A forming apparatus and a forming method for reducing progressive bending processing defects

Abstract

The application discloses a forming equipment capable of reducing progressive bending machining defects, and particularly relates to the technical field of plate forming, which comprises a flexible clamping device and a stamping assembly. The forming equipment is capable of adjusting the position of a stamping head through two lead screws driven by a first motor, clamping and self-adapting a metal plate through a universal ball seat, a universal ball and a clamp, and stably fixing the metal plate on the flexible clamping device after the metal plate is bent. In addition, two adjustable-spacing stamping heads are used to improve the forming efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of sheet metal forming technology, and in particular to a forming device and forming method for reducing defects in progressive bending. Background Technology

[0002] Progressive bending forming is a novel sheet metal forming technology, developed from cyclic multi-point incremental forming. Cyclic multi-point incremental forming discretizes the upper and lower dies of traditional stamping into a group of rearrangeable matrix units. During the forming process, each matrix unit moves sequentially, forming a sheet metal through multiple cyclic loading. Progressive bending forming replaces the matrix units on the lower die with a flexible support system. It uses a stamping head to perform bending stamping at different positions and depths in multiple steps, ultimately obtaining the sheet metal part of the target shape. This improves the problems of low efficiency and poor reliability of cyclic multi-point incremental forming. Progressive bending forming has many advantages for sheet metal processing, such as enabling moldless forming of sheet metal, saving time and costs associated with designing and manufacturing dies. It is very suitable for processing ship outer panels and small-batch products, with low cost, small single-step forming force, and a high degree of automation.

[0003] Existing technology, such as application number CN201510078391.3, provides a flexible processing equipment for complex curved sheet metal, including a vertically adjustable support column. Its features include: a two-layer base; a hydraulic cylinder fixed to the lower layer of the base; the upper part of the hydraulic cylinder passing through the upper layer of the base and connected to a push rod; a universal ball joint seat fixed to the top of the push rod; the universal ball joint placed on the universal ball joint seat; an electromagnetic chuck fixed to the upper part of the universal ball joint; and a bending plate press head. Its features include: a side column fixed under the fixed frame; a parallel rail fixed to the lower end of the side column; a moving block placed on the parallel rail; a punching tool head fixed to the lower part of the moving block; and an upper part mounted on the machine tool. The invention describes a flexible processing device for complex curved sheet metal, consisting of a support column and a bending plate press head. The advantages it achieves include: the ability to produce large sheet metal workpieces with complex curved surfaces; the use of a progressive bending process that eliminates the need for molds during the entire process, resulting in high processing flexibility; and its suitability for small batches of sheet metal workpieces with double curvature. However, when forming double-curvature sheet metal, the fixed distance between the press heads can lead to deformation and distortion due to improper press positions and sequences, resulting in an uneven metal sheet surface. Furthermore, when stamping small sheet metal, the electromagnetic chuck cannot stably hold the sheet metal, thus affecting the forming accuracy. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the issues of unstable adsorption and unreasonable stamping positions and sequences affecting forming accuracy, this invention proposes a forming device and method for reducing defects in progressive bending processing.

[0005] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0006] This invention proposes a forming device for reducing defects in progressive bending processes, comprising a clamping device and a stamping assembly, wherein:

[0007] The flexible clamping device includes a base, on which a plurality of first motors are mounted. The plurality of first motors are fixed to the top surface of the base, with the output ends of the first motors facing the top side. Each output end of the first motor is fixed with a telescopic component, which includes a support column and a push rod. The motor output ends drive the push rod to move longitudinally within the support column. A plurality of universal ball seats are fixed to the top of the push rod, and each universal ball seat is provided with a universal ball. At least four universal ball seats are provided near the four edges of the base, and clamps are correspondingly provided on the four universal ball seats. The clamps are fixedly connected to the universal balls on the universal ball seats.

[0008] The stamping assembly includes a base, a reducer fixed to the bottom of the base, the reducer being fixed in a square groove of the base, a second motor on the top of the reducer, a lead screw at the bottom of the reducer, a base body connected to each end of the lead screw, a stamping head fixed to the bottom of the base body, the second motor fixed to the base, the drive end of the second motor being connected to the reducer, the lead screw being rotatably connected to the reducer, and the lead screw rotating and driving the stamping head to move toward the sides or center of the base.

[0009] Furthermore, the flexible clamping device also includes multiple trays, which are fixedly connected to the base. The first motor is located at the bottom of the tray, and the support column passes through the tray and is fixedly connected to the output end of the first motor.

[0010] Furthermore, the base has convex guide rails on both sides and concave guide rails in the square groove, and the base and the square groove are slidably connected by the convex and concave guide rails.

[0011] Furthermore, the base is provided with a cylindrical groove, and the second motor is fixed in the cylindrical groove.

[0012] Furthermore, it also includes a connecting platform, on the top of which a third motor is fixedly mounted. The output end of the third motor is fixedly connected to the base, and the base is rotatably connected to the connecting platform.

[0013] Furthermore, it also includes a connecting frame, with a concave guide rail on one side of the connecting platform and a convex guide rail on one side of the connecting frame. The connecting platform and the connecting frame are longitudinally slidably connected through the convex guide rail and the concave guide rail. A first cylinder is provided on the top of the connecting frame, and the first cylinder drives the connecting platform to move longitudinally.

[0014] Furthermore, it also includes a machine tool, wherein a machine tool guide rail is provided on the bottom of the machine tool, a worktable is provided on the top of the machine tool guide rail, the worktable is mounted on the machine tool guide rail of the machine tool, and the base is fixed on the worktable.

[0015] Furthermore, the machine tool is provided with a crossbeam at the top, and a convex guide rail is provided on the crossbeam. The connecting frame is laterally slidably connected to the machine tool through the convex guide rail.

[0016] Furthermore, the clamp includes a jaw and a second cylinder. The jaw is fixed to the top of the universal ball, and the second cylinder is fixed to one side of the jaw and drives the jaw to open and close. The jaw faces the center side of the base, and the clamp is used to clamp the edge of the metal plate.

[0017] Furthermore, a forming method for a forming apparatus that reduces progressive bending defects is characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0018] S1. Create a three-dimensional model of the target shape of the metal sheet;

[0019] S2. Expand the three-dimensional surface of the three-dimensional model according to the minimum energy method, and obtain the Gaussian curvature direction when the energy is minimized;

[0020] S3. Arrange each stamping point along the Gaussian curvature direction, and obtain the springback amount of each stamping point based on simulation.

[0021] S4. The springback amount is used to compensate for each stamping point and to form the loading trajectory of the stamping head;

[0022] S5. Arrange the flexible clamping device and the stamping assembly according to the target shape of the metal sheet, and then the stamping assembly stamps the metal sheet through the loading trajectory to obtain the metal sheet of the target shape.

[0023] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0024] (1) The forming equipment proposed in this invention to reduce progressive bending defects can adjust the distance between the two stamping heads by driving the lead screw with the second motor. When stamping, it can avoid the problem of mutual inhibition of the supporting effect on both sides when stamping large curvature metal sheets. At the same time, the telescopic component drives the clamp to hold the metal sheet. The clamp adapts to the shape change of the metal sheet through the universal ball seat and universal ball, which can improve the forming quality and forming efficiency of the sheet. Secondly, it is more stable when processing small sheets.

[0025] (2) The present invention proposes a forming method for forming equipment to reduce progressive bending defects. When stamping metal sheets with large curvature, a multi-layer forming method can be adopted, that is, first forming a surface with a smaller curvature, and then forming a surface with a larger curvature from the surface with a smaller curvature. This allows the metal sheet to be formed layer by layer to the target shape, thereby improving the forming efficiency.

[0026] (3) The forming equipment proposed in this invention reduces the defects of progressive bending process. It controls the movement and operation of the stamping component and the clamping component through multiple motors, slide rails and cylinders. It can complete the fully automatic stamping without human labor by pre-setting the program, which is easier for skilled workers to operate. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is an overall view of the forming equipment for reducing defects in progressive bending processing according to the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the flexible clamping device of the forming equipment for reducing defects in progressive bending processing according to the present invention.

[0029] Figure 3 This is a diagram showing the internal structure of the stamping assembly of the forming equipment for reducing progressive bending defects according to the present invention.

[0030] In the figure: flexible clamping device 1, base 11, first motor 12, telescopic component 13, support column 131, push rod 132, universal ball seat 14, universal ball 15, clamp 16, gripper 161, second cylinder 162, pallet 17, stamping component 2, base 21, reducer 22, second motor 23, lead screw 24, base 25, stamping head 26, square slot 27, cylindrical slot 28, machine tool 3, connecting table 31, third motor 32, connecting frame 33, first cylinder 34, worktable 35, convex guide rail 4, concave guide rail 5, machine tool guide rail 6;

[0031] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0032] To more clearly and completely illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0033] Please refer to Figures 1-3 The present invention proposes a forming device for reducing defects in progressive bending processing, comprising a clamping device and a stamping assembly 2, wherein:

[0034] The flexible clamping device 1 includes a base 11, on which a plurality of first motors 12 are provided. The plurality of first motors 12 are fixed to the top surface of the base 11. The output end of the first motors 12 faces the top side. Each first motor 12 has a telescopic component 13 fixed to its output end. The telescopic component 13 includes a support column 131 and a push rod 132. The motor output end drives the push rod 132 to move longitudinally within the support column 131. A plurality of universal ball seats 14 are fixed to the top of the push rod 132. Each universal ball seat 14 is provided with a universal ball 15. At least four universal ball seats 14 are provided near the four edges of the base 11. Clamps 16 are provided on the four universal ball seats 14 respectively. The clamps 16 are fixedly connected to the universal balls 15 on the universal ball seats 14.

[0035] The stamping assembly 2 includes a base 21, a reducer 22 fixed at the bottom of the base 21, the reducer 22 being fixed in a square groove 27 of the base 21, a second motor 23 at the top of the reducer 22, a lead screw 24 at the bottom of the reducer 22, a base body 25 connected to each end of the lead screw 24, a stamping head 26 fixed at the bottom of the base body 25, the second motor 23 being fixed on the base 21, the drive end of the second motor 23 being connected to the reducer 22, the lead screw 24 being rotatably connected to the reducer 22, the lead screw 24 rotating and driving the stamping head 26 to move toward the sides or center of the base 21.

[0036] In this embodiment:

[0037] The base 11 is used to provide a fixing structure for the first motor 12;

[0038] The push rod 132 and the support column 131 form a structure that can extend and retract longitudinally.

[0039] The first motor 12 is used to provide power for the longitudinal movement of the push rod 132 within the support column 131;

[0040] The universal ball joint 14 and the universal ball 15 form an adjustable structure and a supporting plate;

[0041] Clamp 16 is used to provide a fixed clamping structure for the metal sheet;

[0042] The base 21 is used to provide a fixed structure for the second motor 23 and the reducer 22;

[0043] The second motor 23 is used to provide power for the rotation of the lead screw 24;

[0044] Reducer 22 is used to reduce rotational speed and increase torque;

[0045] The stamping head 26 is used to stamp metal sheets;

[0046] The base 25 provides a support structure for the movement of the stamping head 26;

[0047] Specifically, multiple telescopic components 13 are fixed on the base 11. These components are arranged in a square with equal spacing. A motor drives the telescopic components 13 to extend and retract, thereby causing the universal ball seats 14 and universal balls 15 to move longitudinally. Universal ball seats 14 are located on the push rods 132 of the telescopic components 13 at the center and four sides of the square. Universal balls 15 are located within the universal ball seats 14. Clamps 16 are fixed to the universal balls 15 at the four sides. The central universal ball 15 is used to adhere to and support the bottom of the metal sheet. The four clamps 16 are used to clamp the four sides of the metal sheet. A second motor 23 drives a reducer 22, which rotates and drives a lead screw 24. The reducer 22 reduces the output speed of the second motor 23 while increasing the output torque, resulting in a lower rotation speed of the lead screw 24. This also allows for better movement of the stamping heads 26 to adjust the two stamping heads 26. During operation, the four clamps 16 hold the four edges of the metal sheet respectively. Then, the first cylinder 34 drives the punch head 26 to move downwards for punching. At the same time, the third motor 32 rotates the position of the two punches and cooperates with the second motor 23 to adjust the distance between the punches to complete the punching of the metal sheet. Due to the action of the universal ball seat 14 and the universal ball 15, when the metal sheet is bent, the clamps 16 will also change the tilt angle with the rotation of the metal sheet to keep the metal sheet fixed. By adjusting the distance of the punches and rotating to adjust the position of the punches, the problem of mutual inhibition of the forming effect on both sides when a single punch head 26 punches a large curvature such as a saddle-shaped sheet can be avoided. At the same time, the forming efficiency can be improved. Through the flexible clamping device 1, the four clamps 16 hold the edge of the sheet. The universal ball seat 14 and the universal ball 15 can adapt to the shape changes in the forming of the sheet and keep the metal sheet fixed. Compared with bolt fixing, the forming quality and the effective usable area of ​​the metal sheet are improved.

[0048] In one embodiment, the first motor 12 and the telescopic component 13 can be replaced by other mechanisms such as electric cylinders. The components that drive the punch assembly to move, such as the connecting platform 31, connecting frame 33, first cylinder 34 and third motor 32, can be replaced by a robotic arm. The robotic arm is fixed on the machine tool 3 and its end is connected to the punch assembly. Alternatively, two robotic arms can be fixed on the machine tool 3 and the end of the robotic arm can be fixed to the punch, which can also achieve the same function.

[0049] Furthermore, the flexible clamping device 1 also includes multiple trays 17, which are fixedly connected to the base 11. A first motor 12 is located at the bottom of the tray 17, and a support column 131 passes through the tray 17 and the first motor 12, with its output end fixedly connected.

[0050] In this embodiment:

[0051] The support plate 17 is used to provide a stable structure for the support column 131;

[0052] Specifically, the support plate 17 has a circular hole, the support column 131 passes through the circular hole and is fixedly connected to the first motor 12. The support plate 17 is fixed on the base 11 and the support column 131 is confined in the circular hole, so that the support column 131 and the push rod 132 will not shake or tilt when they are in operation.

[0053] Furthermore, the base 25 is provided with convex guide rails 4 on both sides, and the square groove 27 is provided with concave guide rails 5. The base 25 and the square groove 27 are slidably connected through the convex guide rails 4 and the concave guide rails 5.

[0054] In this embodiment:

[0055] The convex guide rail 4 and the concave guide rail 5 are used to provide a sliding structure for the lateral movement of the base 25 within the square groove 27;

[0056] Specifically, the concave guide rail 5 and the convex guide rail 4 provide a sliding mechanism for the movement of the base 25, while also allowing for more precise control of the sliding distance.

[0057] Furthermore, the base 21 is provided with a cylindrical groove 28, and the second motor 23 is fixed in the cylindrical groove 28.

[0058] In this embodiment:

[0059] The cylindrical slot 28 is used to provide a mounting structure for the second motor 23;

[0060] Specifically, the second motor 23 is installed in the cylindrical slot 28, and the motor output end passes through the cylindrical slot 28 and is connected to the reducer 22 in the square slot 27. The cylindrical slot 28 makes it easier to install the second motor 23 and also makes it easier to disassemble.

[0061] Furthermore, it also includes a connecting platform 31, on the top of which a third motor 32 is fixed. The output end of the third motor 32 is fixedly connected to the base 21, and the base 21 is rotatably connected to the connecting platform 31.

[0062] In this embodiment:

[0063] The third motor 32 is used to drive the base 21 to rotate;

[0064] Specifically, the third motor 32 can rotate to drive the base 21 and in turn drive the stamping assembly 2 to rotate, thereby adjusting the position of the stamping head 26 on the metal sheet.

[0065] Furthermore, it also includes a connecting frame 33. A concave guide rail is provided on one side of the connecting platform 31, and a convex guide rail 4 is provided on one side of the connecting frame 33. The connecting platform 31 and the connecting frame 33 are longitudinally slidably connected through the convex guide rail 4 and the concave guide rail. A first cylinder 34 is provided on the top of the connecting frame 33, and the first cylinder 34 drives the connecting platform 31 to move longitudinally.

[0066] In this embodiment:

[0067] The connecting frame 33 is used to provide a longitudinal moving structure for the connecting platform 31;

[0068] The first cylinder 34 is used to drive the connecting platform 31 to move longitudinally.

[0069] Specifically, the top of the connecting frame 33 is provided with a first cylinder 34, which drives the connecting platform 31 to move up and down. The connecting platform 31 and the connecting frame 33 are slidably connected by a concave guide rail 5 and a convex guide rail 4, and the connecting platform 31 can slide longitudinally on the connecting frame 33.

[0070] Furthermore, it also includes a machine tool 3, with a machine tool guide rail 6 at the bottom of the machine tool 3, and a worktable 35 at the top of the machine tool guide rail 6. The worktable 35 is mounted on the machine tool guide rail 6 of the machine tool 3, and the base 11 is fixed on the worktable 35.

[0071] In this embodiment:

[0072] Machine tool 3 is used to provide a fixed structure for stamping assembly 2 and flexible clamping device 1;

[0073] The worktable 35 can be used to fix and support the flexible support device;

[0074] Specifically, the machine tool guide rail 6 allows the worktable 35 to move laterally at the bottom of the machine tool 3. The stamping component 2 is fixed on the worktable 35 and its position is adjusted by the machine tool guide rail 6 at the bottom of the machine tool 3 to complete the automatic bending process. The machine tool 3 can stabilize and fix the stamping component 2 and the flexible clamping device 1, and can also adjust the position of the stamping component 2 and the flexible clamping device.

[0075] Furthermore, the machine tool 3 is provided with a crossbeam on top, and a convex guide rail 4 is provided on the crossbeam. The connecting frame 33 is laterally slidably connected to the machine tool 3 through the convex guide rail 4.

[0076] In this embodiment:

[0077] The crossbeam provides a structure for lateral movement of the connecting frame 33;

[0078] Specifically, the machine tool 3 is equipped with a crossbeam, and a convex guide rail 4 is provided on the crossbeam. The convex guide rail 4 slides in cooperation with one side of the connecting frame 33. A fourth motor is provided on the side of the crossbeam to drive the connecting frame 33 to move laterally. The fourth motor drives the lead screw 24 to rotate and drives the connecting frame 33 to move laterally.

[0079] Furthermore, the clamp 16 includes a gripper 161 and a second cylinder 162. The gripper 161 is fixed to the top of the universal ball 15, and the second cylinder 162 is fixed to one side of the gripper 161 and drives the gripper 161 to open and close. The gripper 161 faces the center side of the base 11. The clamp 16 is used to clamp the edge of the metal plate.

[0080] In this embodiment:

[0081] Clamp 16 is located on the edge portion facing the center to clamp the edge of the metal sheet;

[0082] Gripper 161 is used to clamp metal sheets;

[0083] The second cylinder 162 is used to drive the gripper 161 to open and close.

[0084] Specifically, the gripper 161 is fixed to the universal ball 15, the universal ball 15 is fixed to the universal ball seat 14, and the second cylinder 162 is fixed to the gripper 161. The second cylinder 162 pushes the gripper 161 to close or open to clamp the metal sheet. The clamp 16 can rotate through the universal ball 15 and the universal ball seat 14 to adapt to metal sheets with different degrees of curvature. Multiple telescopic components 13 are arranged in a square at equal intervals. The clamp 16 can be set on the universal ball 15 at the four corners of the square, or it can be set on the universal ball 15 at the center of the four sides of the square, which can be selected according to the actual situation.

[0085] A forming method for a forming apparatus that reduces defects in progressive bending processes, characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0086] S1. Create a three-dimensional model of the target shape of the metal sheet;

[0087] S2. Expand the three-dimensional surface of the three-dimensional model according to the minimum energy method, and obtain the Gaussian curvature direction when the energy is minimized;

[0088] S3. Arrange each stamping point along the Gaussian curvature direction, and obtain the springback amount of each stamping point based on simulation.

[0089] S4. Compensation is applied to each stamping point using the springback amount to form the loading trajectory of the stamping head 26;

[0090] S5. Arrange the flexible clamping device 1 and the stamping assembly 2 according to the target shape of the metal sheet. Then, the stamping assembly 2 stamps the metal sheet through the loading trajectory to obtain the metal sheet of the target shape.

[0091] Specifically, during processing, a 3D model of the target shape of the metal sheet is first created. The target shape is the shape to be processed. Then, the 3D surface of the target shape is unfolded according to the minimum energy method to obtain the Gaussian curvature direction with the lowest energy. Each stamping point is arranged according to the Gaussian curvature direction. When stamping metal sheets with larger curvature, a multi-layer forming method is adopted, that is, first forming a surface with a smaller curvature, and then forming a surface with a larger curvature from the smaller curvature surface. All stamping points converge to form the stamping stroke. The springback amount of the stamping points is obtained by simulation, and the stamping stroke is compensated to reduce stamping error. The loading trajectory is used to generate NC code, which is then input into the equipment for operation. The equipment is debugged and the flexible clamping device 1 is arranged according to the target shape of the metal sheet. The two stamping heads 26 of the stamping assembly 2 are arranged diagonally. At the same time, the flexible clamping device 1 fixes the metal sheet. Then, the metal sheet is processed according to the loading trajectory provided by the NC code. The flexible clamping device 1 follows the shape changes of the metal sheet clamped around it to avoid creases at the fixing points. The metal sheet is shaped in multiple steps in sequence, and finally the target shape metal sheet is gradually bent and shaped to obtain the finished metal sheet.

[0092] Of course, the present invention may have many other embodiments. Based on this embodiment, other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without any creative effort are all within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A forming device for reducing defects in progressive bending processes, characterized in that, Includes a flexible clamping device and a stamping assembly, wherein: The flexible clamping device includes a base, on which a plurality of first motors are mounted. The plurality of first motors are fixed to the top surface of the base, with the output ends of the first motors facing the top side. Each output end of the first motor is fixed with a telescopic component, which includes a support column and a push rod. The motor output ends drive the push rod to move longitudinally within the support column. A plurality of universal ball seats are fixed to the top of the push rod, and each universal ball seat is provided with a universal ball. At least four universal ball seats are provided near the four edges of the base, and clamps are correspondingly provided on the four universal ball seats. The clamps are fixedly connected to the universal balls on the universal ball seats. The stamping assembly includes a base, a reducer fixed to the bottom of the base, the reducer being fixed in a square groove of the base, a second motor on the top of the reducer, a lead screw at the bottom of the reducer, a base body connected to each end of the lead screw, a stamping head fixed to the bottom of the base body, the second motor fixed to the base, the drive end of the second motor being connected to the reducer, the lead screw being rotatably connected to the reducer, and the lead screw rotating and driving the stamping head to move toward the sides of the base or the center of the base; The clamp includes a jaw and a second cylinder. The jaw is fixed to the top of the universal ball, and the second cylinder is fixed to one side of the jaw and drives the jaw to open and close. The jaw faces the center of the base, and the clamp is used to hold the edge of the metal plate.

2. The forming equipment for reducing progressive bending defects according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flexible clamping device also includes multiple trays, which are fixedly connected to the base. The first motor is located at the bottom of the tray, and the support column passes through the tray and is fixedly connected to the output end of the first motor.

3. The forming equipment for reducing progressive bending defects according to claim 1, characterized in that, The base has convex guide rails on both sides and concave guide rails in the square groove. The base and the square groove are slidably connected by the convex and concave guide rails.

4. The forming equipment for reducing progressive bending defects according to claim 1, characterized in that, The base is provided with a cylindrical groove, and the second motor is fixed in the cylindrical groove.

5. The forming equipment for reducing progressive bending defects according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a connecting platform, on the top of which a third motor is fixedly mounted. The output end of the third motor is fixedly connected to the base, and the base is rotatably connected to the connecting platform.

6. The forming equipment for reducing progressive bending defects according to claim 5, characterized in that, It also includes a connecting frame, with a concave guide rail on one side of the connecting platform and a convex guide rail on one side of the connecting frame. The connecting platform and the connecting frame are longitudinally slidably connected through the convex guide rail and the concave guide rail. A first cylinder is provided on the top of the connecting frame, and the first cylinder drives the connecting platform to move longitudinally.

7. The forming equipment for reducing progressive bending defects according to claim 6, characterized in that, It also includes a machine tool, with a machine tool guide rail on the bottom of the machine tool, a worktable on the top of the machine tool guide rail, the worktable being mounted on the machine tool guide rail of the machine tool, and the base being fixed on the worktable.

8. The forming equipment for reducing progressive bending defects according to claim 7, characterized in that, The machine tool is provided with a crossbeam at the top, and a convex guide rail is provided on the crossbeam. The connecting frame is slidably connected to the machine tool laterally through the convex guide rail.

9. A forming method for a forming apparatus for reducing progressive bending defects according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Create a three-dimensional model of the target shape of the metal sheet; S2. Expand the three-dimensional surface of the three-dimensional model according to the minimum energy method, and obtain the Gaussian curvature direction when the energy is minimized; S3. Arrange each stamping point along the Gaussian curvature direction, and obtain the springback amount of each stamping point based on simulation. S4. The springback amount is used to compensate for each stamping point and to form the loading trajectory of the stamping head; S5. Arrange the flexible clamping device and the stamping assembly according to the target shape of the metal sheet, and then the stamping assembly stamps the metal sheet through the loading trajectory to obtain the metal sheet of the target shape.

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