A damping adjustable cylindrical hydraulic shock absorber and its adjustment method

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of hydraulic shock absorption technology, specifically to a damping adjustable cylindrical hydraulic shock absorber and its adjustment method, comprising: an outer cylinder, within which an inner cylinder is fixedly installed; the outer cylinder is filled with gas required for buffering, and the inner cylinder contains oil required for buffering; a pushing component disposed within the inner cylinder, the inner cylinder also containing a hydraulic buffer mechanism; the pushing component is capable of operating when the vehicle vibrates, and transporting the oil in the inner cylinder to the outer cylinder through the hydraulic buffer mechanism; characterized in that it further comprises: a pneumatic buffer mechanism disposed within the outer cylinder and connected to the pushing component; the pneumatic buffer mechanism is capable of operating when the pushing component moves, and adjusting the pneumatic pressure in the outer cylinder; and an adjusting mechanism disposed within the inner cylinder and connected to the pneumatic buffer mechanism, the adjusting mechanism being capable of driving the pneumatic buffer mechanism to move according to the required damping intensity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of hydraulic shock absorption technology, specifically to a damping adjustable cylindrical hydraulic shock absorber and its adjustment method. Background Technology

[0002] The main function of a shock absorber is to suppress the oscillations caused by the spring's rebound after absorbing shock and the impact from the road surface. When driving over uneven roads, although the shock-absorbing spring can filter out road vibrations, the spring itself will still have reciprocating motion, and the shock absorber is used to suppress this spring bounce.

[0003] If the shock absorbers are too soft, the car body will bounce up and down; if they are too stiff, they will create too much resistance, hindering the proper functioning of the springs. Therefore, different types of shock absorbers play a crucial role in the overall chassis tuning bias. Whether the vehicle's chassis is stiff or soft, whether it prioritizes sportiness or comfort, is closely related to the shock absorbers.

[0004] Existing shock absorbers generally have a limited damping capacity, making it difficult to adaptively change the damping intensity according to the vehicle's vibration amplitude. This leads to reduced vehicle comfort and makes it difficult to adapt to poor road conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a damping adjustable cylindrical hydraulic shock absorber and its adjustment method to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0007] A damping adjustable cylindrical hydraulic shock absorber, comprising:

[0008] An outer cylinder, an inner cylinder fixedly installed inside the outer cylinder, the outer cylinder being filled with gas required for buffering, and the inner cylinder containing oil required for buffering;

[0009] A pushing component is disposed inside the inner cylinder, and a hydraulic buffer mechanism is also disposed inside the inner cylinder. The pushing component can operate when the vehicle vibrates and transport the oil in the inner cylinder to the outer cylinder through the hydraulic buffer mechanism.

[0010] Its characteristic is that it further includes:

[0011] A pneumatic buffer mechanism is disposed inside the outer cylinder and connected to the pushing component. The pneumatic buffer mechanism can operate when the pushing component moves and adjust the air pressure inside the outer cylinder.

[0012] An adjustment mechanism is disposed inside the inner cylinder and connected to the pneumatic buffer mechanism. The adjustment mechanism can drive the pneumatic buffer mechanism to move according to the required damping intensity.

[0013] As a further aspect of the present invention: the pushing assembly includes a piston movably installed inside the inner cylinder, a piston rod fixed on the piston and passing through the inner cylinder, an oil guide pipe connected to the outer wall of the inner cylinder, and the piston rod connected to the pneumatic buffer mechanism.

[0014] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the hydraulic buffer mechanism includes a conveying pipe fixedly installed inside the inner cylinder and arranged symmetrically, with support plates fixed at both ends of the conveying pipe and arranged symmetrically, and an elastic component connected to the support plates and the conveying pipe is provided inside the inner cylinder, and the conveying pipe is connected to the outer cylinder.

[0015] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the elastic component includes a movable rod movably installed inside the delivery pipe and passing through the support plate, one end of the movable rod is fixed with a sealing plate, and springs are sleeved on the movable rod to abut against the sealing plate and the support plate respectively.

[0016] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the pneumatic buffer mechanism includes a floating plate movably installed inside the outer cylinder and sleeved on the inner cylinder, a sealing plate movably installed inside the outer cylinder, and a limiting component connected to the sealing plate inside the outer cylinder, the limiting component being connected to the piston rod and the adjusting mechanism.

[0017] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the limiting component includes a rotating sleeve rotatably installed inside the outer cylinder, the outer wall of the rotating sleeve is provided with symmetrically arranged guide grooves, the sealing plate is fixed with a support rod that engages with the guide grooves, the outer cylinder is provided with an engaging structure connected to the rotating sleeve, and the engaging structure is connected to the adjusting mechanism and the piston rod.

[0018] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the engaging structure includes a hollow rod movably installed inside the rotating sleeve, the hollow rod having a vertical groove inside, and a guide groove communicating with the vertical groove inside the hollow rod;

[0019] The engaging structure also includes a protrusion fixedly installed on the piston rod and engaging with the vertical groove and the guide groove. A limit rod is fixed on the outer wall of the hollow rod. A limit groove is opened on the inner wall of the rotating sleeve to engage with the limit rod. The hollow rod is connected to the adjusting mechanism.

[0020] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the adjusting mechanism includes a lead screw rotatably installed inside the inner cylinder, a threaded sleeve movably installed on the lead screw and threadedly engaged with the lead screw, a limit ring fixed on the hollow rod, and a guide assembly connected to the threaded sleeve and the limit ring provided inside the inner cylinder.

[0021] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the guide assembly includes a guide rod fixedly installed inside the inner cylinder, a guide sleeve movably installed on the guide rod, a connecting plate fixedly connected to the threaded sleeve on the guide sleeve, and the connecting plate movably connected to the limiting ring.

[0022] A method for adjusting a damping-adjustable cylindrical hydraulic shock absorber includes the following steps:

[0023] Step 1: When the vehicle passes over a bumpy road, the push component is activated, and the oil in the inner cylinder is transported to the outer cylinder through the hydraulic buffer mechanism. Under the action of hydraulic pressure, the push component is initially buffered.

[0024] Step 2: If the vehicle is bumpy, the push component continues to move, which in turn drives the pneumatic buffer mechanism to move, increasing the air pressure inside the outer cylinder. Under the action of air pressure and oil pressure, the push component is further buffered.

[0025] Step 3: If it is necessary to adjust the buffering force of the pneumatic buffer mechanism on the pushing component, the adjusting mechanism moves, which drives the pneumatic buffer mechanism to move, thereby achieving the effect of changing the buffering force provided by the air pressure inside the outer cylinder to the pushing component when the pushing component is subjected to the same force.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The present application can provide a certain shock absorption effect to the piston under the action of oil and gas. When the pushing component moves, the oil will be controlled to be transported to the outer cylinder through the oil pressure buffer mechanism. Under the action of the oil, the pushing component is provided with a certain buffer effect. As the pushing component continues to move, the pushing component will drive the pneumatic buffer mechanism to move, so that the gas pressure increases, so as to provide buffer force to the pushing component through the air pressure. If it is necessary to adjust the air pressure, the adjustment mechanism moves, driving the pneumatic buffer mechanism to move, so as to change the pressure and achieve the effect of freely adjusting the shock absorption force. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of a cylindrical hydraulic shock absorber with adjustable damping.

[0028] Figure 2 This is a half-sectional schematic diagram of one embodiment of a damping adjustable cylindrical hydraulic shock absorber.

[0029] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point A in the middle.

[0030] Figure 4 This is an exploded structural diagram of the push assembly and part of the pneumatic buffer mechanism in one embodiment of a damping adjustable cylindrical hydraulic shock absorber.

[0031] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection relationship between the push assembly, the pneumatic buffer mechanism, and the adjustment mechanism in one embodiment of a damping adjustable cylindrical hydraulic shock absorber.

[0032] Figure 6 This is an exploded structural diagram of the adjustment mechanism and part of the pneumatic buffer mechanism in one embodiment of a damping adjustable cylindrical hydraulic shock absorber.

[0033] Figure 7 This is an exploded structural diagram of the hydraulic buffer mechanism in one embodiment of a damping adjustable cylindrical hydraulic shock absorber.

[0034] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a portion of the pneumatic buffer mechanism in one embodiment of a damping-adjustable cylindrical hydraulic shock absorber.

[0035] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a portion of the pneumatic buffer mechanism in one embodiment of a damping adjustable cylindrical hydraulic shock absorber.

[0036] In the diagram: 1. Outer cylinder; 2. Inner cylinder; 3. Oil guide pipe; 4. Piston rod; 5. Piston; 6. Protrusion; 7. Rotating sleeve; 8. Hollow rod; 9. Limiting ring; 10. Lead screw; 11. Threaded sleeve; 12. Connecting plate; 13. Guide rod; 14. Guide sleeve; 15. Vertical groove; 16. Guide groove; 17. Sealing plate; 18. Support rod; 19. Guide groove; 20. Delivery pipe; 21. Support plate; 22. Movable rod; 23. Sealing plate; 24. Spring; 25. Floating plate. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] Furthermore, elements in this invention are referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another element, which may be directly on the other element or may also include an intervening element. When an element is considered to be "connected" to another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or may also include an intervening element. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementations.

[0039] Please see Figures 1-9In this embodiment of the invention, a damping adjustable cylindrical hydraulic shock absorber includes: an outer cylinder 1, an inner cylinder 2, a pushing component, a hydraulic buffer mechanism, a pneumatic buffer mechanism, and an adjusting mechanism. Under the action of hydraulic fluid and gas, a certain damping force is provided to the pushing component. When the pushing component moves, hydraulic fluid is controlled to be delivered to the outer cylinder 1 through the hydraulic buffer mechanism, providing a certain buffering effect to the pushing component. As the pushing component continues to move, it drives the pneumatic buffer mechanism to move, increasing the gas pressure to provide buffering force to the pushing component. If it is necessary to adjust the gas pressure, the adjusting mechanism moves, driving the pneumatic buffer mechanism to move, thus changing the pressure and achieving the effect of freely adjusting the damping force.

[0040] An outer cylinder 1 is provided, and an inner cylinder 2 is fixedly installed inside the outer cylinder 1. The outer cylinder 1 is filled with the gas required for buffering, and the inner cylinder 2 contains the oil required for buffering.

[0041] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 A pushing component is disposed inside the inner cylinder 2. The pushing component includes a piston 5 movably installed inside the inner cylinder 2. A piston rod 4 is fixed on the piston 5 and passes through the inner cylinder 2. An oil guide pipe 3 is connected to the outer wall of the inner cylinder 2. The piston rod 4 is connected to the pneumatic buffer mechanism.

[0042] In detail, the piston rod 4 is connected to the vehicle and can move when the vehicle passes over bumpy roads. In the initial state, the piston rod 4 is located at the end of its stroke away from the bottom of the inner cylinder 2. The space formed by the piston 5 and the inner cylinder 2 is filled with buffering oil. The two ends of the oil guide pipe 3 are located on both sides of the piston 5. When the piston rod 4 moves towards the inner cylinder 2, it drives the piston 5 to move. Under the action of the piston 5, the oil is pushed to move, which increases the pressure of the oil. The oil will be delivered to the top of the piston 5 through the oil guide pipe 3. Since the compression of the oil is greater than the amount delivered through the oil guide pipe 3, the oil will also drive the hydraulic buffer mechanism to move, so that the oil enters the outer cylinder 1. Under the action of the oil, it plays a buffering role on the piston 5.

[0043] Preferably, when the piston rod 4 is subjected to a large force, the stroke of the piston 5 increases. When the piston 5 passes the connection port of the oil guide pipe 3, the oil cannot be discharged through the oil guide pipe 3. At this time, the oil can only be discharged through the oil pressure buffer mechanism, which reduces the discharge rate of the oil and thus increases the buffering force of the oil on the piston 5.

[0044] Please see Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 7The inner cylinder 2 is also equipped with a hydraulic buffer mechanism. The pushing component can be activated when the vehicle vibrates, and the oil in the inner cylinder 2 is transported to the outer cylinder 1 through the hydraulic buffer mechanism. The hydraulic buffer mechanism includes a conveying pipe 20 fixedly installed in the inner cylinder 2 and arranged symmetrically. Support plates 21 are fixed at both ends of the conveying pipe 20 and arranged symmetrically. An elastic component connected to the support plates 21 and the conveying pipe 20 is provided in the inner cylinder 2. The conveying pipe 20 is connected to the outer cylinder 1. The elastic component includes a movable rod 22 movably installed in the conveying pipe 20 and passing through the support plate 21. A sealing plate 23 is fixed at one end of the movable rod 22. Springs 24 are sleeved on the movable rod 22 and respectively abut against the sealing plate 23 and the support plate 21.

[0045] It should be noted that the delivery pipe 20 is symmetrically arranged, with larger dimensions in the middle and at both ends, and smaller dimensions on both sides of the middle section, which are the same size as the sealing plate 23. Initially, the spring 24 is in its normal state, causing the two movable rods 22 to be at the end of their strokes in the direction of mutual approach. The two sealing plates 23 are located in the smaller-sized sections on both sides of the middle section of the delivery pipe 20, thus sealing the delivery pipe 20. When the piston rod 4 moves, it drives the piston 5 to move, increasing the oil pressure. Under the action of the oil pressure, the sealing plates located in the inner cylinder 2 are pushed. The plate 23 moves toward the middle position of the conveying pipe 20, causing the movable rod 22 connected to it to move. The oil will enter the middle position of the conveying pipe 20. At this time, the oil will push the sealing plate 23 located in the outer cylinder 1 to move, causing the sealing plate 23 to move toward the inner wall of the outer cylinder 1 in the direction of the conveying pipe 20, and drive the movable rod 22 connected to it to move, so that the spring 24 is compressed. When the sealing plate 23 moves to the larger part of one end of the conveying pipe 20, the oil will be discharged into the outer cylinder 1 through the conveying pipe 20. Under the action of the oil, it provides a certain buffering force for the piston 5.

[0046] Preferably, similarly, when the piston 5 is reset, under the action of air pressure, the oil flows back into the inner cylinder 2, and the oil will push the two sealing plates 23 to move, so that the delivery pipe 20 is opened again, thereby ensuring that the oil can always buffer the piston 5.

[0047] Its characteristic is that it further includes:

[0048] Please see Figure 2 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 8 , Figure 9A pneumatic buffer mechanism is disposed inside the outer cylinder 1 and connected to the pushing assembly. The pneumatic buffer mechanism can operate when the pushing assembly moves and adjust the air pressure inside the outer cylinder 1. The pneumatic buffer mechanism includes a floating plate 25 movably installed inside the outer cylinder 1 and sleeved on the inner cylinder 2. A sealing plate 17 is also movably installed inside the outer cylinder 1. A limiting assembly connected to the sealing plate 17 is disposed inside the outer cylinder 1. The limiting assembly is connected to the piston rod 4 and the adjusting mechanism. The limiting assembly includes a rotating sleeve 7 rotatably installed inside the outer cylinder 1. The outer wall of the rotating sleeve 7 has symmetrically arranged guide grooves 19. The sealing plate 17 is fixed with a... The guide groove 19 engages with the support rod 18. The outer cylinder 1 is provided with an engaging structure connected to the rotating sleeve 7. The engaging structure is connected to the adjusting mechanism and the piston rod 4. The aforementioned engaging structure includes a hollow rod 8 movably installed in the rotating sleeve 7. A vertical groove 15 is opened in the hollow rod 8. A guide groove 16 communicating with the vertical groove 15 is also opened in the hollow rod 8. The engaging structure also includes a protrusion 6 fixedly installed on the piston rod 4 and engaging with the vertical groove 15 and the guide groove 16. A limit rod is fixed on the outer wall of the hollow rod 8. A limit groove engaging with the limit rod is opened on the inner wall of the rotating sleeve 7. The hollow rod 8 is connected to the adjusting mechanism.

[0049] Furthermore, gas is filled between the floating plate 25 and the sealing plate 17. The guide groove 19 is spirally arranged, and the guide groove 16 is also spirally arranged. In the initial state, the piston rod 4 is located outside the hollow rod 8, and the support rod 18 is located at the end of its stroke on one side of the guide groove 19. At this time, the distance between the floating plate 25 and the sealing plate 17 is the largest, and the gas pressure inside is the smallest. When the piston 5 moves, the oil will enter the outer cylinder 1 and drive the floating plate 25 to move towards the sealing plate 17, thereby increasing the gas pressure. If the piston rod 4 is subjected to a large force, the piston rod 4 will enter the hollow rod 8, causing the protrusion 6 to enter the vertical groove 15. As the piston rod 4 continues to move, the protrusion 6 will... The hollow rod 8 rotates as it enters the guide groove 16. Because the limiting rod engages with the limiting groove, the rotating sleeve 7 rotates, thereby driving the guide groove 19 to move. Under the action of the guide groove 19 and the support rod 18, the sealing plate 17 is controlled to move towards the floating plate 25, increasing the air pressure and thus increasing the buffering force on the piston 5. When the piston rod 4 resets, the hollow rod 8 rotates towards the initial angle under the action of the protrusion 6, driving the rotating sleeve 7 to rotate. Through the action of the guide groove 19 and the support rod 18, the sealing plate 17 is controlled to reset. Repeating the above steps achieves the effect that as the stroke of the piston rod 4 increases, the supporting force provided by the oil and gas to the piston 5 gradually increases.

[0050] Please see Figure 2 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 An adjustment mechanism is disposed within the inner cylinder 2 and connected to the pneumatic buffer mechanism. The adjustment mechanism can drive the pneumatic buffer mechanism to move according to the required damping intensity. The adjustment mechanism includes a lead screw 10 rotatably installed within the inner cylinder 2. A threaded sleeve 11 threadedly engaged with the lead screw 10 is movably installed on the lead screw 10. A limit ring 9 is fixed on the hollow rod 8. A guide assembly connected to the threaded sleeve 11 and the limit ring 9 is disposed within the inner cylinder 2. The guide assembly includes a guide rod 13 fixedly installed within the inner cylinder 2. A guide sleeve 14 is movably installed on the guide rod 13. A connecting plate 12 fixedly connected to the threaded sleeve 11 is fixed on the guide sleeve 14. The connecting plate 12 is movably connected to the limit ring 9.

[0051] Furthermore, if it is necessary to adjust the gas support force on piston 5, the mating position of protrusion 6 and guide groove 16 can be adjusted. When it is necessary to increase the gas buffering force, the lead screw 10 rotates, driving the threaded sleeve 11 to move, thereby driving the connecting plate 12 to move. The connecting plate 12 will also drive the guide sleeve 14 to move along the length direction of the guide rod 13. The guide sleeve 14 and the guide rod 13 have a guiding function, ensuring that the threaded sleeve 11 moves along the length direction of the lead screw 10 and does not rotate with the lead screw 10. The connecting plate 12 will also... The limiting ring 9 moves, which in turn moves the hollow rod 8 away from the rotating sleeve 7. At this time, the distance between the vertical groove 15 and the guide groove 16 and the piston rod 4 becomes smaller. Therefore, when the piston rod 4 moves the same distance, the amount of rise of the sealing plate 17 increases, which increases the gas pressure and thus increases the buffering force on the piston 5. Similarly, if it is necessary to reduce the gas buffering force, the lead screw 10 reverses, thereby increasing the distance between the vertical groove 15 and the guide groove 16 and the piston rod 4, so as to achieve the effect of freely adjusting the buffering force on the piston 5.

[0052] A method for adjusting a damping-adjustable cylindrical hydraulic shock absorber includes the following steps:

[0053] Step 1: When the vehicle passes over a bumpy road, the push component is activated, and the oil in the inner cylinder 2 is transported to the outer cylinder 1 through the hydraulic buffer mechanism. Under the action of hydraulic pressure, the push component is initially buffered.

[0054] Step 2: If the vehicle is bumpy, the push component continues to move and drives the pneumatic buffer mechanism to move, which increases the air pressure in the outer cylinder 1. Under the action of air pressure and oil pressure, the push component is further buffered.

[0055] Step 3: If it is necessary to adjust the buffering force of the pneumatic buffer mechanism on the pushing component, the adjusting mechanism moves, which drives the pneumatic buffer mechanism to move, thereby achieving the effect of changing the buffering force provided by the air pressure inside the outer cylinder 1 on the pushing component when the pushing component is subjected to the same force.

[0056] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0057] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A damping adjustable cylindrical hydraulic shock absorber, comprising: An outer cylinder (1) is fixedly installed inside the outer cylinder (1). The outer cylinder (1) is filled with the gas required for buffering, and the inner cylinder (2) contains the oil required for buffering. A push assembly is provided inside the inner cylinder (2). The inner cylinder (2) is also provided with a hydraulic buffer mechanism. The push assembly can operate when the vehicle vibrates and transport the oil in the inner cylinder (2) to the outer cylinder (1) through the hydraulic buffer mechanism. The actuating assembly includes a piston (5) movably mounted inside the inner cylinder (2), and a piston rod (4) is fixed on the piston (5) through the inner cylinder (2). Its characteristic is that it further includes: A pneumatic buffer mechanism is disposed inside the outer cylinder (1) and connected to the pushing component. The pneumatic buffer mechanism can operate when the pushing component moves and adjust the air pressure inside the outer cylinder (1). An adjustment mechanism is provided inside the inner cylinder (2) and connected to the pneumatic buffer mechanism. The adjustment mechanism can drive the pneumatic buffer mechanism to move according to the required damping intensity. The space formed by the piston (5) and the inner cylinder (2) is filled with buffer oil. When the piston rod (4) moves toward the inner cylinder (2), it drives the piston (5) to move. Under the action of the piston (5), the oil moves, which increases the pressure of the oil. The oil will be transported to the top of the piston (5) through the oil guide pipe (3). Since the compression of the oil is greater than the amount transported through the oil guide pipe (3), the oil will also drive the oil pressure buffer mechanism to move, so that the oil enters the outer cylinder (1).

2. The adjustable damping cylindrical hydraulic shock absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that, An oil guide pipe (3) is connected to the outer wall of the inner cylinder (2), and the piston rod (4) is connected to the pneumatic buffer mechanism.

3. The adjustable damping cylindrical hydraulic shock absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hydraulic buffer mechanism includes a conveying pipe (20) fixedly installed inside the inner cylinder (2) and arranged symmetrically. Support plates (21) are fixed at both ends of the conveying pipe (20) and arranged symmetrically. An elastic component connected to the support plate (21) and the conveying pipe (20) is provided inside the inner cylinder (2). The conveying pipe (20) is connected to the outer cylinder (1).

4. The adjustable damping cylindrical hydraulic shock absorber according to claim 3, characterized in that, The elastic component includes a movable rod (22) that is movably installed inside the delivery pipe (20) and passes through the support plate (21). One end of the movable rod (22) is fixed with a sealing plate (23), and a spring (24) is sleeved on the movable rod (22) that abuts against the sealing plate (23) and the support plate (21) respectively.

5. A damping adjustable cylindrical hydraulic shock absorber according to claim 2, characterized in that, The air pressure buffer mechanism includes a floating plate (25) movably installed inside the outer cylinder (1) and sleeved on the inner cylinder (2). A sealing plate (17) is also movably installed inside the outer cylinder (1). A limiting component connected to the sealing plate (17) is provided inside the outer cylinder (1). The limiting component is connected to the piston rod (4) and the adjusting mechanism.

6. A damping-adjustable cylindrical hydraulic shock absorber according to claim 5, characterized in that, The limiting assembly includes a rotating sleeve (7) rotatably installed inside the outer cylinder (1). The outer wall of the rotating sleeve (7) is provided with symmetrically arranged guide grooves (19). A support rod (18) that engages with the guide groove (19) is fixed on the sealing plate (17). The outer cylinder (1) is provided with an engaging structure that connects to the rotating sleeve (7). The hollow rod (8) in the engaging structure is connected to the adjusting mechanism through a limiting ring (9). The engaging structure in the limiting assembly is connected to the piston rod (4).

7. A damping adjustable cylindrical hydraulic shock absorber according to claim 6, characterized in that, The engaging structure includes a hollow rod (8) movably installed inside the rotating sleeve (7), a vertical groove (15) is provided inside the hollow rod (8), and a guide groove (16) communicating with the vertical groove (15) is also provided inside the hollow rod (8). The engaging structure also includes a protrusion (6) fixedly installed on the piston rod (4) and engaging with the vertical groove (15) and the guide groove (16). A limit rod is fixed on the outer wall of the hollow rod (8). A limit groove is provided on the inner wall of the rotating sleeve (7) to engage with the limit rod. The hollow rod (8) is connected to the adjusting mechanism.

8. A damping adjustable cylindrical hydraulic shock absorber according to claim 7, characterized in that, The adjustment mechanism includes a lead screw (10) rotatably installed inside the inner cylinder (2), a threaded sleeve (11) movably installed on the lead screw (10) and threadedly engaged with the lead screw (10), a limit ring (9) fixed on the hollow rod (8), and a connecting plate (12) in the guide assembly located inside the inner cylinder (2) connected to the threaded sleeve (11) and the limit ring (9) respectively.

9. A damping adjustable cylindrical hydraulic shock absorber according to claim 8, characterized in that, The guide assembly includes a guide rod (13) fixedly installed inside the inner cylinder (2), a guide sleeve (14) movably installed on the guide rod (13), a connecting plate (12) fixedly connected to the threaded sleeve (11) on the guide sleeve (14), and the connecting plate (12) movably connected to the limiting ring (9).

10. A method for adjusting a damping adjustable cylindrical hydraulic shock absorber, employing the damping adjustable cylindrical hydraulic shock absorber as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: When the vehicle passes over a pothole, the push assembly is activated and the oil in the inner cylinder (2) is transported to the outer cylinder (1) through the oil pressure buffer mechanism. Under the action of oil pressure, the push assembly is initially buffered. Step 2: If the vehicle bumps significantly, the push component continues to move and drives the air pressure buffer mechanism to move, which increases the air pressure inside the outer cylinder (1). Under the action of air pressure and oil pressure, it further buffers the push component. Step 3: If it is necessary to adjust the buffering force of the air pressure buffer mechanism on the push component, the adjustment mechanism moves and drives the air pressure buffer mechanism to move, thereby achieving the effect of changing the buffering force provided by the air pressure inside the outer cylinder (1) on the push component when the push component is subjected to the same force.

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