A frozen hollow cylindrical sample cutting and sample preparation instrument

Abstract

The application relates to the field of soil sample cutting, in particular to a frozen hollow cylindrical sample cutting and sample preparation instrument, characterized by comprising a main frame, a sample rotating mechanism fixedly connected to the top end of the main frame, a frozen soil sample arranged in the middle of the main frame, the frozen soil sample being clamped with the sample rotating mechanism, an inner expanding hole mechanism arranged on the inner side of the frozen soil sample, and an outer cutting mechanism arranged on the outer side of the frozen soil sample. The structure can realize the machining of the inner and outer sides of the frozen soil sample at the same time, save machining time, and obtain a better cutting surface by the rotation of the frozen soil sample and the inner cutting mechanism, so that the geometric shape of the frozen soil sample is well controlled. Meanwhile, the inner cutting mechanism and the outer cutting mechanism can conveniently adjust the position of the blade, and the cutting shape can be finely adjusted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of soil sample cutting, and more particularly to a frozen hollow cylindrical sample cutting instrument. Background Technology

[0002] The rational determination of the mechanical properties of undisturbed soil is crucial for geotechnical engineering design and deformation control, and forms the basis for determining high-precision analytical parameters. Hollow cylinder torsion-shear tests can achieve loading tests under various stress paths, providing important evidence for breakthroughs in soil constitutive theory and improvements in engineering design. However, current research both domestically and internationally shows limited coverage of undisturbed soil due to the difficulty in preparing hollow specimens, which significantly hinders experimental and theoretical research on this type of soil. Freezing is a method for preserving the undisturbed properties of soil, but preparing hollow cylinder specimens using frozen soil presents technical challenges. This method typically requires cutting the outer and inner walls of the specimen to create a standard hollow cylinder. Therefore, finding convenient and stable specimen preparation methods is crucial for improving experimental efficiency and ensuring the reliability of experimental results.

[0003] Existing methods for cutting hollow cylindrical frozen soil samples mostly involve manual cutting, which easily disturbs the soil sample and is time-consuming. Furthermore, the accuracy of sample size determination relies on human judgment. Chinese patent CN200710070117.7 discloses a method for preparing undisturbed soft clay hollow cylindrical samples, but its structure cannot cut the outer wall of the cylindrical sample. Chinese patent CN107063805A discloses a device and method for cutting the outer wall of hollow cylindrical frozen soil samples, but its structure neglects cutting the inner wall of the hollow cylindrical frozen soil sample, failing to simultaneously cut the inner and outer sides of the hollow cylindrical structure. Existing technologies also lack a good structure for controlling the cutter head distance, failing to meet the current needs of hollow cylindrical sample cutting. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a structure that can simultaneously cut the inner and outer sides and easily control the cutting distance. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a frozen hollow cylindrical sample cutting instrument to solve the above-mentioned problems, so as to achieve the goal of simultaneously processing the inner and outer walls of frozen soil samples, obtaining a better cutting surface, having a better shaping effect, and being able to easily adjust the cutting shape.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution:

[0006] A frozen hollow cylindrical sample cutting and preparation instrument is characterized in that it includes a main frame, a sample rotation mechanism is fixedly connected to the top of the main frame, a frozen soil sample is placed in the middle of the main frame, the frozen soil sample is engaged with the sample rotation mechanism, an inner hole-expanding mechanism is provided on the inner side of the frozen soil sample, and an outer cutting mechanism is provided on the outer side of the frozen soil sample.

[0007] The sample rotation mechanism includes a clamping assembly for clamping the frozen soil sample. The top of the clamping assembly is connected to a sample rotation drive unit, which is fixedly connected to the top of the main frame.

[0008] The internal hole-expanding mechanism includes an internal cutting mechanism disposed inside the frozen soil sample. The internal cutting mechanism is connected to an internal hole-expanding drive unit, which penetrates into the frozen soil sample and is fixedly connected to the top of the main frame.

[0009] The external cutting mechanism includes an external cutting tool mechanism located on one side of the frozen soil sample. The external cutting tool mechanism is connected to an external cutting drive unit, which is fixedly connected to one side of the main frame.

[0010] Furthermore, the clamping assembly includes an upper clamping sleeve and a lower clamping sleeve. The upper clamping sleeve is clamped to the top of the frozen soil sample. An upper clamping groove is provided on the top surface of the upper clamping sleeve, and upper clamping inner teeth are provided on the periphery of the upper clamping groove. The upper clamping inner teeth are connected to the sample rotation drive unit.

[0011] The upper pressure groove is abutted by a locking structure;

[0012] The lower clamping sleeve is snapped onto the bottom end of the frozen soil sample. An auxiliary support plate is fixedly connected to the middle of the main frame. A limiting groove is provided on the top surface of the auxiliary support plate. The lower clamping sleeve is rotatably connected to the limiting groove. Several ball bearings are provided circumferentially between the limiting groove and the auxiliary support plate.

[0013] Furthermore, the sample rotation drive unit includes a first servo motor, which is fixedly connected to the top of the main frame. The output shaft of the first servo motor is fixedly connected to a first gear, which is driven by a second gear. The second gear is rotatably connected to the main frame. A first square sliding hole is opened in the center of the second gear, and a first square sliding rod is slidably connected in the first square sliding hole. A third gear is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the first square sliding rod, and the third gear is driven by the upper internal gear.

[0014] Furthermore, the locking structure includes a clamping screw threaded to the top of the main frame, and a roller rotatably connected to the bottom end of the clamping screw, the roller abutting against the upper pressure groove.

[0015] Furthermore, the internal cutting mechanism includes an internal cutting blade device and a gear transmission structure; the internal cutting blade device includes a lifting platform and a rotary table rotatably connected to the top of the lifting platform;

[0016] The lifting platform has a threaded hole at its center that is connected to the inner expansion hole drive unit. The lifting platform has several rotating holes around the threaded hole. A rotating rod is rotatably connected in each of the rotating holes. A second square slide rod is fixedly connected below the rotating rod. A fifth gear is fixedly connected to the part of the rotating rod located above the rotating hole.

[0017] The bottom surface of the rotary table is provided with a rotary drive groove, and the side wall of the rotary drive groove is provided with rotary drive teeth, which are connected to a plurality of the fifth gears in a transmission.

[0018] The top of the rotary table is equipped with a tool spacing adjustment structure.

[0019] Furthermore, the tool distance adjustment structure includes a threaded turntable, and a sliding annular groove is provided on the inner side of the center of the rotary table. The threaded turntable is horizontally rotatably connected in the sliding annular groove.

[0020] The bottom surface of the threaded turntable is fixedly connected to an adjusting tooth, and the adjusting tooth is driven by an adjusting structure.

[0021] The top surface of the threaded turntable is provided with a spiral thread, and the top surface of the rotary table is provided with a plurality of sliding grooves. A sliding tool holder is slidably connected in the sliding grooves. The bottom surface of the sliding tool holder is provided with a mating thread, and the mating thread matches the spiral thread.

[0022] A first cutting blade is fixedly connected to the sliding blade holder. Blade holder grooves are provided on both sides of the sliding blade holder, and blade holder rails are provided on both sides of the inner wall of the sliding grooves. The blade holder grooves are slidably connected to the blade holder rails.

[0023] Furthermore, the gear transmission structure includes a plurality of sixth gears, which are slidably connected to a plurality of second square slide rods. A sliding sleeve is fixedly connected above the sixth gear, and a first square hole is provided on the inner side of the sliding sleeve. The second square slide rod is slidably connected to the first square hole.

[0024] A seventh gear is driven to one side of several sixth gears, an eighth gear is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the seventh gear, a ninth gear is driven to the eighth gear, and one side of the ninth gear is driven to the output end of the third servo motor through the tenth gear. The third servo motor is fixedly connected to the main frame.

[0025] Furthermore, the internal expansion hole drive unit includes a second servo motor, the output end of which is fixedly connected to a first screw. The first screw is coaxially arranged with the frozen soil sample, and the first screw is threadedly connected to the threaded hole opened on the lifting platform. The end of the first screw away from the second servo motor is rotatably connected to the auxiliary support plate.

[0026] Furthermore, the external cutting tool mechanism includes an external cutting tool slider, an external cutting sleeve slidably connected to one side of the external cutting tool slider, a fifth servo motor fixedly connected inside the external cutting sleeve, a third screw fixedly connected to the output shaft of the fifth servo motor, the other end of the third screw rotatably connected to the inner wall of the external cutting sleeve away from the fifth servo motor, a nut sleeve threaded onto the third screw, and the nut sleeve fixedly connected to the external cutting tool slider; a second cutting blade is fixedly connected to the outside of the external cutting sleeve, and the second cutting blade corresponds to the outer wall of the frozen soil sample;

[0027] The external cutting drive unit includes a fourth servo motor, which is fixedly connected to the main frame. The output shaft of the fourth servo motor is fixedly connected to a second screw, and the end of the second screw away from the fourth servo motor is rotatably connected to the top of the main frame. An auxiliary slide rod is fixedly connected between the main frame and the auxiliary support plate. The auxiliary slide rod is parallel to the second screw. The external cutting tool slider is threadedly connected to the second screw, and the external cutting tool slider is slidably connected to the auxiliary slide rod.

[0028] Furthermore, the adjustment structure includes an adjustment inlet hole formed on one side of the rotary table, the adjustment inlet hole being arranged radially along the rotary table, and a fourth gear being rotatably connected inside the adjustment inlet hole, the fourth gear being drively connected to the adjustment gear.

[0029] The present invention has the following technical effects:

[0030] The sample rotation mechanism clamps the frozen soil sample with a clamping assembly to fix the sample. Then, driven by the sample rotation drive, the sample rotates, enabling the outer cutting mechanism to cut the periphery of the frozen soil sample. The inner hole-expanding mechanism, driven by the inner hole-expanding drive, cuts the inner side of the frozen soil sample, achieving simultaneous processing of the outer and inner sides. The inner cutting mechanism not only has the function of vertical cutting but also has a rotation function. Through the structure within the inner cutting mechanism, it can achieve a rotation opposite to that of the frozen soil sample, thus forming a faster relative motion to effectively cut the inner wall of the frozen soil sample. Furthermore, the cutter heads on the outer cutting mechanism and the inner cutting mechanism have an adjustable distance function, which can easily adjust the cutting depth.

[0031] These structures enable simultaneous processing of the inside and outside of frozen soil samples, saving processing time. Furthermore, the rotation of the frozen soil sample and the rotation of the internal cutting mechanism result in a better cutting surface, providing excellent control over the geometry of the frozen soil sample. At the same time, the internal and external cutting mechanisms allow for easy adjustment of the blade position, facilitating fine-tuning of the cutting shape. Attached Figure Description

[0032] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the internal cutting device;

[0035] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of part A in the middle;

[0036] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the external cutting tool mechanism;

[0037] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a threaded rotary disc;

[0038] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the back of the threaded turntable;

[0039] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-section of a threaded rotary disc.

[0040] The components include: 1. Main frame; 2. Sample rotation mechanism; 3. Internal hole-expanding mechanism; 4. External cutting mechanism; 5. Clamping screw; 6. Roller; 7. Frozen soil sample; 21. First servo motor; 22. First gear; 23. Second gear; 24. First square slide bar; 25. Third gear; 26. Upper clamping sleeve; 27. Limiting groove; 28. Lower clamping sleeve; 29. ​​Ball bearing; 31. Second servo motor; 32. First screw; 33. Internal cutting mechanism; 3301. Lifting platform; 3302. Rotary platform; 3303. Threaded turntable; 3304. First internal thread; 3305. Sliding ring groove; 3306. Adjusting hole; 3307. Fourth gear; 3308. Coiled thread; 3309. Sliding tool holder; 3310. Butt joint thread. 3311, First cutting blade; 3312, Tool holder slide rail; 3313, Tool holder slide groove; 3314, Auxiliary ring; 34, Second square slide bar; 3401, Rotating rod; 3402, Fifth gear; 35, Gear transmission structure; 3501, Sixth gear; 3502, Seventh gear; 3503, Eighth gear; 3504, Ninth gear; 3505, Tenth gear; 3506, Third servo motor; 3507, Sliding sleeve; 41, Fourth servo motor; 42, Second screw; 43, Auxiliary slide bar; 44, External cutting tool mechanism; 4401, External cutting tool slider; 4402, External cutting sleeve; 4403, Fifth servo motor; 4404, Third screw; 4405, Nut sleeve; 4406, Second cutting blade. Detailed Implementation

[0041] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0042] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0043] Reference Figure 1-7 As shown, the present invention provides: a frozen hollow cylindrical sample cutting sample preparation instrument, characterized in that it includes a main frame 1, a sample rotation mechanism 2 is fixedly connected to the top of the main frame 1, a frozen soil sample 7 is set in the middle of the main frame 1, the frozen soil sample 7 is engaged with the sample rotation mechanism 2, an inner hole expansion mechanism 3 is provided on the inner side of the frozen soil sample 7, and an outer cutting mechanism 4 is provided on the outer side of the frozen soil sample 7.

[0044] The sample rotation mechanism 2 includes a clamping assembly for clamping the frozen soil sample 7. The top of the clamping assembly is connected to a sample rotation drive unit, which is fixedly connected to the top of the main frame 1.

[0045] The internal hole-expanding mechanism 3 includes an internal cutting mechanism located inside the frozen soil sample 7. The internal cutting mechanism is connected to an internal hole-expanding drive unit, which penetrates into the frozen soil sample 7 and is fixedly connected to the top of the main frame 1.

[0046] The external cutting mechanism 4 includes an external cutting tool mechanism 44 located on one side of the frozen soil sample 7. The external cutting tool mechanism 44 is connected to an external cutting drive unit, which is fixedly connected to one side of the main frame 1.

[0047] The sample rotation mechanism 2 clamps the frozen soil sample 7 with a clamping assembly to fix the frozen soil sample 7. Then, it rotates through the sample rotation drive unit, so that the outer cutting mechanism 4 can perform cutting operations on the periphery of the frozen soil sample 7. The inner hole-expanding mechanism 3 cuts the inner side of the frozen soil sample 7 through the inner cutting mechanism driven by the inner hole-expanding drive unit, realizing simultaneous processing of the outer and inner sides of the frozen soil sample 7. The inner cutting mechanism not only has the function of moving up and down for cutting, but also has a self-rotation function. Through the structure inside the inner cutting mechanism, it can achieve rotation opposite to the frozen soil sample 7, thereby forming a faster relative motion to effectively cut the inner wall of the frozen soil sample 7. Moreover, the cutter heads on the outer cutting tool mechanism 44 and the inner cutting mechanism have an adjustable distance function, which can easily adjust the cutting depth.

[0048] The scheme is further optimized. The clamping assembly includes an upper clamping sleeve 26 and a lower clamping sleeve 28. The upper clamping sleeve 26 is clamped to the top of the frozen soil sample 7. An upper clamping groove is provided on the top surface of the upper clamping sleeve 26. Upper clamping inner teeth are provided on the periphery of the upper clamping groove. The upper clamping inner teeth are connected to the sample rotation drive unit.

[0049] The upper sliding groove is abutted by a locking structure;

[0050] The lower clamping sleeve 28 is snapped onto the bottom end of the frozen soil sample 7. An auxiliary support plate 8 is fixedly connected to the middle of the main frame 1. A limiting groove 27 is provided on the top surface of the auxiliary support plate 8. The lower clamping sleeve 28 is rotatably connected to the limiting groove 27. Several balls 29 are provided circumferentially between the limiting groove 27 and the auxiliary support plate 8.

[0051] The upper clamping sleeve 26 and the lower clamping sleeve 28 together clamp the frozen soil sample 7. The locking structure helps the upper clamping sleeve 26 fix the frozen soil sample 7. The sample rotation drive unit can drive the upper clamping sleeve 26 to rotate through the upper internal teeth, which in turn drives the frozen soil sample 7 and the lower clamping sleeve 28 to rotate. The ball bearings 29 set below the lower clamping sleeve 28 can reduce frictional resistance.

[0052] The scheme is further optimized. The sample rotation drive unit includes a first servo motor 21, which is fixedly connected to the top of the main frame 1. The output shaft of the first servo motor 21 is fixedly connected to a first gear 22. The first gear 22 is driven by a second gear 23. The second gear 23 is rotatably connected to the main frame 1. The center of the second gear 23 is provided with a first square sliding hole. A first square sliding rod 24 is slidably connected in the first square sliding hole. The bottom end of the first square sliding rod 24 is fixedly connected to a third gear 25. The third gear 25 is driven by the upper internal gear.

[0053] The rotation of the first servo motor 21 drives the first gear 22 to rotate, which in turn drives the first square slide bar 24 to rotate via the second gear 23. The first square slide bar 24 can not only slide along the axis of the second gear 23, but also be driven to rotate by the second gear 23. Its structure can be connected to the upper internal gear transmission below by its own gravity, and thus be driven to rotate by the first square slide bar 24.

[0054] Further optimization of the scheme: the locking structure includes a clamping screw 5 threaded to the top of the main frame 1, and a roller 6 rotatably connected to the bottom end of the clamping screw 5, with the roller 6 abutting against the upper pressure groove.

[0055] During use, adjusting the downward movement of the clamping screw 5 allows the roller 6 to abut against the upper pressure groove and provide pressure to the structure below it, ensuring the fixation of the upper clamping sleeve 26 below it.

[0056] The scheme is further optimized. The internal cutting mechanism includes an internal cutting blade device 33 and a gear transmission structure 35. The internal cutting blade device 33 includes a lifting platform 3301 and a rotary table 3302 rotatably connected to the top of the lifting platform 3301.

[0057] The lifting platform 3301 has a threaded hole at its center that is connected to the drive unit of the inner hole. The lifting platform 3301 has several rotating holes around the threaded hole. Rotating rods 3401 are rotatably connected in the rotating holes. A second square slide rod 34 is fixedly connected below the rotating rod 3401. A fifth gear 3402 is fixedly connected to the part of the rotating rod 3401 above the rotating hole.

[0058] The bottom surface of the rotary table 3302 is provided with a rotary drive groove, and the side wall of the rotary drive groove is provided with rotary drive teeth, which are connected to several fifth gears 3402 for transmission.

[0059] The rotary table 3302 is equipped with a tool spacing adjustment structure on its top.

[0060] The lifting platform 3301 in the internal cutting device 33 can move up and down along the first screw 32, thereby driving the entire internal cutting mechanism to move up and down. The rotating rod 3401 is driven to rotate by the gear transmission structure 35 below through the second square slide rod 34, which in turn drives the rotating platform 3302 to rotate through several fifth gears 3402. The tool distance adjustment structure on the rotating platform 3302 is driven to rotate, thereby cutting the inner wall of the frozen soil sample 7. Among them, the bottom surface of the fifth gear 3402 is fixedly connected to the auxiliary ring 3314, which is rotatably connected to the lifting platform 3301. By setting the auxiliary ring 3314, the rotation of the fifth gear 3402 is smoother and the fifth gear 3402 is protected.

[0061] The scheme is further optimized. The tool distance adjustment structure includes a threaded turntable 3303 and a sliding ring groove 3305 is opened on the inner side of the center of the rotary table 3302. The threaded turntable 3303 is horizontally rotatably connected in the sliding ring groove 3305.

[0062] The bottom surface of the threaded turntable 3303 is fixedly connected with adjusting teeth, and the adjusting teeth are connected to an adjusting structure.

[0063] The top surface of the threaded turntable 3303 is provided with a spiral thread 3308, and the top surface of the rotary table 3302 is provided with several sliding grooves. A sliding tool holder 3309 is slidably connected in the sliding grooves. The bottom surface of the sliding tool holder 3309 is provided with a mating thread 3310, which matches the spiral thread 3308.

[0064] A first cutting blade 3311 is fixedly connected to the sliding blade holder 3309. Blade holder grooves 3313 are provided on both sides of the sliding blade holder 3309. Blade holder rails 3312 are provided on both sides of the inner wall of the sliding groove. The blade holder grooves 3313 and the blade holder rails 3312 are slidably connected.

[0065] The threaded turntable 3303 can be rotated by adjusting the structure. The spiral thread 3308 on the threaded turntable 3303 is in the shape of a vortex. The rotation of the spiral thread 3308 can drive several sliding tool holders 3309 to move inward and outward simultaneously and at the same distance along the corresponding sliding grooves, ensuring that multiple first cutting blades 3311 expand and contract at the same time, thus ensuring the stability of cutting and the smoothness of the cutting surface.

[0066] The bottom surface of the threaded turntable 3303 is provided with vertically downward adjusting teeth, which can mesh with the vertically rotating fourth gear 3307 in the adjusting structure. It can then be driven by the fourth gear 3307, converting the force of the vertical rotation of the fourth gear 3307 into the thrust of the horizontal rotation of the adjusting teeth. This causes the threaded turntable 3303 to rotate with the fourth gear 3307, thereby pushing several sliding tool holders 3309 above to move inward and outward simultaneously and at the same distance along the corresponding sliding grooves.

[0067] Further optimization of the scheme: the gear transmission structure 35 includes several sixth gears 3501, which are slidably connected to several second square slide rods 34. A sliding sleeve 3507 is fixedly connected above the sixth gear 3501. A first square hole is provided on the inner side of the sliding sleeve 3507, and the second square slide rods 34 are slidably connected to the first square hole.

[0068] A number of sixth gears 3501 are connected to a seventh gear 3502 on one side. The bottom surface of the seventh gear 3502 is fixedly connected to an eighth gear 3503. The eighth gear 3503 is connected to a ninth gear 3504. One side of the ninth gear 3504 is connected to the output end of the third servo motor 3506 through the tenth gear 3505. The third servo motor 3506 is fixedly connected to the main frame 1.

[0069] The design of multiple gears in the gear transmission structure 35 achieves a large transmission ratio through different gear diameters, enabling the rotary table 3302 to have sufficient rotational force to ensure the cutting effect. Among them, the sixth gear 3501 is rotatably connected to the auxiliary support plate 8 via a sliding sleeve 3507, and the seventh gear 3502, the eighth gear 3503, and the ninth gear 3504 are all rotatably connected to the auxiliary support plate 8.

[0070] The scheme is further optimized. The internal expansion hole drive unit includes a second servo motor 31. The output end of the second servo motor 31 is fixedly connected to a first screw 32. The first screw 32 is coaxially arranged with the frozen soil sample 7. The first screw 32 is threadedly connected to the threaded hole opened on the lifting platform 3301. The end of the first screw 32 away from the second servo motor 31 is rotatably connected to the auxiliary support plate 8.

[0071] Further optimized, the outer cutting tool mechanism 44 includes an outer cutting tool slider 4401, an outer cutting sleeve 4402 slidably connected to one side of the outer cutting tool slider 4401, a fifth servo motor 4403 fixedly connected inside the outer cutting sleeve 4402, a third screw 4404 fixedly connected to the output shaft of the fifth servo motor 4403, and the other end of the third screw 4404 rotatably connected to the inner wall of the outer cutting sleeve 4402 away from the fifth servo motor 4403. A nut sleeve 4405 is threaded onto the third screw 4404, and the nut sleeve 4405 is fixedly connected to the outer cutting tool slider 4401. A second cutting blade 4406 is fixedly connected to the outside of the outer cutting sleeve 4402, and the second cutting blade 4406 corresponds to the outer wall of the frozen soil sample 7.

[0072] The external cutting drive unit includes a fourth servo motor 41, which is fixedly connected to the main frame 1. The output shaft of the fourth servo motor 41 is fixedly connected to a second screw 42, and the end of the second screw 42 away from the fourth servo motor 41 is rotatably connected to the top of the main frame 1. An auxiliary slide rod 43 is fixedly connected between the main frame 1 and the auxiliary support plate 8. The auxiliary slide rod 43 is parallel to the second screw 42. The external cutting tool slider 4401 is threadedly connected to the second screw 42, and the external cutting tool slider 4401 is slidably connected to the auxiliary slide rod 43.

[0073] The longitudinal position of the outer cutting blade slider 4401 can be controlled by controlling the fourth servo motor 41, thereby accurately moving the cutting point. The fifth servo motor 4403 can slide the outer cutting sleeve 4402 by rotating the third screw 4404, thereby controlling the depth of the second cutting blade 4406.

[0074] The design is further optimized. The adjustment structure includes an adjustment inlet hole on one side of the rotary table 3302, which is radially positioned along the rotary table 3302. A fourth gear 3307 is rotatably connected within the adjustment inlet hole. An adjustment rod is fixedly connected to one side of the fourth gear 3307, which is axially positioned along the adjustment inlet hole and rotatably connected therein. The fourth gear 3307 is connected to the adjustment gear transmission. In use, the operator can directly insert a screwdriver into the adjustment inlet hole and rotate the fourth gear 3307 using the adjustment rod, thereby rotating the threaded turntable 3303 to adjust the tool pitch.

[0075] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this invention, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0076] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A sample preparation apparatus for cutting frozen hollow cylindrical specimens, characterized in that, Includes a main frame (1), a sample rotation mechanism (2) is fixedly connected to the top of the main frame (1), a frozen soil sample (7) is located in the middle of the main frame (1), the frozen soil sample (7) is engaged with the sample rotation mechanism (2), an inner hole expansion mechanism (3) is provided on the inner side of the frozen soil sample (7), and an outer cutting mechanism (4) is provided on the outer side of the frozen soil sample (7). The sample rotation mechanism (2) includes a clamping assembly for clamping the frozen soil sample (7), and the top of the clamping assembly is connected to a sample rotation drive unit, which is fixedly connected to the top of the main frame (1). The inner hole expansion mechanism (3) includes an inner cutting mechanism provided inside the frozen soil sample (7). The inner cutting mechanism is connected to an inner hole expansion drive unit. The inner hole expansion drive unit penetrates into the frozen soil sample (7) and is fixedly connected to the top of the main frame (1). The external cutting mechanism (4) includes an external cutting tool mechanism (44) provided on one side of the frozen soil sample (7). The external cutting tool mechanism (44) is connected to an external cutting drive unit, which is fixedly connected to one side of the main frame (1). The clamping assembly includes an upper clamping sleeve (26) and a lower clamping sleeve (28). The upper clamping sleeve (26) is clamped to the top of the frozen soil sample (7). An upper clamping groove is provided on the top surface of the upper clamping sleeve (26). Upper clamping inner teeth are provided on the periphery of the upper clamping groove. The upper clamping inner teeth are connected to the sample rotation drive unit. The upper pressure groove is abutted by a locking structure; The lower clamping sleeve (28) is snapped into the bottom end of the frozen soil sample (7). An auxiliary support plate (8) is fixedly connected in the middle of the main frame (1). A limiting groove (27) is provided on the top surface of the auxiliary support plate (8). The lower clamping sleeve (28) is rotatably connected to the limiting groove (27). A number of balls (29) are provided circumferentially between the limiting groove (27) and the auxiliary support plate (8). The internal cutting mechanism includes an internal cutting blade device (33) and a gear transmission structure (35); the internal cutting blade device (33) includes a lifting platform (3301) and a rotary table (3302) rotatably connected to the top of the lifting platform (3301); The lifting platform (3301) has a threaded hole at its center that is connected to the inner hole driving part for transmission. The lifting platform (3301) has several rotating holes around the threaded hole. A rotating rod (3401) is rotatably connected in each of the rotating holes. A second square slide rod (34) is fixedly connected below the rotating rod (3401). A fifth gear (3402) is fixedly connected to the part of the rotating rod (3401) located above the rotating hole. The bottom surface of the rotary table (3302) is provided with a rotary drive groove, and the side wall of the rotary drive groove is provided with rotary drive teeth, which are connected to a plurality of the fifth gears (3402) in a transmission manner. The rotary table (3302) is equipped with a tool spacing adjustment structure on its top.

2. The frozen hollow cylindrical specimen cutting and preparation instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sample rotation drive unit includes a first servo motor (21), which is fixedly connected to the top of the main frame (1). The output shaft of the first servo motor (21) is fixedly connected to a first gear (22). The first gear (22) is driven by a second gear (23). The second gear (23) is rotatably connected to the main frame (1). The second gear (23) has a first square sliding hole in its center. A first square sliding rod (24) is slidably connected in the first square sliding hole. A third gear (25) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the first square sliding rod (24). The third gear (25) is driven by the upper internal gear.

3. The frozen hollow cylindrical specimen cutting and preparation apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The locking structure includes a clamping screw (5) threaded to the top of the main frame (1), and a roller (6) rotatably connected to the bottom end of the clamping screw (5), the roller (6) abutting against the upper pressure groove.

4. The frozen hollow cylindrical specimen cutting and preparation apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tool distance adjustment structure includes a threaded turntable (3303), and a sliding ring groove (3305) is provided on the inner side of the center of the rotary table (3302). The threaded turntable (3303) is horizontally rotatably connected in the sliding ring groove (3305). The bottom surface of the threaded turntable (3303) is fixedly connected with adjusting teeth, and the adjusting teeth are driven by an adjusting structure. The top surface of the threaded turntable (3303) is provided with a spiral thread (3308), and the top surface of the rotary table (3302) is provided with a plurality of sliding grooves. A sliding tool holder (3309) is slidably connected in the sliding grooves. The bottom surface of the sliding tool holder (3309) is provided with a mating thread (3310), and the mating thread (3310) matches the spiral thread (3308). The sliding blade holder (3309) is fixedly connected to a first cutting blade (3311). The sliding blade holder (3309) has blade holder grooves (3313) on both sides. The inner walls of the sliding grooves are provided with blade holder rails (3312). The blade holder grooves (3313) and the blade holder rails (3312) are slidably connected.

5. The frozen hollow cylindrical specimen cutting and preparation apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gear transmission structure (35) includes a plurality of sixth gears (3501), the plurality of sixth gears (3501) are slidably connected to a plurality of second square slide rods (34), a sliding sleeve (3507) is fixedly connected above the sixth gear (3501), the sliding sleeve (3507) is provided with a first square hole on the inner side, and the second square slide rods (34) are slidably connected to the first square hole; A seventh gear (3502) is driven to one side of several sixth gears (3501). An eighth gear (3503) is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the seventh gear (3502). A ninth gear (3504) is driven to the eighth gear (3503). One side of the ninth gear (3504) is driven to the output end of the third servo motor (3506) through the tenth gear (3505). The third servo motor (3506) is fixedly connected to the main frame (1).

6. The frozen hollow cylindrical specimen cutting and preparation apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner hole driving part includes a second servo motor (31), and a first screw (32) is fixedly connected to the output end of the second servo motor (31). The first screw (32) is coaxially arranged with the frozen soil sample (7). The first screw (32) is threadedly connected to the threaded hole opened on the lifting platform (3301). The end of the first screw (32) away from the second servo motor (31) is rotatably connected to the auxiliary support plate (8).

7. The frozen hollow cylindrical specimen cutting and preparation instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that, The external cutting tool mechanism (44) includes an external cutting tool slider (4401), an external cutting sleeve (4402) is slidably connected to one side of the external cutting tool slider (4401), a fifth servo motor (4403) is fixedly connected inside the external cutting sleeve (4402), a third screw (4404) is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the fifth servo motor (4403), and the other end of the third screw (4404) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the external cutting sleeve (4402) away from the fifth servo motor (4403). A nut sleeve (4405) is threaded onto the third screw (4404), and the nut sleeve (4405) is fixedly connected to the external cutting tool slider (4401). A second cutting blade (4406) is fixedly connected to the outside of the external cutting sleeve (4402), and the second cutting blade (4406) corresponds to the outer wall of the frozen soil sample (7). The external cutting drive unit includes a fourth servo motor (41), which is fixedly connected to the main frame (1). The output shaft of the fourth servo motor (41) is fixedly connected to a second screw (42). The end of the second screw (42) away from the fourth servo motor (41) is rotatably connected to the top of the main frame (1). An auxiliary slide rod (43) is fixedly connected between the main frame (1) and the auxiliary support plate (8). The auxiliary slide rod (43) is parallel to the second screw (42). The external cutting tool slider (4401) is threadedly connected to the second screw (42). The external cutting tool slider (4401) is slidably connected to the auxiliary slide rod (43).

8. A sample preparation apparatus for cutting and freezing hollow cylindrical specimens according to claim 4, characterized in that, The adjustment structure includes an adjustment inlet hole opened on one side of the rotary table (3302). The adjustment inlet hole is arranged radially along the rotary table (3302). A fourth gear (3307) is rotatably connected in the adjustment inlet hole. The fourth gear (3307) is connected to the adjustment gear transmission.

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