A smart water and fertilizer co-irrigation device

Abstract

This invention discloses an intelligent water and fertilizer co-irrigation device, belonging to the field of agricultural intelligent irrigation technology. It analyzes image data of corresponding work plots, using image processing to identify the characteristic colors of each farmland, and determines the amount and duration of water and fertilizer application based on these colors. This improves the intelligence of the water and fertilizer irrigation device and avoids errors in water and fertilizer application caused by disturbance to the detection equipment. Furthermore, the structure of the water and fertilizer irrigation device is improved. A discharge hole is provided on the lower plate of the discharge tray, allowing small particles to be directly screened into the bottom of the water and fertilizer irrigation section to mix with water. Larger fertilizer particles enter the grinding tank for grinding and are then screened out through small holes at the bottom, entering the water and fertilizer irrigation section where they are further ground by a stirring device, ensuring uniform fertilizer mixing and preventing blockages. In addition, the water and fertilizer irrigation section and the fertilizer grinding section of the water and fertilizer irrigation device in this invention are connected by threads for easy disassembly and cleaning.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of intelligent agricultural irrigation technology, and more specifically to an intelligent water and fertilizer co-irrigation device. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of intelligent equipment, irrigation and fertilization in agriculture can be carried out automatically and in a timely and quantitative manner according to the growth habits of crops, greatly improving the planting environment. Intelligent water and fertilizer irrigation devices mix fertilizer and water and apply them through sprinkler or drip irrigation, effectively improving planting efficiency. However, existing intelligent water and fertilizer irrigation devices have the following problems in use:

[0003] During use, the crushing unit's insufficient processing of raw materials leads to blockages in the discharge pipes of the sap and fertilizer. Furthermore, large-particle sap and fertilizer cannot fully fertilize the crops, reducing their effectiveness. Additionally, the sap and fertilizer contain numerous impurities. Crops require different fertilizers at different growth stages, and residual fertilizer in the containers necessitates cleaning. Existing irrigation systems often require significant manpower and time for cleaning, which is wasteful. Moreover, existing sap and fertilizer irrigation systems primarily focus on the research and design of the irrigation, fertilization, and pesticide application equipment itself, neglecting the expansion and interaction with cloud systems, resulting in low levels of intelligence.

[0004] Therefore, proposing an intelligent water and fertilizer co-irrigation device to improve the irrigation efficiency and intelligence level of water and fertilizer irrigation devices is a problem that urgently needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides an intelligent water and fertilizer co-irrigation device to improve the irrigation efficiency and intelligence level of the water and fertilizer irrigation device.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A smart water and fertilizer co-irrigation device includes:

[0008] The information acquisition unit is used to collect crop information and meteorological information, and to quantify the crop information and meteorological information; among which, crop information includes crop color information;

[0009] The information processing unit is used to determine the crop growth status based on crop color information and meteorological information, and send the crop growth status determination result to the control unit.

[0010] The control unit is used to issue control commands based on the crop growth status determination results, and control the water and fertilizer irrigation equipment to perform corresponding irrigation operations.

[0011] The water and fertilizer irrigation equipment receives control commands from the control unit through a signal receiver and uses the controller to perform irrigation operations;

[0012] The water and fertilizer irrigation equipment includes a water and fertilizer irrigation section and a fertilizer grinding section;

[0013] The water and fertilizer irrigation unit includes a stirring shaft, a discharge plate, and a bottom outer shell. The stirring shaft is installed inside the bottom outer shell, and several stirring devices are installed at the bottom of the stirring shaft. The discharge plate is coaxial with the stirring shaft and is a retractable conical hollow channel. The bottom outer shell is not higher than the lowest position of the discharge plate, and a water inlet is provided on the side. The top of the bottom outer shell is provided with a threaded protrusion.

[0014] The fertilizer grinding section is centered on the stirring shaft and includes an outer shell. The outer shell is an inverted L-shaped hollow cylindrical cavity with a water inlet on the outside and several water outlets on the inward-extending part at the top. The bottom has a recessed part corresponding to the protrusion on the bottom of the outer shell. A grinding groove is installed along the inner side of the outer shell. The discharge plate is placed between the grinding groove and the inward-extending part at the top of the outer shell. The inward-extending part at the top of the outer shell is not higher than the highest position of the discharge plate.

[0015] Preferably, the conical hollow channel consists of an upper panel and a lower panel, with the upper panel being longer than the lower panel; the lower panel is provided with several small discharge ports.

[0016] Preferably, the top of the discharge tray is connected to the discharge device; the bottom of the outer casing is provided with a water outlet, which is opened or closed according to the control command of the control unit; a filter screen is installed inside the water outlet.

[0017] Preferably, the grinding tank is equipped with a screw and a rotating impeller for grinding large-particle fertilizer; the bottom of the grinding tank has multiple filter holes.

[0018] Preferably, the information acquisition unit uses drones to periodically patrol each work site, collects image data of each work site in sequence according to a preset cycle, and transmits the image data to the information processing unit after quantification.

[0019] Preferably, for a single plot of land, the information processing unit uses the colors within a preset range in the image as the characteristic colors of the plot, and obtains crop color information and weather information, including saturation H, hue S and brightness L information.

[0020] For the i-th crop, the information processing unit obtains the characteristic hue H of the i-th crop at each growth stage in each work plot. i Characteristic saturation S i Hue standard error ΔH i and saturation standard error ΔS i The characteristic hue H of the i-th crop i and characteristic saturation Si The growth status of the i-th crop is determined by comparing it with the characteristic hue threshold and characteristic saturation threshold in a preset period of the corresponding plot.

[0021] For a single preset period, the information processing unit obtains the first brightness L. α Second brightness L β Among them, L α L represents the average brightness of the current work sites. β The corresponding brightness for the maximum illuminance that crops can currently withstand in each plot of land, 0 <L α <L β By comparing the characteristic color brightness L of the current work site j With the first brightness L α Second brightness L β Determine the weather conditions at the work site.

[0022] Preferably, the growth states include water shortage state, normal state, and excessive growth state;

[0023] The water shortage state also includes a water shortage healthy state and a water shortage unhealthy state. When the health status is determined to be a water shortage healthy state, the control unit controls the water and fertilizer irrigation equipment to increase the amount of water applied; when the health status is determined to be a water shortage unhealthy state, the control unit controls the water and fertilizer irrigation equipment to increase the amount of water applied and the amount of fertilizer applied.

[0024] If the health status assessment result is normal, the water and fertilizer ratio of the plot will not be adjusted.

[0025] The overgrowth state also includes the overgrowth healthy state and the overgrowth unhealthy state. When the health status is determined to be the overgrowth healthy state, the control unit controls the water and fertilizer irrigation equipment to reduce the amount of water and fertilizer applied. When the health status is determined to be the overgrowth unhealthy state, the control unit controls the water and fertilizer irrigation equipment to reduce the amount of water applied while increasing the amount of fertilizer applied.

[0026] Preferably, the weather conditions include low light conditions, normal light conditions, and strong light conditions;

[0027] When the weather condition is determined to be low light, the control unit controls the water and fertilizer irrigation equipment to shorten the duration of water and fertilizer application;

[0028] When the weather conditions are determined to be normal light conditions, the duration of water and fertilizer application by the irrigation equipment will not be adjusted.

[0029] When the weather condition is determined to be strong light, the control unit controls the water and fertilizer irrigation equipment to increase the duration of water and fertilizer application.

[0030] As can be seen from the above technical solution, compared with the prior art, the present invention discloses an intelligent water and fertilizer co-irrigation device. It analyzes the image data of each corresponding work plot, analyzes the characteristic colors of each farmland through image processing, and determines the amount and duration of water and fertilizer application based on the characteristic colors. This improves the intelligence of the water and fertilizer irrigation device and avoids the problem of incorrect water and fertilizer application due to disturbance of the detection equipment. Furthermore, the structure of the water and fertilizer irrigation device is improved. A discharge hole is set on the lower plate of the discharge tray to directly screen small particles into the bottom of the water and fertilizer irrigation section to mix with water. Larger fertilizer particles enter the grinding tank for grinding and are then screened out through the bottom hole, entering the water and fertilizer irrigation section where they are further ground by a stirring device, ensuring uniform fertilizer mixing and preventing blockage. In addition, the water and fertilizer irrigation section and the fertilizer grinding section of the water and fertilizer irrigation device in this invention are connected by threads for easy disassembly and cleaning. Attached Figure Description

[0031] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0032] Figure 1 This is an overall architecture diagram of the intelligent water and fertilizer co-irrigation device of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the water and fertilizer irrigation equipment in this invention.

[0034] In the diagram, 1-stirring shaft, 11-stirring device, 2-discharge plate, 21-upper panel, 22-lower panel, 3-bottom shell, 4-shell, 5-grinding tank. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] Traditional intelligent water and fertilizer irrigation systems often suffer from pipe blockages due to insufficient fertilizer processing, which negatively impacts crop growth and reduces irrigation effectiveness. Furthermore, they neglect the expansion and interaction of irrigation devices with cloud systems, resulting in low levels of intelligence. Therefore, the embodiments disclosed in this invention analyze image data of each work plot, using image processing to identify the characteristic colors of each farmland. Based on these characteristic colors, the amount and duration of water and fertilizer application are determined, improving the intelligence of the irrigation device. The structure of the irrigation equipment is also improved to prevent pipe blockages.

[0037] This invention discloses an intelligent water and fertilizer co-irrigation device, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it includes:

[0038] The information acquisition unit is used to collect crop information and meteorological information, and to quantify the crop information and meteorological information; among which, crop information includes crop color information.

[0039] Specifically, the information collection unit uses drones to periodically patrol each work site, collects image data of each work site in sequence according to a preset cycle, and transmits the image data to the information processing unit after quantification.

[0040] The information processing unit is used to determine the crop growth status based on crop color information and meteorological information, and send the crop growth status determination result to the control unit; the control unit issues control commands based on the crop growth status determination result to control the water and fertilizer irrigation equipment to perform corresponding irrigation operations.

[0041] After the drone captures images of farmland, the information processing unit receives the image data of the target planting plot identified by the information acquisition unit, performs noise reduction processing on the target plot, and finally obtains a single color in the characteristic color area, including saturation H, hue S and brightness L information.

[0042] Specifically, for the i-th crop, the information processing unit obtains the characteristic hue H of the i-th crop at each growth stage in each work plot. i Characteristic saturation S i Hue standard error ΔH i and saturation standard error ΔS i The characteristic hue H of the i-th crop i and characteristic saturation S i The characteristic hue threshold H of the corresponding plot in a preset period ij and feature saturation threshold S ij Compare and determine the growth status of the i-th crop;

[0043] If H ij <H i -ΔHi The information processing unit initially determined that the crops planted on the plot were in a state of water shortage, and based on the characteristic saturation threshold S... ij The size of the plant is used to further determine its growth status.

[0044] If S ij i +ΔS i The information processing unit determines that the crops planted on the plot are in a healthy state with water shortage, and the control unit controls the water and fertilizer irrigation equipment to increase the amount of water applied.

[0045] If S i +ΔS i ij The information processing unit determines that the crops planted on the plot are in a water-deficient and unhealthy state, and the control unit controls the water and fertilizer irrigation equipment to increase the amount of water and fertilizer applied.

[0046] If H i -ΔH i ≤H ij ≤H i +ΔH i The information processing unit determines that the growth status of the crops planted in this plot is normal and will not adjust the water and fertilizer ratio for this plot.

[0047] If H i +ΔH i <H ij The information processing unit determines that the crops planted on the plot are in an overgrowth state, and based on the characteristic saturation threshold S... ij The size of the plant is used to further determine its growth status.

[0048] If S ij i -ΔS i The information processing unit determines that the growth status of the crops planted on the plot is overgrown and unhealthy, and the control unit controls the water and fertilizer irrigation equipment to reduce the amount of water applied while increasing the amount of fertilizer applied.

[0049] If S i -ΔS i ij The information processing unit determines that the growth status of the crops planted on the plot is in an overgrown healthy state, and the control unit controls the water and fertilizer irrigation equipment to reduce the amount of water and fertilizer applied.

[0050] For a single preset period, the information processing unit obtains the first brightness L. α Second brightness L β Among them, L α L represents the average brightness of the current work sites.​​​​β The corresponding brightness for the maximum illuminance that crops can currently withstand in each plot of land, 0 <L α <L β By comparing the characteristic color brightness L of the current work site j With the first brightness L α Second brightness L β Determine the weather conditions at the work site.

[0051] If L j <L α The information processing unit determines that the weather conditions for the crops planted on the plot are low light conditions, and the control unit controls the water and fertilizer irrigation equipment to shorten the duration of water and fertilizer application.

[0052] If L α ≤L j ≤L β The information processing unit determines that the weather conditions for the crops planted on the plot are normal and does not adjust the duration of water and fertilizer application by the irrigation equipment.

[0053] If L β ≤L j The information processing unit determines that the weather conditions for the crops planted on the plot are strong sunlight conditions, and the control unit controls the water and fertilizer irrigation equipment to increase the duration of water and fertilizer application.

[0054] The water and fertilizer irrigation equipment receives control commands from the control unit via a signal receiver and executes irrigation operations using the controller. The structure of the water and fertilizer irrigation equipment is as follows: Figure 2 As shown:

[0055] The water and fertilizer irrigation equipment includes a water and fertilizer irrigation section and a fertilizer grinding section;

[0056] The water and fertilizer irrigation unit includes a stirring shaft 1, a discharge plate 2, and a bottom outer shell 3. The stirring shaft 1 is installed inside the bottom outer shell 3, and several stirring devices 11 are installed at the bottom of the stirring shaft 1. The discharge plate 2 is coaxially arranged with the stirring shaft 1 and is a retractable conical hollow channel. The bottom outer shell 3 is not higher than the lowest position of the discharge plate 2, and a water inlet is provided on the side. The top of the bottom outer shell 3 is provided with a threaded protrusion.

[0057] The fertilizer grinding section is centered on the stirring shaft 1 and includes a housing 4. The housing 4 is an inverted L-shaped hollow cylindrical cavity with a water inlet on the outside and several water outlets on the inward-extending part at the top. The bottom has a recessed part corresponding to the protrusion on the bottom housing 4. A grinding groove 5 is installed along the inner side of the housing 4. The discharge plate 2 is placed between the grinding groove 5 and the inward-extending part at the top of the housing 4. The inward-extending part at the top of the housing 4 is not higher than the highest position of the discharge plate 2.

[0058] The conical hollow channel is composed of an upper panel 21 and a lower panel 22, with the upper panel 21 being longer than the lower panel 22; the lower panel 22 is provided with several small discharge ports.

[0059] The top of the discharge tray 2 is connected to the discharge device; the bottom of the outer casing 3 is provided with a water outlet, which is opened or closed according to the control command of the control unit; a filter screen is installed inside the water outlet.

[0060] The grinding tank 5 is equipped with a screw and a rotating impeller for grinding large-particle fertilizer; the bottom of the grinding tank 5 has multiple filter holes.

[0061] This embodiment improves the structure of the fertigation equipment. A discharge hole is provided on the lower plate of the discharge tray, allowing small particles to be directly screened into the bottom of the fertigation section and mixed with water. Larger fertilizer particles enter the grinding tank for grinding, then are screened out through small holes at the bottom and enter the fertigation section for further grinding by a stirring device, ensuring uniform mixing and preventing blockage. Furthermore, in this embodiment, the fertigation section and the fertilizer grinding section are connected by threads for easy disassembly and cleaning.

[0062] When the irrigation equipment receives an instruction to increase the water application rate, it opens the valves at the inlet and outlet of the bottom outer shell 3 to irrigate the crops. When the irrigation equipment receives an instruction to increase the fertilizer application rate, it simultaneously opens the inlets on the bottom outer shell 3 and the outer shell 4. At this time, the inward-extending part of the top of the outer shell 4 acts as a spray device, allowing the dispersed fertilizer to be quickly and initially mixed with the dispersed water. This prevents the fertilizer thrown out by the discharge plate 2 from falling onto the inner wall of the outer shell 4, causing the fertilizer to stick to the inner wall. When increasing the fertilizer application rate, the outlet of the bottom outer shell 3 should be closed for a certain period of time before being opened to irrigate the crops. The opening time of the outlet can be set in advance, and it will automatically open after the preset time is reached.

[0063] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on its differences from other embodiments. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to interchangeably. For the apparatus disclosed in the embodiments, since it corresponds to the method disclosed in the embodiments, the description is relatively simple; relevant parts can be referred to the method section.

[0064] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. An intelligent water and fertilizer co-irrigation device, characterized in that, include: The information acquisition unit is used to collect crop information and meteorological information, and to quantify the crop information and meteorological information; among which, crop information includes crop color information; The information processing unit is used to determine the crop growth status based on crop color information and meteorological information, and send the crop growth status determination result to the control unit. The control unit is used to issue control commands based on the crop growth status determination results, and control the water and fertilizer irrigation equipment to perform corresponding irrigation operations. The water and fertilizer irrigation equipment receives control commands from the control unit through a signal receiver and uses the controller to perform irrigation operations; The water and fertilizer irrigation equipment includes a water and fertilizer irrigation section and a fertilizer grinding section; The water and fertilizer irrigation unit includes a stirring shaft (1), a discharge plate (2), and a bottom shell (3). The stirring shaft (1) is installed inside the bottom shell (3), and several stirring devices (11) are installed at the bottom of the stirring shaft (1). The discharge plate (2) is coaxial with the stirring shaft (1) and is a retractable conical hollow channel. The conical hollow channel is composed of an upper panel (21) and a lower panel (22), with the upper panel (21) being longer than the lower panel (22). Several small discharge ports are provided on the lower panel (22). The bottom shell (3) is not higher than the lowest position of the discharge plate (2), and a water inlet is provided on the side. A threaded protrusion is provided at the top of the bottom shell (3). The top of the discharge plate (2) is connected to the discharge device. A water outlet is provided at the bottom of the bottom shell (3), which is opened or closed according to the control command of the control unit. The fertilizer grinding section is centered on the stirring shaft (1) and includes a shell (4). The shell (4) is an inverted L-shaped hollow cylindrical cavity with a water inlet on the outside and several water outlets on the inward-extending part at the top. The bottom has a recessed part corresponding to the protrusion on the bottom shell (4). A grinding tank (5) is installed along the inner side of the shell (4). The discharge plate (2) is placed between the grinding tank (5) and the inward-extending part at the top of the shell (4). The inward-extending part at the top of the shell (4) is not higher than the highest position of the discharge plate (2). A screw and a rotating impeller are installed in the grinding tank (5) for grinding large-particle fertilizer. The bottom of the grinding tank (5) has multiple filter holes. Small discharge holes are set on the lower panel (22) of the discharge plate to directly screen small particles into the bottom of the water and fertilizer irrigation section to mix with water. Large particles of fertilizer enter the grinding tank (5) for grinding and are then screened out through the small holes at the bottom. After entering the water and fertilizer irrigation section, they are further ground by the stirring device. When the water and fertilizer irrigation equipment receives an instruction to increase the amount of fertilizer, it opens the bottom shell (3) and the water inlet on the shell (4) at the same time. At this time, the part of the top of the shell (4) that extends inward is equivalent to a spraying device, which makes the dispersed fertilizer quickly mix with the dispersed water in the initial stage, and prevents the fertilizer thrown out by the discharge plate (2) from falling onto the inner wall of the shell (4).

2. The intelligent water and fertilizer co-irrigation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom shell (3) has a filter screen installed in the water outlet at the bottom.

3. The intelligent water and fertilizer co-irrigation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The information collection unit uses drones to periodically patrol each work site, collects image data of each work site in sequence according to a preset cycle, and transmits the image data to the information processing unit after quantification.

4. A smart water and fertilizer co-irrigation device according to claim 3, characterized in that, For a single plot of land, the information processing unit uses the colors within a preset range in the image as the characteristic colors of that plot, and obtains crop color information and weather information, including saturation H, hue S and brightness L information. For the i-th crop, the information processing unit obtains the characteristic hue of the i-th crop at each growth stage in each work plot. Characteristic saturation Hue standard error and saturation standard error ;The characteristic hue of the i-th crop and characteristic saturation The growth status of the i-th crop is determined by comparing it with the characteristic hue threshold and characteristic saturation threshold in a preset period of the corresponding plot. For a single preset cycle, the information processing unit obtains the first brightness. Second brightness ;in, This represents the average brightness of the current work sites. The corresponding brightness for the maximum illuminance that crops can currently withstand in each plot of land, 0 By comparing the characteristic color brightness of the current work area With first brightness Second brightness Determine the weather conditions at the work site.

5. A smart water and fertilizer co-irrigation device according to claim 4, characterized in that, Growth states include water shortage, normal, and excessive growth. The water shortage state also includes a water shortage healthy state and a water shortage unhealthy state. When the health status is determined to be a water shortage healthy state, the control unit controls the water and fertilizer irrigation equipment to increase the amount of water applied; when the health status is determined to be a water shortage unhealthy state, the control unit controls the water and fertilizer irrigation equipment to increase the amount of water applied and the amount of fertilizer applied. If the health status assessment result is normal, the water and fertilizer ratio of the plot will not be adjusted. The overgrowth state also includes the overgrowth healthy state and the overgrowth unhealthy state. When the health status is determined to be the overgrowth healthy state, the control unit controls the water and fertilizer irrigation equipment to reduce the amount of water and fertilizer applied. When the health status is determined to be the overgrowth unhealthy state, the control unit controls the water and fertilizer irrigation equipment to reduce the amount of water applied while increasing the amount of fertilizer applied.

6. A smart water and fertilizer co-irrigation device according to claim 4, characterized in that, Weather conditions include low light, normal light, and high light. When the weather condition is determined to be low light, the control unit controls the water and fertilizer irrigation equipment to shorten the duration of water and fertilizer application; When the weather conditions are determined to be normal light conditions, the duration of water and fertilizer application by the irrigation equipment will not be adjusted. When the weather condition is determined to be strong light, the control unit controls the water and fertilizer irrigation equipment to increase the duration of water and fertilizer application.

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