 is generally arc-shaped. The receiving hole 115 extends longer than the connecting component 230 in the circumferential direction. The receiving hole 115 is separated from the bearing hole 112d in the circumferential direction.

[0070] A connecting hole 116 is formed in the first housing component 110. The connecting hole 116 connects the insertion hole 114 and the receiving hole 115. The connecting hole 116 is formed in the approximately middle portion of the circumferential direction in the receiving hole 115. The connecting hole 116 is, for example, an elongated hole extending approximately parallel to the extending direction of the insertion hole 114. The width of the connecting hole 116 in the long side direction (extending direction) is greater than the width in the short side direction (the direction perpendicular to the extending direction). The width of the insertion hole 114 in the short side direction is larger than the outer diameter of the rod connection portion 234 of the connecting component 230.

[0071] The connecting member 230 is housed in the receiving hole 115 (receiving chamber AC). Thus, the first movable member 210, the second movable member 220, and the connecting member 230 are arranged within the receiving chamber AC formed in the first housing member 110. The receiving hole 115 is longer in the circumferential direction and larger in the radial direction than the connecting member 230. Therefore, movement of the connecting member 230 within the receiving hole 115 along a plane perpendicular to the rotation axis direction is permitted.

[0072] The rod connecting portion 234 is inserted through the connecting hole 116 into the insertion hole 114. The flat portion 241 of the rod 240 is inserted through the insertion hole 114. The bearing hole 242 of the flat portion 241 is opposite to the connecting hole 116. The rod connecting portion 234 is inserted through the bearing hole 242 and connected to the rod 240. The rod connecting portion 234 is supported by the bearing hole 242.

[0073] Figure 4 yes Figure 2 A cross-sectional view along line IV-IV. (See attached image.) Figure 4 As shown by the dashed line, the first movable member 210 has a connecting shaft portion 213 and a rotating shaft portion 214. The connecting shaft portion 213 and the rotating shaft portion 214 are located on the upstream surface S1 of the first movable member 210 opposite to the wall surface 112c (see reference). Figure 2 The shaft portion 213 and the rotating shaft portion 214 protrude along the direction of rotation. Figure 4 It extends towards the depth side. The rotating shaft portion 214 extends parallel to the connecting shaft portion 213. The connecting shaft portion 213 and the rotating shaft portion 214 are generally cylindrical in shape.

[0074] The outer diameter of the connecting shaft portion 213 is smaller than the inner diameter of the first bearing hole 231 of the connecting member 230. The connecting shaft portion 213 is inserted into the first bearing hole 231. The connecting shaft portion 213 is rotatably supported in the first bearing hole 231. The outer diameter of the rotating shaft portion 214 is smaller than the inner diameter of the bearing hole 112d of the first housing member 110. The rotating shaft portion 214 is inserted into the bearing hole 112d on the upper vertical side (the side closer to the rod 240) of the two bearing holes 112d. The rotating shaft portion 214 is rotatably supported in the bearing hole 112d.

[0075] The second movable member 220 has a connecting shaft portion 223 and a rotating shaft portion 224. The connecting shaft portion 223 and the rotating shaft portion 224 are located on the upstream surface S1 of the second movable member 220 opposite to the wall surface 112c (see reference). Figure 2 The shaft portion 223 and the rotating shaft portion 224 protrude along the direction of rotation. Figure 4 It extends towards the depth side. The rotating shaft portion 224 extends parallel to the connecting shaft portion 223. The connecting shaft portion 223 and the rotating shaft portion 224 are generally cylindrical in shape.

[0076] The outer diameter of the connecting shaft portion 223 is smaller than the inner diameter of the second bearing hole 232 of the connecting member 230. The connecting shaft portion 223 is inserted into the second bearing hole 232. The connecting shaft portion 223 is rotatably supported in the second bearing hole 232. The outer diameter of the rotating shaft portion 224 is smaller than the inner diameter of the bearing hole 112d of the first housing member 110. The rotating shaft portion 224 is inserted into the vertically lower side (the side away from the rod 240) of the two bearing holes 112d. The rotating shaft portion 224 is rotatably supported in the bearing hole 112d.

[0077] A groove 310 recessed toward the downstream surface S2 is formed on the upstream surface S1 of the first movable member 210. Similarly, a groove 320 recessed toward the downstream surface S2 is formed on the upstream surface S1 of the second movable member 220.

[0078] Thus, the linkage mechanism 200 consists of a four-section linkage. The four links (sections) are the first movable part 210, the second movable part 220, the first housing part 110, and the connecting part 230. Because the linkage mechanism 200 consists of a four-section linkage, it becomes a limited interlock, has one degree of freedom, and is easy to control.

[0079] Figure 5 This is the first diagram used to illustrate the operation of the linkage mechanism 200. In the following... Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 The diagram shows a view of the linkage mechanism 200 from the air inlet 10. (See diagram for reference.) Figure 5 As shown, the end of the drive shaft 251 of the actuator 250 is connected to the connecting part 243 of the rod 240.

[0080] exist Figure 5 In the configuration shown, the first movable member 210 and the second movable member 220 abut against each other. At this time, as... Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the radially inner portion of the first movable member 210, i.e., the protrusion 215, protrudes into the air intake passage 130. The radially inner portion of the second movable member 220, i.e., the protrusion 225, protrudes into the air intake passage 130. The positions of the first movable member 210 and the second movable member 220 in this state are referred to as the protruding position (or throttling position).

[0081] like Figure 5 As shown, at the protruding positions, the circumferential ends 215a and 215b of the protrusion 215 abut against the circumferential ends 225a and 225b of the protrusion 225, respectively. An annular hole 260 is formed by the protrusions 215 and 225. The inner diameter of the annular hole 260 is smaller than the inner diameter of the protruding positions of the protrusions 215 and 225 in the air intake passage 130. For example, the inner diameter of the annular hole 260 is smaller than the inner diameter of any position in the air intake passage 130.

[0082] Figure 6 This is the second diagram used to illustrate the operation of the linkage mechanism 200. Figure 7 This is the third figure illustrating the operation of the linkage mechanism 200. The actuator 250 causes the rod 240 to move in a direction intersecting the rotation axis (…). Figure 6 , Figure 7 (Up and down direction) linear motion. Figure 6 and Figure 7 In the middle, rod 240 from Figure 5The indicated position has been moved upwards. (And...) Figure 6 Compared to the configuration, Figure 7 The configuration of the rod 240 relative to Figure 5 The configuration allows for greater movement.

[0083] When the rod 240 moves, the connecting member 230 moves via the rod connection portion 234 to... Figure 6 , Figure 7 The upper part moves. At this time, rotation of the connecting member 230 around the rod connection 234 is permitted. In addition, the inner diameter of the bearing hole 242 of the rod 240 has a slight clearance relative to the outer diameter of the rod connection 234. Therefore, slight movement of the connecting member 230 in the plane direction perpendicular to the rotation axis direction is permitted.

[0084] As described above, the linkage mechanism 200 is a four-section linkage mechanism. The connecting member 230, movable members 210, and 220 exhibit one degree of freedom of movement relative to the first housing member 110. Specifically, the connecting member 230, within the aforementioned permissible range, rotates around... Figure 6 , Figure 7 Rotate slightly counterclockwise in the middle, and move slightly left and right on one side.

[0085] The rotation shaft portion 214 of the first movable member 210 is supported on the first housing member 110. Movement of the rotation shaft portion 214 in the plane direction perpendicular to the rotation axis direction is restricted. The connecting shaft portion 213 is supported on the connecting member 230. Movement of the connecting member 230 is permitted, therefore the connecting shaft portion 213 is configured to move in the plane direction perpendicular to the rotation axis direction. As a result, with the movement of the connecting member 230, the first movable member 210 rotates about the rotation shaft portion 214 along... Figure 6 , Figure 7 Rotate clockwise.

[0086] Similarly, the rotation shaft portion 224 of the second movable member 220 is supported on the first housing member 110. Movement of the rotation shaft portion 224 in the plane direction perpendicular to the rotation axis direction is restricted. The connecting shaft portion 223 is supported on the connecting member 230. Since movement of the connecting member 230 is permitted, the connecting shaft portion 223 is configured to move in the plane direction perpendicular to the rotation axis direction. As a result, as the connecting member 230 moves, the second movable member 220 rotates about the rotation shaft portion 224 along... Figure 6 , Figure 7 Rotate clockwise within.

[0087] Thus, the first movable part 210 and the second movable part 220 are in accordance with Figure 6 , Figure 7The protrusions 215 and 225 move radially outward from their protruding positions, positioning themselves in a retracted position. In the retracted position, for example, the protrusions 215 and 225 are flush with the inner wall surface of the air intake passage 130, or located radially outward from the inner wall surface of the air intake passage 130. During the movement from the retracted position to the protruding position, according to... Figure 7 , Figure 6 , Figure 5 In sequence, the first movable member 210 and the second movable member 220 approach each other and come into contact. In this way, the movable members 210 and 220 switch between a protruding position and a retracted position according to the rotation angle with the rotation axis 214 and 224 as the rotation center.

[0088] The movable parts 210 and 220 are configured to move to a protruding position protruding into the air intake passage 130 and a retracted position not protruding into the air intake passage 130. In this embodiment, the movable parts 210 and 220 move radially. However, they are not limited to this; the movable parts 210 and 220 may also rotate about a rotation axis (circumferential direction). For example, the movable parts 210 and 220 may also be gate blades with two or more blades.

[0089] When the movable parts 210 and 220 are in the retracted position, they do not protrude into the air intake passage 130, thus reducing the pressure loss of the air flowing through the air intake passage 130.

[0090] In addition, such as Figure 2 As shown, the movable parts 210 and 220 are configured in the protruding position such that protrusions 215 and 225 are located within the air intake passage 130. When the movable parts 210 and 220 are in the protruding position, the cross-sectional area of ​​the air intake passage 130 becomes smaller.

[0091] As the flow rate of air flowing into the compressor impeller 9 decreases, the air compressed by the compressor impeller 9 sometimes flows in reverse within the inlet flow path 130. That is, sometimes the air compressed by the compressor impeller 9 flows from the downstream side of the inlet flow path 130 towards the upstream side.

[0092] like Figure 2 As shown, when the movable parts 210 and 220 are in the protruding position, the protrusions 215 and 225 are located radially inward from the outermost diameter end of the leading edge LE of the compressor impeller 9 blades. Therefore, the protrusions 215 and 225 block the backflow of air within the intake air passage 130. Thus, the movable parts 210 and 220 can suppress the backflow of air within the intake air passage 130.

[0093] Furthermore, since the cross-sectional area of ​​the inlet air passage 130 is reduced, the air velocity flowing into the compressor impeller 9 increases, which can suppress surge. That is, by positioning the movable parts 210 and 220 in protruding positions, the centrifugal compressor CC of the first embodiment can expand its operating area towards the low flow rate side.

[0094] Thus, the movable parts 210 and 220 are configured as throttling parts that restrict the flow of air into the intake air passage 130. That is, in this embodiment, the linkage mechanism 200 is configured as a throttling mechanism that restricts the flow of air into the intake air passage 130. The movable parts 210 and 220 are driven by the linkage mechanism 200, which allows the cross-sectional area of ​​the intake air passage 130 to change.

[0095] Centrifugal compressor CC is sometimes installed in vehicles located in cold regions. In the case of centrifugal compressor CC installed in vehicles located in cold regions, there is a possibility that the movable parts 210 and 220 may freeze and fail to function properly when the engine is started.

[0096] Furthermore, movable parts 210 and 220 are sometimes made of resin material for weight reduction. The air compressed by the compressor impeller 9 reaches a high temperature of around 200°C. When such high-temperature air flows backward in the intake airflow path 130 and is blocked by movable parts 210 and 220, the movable parts 210 and 220 become hot, reducing their strength and becoming the main reason why they cannot function properly.

[0097] Therefore, the centrifugal compressor CC of this embodiment has a heat medium flow path 400 in the compressor housing 100. Hereinafter, it will be used... Figure 8 and Figure 9 The flow path 400 for the heat medium is described in detail.

[0098] Figure 8 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the heat medium flow path 400 in the first embodiment. Figure 9 yes Figure 8 A cross-sectional view along line IX-IX. (See example...) Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, the heat medium flow path 400 includes an inlet path 410, an annular path 420, and an outlet path 430.

[0099] The inlet passage 410 has an inlet opening 412. The inlet opening 412 is an external opening of the compressor housing 100 and is connected to a circulation path (not shown). One end of the circulation path is connected to the inlet passage 410, and the other end is connected to the discharge passage 430.

[0100] A heat exchanger (not shown) and a pump are installed in the circulation path. The circulation path circulates the heat medium in the following order: inlet path 410 → annular path 420 → outlet path 430 → circulation path. Furthermore, the pump is ON (activated) when the pressure ratio before and after air compression in the centrifugal compressor CC is above a threshold value, and OFF (disconnected) when the pressure ratio is below the threshold value. Additionally, the pump is ON when the temperature of the linkage mechanism 200 is below a predetermined value, and OFF when the temperature is above the predetermined value.

[0101] A hot medium is introduced from the circulation path to the inlet opening 412. The hot medium may be, for example, engine coolant, water, or oil. The inlet path 410 connects the circulation path and the annular path 420. The inlet path 410 guides the hot medium introduced from the inlet opening 412 to the inlet 422 of the annular path 420.

[0102] like Figure 8 As shown, the annular path 420 is separated from the receiving chamber AC in the direction of rotation. That is, the annular path 420 is not connected to the receiving chamber AC. In the direction of rotation, at least a portion of the annular path 420 is disposed between the leading edge LE and the receiving chamber AC. In addition, the outer diameter end of the annular path 420 is equal to or located radially outward from the outer diameter end of the receiving chamber AC. The outer diameter end of the annular path 420 is located radially outward from the position of the movable parts 210 and 220 housed in the receiving chamber AC.

[0103] like Figure 9 As shown, the loop road 420 has an inlet 422 and an outlet 424. The inlet 422 of the loop road 420 is located vertically below the outlet 424. In other words, the outlet 424 of the loop road 420 is located vertically above the inlet 422. Figure 9 The diagram shows the positional relationship of the inlet path 410, annular path 420, inlet port 422, outlet port 424, and outlet path 430 when the turbocharger TC is in use. Therefore, when the turbocharger TC is in use, the inlet port 422 is located vertically below the outlet port 424.

[0104] The inlet 422 connects the inlet path 410 and the annular path 420. The inlet 422 allows the heat medium that has passed through the inlet path 410 to enter the annular path 420. The inlet 422 is located on the outer diameter side of the annular path 420 and is continuous with the outer peripheral surface of the annular path 420 in the direction of rotation axis.

[0105] An annular path 420 is formed around the intake airflow path 130, extending in an arc shape from the inlet 422 along the circumferential direction to the outlet 424 along the first direction R1. The annular path 420 has a constant width in the radial direction. However, it is not limited to this; the radial width of the annular path 420 may also vary in the circumferential direction. A partition wall 426 is formed between the annular path 420 and the intake airflow path 130, separating the annular path 420 from the intake airflow path 130 in the radial direction.

[0106] The annular path 420 is formed in a C shape, and a partition 428 is formed in the second direction R2, opposite to the first direction R1, between the inlet 422 and the outlet 424. Therefore, the annular path 420 is discontinuous in the second direction R2 between the inlet 422 and the outlet 424.

[0107] The annular path 420 guides the hot medium introduced from the inlet 422 along the first direction R1 to the outlet 424. The outlet 424 connects the annular path 420 and the discharge path 430. The outlet 424 allows the hot medium that has passed through the annular path 420 to enter the discharge path 430. The outlet 424 is located on the outer diameter side of the annular path 420 and is continuous with the outer circumferential surface of the annular path 420 in the direction of rotation axis.

[0108] The discharge path 430 has a discharge opening 432. The discharge opening 432 is an external opening of the compressor housing 100 and connects to a circulation path (not shown). The discharge path 430 connects the annular path 420 and the circulation path. The discharge path 430 guides the hot medium introduced from the discharge port 424 to the discharge opening 432. The discharge opening 432 discharges the hot medium that has passed through the discharge path 430 into the circulation path.

[0109] As described above, the heat medium flow path 400 is connected to a circulation flow path located outside the compressor housing 100. Furthermore, the heat medium flow path 400 allows heat medium supplied from the circulation flow path outside the compressor housing 100 to circulate. Moreover, at least a portion of the annular path 420 is arranged in the rotational axis direction between the leading edge LE and the receiving chamber AC.

[0110] Therefore, even if the centrifugal compressor CC is installed in a vehicle located in a cold region and the movable parts 210 and 220 freeze when the engine is started, the movable parts 210 and 220 can be heated by the heat medium circulating near the housing AC. Thus, the frozen movable parts 210 and 220 can be unfrozen, allowing the movable parts 210 and 220 to operate normally.

[0111] Furthermore, even when hot compressed air flows against the flow in the intake air passage 130 and is blocked by movable parts 210 and 220, the movable parts 210 and 220 can be cooled by the hot medium flowing near the receiving chamber AC. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the movable parts 210 and 220 from becoming too hot and reducing their strength. As a result, the movable parts 210 and 220 can operate normally.

[0112] Typically, fluid moving circumferentially within an annular flow path is propelled by centrifugal force from the inner diameter side towards the outer diameter side. Therefore, spaces where no fluid exists on the inner diameter side are easily created within an annular flow path.

[0113] With the inlet 422 located vertically below the outlet 424, the hot medium flowing from the inlet 422 towards the outlet 424 moves within the annular path 420 in at least the direction opposite to the direction of gravity. As a result, the hot medium easily fills the inner diameter side of the annular path 420, making it difficult to create a space devoid of hot medium on the inner diameter side of the annular path 420. Consequently, the movable parts 210 and 220 located on the inner diameter side of the receiving chamber AC can be effectively heated or cooled.

[0114] Furthermore, the outer diameter end of the ring road 420 is located radially outward from the outer diameter end of the storage chamber AC. This allows for heating or cooling of the entire storage chamber AC, including its outer diameter end.

[0115] (Second Implementation)

[0116] Figure 10 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the heat medium flow path 500 according to the second embodiment. Components substantially the same as those in the centrifugal compressor CC of the first embodiment are labeled with the same reference numerals, and descriptions are omitted. The heat medium flow path 500 of the second embodiment differs from that of the first embodiment in that it includes a first annular path 510, a second annular path 520, a third annular path 530, and a fourth annular path 540. Here, the structure of the first annular path 510 is the same as that of the annular path 420 of the first embodiment, therefore detailed descriptions are omitted.

[0117] like Figure 10 As shown, the first annular path 510 is separated from the storage chamber AC in the direction of rotation. That is, the first annular path 510 is not connected to the storage chamber AC. In the direction of rotation, at least a portion of the first annular path 510 is disposed between the leading edge LE and the storage chamber AC. In addition, the outer diameter end of the first annular path 510 is equal to or located radially outward from the outer diameter end of the storage chamber AC. The outer diameter end of the first annular path 510 is located radially outward from the position of the movable parts 210 and 220 housed in the storage chamber AC.

[0118] The second annular path 520 communicates with the inlet path 410. The second annular path 520 is disposed on the side opposite to the first annular path 510 relative to the inlet path 410. The first annular path 510 and the second annular path 520 are disposed across the inlet path 410. The second annular path 520 is disposed closer to the diffusion flow path 11 than both the first annular path 510 and the inlet path 410. The second annular path 520 is formed separately from the diffusion flow path 11 in the rotational axis direction. The second annular path 520 is disposed opposite to the diffusion flow path 11 in the rotational axis direction.

[0119] The third annular path 530 is not connected to the inlet path 410, the outlet path 430, the first annular path 510, and the second annular path 520. It supplies the heat medium through an inlet path (not shown) different from the inlet path 410. Furthermore, the third annular path 530 discharges the heat medium through an outlet path (not shown) different from the outlet path 430. The third annular path 530 is positioned relative to the first annular path 510 near the diffuser path 11. The third annular path 530 is positioned relative to the second annular path 520 near the receiving chamber AC. The third annular path 530 is positioned between the first annular path 510 and the second annular path 520. The third annular path 530 is positioned closer to the center of the tip of the blades of the compressor impeller 9 than the first annular path 510 and the second annular path 520.

[0120] The fourth annular path 540 is not connected to the inlet path 410, the outlet path 430, the first annular path 510, or the second annular path 520. It supplies heat medium through an inlet path (not shown) different from the inlet path 410. Furthermore, the fourth annular path 540 discharges heat medium through an outlet path (not shown) different from the outlet path 430. The fourth annular path 540 is positioned opposite the first annular path 510 to the receiving chamber AC. The receiving chamber AC is positioned between the first annular path 510 and the fourth annular path 540. In other words, in the direction of rotation, the first annular path 510 and the fourth annular path 540 are positioned on both sides of the receiving chamber AC. Additionally, the second annular path 520, the third annular path 530, and the fourth annular path 540 are respectively connected to… Figure 9 The annular path 420 shown is similarly formed in a C shape around the intake airflow path 130, extending in an arc shape from the inlet along the circumferential direction to the outlet along the first direction R1.

[0121] According to the second embodiment, the heat medium flow path 500 includes a second annular path 520, a third annular path 530, and a fourth annular path 540. The second annular path 520 can cool the compressed air flowing in the diffusion path 11. In addition, it can isolate the heat transferred from the diffusion path 11 to the receiving chamber AC via the compressor housing 100.

[0122] The third annular path 530, together with the first annular path 510, can cool the air flowing counter-currently along the shroud 121a. In addition, the fourth annular path 540 can heat or cool the movable parts 210 and 220 from both sides.

[0123] (Third Implementation)

[0124] Figure 11 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the heat medium flow path 600 of the third embodiment. Components substantially the same as those in the centrifugal compressor CC of the first embodiment are labeled with the same symbols and their descriptions are omitted. The shapes of the inlet path 410, the annular path 420, and the outlet path 430 of the heat medium flow path 600 of the third embodiment differ from those of the first embodiment.

[0125] like Figure 11 As shown, the heat medium flow path 600 includes an inlet path 610, an annular path 620, and a outlet path 630. The inlet path 610 guides the heat medium from the inlet opening 412 toward the inlet port 622 of the annular path 620. The inlet port 622 is located on the inner diameter side of the annular path 620 and is continuous with the inner circumferential surface of the annular path 620 in the direction of rotation axis.

[0126] The annular path 620 is separated from the receiving chamber AC in the direction of rotation. That is, the annular path 620 is not connected to the receiving chamber AC. In the direction of rotation, at least a portion of the annular path 620 is disposed between the leading edge LE and the receiving chamber AC. In addition, the outer diameter end of the annular path 620 is equal to or located radially outward from the outer diameter end of the receiving chamber AC. The outer diameter end of the annular path 620 is located radially outward from the position of the movable parts 210 and 220 housed in the receiving chamber AC.

[0127] The cross-section of the ring-shaped path 620 along the rotation axis is trapezoidal. However, it is not limited to this; the cross-section of the ring-shaped path 620 along the rotation axis may also be triangular or semi-circular. The width of the outer diameter end of the ring-shaped path 620 is narrower than the width of the inner diameter end. In other words, the width of the inner diameter end of the ring-shaped path 620 is wider than the width of the outer diameter end. Furthermore, the ring-shaped path 620 and... Figure 9 Similarly, the annular path 420 shown is formed in a C shape around the intake airflow path 130 and extends in an arc shape from the inlet 622 along the circumferential direction to the outlet 624 along the first direction R1.

[0128] Figure 12 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the discharge path 630 according to the third embodiment. The discharge path 630 guides the hot medium from the discharge port 624 of the annular path 620 toward the discharge opening 432. The discharge port 624 is located on the inner diameter side of the annular path 620 and is continuous with the inner circumferential surface of the annular path 620 in the direction of rotation axis. In addition, the structure of the discharge path 630 is the same as that of the inlet path 610, so detailed description is omitted.

[0129] According to the third embodiment, the inlet 622 and outlet 624 are located on the inner diameter side of the annular path 620 and are continuous with the inner circumferential surface of the annular path 620 in the direction of rotation axis. Furthermore, the width of the outer diameter end of the annular path 620 is narrower than the width of the inner diameter end. Therefore, compared to the outer diameter side of the annular path 620, more heat medium can be supplied to the inner diameter side, ensuring the amount of heat medium required for cooling the inner diameter side of the receiving chamber AC is sufficient even when centrifugal force acts on the heat medium.

[0130] The above description, with reference to the accompanying drawings, outlines one embodiment of the present disclosure. However, the disclosure is not limited to this embodiment. It is evident that those skilled in the art will conceive of various modifications and alterations within the scope of the claims, and these modifications are also within the technical scope of this disclosure.

[0131] For example, the structures of the first, second, and third embodiments described above can also be combined.

[0132] In the first embodiment described above, an example was given where the inlet 422 of the loop 420 is located vertically below the outlet 424. However, this is not a limitation; the inlet 422 may also be located vertically above the outlet 424.

[0133] In the first embodiment described above, an example was given where the outer diameter end of the loop 420 is located radially outward from the outer diameter end of the storage chamber AC. However, this is not a limitation; the outer diameter end of the loop 420 may also be located radially inward from the outer diameter end of the storage chamber AC.

[0134] In the third embodiment described above, an example was given where the width of the outer diameter end of the loop 620 is narrower than the width of the inner diameter end. However, this is not a limitation; the width of the outer diameter end of the loop 620 may also be wider than the width of the inner diameter end.

[0135] Symbol Explanation

[0136] 9—Compressor impeller, 100—Compressor housing, 130—Inlet airflow path, 210—First movable part, 220—Second movable part, 400—Heat medium flow path, 410—Inlet path, 412—Inlet opening, 420—Annular path, 422—Inlet port, 424—Outlet port, 430—Outlet path, 432—Outlet opening, 500—Heat medium flow path, 510—First annular path, 520—Second annular path, 530—Third annular path, 540—Fourth annular path, 600—Heat medium flow path, 610—Inlet path, 620—Annular path, 630—Outlet path, AC—Receiving chamber, CC—Centrifugal compressor, TC—Booster.

Claims

1. A centrifugal compressor, characterized in that, have: The housing includes an air intake passage; A compressor impeller, which is configured in the inlet air passage; A storage chamber, which is formed in the housing at a position upstream of the compressor impeller in the inlet airflow; A throttling component is disposed in the receiving chamber and is movable to a throttling position protruding into the air intake path and a retracted position radially outward from the throttling position; as well as An annular path is formed in the housing and communicates with the outside of the housing to allow the flow of a heat medium supplied from the outside of the housing. At least a portion of the annular path is disposed between the receiving chamber and the leading edge of the compressor impeller in the direction of rotation of the compressor impeller, and the inner diameter end of the annular path is located radially inward than the outer diameter end of the receiving chamber, so as to allow the heat medium to heat or cool the throttling element.

2. The centrifugal compressor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inlet of the loop is located vertically below the outlet of the loop.

3. The centrifugal compressor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer diameter end of the ring road is located radially outward compared to the outer diameter end of the storage chamber.

4. The centrifugal compressor according to claim 2, characterized in that, The outer diameter end of the ring road is located radially outward compared to the outer diameter end of the storage chamber.

5. The centrifugal compressor according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The width of the outer diameter end of the ring road is narrower than the width of the inner diameter end.

6. A booster, characterized in that, A centrifugal compressor comprising any one of claims 1 to 5.

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