An experimental apparatus for simulating water flow in a generalized urban block

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of fluid mechanics experimental equipment, and discloses a kind of test device for simulating the flow of water flow in city generalized block, comprising: bottom water tank, water delivery pipeline, flow channel assembly consisting of water passage, measuring open channel, triangular weir, flat-top weir, the height of flat-top weir is adjustable and the end is provided with flow guide port, and the intersection of each water passage intersection is provided with detachable adjusting plate.The present application simulates the street of city generalized block by water passage in each flow channel assembly, changes the installation position of baffle at intersection to make the model form different water flow layout forms, changes the water level by adjusting the height of flat-top weir, and the V-shaped flow guide port can play the role of confluence, so that the water level line can be measured more accurately, the flow in measuring open channel can be measured by triangular weir to deduce the flow of water passage, and finally the relationship between water depth, flow pattern and flow under different block layout can be obtained through experiment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of fluid mechanics experimental equipment, and specifically relates to an experimental device for simulating water flow in a generalized urban street. Background Technology

[0002] Against the backdrop of urbanization and climate change, urban flooding has caused enormous economic losses and serious casualties. Due to the complex layout of urban blocks and the complicated local precipitation patterns, how to quickly and accurately issue early warnings of urban flooding and take emergency response measures is a current hot issue.

[0003] Accurate simulation of urban street flooding is a crucial tool for urban flood risk management. Research has shown a relationship between water level and flow distribution within a street block and its layout. If an effective physical simulation model could be developed to generalize urban streets and simulate flooding processes based on common water flow convergence patterns, extracting detailed flow characteristic data, it would provide strong theoretical support and a solid foundation for urban flood disaster prevention and control, offering significant reference value. However, existing urban street flooding models cannot simulate the evolution of urban flooding under different scenarios with varying street flow layouts, and therefore cannot analyze and verify the impact of urban street layout on water depth and flow zoning, or other flow patterns.

[0004] Patent document with application number "CN202120610823.1" discloses an urban flood disaster simulation experimental device, including: an experimental platform, an experimental model, a placement slot, a fastening mechanism, a cylinder, a fastening block, a control column, a reset mechanism, a circular plate, a torsion spring, an arc-shaped block, a square card plate, an opening slot, a circular hole, a circular groove, a square card block, and a square card slot used in combination. This solves the problem that existing flood disaster simulation experimental devices are inconvenient for users to limit the experimental model, and the experimental model is prone to large displacement due to external force collisions, thus affecting the accuracy of experimental data. However, according to the specification and corresponding drawings of the prior art document, the experimental model of its experimental platform is fixed, and it is impossible to switch different street layout forms, and it is also impossible to accurately obtain the flow zoning under different street layouts. It cannot provide relevant verification data and theoretical basis for numerical model simulation of flooding processes in complex streets.

[0005] The above background information is provided only to aid in understanding the inventive concept and technical solution of this invention. It does not necessarily belong to the prior art of this patent application. In the absence of clear evidence that the above information was disclosed on the filing date of this patent application, the above background information should not be used to evaluate the novelty and inventiveness of this application. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide an experimental device for simulating water flow in a generalized urban block, thereby overcoming the shortcomings of existing urban flood disaster experimental devices that cannot accurately adjust water level changes to obtain corresponding flow rates under different water flow layouts, and cannot verify the relationship between water depth, water flow pattern, and flow rate under different block layouts.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides an experimental device for simulating water flow in a generalized urban street, comprising: a bottom water tank, wherein a plurality of water supply pipes are provided on the side of the bottom water tank, and a top opening is provided on the top of the bottom water tank; and multiple flow channel assemblies, each of which includes a water passage and a measuring channel, wherein the water passages are arranged above the bottom water tank in a mutually intersecting manner, and a plurality of intersections are formed at the intersections of the water passages, wherein a removable baffle is provided at each intersection, and a guide water tank assembly is provided at one end of each water passage, and the outlet end of the water supply pipes extends into the bottom water tank. Within the water diversion tank assembly, an outlet is provided at the other end of the water passage. The measuring channel is located between the water passage and the bottom water tank. One end of the measuring channel is located below the outlet, and the other end extends to the top of the water tank and is provided with a triangular weir. A detachable flat-top weir is provided at the outlet, which can block part of the outlet. The top height of the flat-top weir is adjustable. Several guide channels are arranged side by side on the side of the flat-top weir facing the water passage. The guide channels extend outward from the top of the flat-top weir to form a guide opening, which is V-shaped.

[0008] Preferably, in the above technical solution, the water supply pipeline is equipped with a water pump and an electromagnetic flow meter, and water valves are respectively provided at both ends of the water pump.

[0009] Preferably, in the above technical solution, the guide water tank assembly includes an inlet water tank, the top of the inlet water tank has an inlet port, the side of the inlet water tank has an outlet port, the outlet port is connected to the inlet port, the outlet end of the water supply pipeline extends into the inlet water tank from the inlet port, and the outlet port is connected to one end of the water passage.

[0010] Preferably, the above technical solution further includes a partition, which is vertically fixed inside the water inlet tank, thereby dividing the water inlet tank into an inlet chamber and a buffer chamber. The water inlet is connected to the top of the water inlet chamber, and the water outlet is connected to the top of the buffer chamber. A water outlet is provided at the bottom of the partition, which connects the bottom of the water inlet chamber and the bottom of the buffer chamber.

[0011] Preferably, in the above technical solution, a plurality of guide plates are connected between the edge of the water outlet and the side wall of the water passage, and the guide plates enable the water outlet to transition to the water passage in an arc.

[0012] Preferably, in the above technical solution, magnetic suction parts are provided on both sides of the intersection, and the two ends of the baffle can be fixedly connected to the side wall of the water passage by mutual attraction with the magnetic suction parts.

[0013] Preferably, in the above technical solution, the magnetic suction part is recessed inward from the side wall of the water passage to form a groove, the depth of the groove is consistent with the thickness of the baffle, and when the baffle is attracted to the magnetic suction part, the surface of the baffle is flush with the inner wall of the water passage.

[0014] Preferably, the above technical solution further includes a vertically arranged drainage channel, one end of which is connected to the outlet, and the other end of which extends to one end of the measuring channel. Side plates are provided on both sides of the drainage channel, and through holes are provided on the side plates. Connecting bolts are provided on both sides of the flat-top weir, and the connecting bolts can pass through the through holes to fix the flat-top weir and the side plates to each other.

[0015] Preferably, in the above technical solution, the bottom of the flat-top weir is provided with a connecting seat, and the connecting seat has screw holes on both sides that match the connecting bolts. On the side of the connecting seat away from the outlet, a number of deformation ports are arranged side by side, and the positions of the screw holes correspond to the positions of the deformation ports. On the side of the flat-top weir opposite to the water passage, a number of deformation grooves are provided, and the positions of the deformation grooves correspond to the positions of the deformation ports. On the side of the connecting seat facing the outlet, a number of insert rods are provided, and a insertion hole is provided at the other end of the water passage. The insert rods can be inserted into the insertion hole so that the connecting seat and the other end of the water passage are aligned with each other. The deformation grooves and the guide grooves are parallel to each other and staggered in position.

[0016] Preferably, the above technical solution further includes an adjusting plate, which is curved in the shape of the guide channel and fits against the side of the flat-top weir facing the outlet. The adjusting plate can slide outward from the guide port. A fixing plate is provided on each side of the adjusting plate. The fixing plate is sandwiched between the connecting seat and the side plate. An elongated hole is opened on the fixing plate, and the connecting bolt can pass through the elongated hole. The length direction of the elongated hole is consistent with the direction of the guide channel.

[0017] Compared with existing technologies, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0018] 1. The experimental device for simulating water flow in a generalized urban block in this invention simulates the streets of a generalized urban block through the water passages in each flow channel component. By changing the installation position of the baffles at the intersections, the model can form different water flow layouts. The water level can be changed by adjusting the height of the flat-topped weir, and the V-shaped guide can play a confluence role, thereby enabling more accurate water level measurement. The flow rate in the open channel can be measured through the triangular weir, and the flow rate of the water passage can be deduced from it. Finally, the relationship between water depth, water flow pattern and flow rate under different block layouts can be obtained through experiments.

[0019] 2. The flat-top weir in this invention can be replaced with flat-top weirs of different guide port widths as needed for data collection. Furthermore, an adjustable plate that can slide outward is installed at the top of the flat-top weir. The connecting bolts can not only fix the flat-top weir but also clamp and fix the fixing plate on the side of the adjustable plate when tightened, thereby limiting the downward movement of the adjustable plate.

[0020] 3. In this invention, the bottom of the flat-top weir is installed at the outlet via a connecting seat. A plug rod is provided on the side of the connecting seat, and a plug hole is provided at the end of the water passage. The plug rod is inserted into the plug hole, which makes it easy to align the connecting seat and the water passage during installation so as to align the screw holes and through holes and tighten the connecting bolts. Furthermore, the cooperation between the plug hole and the plug rod can prevent the flat-top weir from tilting or falling when the water flow impacts the top of the flat-top weir.

[0021] 4. The connecting seat in this invention has several deformation openings. When the connecting bolts are tightened from both sides of the connecting seat, a certain elastic deformation can be generated at the deformation openings, so that the two sides of the connecting seat and the side plate can be tightly fitted together, thereby giving the fixing plate a greater clamping force.

[0022] 5. The inlet water tank in this invention can collect and buffer the water flow from the water supply pipeline, thereby allowing the water flow to slowly enter the water passage from the outlet of the water tank, ensuring stability when measuring the water level. A baffle is also installed inside the water tank to separate the water tank into an inlet chamber and a buffer chamber, allowing the water flow to pass through the water outlet below the baffle, thus reducing fluctuations at the outlet of the water tank. In addition, multiple arc-shaped guide plates are connected between the outlet of the water tank and the water passage, which can also better play the role of turbulence in the inlet water flow.

[0023] 6. The intersection of the present invention is provided with a magnetic suction part. The edge of the baffle can be attracted to the magnetic suction part to fix the baffle at the intersection. The magnetic suction installation can effectively avoid the problem of turbulence at the protrusion and concave part when the threaded buckle is installed. In addition, the slot can make the surface of the baffle flush with the inner wall of the water passage when the baffle and the magnetic suction part are attracted to each other, thereby reducing the interference to the water flow.

[0024] 7. The flow channel in the flow channel assembly of the present invention is arranged vertically in segments. The flow channel assembly is divided into a water passage and a measuring open channel. The measuring open channel is located below the water passage and is connected to the end of the water passage through a water drop channel. The water flow is then introduced into the bottom water tank to form a closed-loop circulating water circuit, which not only saves space but also saves water resources and improves water resource utilization. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the experimental device for simulating water flow in a generalized urban street in this invention.

[0026] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the flow channel assembly.

[0027] Figure 3 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the diversion tank assembly.

[0028] Figure 4 It is an exploded view of the flat-topped weir and the drainage channel.

[0029] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of a flat-topped weir.

[0030] Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of the adjustment plate.

[0031] Figure 7a This is a schematic diagram of the water passage during the merging layout model test of the experimental device in this invention.

[0032] Figure 7b This is a schematic diagram of the water passage during the flow distribution layout model test of the experimental device in this invention.

[0033] Figure 7c This is a schematic diagram of the water passage during a full-flow-condition layout model test of the experimental device in this invention.

[0034] Explanation of key figure labels:

[0035] 100 - Bottom water tank; 110 - Top opening of water tank;

[0036] 200 - Water supply pipeline, 210 - Water pump, 220 - Electromagnetic flow meter, 230 - Water valve;

[0037] 300-Flow channel assembly, 310-Water passage, 320-Measuring open channel, 321-Triangular weir, 330-Intersection, 331-Magnetic suction part, 332-Card slot, 333-Mounting slot, 340-Guide water tank assembly, 341-Inlet water tank, 342-Inlet water tank opening, 343-Outlet water tank opening, 344-Baffle plate, 345-Inlet chamber, 346-Buffer chamber, 347-Water passage, 350-Outlet water, 360-Flat-top weir, 361-Guide channel, 362-Guide port, 363-Connecting seat, 364-Screw hole, 365-Deformation port, 366-Deformation groove, 367-Insertion rod, 368-Insertion hole, 370-Guide plate, 380-Water drop channel, 381-Side plate, 382-Through hole, 390-Connecting bolt;

[0038] 400-baffle;

[0039] 500 - Adjustment plate, 510 - Fixing plate, 520 - Long waist hole. Detailed Implementation

[0040] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0041] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "top surface," "bottom surface," "inner," "outer," "inner side," and "outer side," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0042] In the description of this invention, "several" means one or more, "multiple" means two or more, "greater than," "less than," and "exceeding" are understood to exclude the stated number, while "above," "below," and "within" are understood to include the stated number. Where the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes and to distinguish technical features, they should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features, or implicitly indicating the sequential relationship of the indicated technical features.

[0043] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "setting" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances. The embodiments of this invention will now be described according to its overall structure.

[0044] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, the experimental device for simulating water flow in a generalized urban street in this embodiment includes: a bottom water tank 100, a water tank top opening 110, a water supply pipeline 200, a water pump 210, an electromagnetic flowmeter 220, a water valve 230, a flow channel assembly 300, a water passage 310, a measuring open channel 320, a triangular weir 321, an intersection 330, a magnetic suction part 331, a slot 332, an installation slot 333, a flow guide tank assembly 340, an inlet water tank 341, an inlet water tank opening 342, and an outlet water tank. 343, partition 344, inlet chamber 345, buffer chamber 346, water outlet 347, outlet 350, flat-top weir 360, guide channel 361, guide port 362, connecting seat 363, screw hole 364, deformation port 365, deformation groove 366, insertion rod 367, insertion hole 368, guide plate 370, downflow channel 380, side plate 381, through hole 382, ​​connecting bolt 390, baffle 400, adjusting plate 500, fixing plate 510, elongated hole 520.

[0045] The bottom water tank 100 is erected on the ground by a support frame. Three water supply pipes 200 are installed on the side of the bottom water tank 100 near the bottom. A water tank top opening 110 is opened on the top of the bottom water tank 100. A water pump 210 and an electromagnetic flow meter 220 are installed sequentially from the inlet to the outlet of the water supply pipes 200. A water valve 230 is installed at each end of the water pump 210.

[0046] Three sets of flow channel assemblies 300 are installed on the bottom water tank 100. Each flow channel assembly 300 includes two parts: a water passage 310 and a measuring open channel 320. The water passages 310 are arranged above the bottom water tank 100 in a mutually perpendicular and intersecting manner, and 3-4 intersections 330 are formed at the intersections of the water passages 310. A removable baffle 400 is installed at each intersection 330. A guide water tank assembly 340 is provided at one end of the water passage 310, and the outlet end of the water supply pipe 200 extends into the guide water tank assembly 340. An outlet 350 is provided at the other end of the water passage 310. The measuring open channel 320 is located between the water passage 310 and the bottom water tank 100. Between the tanks 100, one end of the measuring channel 320 is located below the outlet 350 and is connected to it through a vertically set down channel 380. The other end of the measuring channel 320 extends to the top of the tank 110 and is equipped with a triangular weir 321. A detachable flat-top weir 360 is installed at the outlet 350. The flat-top weir 360 can block the lower part of the outlet 350. The top height of the flat-top weir 360 is adjustable. On the side of the flat-top weir 360 facing the water passage 310, multiple vertically set guide channels 361 are arranged side by side. The guide channels 361 extend outward from the top of the flat-top weir 360 to form a guide opening 362. The guide opening 362 is V-shaped.

[0047] More specifically, two of the three water passages 310 intersect each other perpendicularly, forming a junction with four intersections 330. The other water passage 310 is T-shaped, with its vertical and horizontal parts intersecting each other to form a junction with three intersections 330. The vertical part intersects perpendicularly with one of the two water passages 310 to form a junction with four intersections 330, and one end of the horizontal part intersects perpendicularly with the other of the two water passages 310 to form a junction with three intersections 330.

[0048] Furthermore, the diversion tank assembly 340 includes an inlet tank 341, with an inlet port 342 at the top and an outlet port 343 on the side. A partition 344 is installed inside the inlet tank 341, vertically fixedly connected to the interior of the inlet tank 341 to divide it into an inlet chamber 345 and a buffer chamber 346. The inlet port 342 communicates with the top of the inlet chamber 345, and the outlet port 343 communicates with the top of the buffer chamber 346. A water outlet 347 is provided at the bottom of the partition 344, which connects the bottom of the inlet chamber 345 and the bottom of the buffer chamber 346. The outlet end of the water supply pipe 200 extends from the inlet tank 342 into the inlet tank 341. Three guide plates 370 are connected between the edge of the outlet tank 343 and the side wall of the water passage 310. The guide plates 370 are curved so that the outlet tank 343 can transition to the water passage 310 in an arc, so that one end of the outlet tank 343 and the water passage 310 can be connected to each other.

[0049] Additionally, a vertical mounting groove 333 is formed by recessing inward at the corners on both sides of the intersection 330. A magnetic suction part 331 made of neodymium magnet is fixedly installed in the mounting groove 333. The surface of the magnetic suction part 331 is recessed inward from the side wall of the water passage 310 to form a slot 332. The depth of the slot 332 is consistent with the thickness of the baffle 400. Both ends of the baffle 400 can be inserted into the slot 332 and attract each other with the surface of the magnetic suction part 331. At this time, the surface of the baffle 400 is flush with the inner wall of the water passage 310.

[0050] In addition, side plates 381 are provided on both sides of the drain channel 380 to prevent water from splashing out of the drain channel 380 during descent. Through holes 382 are also provided on the side plates 381. A connecting seat 363 is installed at the bottom of the flat-top weir 360. Screw holes 364 matching the connecting bolts 390 are provided on both sides of the connecting seat 363. Multiple V-shaped deformation openings 365 are arranged side-by-side on the side of the connecting seat 363 away from the outlet 350. The axis of the screw holes 364 can pass through the middle of the deformation openings 365. The flat-top weir 360 is fan-shaped, thus enabling… A guide channel 361 is formed on the side of the flat-top weir 360 facing the water passage 310, and multiple deformation grooves 366 are formed on the side of the flat-top weir 360 opposite to the water passage 310. Both the guide channel 361 and the deformation grooves are V-shaped. The deformation grooves 366 and the deformation port 365 are aligned, and the positions of the guide channel 361 and the deformation grooves 366 are staggered. Two insertion rods 367 are fixedly installed parallel to each other on the side of the connecting seat 363 facing the outlet 350. Two insertion holes 368 are opened at the other end of the water passage 310, and the insertion rods 367 can be inserted into them. The insertion hole 368 allows the connecting seat 363 to align with the other end of the water passage 310, and also allows the screw hole 364 to align with the through hole 382. The deformation groove 366 and the guide groove 361 are parallel to each other and staggered in position. An adjusting plate 500 is provided on the side of the flat-top weir 360 facing the outlet 350. The adjusting plate 500 can be bent according to the groove shape of the guide groove 361 and fit against the flat-top weir 360. The adjusting plate 500 can slide outward from the guide port 362. A fixing plate 510 is fixedly connected to each side of the adjusting plate 500. The fixed plate 510 is clamped between the connecting seat 363 and the side plate 381. An elongated hole 520 is opened on the fixed plate 510. The length direction of the elongated hole 520 is consistent with the direction of the guide channel 361. A connecting bolt 390 is installed in the screw holes 364 on both sides of the connecting seat 363. The connecting bolt 390 can pass through the through hole 382 and the elongated hole 520 at the same time. When the connecting bolt 390 is tightened, the two sides of the connecting seat 363 and the side plate 381 can be clamped together, so that the flat-top weir 360 and the fixed plate 510 are simultaneously fixed to the side plate 381.

[0051] Next, the method of using the experimental device for simulating water flow in a generalized urban block in this embodiment will be described in detail to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention:

[0052] The water passage 310 is made of PVC (polyvinyl chloride) material and together with its sidewalls constitute the simulation of the entire block. This model consists of two mutually perpendicular straight water passages A and B and a T-shaped water passage C. The three water passages form four intersections D1, D2, D3 and D4, with four branches in the four intersections and three branches in the other two crossroads.

[0053] First, the experimental setup in this embodiment can be used to test the merging layout model, such as... Figure 7a As shown, all intersections 330 near the water passage C at intersections D1 and D2 are blocked by partitions 344. Water is injected into the two water passages by opening the water supply pipes 200 at the inlet ends of water passages A and B, causing the water flow to merge at intersection D1. The water level height above the guide port 362 of the flat-top weir 360 at the outlet 350 of water passage B is measured. The flow rate in the open channel 320 corresponding to water passage B is measured by the triangular weir 321. Finally, the formula for the relationship between flow rate and water level under this water flow layout is calculated.

[0054] Secondly, the test apparatus in this embodiment can be used to test the flow splitting layout model, such as... Figure 7b As shown, the intersection 330 on the side of the junction D1 away from the water passage C, the intersection 330 on the side of the junction D2 close to the water passage C, and the intersection 330 on both sides of the junction D3 located in the water passage A are blocked by a partition 344. The water pump 210 and water valve 230 in the water supply pipe 200 at the water inlet of the water passage B are turned on to inject water into the water passage B. The water flow is split at the junction D1 and flows out from the outlet 350 of the water passage B and the outlet of the water passage A. The water flows into their respective measuring channels 320, thereby allowing the measurement of the water level above the guide port 362 of the flat-top weir 360 at the outlet 350 of water passage B and the water level above the guide port 362 of the flat-top weir 360 at the outlet 350 of water passage A. Simultaneously, the water flow rate in the measuring channels 320 of water passage A and B can also be measured, ultimately leading to the calculation of the formula relating water level and flow rate under this water flow layout.

[0055] Finally, the experimental setup in this embodiment can be used to conduct tests on the full-flow-condition layout model, such as... Figure 7c As shown, all baffles 400 at each intersection 330 are removed, and all water supply pipelines 200 are opened, so that water passages A, B, and C are all in working condition. The water flow height above the guide port 362 of the flat-top weir 360 at each outlet 350 is measured. At the same time, the water flow rate in each measuring open channel 320 is measured through the triangular weir 321. Finally, the formula for the relationship between water level and flow rate under this water flow layout is calculated.

[0056] The method of measuring flow rate using the triangular weir 321 mentioned above is a commonly used measurement method in fluid mechanics. The specific method will not be elaborated here.

[0057] In summary, this invention simulates the streets of a generalized urban block by using the water passages 310 in each flow channel component 300. By changing the installation position of the baffles 400 at the intersection 330, the model can form different water flow layouts. The water level can be changed by adjusting the height of the flat-top weir 360, and the V-shaped guide port 362 can serve as a confluence point, thereby enabling more accurate water level measurement. The flow rate in the open channel 320 can be measured through the triangular weir 321, and the flow rate of the water passage 310 can be deduced from this. Finally, through experiments, the relationship between water depth, water flow pattern, and flow rate under different block layouts can be obtained.

[0058] The foregoing description of specific exemplary embodiments of the present invention is for illustrative and explanatory purposes. These descriptions are not intended to limit the invention to the precise forms disclosed, and it is obvious that many changes and variations can be made based on the above description. Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, these specific embodiments are merely explanations of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. The specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. The purpose of selecting and describing exemplary embodiments is to explain the specific principles of the invention and its practical application, so that those skilled in the art, after reading this specification, can make modifications, substitutions, variations, and various choices and changes to the embodiments as needed without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, provided that such modifications, substitutions, variations, and choices and changes are within the scope of the claims of the invention and are protected by patent law.

Claims

1. An experimental device for simulating water flow in a generalized urban street, characterized in that, include: The bottom water tank has several water supply pipes on its side and a top opening on its top. The system includes multiple flow channel components, each comprising a water passage and a measuring channel. The water passages are arranged in a crisscrossing manner above the bottom water tank, forming several intersections at their junctions. Each intersection has a removable baffle. A guide water tank assembly is located at the inlet end of each water passage, and the outlet end of the water supply pipe extends into the guide water tank assembly. An outlet is located at the other end of each water passage. The measuring channel is located within the water passage. Between the bottom water tank and the measuring channel, one end of the measuring channel is located below the outlet, and the other end of the measuring channel extends to the top of the water tank and is provided with a triangular weir. A detachable flat-top weir is provided at the outlet, which can block part of the outlet. The top height of the flat-top weir is adjustable. Several guide channels are arranged side by side on the side of the flat-top weir facing the water passage. The guide channels extend outward from the top of the flat-top weir to form a guide opening. The guide opening is V-shaped. It also includes a vertically arranged drainage channel, one end of which is connected to the water outlet, and the other end of which extends to one end of the measuring channel.

2. The experimental apparatus for simulating water flow in a generalized urban street according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water pipeline is equipped with a water pump and an electromagnetic flow meter, and water valves are installed at both ends of the water pump.

3. The experimental apparatus for simulating water flow in a generalized urban block according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water diversion tank assembly includes an inlet tank, with an inlet port on the top and an outlet port on the side. The outlet port is connected to the inlet port, and the outlet end of the water supply pipeline extends into the inlet tank from the inlet port. The outlet port is connected to one end of the water passage.

4. The experimental apparatus for simulating water flow in a generalized urban block according to claim 3, characterized in that, It also includes a partition, which is vertically fixed inside the water inlet tank, thereby dividing the water inlet tank into an inlet chamber and a buffer chamber. The inlet of the water inlet is connected to the top of the inlet chamber, and the outlet of the water inlet is connected to the top of the buffer chamber. A water outlet is provided at the bottom of the partition, which connects the bottom of the inlet chamber and the bottom of the buffer chamber.

5. The experimental apparatus for simulating water flow in a generalized urban block according to claim 4, characterized in that, Several guide plates are connected between the edge of the water outlet and the side wall of the water passage, and the guide plates enable the water flow to transition from the water outlet to the water passage in an arc.

6. The experimental apparatus for simulating water flow in a generalized urban block according to claim 1, characterized in that, Magnetic suction parts are provided on both sides of the intersection, and the two ends of the baffle can be fixedly connected to the side wall of the water passage by attracting each other with the magnetic suction parts.

7. The experimental apparatus for simulating water flow in a generalized urban block according to claim 6, characterized in that, The magnetic suction part is recessed inward from the side wall of the water passage to form a groove. The depth of the groove is consistent with the thickness of the baffle. When the baffle is attracted to the magnetic suction part, the surface of the baffle is flush with the inner wall of the water passage.

8. The experimental apparatus for simulating water flow in a generalized urban street according to claim 1, characterized in that, Side plates are provided on both sides of the drainage channel, and through holes are provided on the side plates. Connecting bolts are provided on both sides of the flat-top weir, and the connecting bolts can pass through the through holes to fix the flat-top weir and the side plates to each other.

9. The experimental apparatus for simulating water flow in a generalized urban street according to claim 8, characterized in that, The bottom of the flat-top weir is provided with a connecting seat. The connecting seat has screw holes on both sides that match the connecting bolts. Several deformation ports are arranged side-by-side on the side of the connecting seat away from the outlet, with the screw holes corresponding to the deformation ports. Several deformation grooves are provided on the side of the flat-top weir opposite to the water passage, with the deformation grooves corresponding to the deformation ports. Several insertion rods are provided on the side of the connecting seat facing the outlet. Insertion holes are provided at the other end of the water passage, allowing the insertion rods to be inserted into the insertion holes so that the connecting seat and the other end of the water passage are aligned. The deformation grooves and the guide grooves are parallel to each other and staggered in position.

10. The experimental apparatus for simulating water flow in a generalized urban block according to claim 9, characterized in that, It also includes an adjusting plate, which is curved in the shape of the guide channel and fits against the side of the flat-top weir facing the outlet. The adjusting plate can slide outward from the guide port. A fixing plate is provided on each side of the adjusting plate. The fixing plate is sandwiched between the connecting seat and the side plate. An elongated hole is opened on the fixing plate, and the connecting bolt can pass through the elongated hole. The length direction of the elongated hole is consistent with the direction of the guide channel.

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