Programmable processing device and method for processing blade by numerical control boring and milling machine

Abstract

This invention discloses a programmable machining device and method for machining blades on a CNC boring and milling machine. The device includes a machine tool worktable and a workpiece movably connected to the top of the worktable. A movable support assembly is provided on one side of the top of the worktable, and a right-angled plate is fixedly connected to the other side of the top of the worktable via hexagonal socket head cap screws. A CNC rotary table is fixedly connected to one side of the right-angled plate via hexagonal socket head cap screws. This invention relates to the field of blade machining technology. This programmable machining device and method for machining blades on a CNC boring and milling machine adds a vertical A-axis and five axes (X-axis, Y-axis, Z-axis, B-axis + A-axis) to the worktable of a four-axis CNC boring and milling machine. The fifth axis, A-axis, is a programmable axis. The NC program is generated through simulation, tool parameter analysis, optimization, calculation, and generation using CAM CNC programming software.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of blade machining technology, specifically to a programmable machining device and method for machining blades using a CNC boring and milling machine. Background Technology

[0002] Nuclear power plant guide vanes are critical components within the nuclear island. Their structure consists of flanges at both ends, a front cover plate in the middle section, a rear cover plate, and a complex curved surface composed of 12 blades, as well as a closed guide vane with internal flow channels. Both the guide vane as a whole and the internal flow channel curved surface require machining, with extremely stringent processing requirements. The blade thickness machining tolerance is ±0.5mm. Reducing the blade thickness is not permitted when machining the transition radius between the blade and the cover plate. Individual blades at the inlet and outlet are not allowed to have pits larger than 0.5mm, and the blade surface must not have irregularities or unevenness.

[0003] Currently, in the machining process, ordinary four-axis CNC boring and milling machines are unable to cut and machine the flow channel surface and blade surface of the guide vane. Large five-axis boring and milling centers are required. The procurement cycle of such equipment is very long and the cost is extremely high, requiring a large amount of capital, which makes it difficult to realize the smooth implementation of this project and does not meet the actual processing needs. Therefore, in view of the above shortcomings, the present invention makes the following improvements. Summary of the Invention

[0004] (a) Technical problems to be solved

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a programmable machining device and method for machining blades on a CNC boring and milling machine, thus solving the problems in the background technology.

[0006] (II) Technical Solution

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a programmable machining device for machining blades on a CNC boring and milling machine, comprising a machine tool worktable and a workpiece movably connected to the top of the machine tool worktable. A movable support assembly is provided on one side of the top of the machine tool worktable. A right-angled plate is fixedly connected to the other side of the top of the machine tool worktable via hexagonal socket bolts. A CNC rotary table is fixedly connected to one side of the right-angled plate via hexagonal socket bolts. A lifting ring is fixedly connected to the surface of the CNC rotary table. A chuck is rotatably connected to one side of the CNC rotary table. A drive motor is provided at the bottom of the CNC rotary table. A positioning plate is fixedly connected to one side of the chuck via hexagonal socket bolts. A positioning step is fixedly connected to one side of the positioning plate. A positioning hole adapted to the positioning step is provided on one side of the chuck. A pressure plate is fixedly connected to the other side of the positioning plate via hexagonal socket bolts, and the pressure plate is pressed against the inner wall of the workpiece.

[0008] Preferably, the movable support assembly includes a guide rail base, and the bottom of the guide rail base is fixedly connected to the top of the machine tool worktable.

[0009] Preferably, the top of the guide rail base is provided with a guide rail groove, and a central bracket is fixedly connected to the middle of the guide rail groove by an internal hex bolt. The front and back of the guide rail groove are both fixedly connected to fixed brackets by internal hex bolts.

[0010] Preferably, the central support is rotatably connected to a bidirectional threaded rod at its center, and one end of the bidirectional threaded rod passes through the fixed support and extends to the outside of the fixed support.

[0011] Preferably, both sides of the surface of the bidirectional threaded rod are threadedly connected to a support seat, and a pin is fixedly connected to the inclined surface of the support seat, and a bearing is rotatably connected to the surface of the pin.

[0012] Preferably, the workpiece includes a first flange, a second flange, a front cover plate, a rear cover plate, a blade outlet end, and a blade inlet end, wherein the inner hole of the first flange is clearance-fitted with the outer circle of the positioning plate.

[0013] This invention also discloses a programmable machining method for blades on a CNC boring and milling machine, specifically including the following steps:

[0014] S1. Design a blade processing scheme based on the shape of the blade blank and processing requirements;

[0015] S2. Based on the blade machining plan, simulate, analyze, optimize, calculate and complete the computer programming of the machining NC program through CAM numerical control programming software, and send the machining NC program to the CNC boring and milling machine.

[0016] S3. Before processing the guide vane product, align the 0 point position of the blade and the 0° of the A axis, and align the coordinate system of the workpiece and X0, Y0, Z0 and B0.

[0017] S4. When machining the blade exit end, install a D40 ball end mill on the spindle of the CNC boring and milling machine. Rotate the machine tool table until the inner side of the rear cover plate is parallel to the spindle. Locate the starting point of the blade and perform milling on the flow channel at the blade exit end, the curved surface between the cover plates, and the blade R angle. After completion, to machine the inner curved surface of the front cover plate, rotate the machine tool table 20° to form an angle with the D40 ball end mill, avoiding the obstruction. The tool directly enters the inner curved surface for milling. After machining one blade exit end, rotate the chuck to the 30° position to machine the next one, until all 12 blade exit ends are machined.

[0018] S5. When machining the blade inlet end, install the right-angle milling head on the spindle slide of the CNC boring and milling machine, and then install the D40 ball end mill on the right-angle milling head. The right-angle milling head enters the interior through the inner hole of the second flange of the guide vane product. Using the coordinate system rotation function in the CNC boring and milling machine, the tool performs milling on the blade inlet end flow channel, the curved surface between the cover plate and the blade R angle through the NC program, ensuring the connection with the tool marks at the outlet end. After machining one blade inlet end, rotate the chuck to the 30° position to machine the next one, until all 12 blade inlet ends are machined.

[0019] (III) Beneficial Effects

[0020] This invention provides a programmable machining device and method for machining blades on a CNC boring and milling machine. It offers the following advantages: This programmable machining device and method for machining blades on a CNC boring and milling machine adds a vertical A-axis and five axes (X, Y, Z, B, and A) to the worktable of a four-axis CNC boring and milling machine. The fifth axis, A-axis, is a programmable axis. By employing CAM CNC programming software for simulation, tool parameter analysis, optimization, calculation, and NC program generation, and utilizing the vertical A-axis in conjunction with the CNC boring and milling machine, it achieves surface machining technology that previously required a five-axis machine tool, cleverly utilizing the rotational characteristics of the vertical A-axis. The machining of 12 blades was completed by indexing. The arbitrary angle rotation of the CNC boring and milling machine table enabled the machining of the curved surfaces between the blade flow channel and the cover plate. This solved the problem that ordinary four-axis CNC boring and milling machines could not easily cut the curved surfaces of the guide vane flow channel and the blade, ensuring the positional accuracy and roughness requirements between the curved surfaces of each blade. This enabled the smooth machining of the product in one clamping, meeting the requirements of drawings and specifications, reducing the cost of purchasing large five-axis boring and milling centers, shortening the production cycle, and improving production efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the structure of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a left view of the structure of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the active support component of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a left view of the positioning disk structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the positioning disk and positioning step of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 This is a left view of the chuck structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7This is a cross-sectional view of the chuck structure of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the workpiece of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional view of the workpiece structure of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the right-angle milling head and D40 ball end mill of the present invention.

[0031] In the diagram: 1. Machine tool worktable; 2. Right-angle bending plate; 3. CNC rotary table; 4. Movable support assembly; 41. Guide rail base; 42. Center support; 43. Fixed support; 44. Bidirectional threaded rod; 45. Support seat; 46. Pin shaft; 47. Bearing; 5. Workpiece; 51. First flange; 52. Second flange; 53. Front cover plate; 54. Rear cover plate; 55. Blade outlet end; 56. Blade inlet end; 6. Positioning plate; 7. Pressure plate; 8. Chuck; 9. Drive motor; 10. Positioning step; 11. Positioning hole; 12. D40 ball end mill; 13. Lifting ring; 14. Right-angle milling head. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] Please refer to the diagram. This invention provides a programmable machining device for machining blades on a CNC boring and milling machine, including a machine tool worktable 1 and a workpiece 5 movably connected to the top of the machine tool worktable 1. A movable support assembly 4 is provided on one side of the top of the machine tool worktable 1. A right-angle bent plate 2 is fixedly connected to the other side of the top of the machine tool worktable 1 by hexagon socket bolts. A CNC rotary table 3 is fixedly connected to one side of the right-angle bent plate 2 by hexagon socket bolts. A lifting ring 13 is fixedly connected to the surface of the CNC rotary table 3. A chuck 8 is rotatably connected to one side of the CNC rotary table 3. A drive motor 9 is provided at the bottom of the CNC rotary table 3. A positioning plate 6 is fixedly connected to one side of the chuck 8 by hexagon socket bolts. A positioning step 10 is fixedly connected to one side of the positioning plate 6. A positioning hole 11 adapted to the positioning step 10 is provided on one side of the chuck 8. A pressure plate 7 is fixedly connected to the other side of the positioning plate 6 by hexagon socket bolts. The pressure plate 7 is pressed against the inner wall of the workpiece 5.

[0034] Specifically, the movable support component 4 includes a guide rail base 41, and the bottom of the guide rail base 41 is fixedly connected to the top of the machine tool worktable 1.

[0035] Specifically, the top of the guide rail base 41 is provided with a guide rail groove, and a central support 42 is fixedly connected to the middle of the guide rail groove by an internal hex bolt. The front and back of the guide rail groove are both fixedly connected to a fixed support 43 by internal hex bolts.

[0036] Specifically, a bidirectional threaded rod 44 is rotatably connected to the middle of the central support 42, and one end of the bidirectional threaded rod 44 passes through the fixed support 43 and extends to the outside of the fixed support 43.

[0037] Specifically, both sides of the surface of the bidirectional threaded rod 44 are threadedly connected to support seats 45, and a pin 46 is fixedly connected to the inclined surface of the support seat 45, and a bearing 47 is rotatably connected to the surface of the pin 46.

[0038] Specifically, the workpiece 5 includes a first flange 51, a second flange 52, a front cover plate 53, a rear cover plate 54, a blade outlet end 55, and a blade inlet end 56. The inner hole of the first flange 51 is clearance-fitted with the outer circle of the positioning plate 6.

[0039] This invention also discloses a programmable machining method for blades on a CNC boring and milling machine, specifically including the following steps:

[0040] S1. Design a blade processing scheme based on the shape of the blade blank and processing requirements;

[0041] S2. Based on the blade machining plan, simulate, analyze, optimize, calculate and complete the computer programming of the machining NC program through CAM numerical control programming software, and send the machining NC program to the CNC boring and milling machine.

[0042] S3. Before processing the guide vane product, align the 0 point position of the blade and the 0° of the A axis, and align the coordinate system of workpiece 5 and X0, Y0, Z0 and B0.

[0043] S4. When machining the blade exit end 55, install a D40 ball end mill 12 on the spindle of the CNC boring and milling machine. Rotate the machine tool worktable 1 until the inner side of the rear cover plate 54 is parallel to the spindle. Locate the starting point of the blade and perform milling of the flow channel, the curved surface between the cover plates, and the blade R angle of the blade exit end 55. After completion, process the inner curved surface of the front cover plate 53. Rotate the machine tool worktable 1 by 20° to form an angle with the D40 ball end mill 12, avoiding the obstruction. The tool directly enters the inner curved surface for milling. After machining one blade exit end 55, rotate the chuck to a position of 8 to 30° to machine the next one, until all 12 blade exit ends 55 are machined.

[0044] S5. When machining the blade inlet end 56, install the right-angle milling head 14 on the spindle slide of the CNC boring and milling machine, and then install the D40 ball end mill 12 on the right-angle milling head 14 (see...). Figure 10 As shown), the right-angle milling head 14 enters the interior through the inner hole of the second flange 52 of the guide vane product. Using the coordinate system rotation function in the CNC boring and milling machine, the tool performs milling of the flow channel at the blade inlet end 56, the curved surface between the cover plates, and the blade R angle through the NC program, ensuring the connection with the tool marks at the outlet end. After machining one blade inlet end 56, the chuck is rotated 8 to 30° to machine the next one, until all 12 blade inlet ends 56 are machined.

[0045] Furthermore, any content not described in detail in this specification is existing technology known to those skilled in the art.

[0046] In use, the assembled movable support assembly 4 is fixed on the machine tool worktable 1, and the movable support assembly 4 is located below the outer circle of the second flange 52 on the workpiece 5. The double-threaded rod 44 is rotated with a wrench to adjust the distance between the two support seats 45 and simultaneously expand or shrink the opening, thereby synchronously adjusting the center height of the workpiece 5. This achieves the purpose of quickly supporting the center of the workpiece 5 and quick clamping. It can provide auxiliary support when the workpiece 5 is heavy and has a long overhang, increasing rigidity and ensuring that no vibration occurs during processing. The positioning step 10 on the positioning plate 6 is inserted into the positioning hole 11, and the positioning plate 6 and the chuck 8 are fixed with hexagonal bolts. The pressure plate 7 is placed on the inner wall of the workpiece 5, and then the pressure plate 7 is fixed on the positioning plate 6 with hexagonal bolts. At this time, the pressure plate 7 presses the inner wall of the workpiece 5. By turning on the drive motor 9, the drive motor 9 drives the chuck 8 to rotate, thereby realizing the rotation of the workpiece 5, which facilitates subsequent processing.

[0047] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A programmable processing method for processing a blade by a numerical control boring and milling machine, comprising a machine tool worktable (1) and a workpiece (5) movably connected to the top of the machine tool worktable (1), characterized in that: The side of the top of the machine tool workbench (1) is provided with a movable support assembly (4), the other side of the top of the machine tool workbench (1) is fixedly connected with a right-angle bent plate (2) through a hexagon socket bolt, and the side of the right-angle bent plate (2) is fixedly connected with a numerical control rotary table (3) through a hexagon socket bolt, the numerical control rotary table (3) forms a vertical A shaft on the machine tool workbench (1), and the surface of the numerical control rotary table (3) is fixedly connected with a lifting ring (13), the side of the numerical control rotary table (3) is rotatably connected with a chuck (8), the bottom of the numerical control rotary table (3) is provided with a driving motor (9), the side of the chuck (8) is fixedly connected with a positioning disc (6) through a hexagon socket bolt, and the side of the positioning disc (6) is fixedly connected with a positioning step (10), the side of the chuck (8) is provided with a positioning hole (11) matched with the positioning step (10), the other side of the positioning disc (6) is fixedly connected with a pressing plate (7) through a hexagon socket bolt, and the pressing plate (7) is arranged in close contact with the inner wall of the workpiece (5); The method specifically comprises the following steps: S1. Design a blade machining scheme according to the shape of the blade blank and the machining requirements; S2. Complete computer programming of the machining NC program through CAM numerical control programming software simulation according to the blade machining scheme, and send the machining NC program to the numerical control boring and milling machine; S3. Before machining the guide vane product, align the blade 0 point and A shaft 0°, and align the coordinate system, X0, Y0, Z0 and B0 of the workpiece (5); S4. When machining the blade outlet end (55), install a D40 ball head milling cutter (12) tool on the spindle of the numerical control boring and milling machine, rotate the machine tool workbench (1) to the inside of the rear cover plate (54) parallel to the spindle, accurately align the blade starting point, and perform milling machining of the flow channel between the cover plates and the R corner part of the blade outlet end (55), complete the machining of the inside curve of the front cover plate (53), rotate the machine tool workbench (1) by 20° to form an angle with the D40 ball head milling cutter (12) tool, avoid the shielding part, and directly enter the inside curve part for milling machining, after machining one blade outlet end (55), rotate the chuck (8) to a 30° position to machine the next one, and continue until 12 blade outlet ends (55) are machined; S5. When machining the blade inlet end (56), install a right-angle milling head (14) on the spindle slide of the numerical control boring and milling machine, then install a D40 ball head milling cutter (12) on the right-angle milling head (14), the right-angle milling head (14) enters the inside from the second flange (52) hole of the guide vane product, the coordinate system rotation function in the numerical control boring and milling machine is used to make the tool perform milling machining of the flow channel between the cover plates and the R corner part of the blade inlet end (56) through the NC program, ensure the connection with the outlet end tool mark, after machining one blade inlet end (56), rotate the chuck (8) to a 30° position to machine the next one, and continue until 12 blade inlet ends (56) are machined.

2. A programmable machining method of machining vanes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The movable support assembly (4) comprises a guide rail base (41), and the bottom of the guide rail base (41) is fixedly connected to the top of the machine tool workbench (1).

3. A programmable method of machining a blade according to claim 2, wherein: The top of the guide rail base (41) is provided with a guide rail groove, and the middle part of the guide rail groove is fixedly connected with a center support (42) through a hexagon socket head cap screw.

4. A programmable method of machining a blade according to claim 3, wherein: The middle part of the center support (42) is rotatably connected with a bidirectional threaded rod (44), and one end of the bidirectional threaded rod (44) penetrates through the fixed support (43) and extends to the outside of the fixed support (43).

5. A programmable method of machining a blade according to claim 4, wherein: The surfaces of the bidirectional threaded rod (44) are threadedly connected with support seats (45) on both sides, the inclined surfaces of the support seats (45) are fixedly connected with pin shafts (46), and the surfaces of the pin shafts (46) are rotatably connected with bearings (47).

6. A programmable method of machining a blade according to claim 1, wherein: The workpiece (5) comprises a first flange (51), a second flange (52), a front cover plate (53), a rear cover plate (54), a blade outlet end (55) and a blade inlet end (56), and the inner hole of the first flange (51) is in clearance fit with the outer circle of the positioning disc (6).

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