A detachable double-layer nonlinear damping fastener and an assembling method thereof

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of rail line damping, and specifically provides a detachable double-layer nonlinear damping fastener, which comprises an upper iron base plate, a lower iron base plate and a rubber base plate, and the upper iron base plate, the lower iron base plate and the rubber base plate are respectively in a whole symmetrical structure; two sides of the lower iron base plate are symmetrically provided with connecting bosses, two sides of the upper iron base plate and the rubber base plate are matched provided with connecting through holes one and two, and the connecting bosses are arranged in the connecting through holes one and two; the upper iron base plate is provided with a connecting sleeve arranged on the connecting boss, a locking assembly is matched arranged on the inner wall of the connecting sleeve and the outer wall of the connecting boss, and the connecting sleeve is further provided with a cover plate locked on the connecting boss. The present application further provides an assembling method of the detachable double-layer nonlinear damping fastener. The damping fastener has good pre-assembly function, low transverse shear force and good rail transverse shape and position keeping capacity.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of rail line vibration reduction technology, and in particular to a detachable double-layer nonlinear vibration reduction fastener and an assembling method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] In recent years, with the rapid development of China's social economy and the acceleration of urbanization process, the subway transportation system has developed rapidly. In order to further reduce the noise pollution caused by the subway and improve the riding comfort of passengers, more and more subway lines propose to use high-elasticity vibration reduction fasteners to replace ordinary fasteners. Due to the fact that the high-elasticity vibration reduction fastener greatly reduces the overall vertical stiffness of the track fastener, the comprehensive vibration reduction effect of the fastener is greatly improved, and the vibration and noise problems generated in the operation of the rail transit are better solved. Through patent retrieval, the following patents in the prior art are related to high-elasticity vibration reduction fasteners:

[0003] 1. Patent No. CN201210533622.1, Patent Name "Easy-to-disassemble double-layer vibration reduction fastener system", including elastic strip, track under elastic insulation pad, upper bottom plate, bottom plate elastic insulation pad, lower bottom plate, anchor bolt, boss, connecting sleeve, interlocking cover plate, anchor bolt, etc. The vibration reduction fastener in the patent has the performance of low stiffness under low load and high stiffness under high load, which can ensure the safety of driving.

[0004] 2. Patent No. CN201921550695.5, Patent Name "Double-layer vibration reduction fastener", including upper bottom plate, lower bottom plate, protruding column, first through hole, bottom plate connecting sleeve, filling structure between bottom plate connecting sleeve and protruding column of lower bottom plate. The vibration reduction fastener in the utility model can increase the friction between the bottom plate connecting sleeve and the protruding column, effectively prevent the bottom plate connecting sleeve from rotating, increase the safety of the product in the line operation, prevent garbage, rainwater, etc. from entering the gap between the protruding column and the bottom plate connecting sleeve, and improve the service life of the protruding column and the bottom plate connecting sleeve.

[0005] However, the above-mentioned vibration reduction fasteners have the following problems:

[0006] 1. The existing connection method usually adopts a mechanical fixing method. When replacement is required, the connecting sleeve must be damaged and treated, which will increase the material cost and labor intensity.

[0007] 2. The upper and lower pad plates are connected by the connecting sleeve to achieve pre-pressing. In the subsequent use process, the pre-pressing force is easily changed due to the aging of the plastic, thereby causing the change of the assembly stiffness of the system.

[0008] 3. The offset arrangement of the upper and lower iron pad plates will cause the product to be subjected to a transverse shear force.

[0009] 4. The lack of stoppers on the rail pads makes them prone to lateral movement when running on the track.

[0010] In summary, designing a vibration damping fastener that facilitates product assembly, reduces pre-assembly pressure, improves vibration damping effect, and reduces lateral deflection force is an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0011] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a detachable double-layer nonlinear vibration damping fastener and its assembly method, which simplifies the pre-assembly process, solves product wear problems, prevents component movement, improves lateral position retention, and enhances vibration damping performance.

[0012] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention proposes the following technical solution: a detachable double-layer nonlinear vibration damping fastener, comprising an upper iron pad, a lower iron pad, and a rubber pad located between the upper iron pad and the lower iron pad, wherein the upper iron pad, the lower iron pad, and the rubber pad are all integrally symmetrical structures; the lower iron pad is symmetrically provided with connecting bosses on both sides, and the upper iron pad and the rubber pad are provided with connecting through holes one and two on both sides, wherein the connecting bosses pass through the connecting through holes one and two; the upper iron pad is provided with a connecting sleeve fitted onto the connecting boss, and a locking component is provided on the inner wall of the connecting sleeve and the outer wall of the connecting boss, and the connecting sleeve is also provided with a cover plate locked onto the connecting boss.

[0013] Furthermore, the locking assembly includes a locking block located on the outer wall of the connecting boss and a locking groove located on the inner wall of the connecting sleeve to receive and engage the locking block.

[0014] Furthermore, the locking groove includes a guide groove, a retaining groove, and a sliding groove located between the guide groove and the retaining groove.

[0015] Furthermore, the bottom of the locking block includes an arc-shaped limiting block, and the bottom wall of the abutting groove is an arc-shaped structure that matches the limiting block. The bottom wall of the abutting groove extends below the bottom wall of the sliding groove.

[0016] Furthermore, the locking assembly includes at least two evenly distributed sets; the inner end of the upper surface of the connecting sleeve is also provided with an adjustment groove that is offset from the locking assembly.

[0017] Furthermore, the upper surface of the connecting boss includes a serrated locking platform one, and the lower surface of the cover plate is provided with a locking platform two that matches and locks with the locking platform one; the cover plate covers the upper end of the connecting sleeve.

[0018] Furthermore, a lower transverse shoulder and an upper transverse shoulder are respectively provided on the middle side wall of the lower iron pad and the upper iron pad.

[0019] Further, the upper iron base upper end further comprises a spring strip containing platform on the inner side of the connecting through hole one and a rail bearing surface between the spring strip containing platforms, and the rail bearing surface comprises a rail base plate.

[0020] An assembling method of a detachable double-layer nonlinear damping fastener, comprising the following steps:

[0021] S1: Place the rubber base plate on the lower iron base plate, at this time, the connecting through hole two is sleeved on the connecting boss, and the connecting boss extends above the connecting through hole two;

[0022] S2: Place the upper iron base plate on the rubber base plate, at this time, the connecting through hole one is sleeved on the connecting boss, and the connecting boss extends above the connecting through hole one;

[0023] S3: Apply a pre-compression force to the rubber base plate, and then sleeve the connecting sleeve in the connecting through hole one and the connecting through hole two downward on the connecting boss, and rotate the connecting sleeve so that the abutting block abuts in the abutting groove;

[0024] S4: Place the cover plate on the upper iron base plate, at this time, the clamping table two of the cover plate is matched and clamped on the clamping table one of the connecting boss, and the cover plate and the connecting boss are locked;

[0025] S5: Place the rail base plate on the rail bearing surface, and place the rail on the rail base plate, and lock the rail by the spring strip.

[0026] Further, S3 comprises the following sub-steps:

[0027] S31: Sleeve the connecting sleeve in the connecting through hole one and the connecting through hole two downward on the connecting boss;

[0028] S32: Apply pressure downward from the upper iron base plate to apply a downward pre-compression force to the rubber base plate, and provide a sliding space for the locking block;

[0029] S33: Rotate the connecting sleeve by using a tool, and the tool is connected with the connecting sleeve in the adjusting groove; at this time, the locking block slides in the sliding groove in the circumferential direction;

[0030] S34: The limiting block on the locking block slides to the abutting groove, and the limiting block abuts in the abutting groove.

[0031] The beneficial effects of the present application are:

[0032] 1. For pre-assembly problem: the present application adopts a screw-in type and an embedded type combined structure, applies a pre-compression force to the rubber base plate, and locks and clamps by the connecting sleeve and the connecting boss; the connecting function can be realized, the locking is not easy to slide out, pre-assembly can be realized in the factory, and the specified pre-compression force can be applied. At the same time, through the cooperation of the cover plate and the connecting sleeve, it can be ensured that the pre-assembly pressure will not change greatly, and the pre-compression force change caused by factors such as aging and damage of the connecting sleeve can be avoided.

[0033] 2. For the problem of lateral deflection force: the upper iron pad, the lower iron pad and the rubber pad in the application are respectively designed as a whole symmetrical structure, that is, the upper iron pad, the lower iron pad and the rubber pad are all designed as a straight-line structure, so as to reduce the lateral deflection force of the system fastener.

[0034] 3. For the problem of nonlinear damping: the rubber boss one and the rubber boss two are respectively arranged on the rail pad and the rubber pad, so as to realize the function of low front end stiffness and high rear end stiffness, reduce the pre-assembly pressure value, facilitate product assembly, and achieve the effect of nonlinear damping.

[0035] 4. For the problem of component movement: the upper transverse shoulder and the lower transverse shoulder are respectively arranged at the side end of the upper iron pad and the lower iron pad, so as to position and limit the rail pad and the rubber pad, limit the lateral displacement of the rubber pad and the rail pad, and realize the lateral limiting function.

[0036] 5. For the problem of disassembly and replacement: the rotation structure (adjusting groove) of the connecting sleeve is designed at the upper end face of the top of the connecting sleeve, so as to facilitate the use of a tool to take out the connecting sleeve when replacing the connecting sleeve, and only need to rotate the connecting sleeve out by using a tool when replacing the connecting sleeve, so as to avoid multiple structure disassembly. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0037] Figure 1 is an explosion structure schematic diagram of a damping fastener provided by an embodiment of the application.

[0038] Figure 2 is Figure 1 a local enlarged view of A in

[0039] Figure 3 is a sectional structure schematic diagram of a damping fastener provided by an embodiment of the application.

[0040] Figure 4 is a structure schematic diagram of a connecting sleeve provided by an embodiment of the application.

[0041] Figure 5 is an installation structure schematic diagram of a steel rail provided by an embodiment of the application.

[0042] The reference signs are as follows: the upper iron pad 1, the lower iron pad 2, the rubber pad 3, the connecting boss 4, the connecting through hole one 5, the connecting through hole two 6, the connecting sleeve 7, the cover plate 8, the locking block 9, the guide groove 10, the abutting groove 11, the sliding groove 12, the limiting block 13, the adjusting groove 14, the clamping table one 15, the clamping table two 16, the lower transverse shoulder 17, the upper transverse shoulder 18, the elastic strip containing table 19, the steel rail bearing surface 20, the rail pad 21, the steel rail 22, the elastic strip 23, the rubber boss one 24, and the rubber boss two 25. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the following further describes the present application with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and do not constitute limitation to the present application. Figures 1-5 The technical solutions of the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and do not constitute limitation to the present application.

[0044] A detachable double-layer nonlinear damping fastener, as shown in Figure 1 、 3 , comprises an upper iron base plate 1, a lower iron base plate 2 and a rubber base plate 3 between the upper iron base plate 1 and the lower iron base plate 2. The upper iron base plate 1, the lower iron base plate 2 and the rubber base plate 3 are respectively designed as integral symmetrical structures, i.e. the upper iron base plate 1, the lower iron base plate 2 and the rubber base plate 3 are all designed as straight-line structures, so as to reduce the lateral deflection force of the damping fastener, improve the lateral stability of the damping fastener and improve the damping performance.

[0045] As shown in Figure 1 、 3 , two sides of the lower iron base plate 2 are symmetrically provided with connecting bosses 4, and two sides of the upper iron base plate 1 and the rubber base plate 3 are symmetrically provided with connecting through holes 5 and 6, and the connecting bosses 4 are arranged in the connecting through holes 5 and 6. The upper iron base plate 1 further comprises elastic strip accommodating tables 19 on the inner side of the connecting through holes 5 and rail bearing surfaces 20 between the elastic strip accommodating tables 19, and the rail bearing surfaces 20 comprise rail lower base plates 21. As shown in Figure 5 , in use, a rail 22 is arranged on the rail lower base plate 21, and an elastic strip 23 is arranged on the elastic strip accommodating table 19 and clamps the rail 22.

[0046] The upper iron base plate 1 is provided with a connecting sleeve 7 sleeved on the connecting boss 4, and a locking assembly is arranged on the inner wall of the connecting sleeve 7 and the outer wall of the connecting boss 4. As shown in Figure 1 、 2 , 3, 5, the locking assembly comprises a locking block 9 on the outer wall of the connecting boss 4 and a locking groove on the inner wall of the connecting sleeve 7 for accommodating and clamping the locking block 9. The bottom of the locking block 9 comprises a circular arc limiting block 13. The locking groove comprises a guide groove 10, a clamping groove 11 and a sliding groove 12 between the guide groove 10 and the clamping groove 11. The bottom wall of the clamping groove 11 is a circular arc structure matched with the limiting block 13, and the bottom wall of the clamping groove 11 extends below the bottom wall of the sliding groove 12. The bottom wall of the clamping groove 11 is specifically shown as S in Figure 4 .

[0047] The inner end of the upper surface of the connecting sleeve 7 is also provided with an adjustment groove 14 that is offset from the locking assembly. When the connecting sleeve 7 is installed or removed, the tool is connected to the adjustment groove 14, and the tool is used to apply a rotational force to the connecting sleeve 7 to install or remove it. The locking assembly includes at least two evenly distributed sets. In this embodiment, a total of three sets of locking assemblies and three adjustment grooves 14 are included.

[0048] like Figures 1-3 As shown, the connecting sleeve 7 is also provided with a cover plate 8 that is locked onto the connecting boss 4. The upper end surface of the connecting boss 4 includes a serrated locking platform 15, and the lower end surface of the cover plate 8 is provided with a locking platform 2 16 that matches and locks onto the locking platform 15. The cover plate 8 covers the upper end of the connecting sleeve 7, and the two ends of the cover plate 8 are in contact with the upper end surface of the connecting sleeve 7, which can generate pre-pressure on the connecting sleeve 7.

[0049] The lower rail pad 2 and the upper rail pad 1 are respectively provided with a lower transverse shoulder 17 and an upper transverse shoulder 18 on the middle side wall. The upper transverse shoulder 18 and the lower transverse shoulder 17 are used to position and limit the rail pad 21 and the rubber pad 3, which can limit the lateral displacement of the rubber pad 3 and the rail pad 21, reduce the lateral deflection force, and improve the lateral limiting performance.

[0050] At the same time, such as Figure 1 As shown, the rail pad 21 and the rubber pad 3 are respectively provided with rubber boss 1 24 and rubber boss 25, and both rubber boss 1 24 and rubber boss 25 are hemispherical in shape, which can achieve low front stiffness and high rear stiffness, reduce the pressure value of the pre-assembly of the vibration damping fastener, and achieve nonlinear vibration damping effect, thereby improving the vibration damping performance of the vibration damping fastener.

[0051] This embodiment also provides a method for assembling a detachable double-layer nonlinear vibration damping fastener, including the following steps:

[0052] S1: Place the rubber pad 3 on the lower iron pad 2. At this time, the second connecting hole 6 is fitted onto the connecting boss 4, and the connecting boss 4 extends above the second connecting hole 6.

[0053] S2: Place the upper iron pad 1 on the rubber pad 3. At this time, the connecting through hole 5 is fitted onto the connecting boss 4, and the connecting boss 4 extends above the connecting through hole 5.

[0054] S3: Apply pre-compression force to the rubber pad 3, and put the connecting sleeve 7 downward into the connecting through hole 1 5 and the connecting through hole 2 6 and onto the connecting boss 4, and rotate the connecting sleeve 7 so that the abutting block abuts against the abutting groove 11.

[0055] S31: Slide the connecting sleeve 7 downwards onto the connecting boss 4 inside the connecting through hole 1 5 and the connecting through hole 2 6;

[0056] S32: downward pressure is applied from the upper iron pad 1 to the rubber pad 3 to exert downward pre-pressure on the rubber pad 3, and to provide sliding space for the locking block 9;

[0057] S33: the tool is connected with the connecting sleeve 7 in the adjusting groove 14; at this time, the locking block 9 slides along the circumference in the sliding groove 12;

[0058] S34: the limiting block 13 on the locking block 9 slides to abut against the groove 11, and the limiting block 13 abuts against the groove 11.

[0059] S4: the cover plate 8 is placed on the upper iron pad 1; at this time, the clamping table two 16 of the cover plate 8 is matched and clamped on the clamping table one 15 of the connecting boss 4, and the cover plate 8 is locked with the connecting boss 4.

[0060] S5: the rail pad 21 is placed on the rail bearing surface 20, the steel rail 22 is placed on the rail pad 21, and the steel rail 22 is locked through the elastic strip 23.

[0061] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it should be understood that the above-described embodiments are exemplary, and should not be construed as limiting the present application. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, replacements and variations to the above-described embodiments within the scope of the present application.

[0062] The specific embodiments of the present application described above do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of the present application. Any various other corresponding changes and modifications made according to the technical concept of the present application should be included in the scope of protection of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A detachable dual-layer nonlinear vibration-reducing fastener, characterized by, The utility model provides a kind of iron pad, including upper iron pad (1), lower iron pad (2) and rubber pad (3) between upper iron pad (1) and lower iron pad (2), and upper iron pad (1), lower iron pad (2) and rubber pad (3) are respectively integral symmetry structure;Two sides of lower iron pad (2) are symmetrically provided with connecting boss (4), and the both sides of upper iron pad (1) and rubber pad (3) are provided with connecting through hole one (5) and connecting through hole two (6) in matching, and connecting boss (4) is provided in connecting through hole one (5) and connecting through hole two (6);Connecting sleeve (7) is provided on the upper iron pad (1), and connecting sleeve (7) is provided on the outer wall of connecting boss (4), and the inner wall of connecting sleeve (7) is provided with locking assembly in matching, and the cover plate (8) is further provided on connecting sleeve (7) and locked on connecting boss (4);The locking assembly includes locking block (9) on the outer wall of connecting boss (4), locking groove on the inner wall of connecting sleeve (7) to accommodate and clamp locking block (9);The locking groove includes guide groove (10), abutting groove (11) and sliding groove (12) between guide groove (10) and abutting groove (11);The bottom of locking block (9) includes arc-shaped limiting block (13), and the bottom wall of abutting groove (11) is arc-shaped structure matched with limiting block (13), and the bottom wall of abutting groove (11) extends below the bottom wall of sliding groove (12).

2. The detachable dual-layer nonlinear vibration-reducing fastener according to claim 1, wherein, The locking assembly includes at least two groups of uniform distribution;The inner end of the upper end surface of connecting sleeve (7) is further provided with adjusting groove (14) arranged staggered with locking assembly.

3. The detachable dual-layer nonlinear vibration-reducing fastener according to claim 2, wherein, The upper end surface of connecting boss (4) includes serrated clamping post one (15), and the lower end surface of cover plate (8) is provided with clamping post two (16) matched and clamped with clamping post one (15);The cover plate (8) covers the upper end of connecting sleeve (7).

4. The detachable dual-layer nonlinear vibration-reducing fastener according to claim 3, wherein, The middle side wall of lower iron pad (2) and upper iron pad (1) is respectively provided with lower horizontal stop shoulder (17) and upper horizontal stop shoulder (18).

5. The detachable dual-layer nonlinear vibration-reducing fastener according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein, The upper end of upper iron pad (1) further includes elastic strip containing platform (19) inside connecting through hole one (5) and rail bearing surface (20) between elastic strip containing platform (19), and the rail bearing surface (20) includes rail lower pad (21).

6. A method of assembling a detachable double-layer nonlinear vibration-damping fastener, which is characterized by assembling the vibration-damping fastener described in claim 5, wherein It includes the following steps: S1: place rubber pad (3) on lower iron pad (2), at this time, connecting through hole two (6) is sleeved on connecting boss (4), and connecting boss (4) extends above connecting through hole two (6); S2: place upper iron pad (1) on rubber pad (3), at this time, connecting through hole one (5) is sleeved on connecting boss (4), and connecting boss (4) extends above connecting through hole one (5); S3: pre-compression force is applied to rubber pad (3), and connecting sleeve (7) is sleeved on connecting boss (4) in connecting through hole one (5) and connecting through hole two (6) downwards, and connecting sleeve (7) is rotated so that abutting block is abutted in abutting groove (11). S4: Place the cover plate (8) on the upper iron pad (1), at this time the clamping table two (16) of the cover plate (8) matches and engages with the clamping table one (15) of the connecting boss (4), and the cover plate (8) is locked with the connecting boss (4); S5: Place the rail pad (21) on the rail bearing surface (20), place the steel rail (22) on the rail pad (21), and lock the steel rail (22) through the elastic strip (23).

7. The method of claim 6, wherein the method further comprises: S3 includes the following sub-steps: S31: The connecting sleeve (7) is downwardly sleeved on the connecting boss (4) in the connecting through hole one (5) and the connecting through hole two (6); S32: Apply pressure downwardly from the upper iron pad (1) to exert downward pre-pressure on the rubber pad (3) to provide sliding space for the locking block (9); S33: Rotate the connecting sleeve (7) by using a tool, and the tool is connected with the connecting sleeve (7) in the adjusting groove (14); at this time, the locking block (9) slides along the circumferential direction in the sliding groove (12); S34: The limiting block (13) on the locking block (9) slides to the abutting groove (11), and the limiting block (13) abuts in the abutting groove (11).

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