An anti-collision buffer

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of buffers, and specifically relates to an anti-collision buffer, comprising a guide member 1, a guide member 2 and a buffer energy-absorbing member, the inner wall of the guide member 2 slides with the outer wall of the guide member 1, and a support member is provided in the guide member 2; the buffer energy-absorbing member is provided in the guide member 1, and the end of the support member abuts against the end of the buffer energy-absorbing member, and energy is absorbed through the deformation of the buffer energy-absorbing member; the buffer energy-absorbing member comprises a plurality of elastic members and a plurality of positioning members, at least one positioning member is provided between two adjacent elastomers, and the two sides of the positioning member are respectively positioned with the two adjacent elastomers through a concave-convex structure, the edge of the positioning member slides with the inner wall of the guide member 1, and the positioning member has an elastic cavity 1, which effectively avoids problems such as jamming and deformation of the intermediate rod, and effectively utilizes the space to set a larger elastomer, thereby improving the buffering performance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of buffers, and in particular relates to an anti-collision buffer. Background Art

[0002] The main function of the coupler buffer in rail vehicles is to connect the locomotive and carriages or carriages together. It is used to alleviate the longitudinal impact and vibration caused by changes in traction during train operation or collisions between vehicles during starting, braking and shunting, as well as the lateral force of the wheels when the vehicle turns, thereby reducing the destructive effects of the vehicle body structure and improving the stability and comfort of train operation.

[0003] Traditional couplers use an intermediate rod in series with an elastomer for positioning, which can lead to the following problems: the intermediate rod positioning is prone to rod wear due to structural design problems, or the elastomer is pressed into the gap between the rod and the partition under extreme conditions, causing jamming; some couplers have thinner rods due to space issues, which can easily cause the rod to bend under certain circumstances, leading to buffer failure; due to the existence of the intermediate rod, space must be reserved during the design process for the intermediate rod after the buffer is deformed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an anti-collision buffer, which effectively avoids problems such as jamming and deformation of the intermediate rod, and effectively utilizes space to set up a larger elastic body to improve the buffering performance.

[0005] The present invention provides an anti-collision buffer, comprising:

[0006] Guide piece 1;

[0007] A second guide member, wherein the inner wall of the second guide member is slidably engaged with the outer wall of the first guide member, and a support member is provided inside the second guide member; and

[0008] A buffering energy absorbing member, wherein the buffering energy absorbing member is arranged in the guide member 1, and the end of the support member abuts against the end of the buffering energy absorbing member, and the buffering energy absorbing member absorbs energy through deformation;

[0009] The buffer energy-absorbing part includes multiple elastic parts and multiple positioning parts. At least one positioning part is provided between two adjacent elastic bodies, and the two sides of the positioning part are respectively positioned with the two adjacent elastic bodies through a concave-convex structure. The edge of the positioning part slides with the inner wall of the guide part, and the positioning part has an elastic cavity.

[0010] Optionally, the positioning member is composed of two partitions, each of which includes a protrusion toward one side and a support portion located at the outer edge of the protrusion. The support portions of the two partitions constituting a positioning member are tightly attached to each other, and the protrusion is embedded in the elastomer.

[0011] Optionally, the cross-sectional shape of the support portion is straight or wavy.

[0012] Optionally, the outer contour of the elastic body is annular in shape and has a second elastic cavity inside.

[0013] Optionally, the thickness of the second elastic cavity gradually increases from the outer edge close to the elastic body to the middle.

[0014] Optionally, an annular groove is provided in the middle of the elastic body, the positioning piece is embedded in the annular groove, and the depth of the annular groove is not less than the height of the protrusion.

[0015] Optionally, the thickness of the elastic body gradually increases from the outer edge to the annular groove.

[0016] Optionally, the guide member 1 includes a cylinder 1 and a buffer plate rigidly connected to one end of the cylinder, the buffer energy-absorbing member is slidably arranged in the cylinder 1, the guide member 2 includes a cylinder 2 and a mounting seat rigidly connected to one end of the cylinder, the cylinder 2 is slidably matched with the cylinder 1, and the support member is rigidly connected to the mounting seat.

[0017] Optionally, a wear-resistant ring is provided in the cylinder body and is in contact with the inner wall. The wear-resistant ring is in sliding cooperation with the positioning member.

[0018] Optionally, a limiting ring is fixedly provided on the outer wall of the guide member 1 to limit the moving distance of the guide member 2 along the guide member 1.

[0019] The beneficial effect of the present invention is that the elastic body and positioning member of the energy-absorbing buffer are positioned using a concave-convex structure, and the end of the support member abuts against the end of the energy-absorbing buffer, making the elastic body and positioning member an integral component. In addition, the edge of the positioning member slides with the inner wall of the guide member. During the energy absorption, contraction, and recovery process, the position of the elastic body and positioning member will not be offset or misaligned due to the concave-convex structure. There is no need for an intermediate rod to connect the elastic body and positioning member in series, thereby avoiding the problem of the elastic body being pressed into the gap between the rod body and the partition under the extreme state, causing jamming and deformation of the intermediate rod. In addition, the space left by the intermediate rod is eliminated, and an elastic body with a relatively large cross-sectional area can be arranged in the same inner wall space of the guide member, thereby improving the buffering performance. In addition, the elastic cavity of the positioning member can provide a buffering effect with an elastic modulus different from that of the elastic body. Through the volume change of the elastic cavity, further energy dissipation can be provided when the elastic body is about to reach the ultimate compression state, thereby improving the buffering capacity of the buffer. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 A schematic cross-sectional view of the anti-collision buffer provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 A schematic cross-sectional view of a buffer energy-absorbing component provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of an elastomer provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the partition provided in the embodiment of the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0024] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the partition provided in the embodiment of the present invention Figure 2 .

[0025] In the figure: 10, guide member 1; 11, cylinder 1; 12, buffer plate; 13, wear-resistant ring; 14, limit ring; 20, guide member 2; 21, cylinder 2; 22, mounting seat; 23, support member; 24, reinforcing rib; 30, buffer energy-absorbing member; 31, elastic member; 311, elastic cavity 2; 312, annular groove; 32, positioning member; 321, protrusion; 322, support member; 323, elastic cavity 1. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] like Figure 1-5 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides an anti-collision buffer, including: a guide member 10, a guide member 20 and a buffer energy absorbing member 30, the inner wall of the guide member 20 slides with the outer wall of the guide member 10, and a support member 23 is provided in the guide member 20; the buffer energy absorbing member 30 is provided in the guide member 10, and the end of the support member 23 abuts against the end of the buffer energy absorbing member 30, and energy is absorbed by deformation of the buffer energy absorbing member 30; the buffer energy absorbing member 30 includes a plurality of elastic members 31 and a plurality of positioning members 32, at least one positioning member 32 is provided between two adjacent elastomers, and the two sides of the positioning member 32 are respectively positioned with the two adjacent elastomers through a concave-convex structure, the edge of the positioning member 32 slides with the inner wall of the guide member 10, and the positioning member 32 has an elastic cavity 1 323.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the anti-collision buffer provided by the present invention has an elastomer and a positioning member 32 of the buffer energy absorbing member 30 positioned by a concave-convex structure, and the end of the support member 23 abuts against the end of the buffer energy absorbing member 30, so that the elastomer and the positioning member 32 become an integral component. In addition, the edge of the positioning member 32 slides with the inner wall of the guide member 10. During the process of energy absorption, contraction and recovery, the positioning position of the elastomer and the positioning member 32 will not be offset or misaligned due to the concave-convex structure, and there is no need for an intermediate rod to connect the elastomer and the positioning member 32 in series, thereby avoiding the problem of the elastomer being pressed into the gap between the rod body and the partition under the extreme state to cause jamming and deformation of the intermediate rod, and eliminating the space left by the intermediate rod. An elastomer with a relatively large cross-sectional area can be arranged in the same inner wall space of the guide member 10, which is beneficial to improving the buffering performance. In addition, the elastic cavity 1 323 of the positioning member 32 can provide a buffering effect with an elastic modulus different from that of the elastomer. Through the volume change of the elastic cavity 1 323, further energy dissipation can be provided when the elastomer is about to reach the ultimate compression state, thereby improving the buffering capacity of the buffer.

[0028] In this embodiment, the positioning member 32 is composed of two partitions, which include a protrusion 321 facing one side and a support portion 322 located at the outer edge of the protrusion 321. The support portions 322 of the two partitions that constitute a positioning member 32 are tightly attached to each other, and the protrusion 321 is embedded in the elastomer.

[0029] Specifically, the positioning member 32 is made of metal material, which includes steel and aluminum alloy, etc. The elastomer can be made of rubber material. According to the shape of the inner wall of the guide member 10, it is generally designed to be cylindrical. The shape of the partition is disc-shaped as a whole, that is, the edge contour of the support part 322 is circular, and the protrusion 321 is relatively low in cost by stamping. Of course, it can also be formed by spinning and turning, where the protrusion 321 can be at the center of the partition, and accordingly, the recessed part of the elastomer is located at the center of the elastomer. Such a setting can ensure that the relative position of the elastomer and the partition is stable while the size of the recessed part of the elastomer is smaller, so that the elastomer has more entities for energy consumption, and the deformation is relatively uniform, and it is relatively easy to manufacture.

[0030] Furthermore, the cross-sectional shape of the support portion 322 is straight or wavy. Specifically, the contours of both sides of the support portion 322 are straight or wavy. The advantage of the straight shape is that it is easy to manufacture and therefore low in cost. The advantage of the wavy shape is that the elastomer can be squeezed in when compressed, increasing the positional stability between the elastomer and the partition. In addition, the wavy support portion 322 can also dissipate energy by deforming when the elastomer is about to reach its ultimate compression state.

[0031] In this embodiment, the outer contour of the elastic body is annular, so that the distances between the edge of the elastic body and the inner wall of the guide member 10 are equal, and the elastic cavity 311 is provided inside.

[0032] Specifically, the outer contour of the elastomer is in the shape of a circular ring. During the molding process, the elastomer can form an elastic cavity 2 311 through a mold or turning. The shape of the elastic cavity 2 311 is annular or circular and surrounds the axis of the elastomer. During the operation of the anti-collision buffer, the elastomer consumes energy through the collapse of the elastic cavity 2 311 and the deformation of the material, thereby achieving a better buffering effect compared to simple material deformation.

[0033] In some embodiments, the elastic body is in the shape of a polygonal ring, and accordingly, the elastic cavity 311 is in the shape of a polygonal ring or polygon. In order to ensure that the distance between each edge of the elastic body and the inner wall of the guide member 10 is equal, the inner wall of the guide member 10 is in the shape of a rectangular cylinder.

[0034] Further, see Figure 3 The thickness of the second elastic cavity 311 gradually increases from the outer edge of the elastic body to the middle. Specifically, in the direction of pressure applied to the elastic body, the distance between the two sides of the second elastic cavity 311 is closest near the outer edge of the elastic body, that is, on the left and right sides. Then, the thickness increases towards the middle component. The trend of increasing thickness is linear and / or curvilinear. The purpose is to ensure that the distance from the inner wall of the second elastic cavity 311 to the outer side of the elastic body is roughly uniform at all points, which can better absorb energy when the second elastic cavity 311 collapses.

[0035] In this embodiment, an annular groove 312 is provided in the middle of the elastomer, and the positioning member 32 is embedded in the annular groove 312, and the depth of the annular groove 312 is not less than the height of the protrusion 321, so that when the elastomer is deformed, the protrusion 321 is not easy to fall out of the annular groove 312.

[0036] In one embodiment, the elastomer is molded in one step, and a through hole is left in the elastomer during the processing. The outer edge of the through hole is the inner edge of the annular groove 312, and is transitioned through an arc surface or a bevel. Correspondingly, the edge of the protrusion 321 is also transitioned through an arc surface or a bevel.

[0037] Of course, in some embodiments, the elastomer is formed by vulcanization bonding of two parts, and no through-holes may be left.

[0038] In this embodiment, the thickness of the elastomer gradually increases from the outer edge to the annular groove 312. In this way, in the initial compression stage of the elastomer, the deformation rate is higher, so that the early stage buffering can be performed more smoothly, so that the buffered object can be better protected.

[0039] In this embodiment, the guide member 10 includes a cylinder 11 and a buffer plate 12 rigidly connected to the end of the cylinder 11, the buffer energy-absorbing member 30 is slidably arranged in the cylinder 11, and the guide member 20 includes a cylinder 21 and a mounting seat 22 rigidly connected to the end of the cylinder 11. The cylinder 21 slides with the cylinder 11, and the support member 23 is rigidly connected to the mounting seat 22.

[0040] Specifically, the cylinder 11 and the buffer plate 12 can be made of steel and fixed by welding, bolting or screws, or they can be formed as a whole through machining; the cylinder 21 and the mounting seat 22 can be made of steel and fixed by welding, bolting or screws, or they can be formed as a whole through machining; the mounting seat 22 is used to be fixedly connected to the buffering object, such as the vehicle body, as part of the coupler, and the buffer plate 12 is used as a collision contact part.

[0041] In this embodiment, a wear-resistant ring 13 is provided in the cylinder 11 and is attached to the inner wall. The wear-resistant ring 13 slides with the positioning member 32, thereby reducing friction and increasing the service life of the anti-collision buffer. The wear-resistant ring 13 and the cylinder 11 are interference fit or screwed or welded or bonded; further, the outer edge of the end of the support member 23 is clearance fit with the wear-resistant ring 13.

[0042] In this embodiment, a limit ring 14 is fixedly provided on the outer wall of the guide member 10 for limiting the moving distance of the guide member 2 20 along the guide member 10. The end of the guide member 2 20 abuts against the limit ring 14 to buffer the energy-absorbing member 30 to its extreme contraction position, thereby preventing the energy-absorbing member 30 from being damaged by excessive compression.

[0043] Furthermore, in order to improve the structural strength of the second guide member 20 without adding excessive weight, 2-6 reinforcing ribs 24 are provided on the second guide member 20 , and the reinforcing ribs 24 are welded and fixed to the second cylinder 21 and the mounting seat 22 .

[0044] See also Figure 4 and Figure 5 The raised portion in the middle of the partition is in the shape of a dish or a raised ring with a through hole in the middle.

[0045] Those skilled in the art should understand that the discussion of any of the above embodiments is merely illustrative and is not intended to imply that the scope of protection of the present application is limited to these examples. In line with the present application, the technical features in the above embodiments or different embodiments may be combined, the steps may be implemented in any order, and there are many other variations of different aspects of one or more embodiments of the present application as described above, which are not provided in detail for the sake of simplicity.

[0046] The one or more embodiments of this application are intended to encompass all such substitutions, modifications, and variations that fall within the broad scope of this application. Therefore, any omissions, modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of one or more embodiments of this application should be included in the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. An anti-collision buffer, characterized in that: include: Guide member 1 (10); A second guide member (20), wherein the inner wall of the second guide member (20) is slidably engaged with the outer wall of the first guide member (10), and a support member (23) is provided inside the second guide member (20); and A buffer energy absorbing member (30), wherein the buffer energy absorbing member (30) is arranged in the guide member 1 (10), and the end of the support member (23) abuts against the end of the buffer energy absorbing member (30), and absorbs energy through deformation of the buffer energy absorbing member (30); The buffer energy-absorbing member (30) includes a plurality of elastic members (31) and a plurality of positioning members (32), at least one positioning member (32) is provided between two adjacent elastic bodies, and both sides of the positioning member (32) are positioned with the two adjacent elastic bodies through a concave-convex structure, the edge of the positioning member (32) is slidably matched with the inner wall of the guide member (10), the positioning member (32) has an elastic cavity (323), and the positioning member (32) provides a buffering effect different from the elastic modulus of the elastic body through its elastic cavity (323), and utilizes the volume change of the elastic cavity (323) to achieve further energy absorption when the elastic body approaches the ultimate compression state, thereby enhancing the buffering performance of the buffer.

2. The anti-collision buffer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning member (32) is composed of two partitions, each of which includes a protruding portion (321) facing one side and a supporting portion (322) located at the outer edge of the protruding portion (321). The supporting portions (322) of the two partitions constituting the positioning member (32) are closely attached to each other, and the protruding portion (321) is embedded in the elastic body.

3. The anti-collision buffer according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cross-sectional shape of the support portion (322) is straight or wavy.

4. The anti-collision buffer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer contour of the elastic body is annular in shape and has an elastic cavity 2 (311) inside.

5. The anti-collision buffer according to claim 4, characterized in that: The thickness of the elastic cavity 2 (311) gradually increases from the outer edge close to the elastic body to the middle.

6. The anti-collision buffer according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that: An annular groove (312) is provided in the middle of the elastic body, the positioning member (32) is embedded in the annular groove (312), and the depth of the annular groove (312) is not less than the height of the protrusion (321).

7. The anti-collision buffer according to claim 6, characterized in that: The thickness of the elastic body gradually increases from the outer edge to the annular groove (312).

8. The anti-collision buffer according to any one of claims 1 to 5 and 7, characterized in that: The guide member 1 (10) includes a cylinder 1 (11) and a buffer plate (12) rigidly connected to the end of the cylinder 1 (11); the buffer energy-absorbing member (30) is slidably arranged in the cylinder 1 (11); the guide member 2 (20) includes a cylinder 2 (21) and a mounting seat (22) rigidly connected to the end of the cylinder 1 (11); the cylinder 2 (21) is slidably matched with the cylinder 1 (11); and the support member (23) is rigidly connected to the mounting seat (22).

9. The anti-collision buffer according to claim 8, characterized in that: A wear-resistant ring (13) is provided in the cylinder body (11) and is fitted to the inner wall. The wear-resistant ring (13) is in sliding engagement with the positioning member (32).

10. The anti-collision buffer according to any one of claims 1-5 and 7, characterized in that: A limiting ring (14) is fixedly provided on the outer wall of the guide member 1 (10) for limiting the moving distance of the guide member 2 (20) along the guide member 1 (10).

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