A tool and method for strip foundation coordinate positioning and planimetric surveying

Abstract

The application discloses a tool for strip foundation coordinate positioning and plane measurement, which comprises a level, a horizontal keel, a marker post and two movable scales, wherein the level is installed on the horizontal keel; the marker post comprises a support and an adjusting rod, the support is fixed at one end of the horizontal keel, the adjusting rod is arranged perpendicularly to the horizontal keel, the adjusting rod can be adjusted in position on the support in the vertical direction, and the adjusting rod is provided with a first abutting portion at one end; the movable scale comprises a sleeve, a vertical adjusting rod and a positioning pile guide portion, the sleeve is slidably connected with the horizontal keel, the vertical adjusting rod is arranged perpendicularly to the horizontal keel, the vertical adjusting rod can be adjusted in position on the sleeve in the vertical direction, the vertical adjusting rod is provided with a second abutting portion at one end, and the positioning pile guide portion is fixed on the sleeve; and the first abutting portion and the second abutting portion are located on the same side of the horizontal keel. The tool overcomes the problem that strip foundation of a protective fence is measured by using a total station instrument / level, and human and material resources are easily wasted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of building construction, and in particular to a tool and construction method for coordinate positioning and planar measurement of strip foundations. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, strip foundation concrete construction typically uses total stations / levels for positioning or plane control. These instruments usually require two to three professional surveyors working together, resulting in a significant investment in precision instruments and manpower. Using total stations / levels for the strip foundations of guardrails incurs high labor and equipment costs, easily leading to a waste of human and material resources. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention provides a tool and construction method for coordinate positioning and planar measurement of strip foundations, in order to overcome the problem that using a total station / level to measure the strip foundations of guardrails can easily lead to a waste of manpower and resources.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0005] A tool for coordinate positioning and plane measurement of a strip foundation includes: a level, a horizontal keel, a marker rod, and two movable rulers, wherein the level is mounted on the horizontal keel;

[0006] The marker includes a support and an adjusting rod. The support is fixed to one end of a horizontal keel, and the adjusting rod is set perpendicular to the horizontal keel. The adjusting rod can be adjusted in position on the support in a vertical direction, and one end of the adjusting rod is provided with a first abutment part.

[0007] The movable ruler includes a sleeve, a vertical adjusting rod, and a positioning pile guide. The sleeve is slidably connected to the horizontal keel. The vertical adjusting rod is set perpendicular to the horizontal keel. The vertical adjusting rod can be adjusted in position on the sleeve in the vertical direction. One end of the vertical adjusting rod is provided with a second abutment. The positioning pile guide is fixed on the sleeve.

[0008] The first abutment and the second abutment are located on the same side of the horizontal keel.

[0009] Furthermore, the support is provided with a through hole, and a first nut and a second nut are respectively fixed on the two end faces of the through hole. The adjusting rod is provided with a thread on its outer circumference, and the adjusting rod is connected to the support by the thread.

[0010] The sleeve has a through hole, and a first vertical nut and a second vertical nut are fixed on the two end faces of the through hole, respectively. The vertical adjusting rod has a thread on its outer circumference, and the vertical adjusting rod is connected to the sleeve by the thread.

[0011] Furthermore, the movable scale also includes a horizontal locking lever;

[0012] The horizontal locking rod has threads on its outer circumference, and a first horizontal nut is fixed on the sleeve. The horizontal locking rod and the sleeve are connected by threads, and one end of the horizontal locking rod can abut against the surface of the horizontal keel after passing through the first horizontal nut and the outer wall of the sleeve.

[0013] Furthermore, the guide portion of the positioning pile is provided with a semi-circular groove, the opening of the groove being away from the sleeve, and the axis of the semi-circle being parallel to the center line of the vertical adjusting rod. Along the length direction of the horizontal keel, the axis is located between the center lines of the vertical adjusting rods of the two movable scales.

[0014] Furthermore, the first abutting part is a base, which includes a bottom plate and a vertical plate fixed to one end of the bottom plate;

[0015] The adjusting rod is fitted with a first baffle, which is fixed to the base plate by threaded fasteners. The end of the adjusting rod near the base is provided with a hemispherical head, and the base plate is provided with a hemispherical groove. The first baffle and the hemispherical groove form a first space to accommodate the hemispherical head, which can rotate within the first space.

[0016] Furthermore, the benchmark also includes a locking nut;

[0017] The locking nut is sleeved on the adjusting rod, and the locking nut is located at the end of the first nut away from the support.

[0018] Furthermore, the movable scale also includes a vertical locking nut and a horizontal locking nut;

[0019] The vertical locking nut is sleeved on the vertical adjusting rod, and the vertical locking nut is located at the end of the first vertical nut away from the sleeve;

[0020] The horizontal locking nut is sleeved on the horizontal locking rod, and the horizontal locking nut is located at the end of the first horizontal nut away from the sleeve.

[0021] Furthermore, the second contact part is a ruler base plate;

[0022] A second baffle is fitted onto the vertical adjustment rod. The second baffle is fixed to the scale base plate by threaded fasteners. A scale hemispherical head is provided at one end of the vertical adjustment rod near the scale base plate. The scale base plate is provided with a scale hemispherical groove. The second baffle and the scale hemispherical groove form a second space to accommodate the scale hemispherical head. The scale hemispherical head can rotate within the second space.

[0023] Furthermore, the horizontal keel is provided with graduations along its length, and a limit stop is fixed at the end of the horizontal keel away from the support to prevent the sleeve from detaching from the horizontal keel.

[0024] This invention also includes a construction method for strip foundation construction using tools for strip foundation coordinate positioning and plane measurement, comprising the following steps:

[0025] S1: Slide the movable ruler close to the marker according to the parameters in the construction drawings, so that the distance between the positioning pile guide part of the movable ruler and the curb stone is the same as that in the construction drawings. Then adjust another movable ruler according to the width of the strip foundation so that the distance between the positioning pile guide parts of the two movable rulers is the same as the width of the strip foundation.

[0026] S2: The first abutment part is abutted against the curb stone. The construction workers mark the ground on the two sides of the second abutment part that are far apart. The excavation is carried out based on the mark. During the excavation, an additional part of the working area is excavated outside the mark on both sides.

[0027] S3: Adjust the adjusting rod to set the distance between the bottom surface of the first contact part and the bottom surface of the horizontal keel to a height y of the rod that is not less than the height of the excavated soil above the curb stone.

[0028] Calculate the bottom elevation of the foundation pit based on the sidewalk parameters on the construction drawings. The sidewalk drainage slope is i%, the sidewalk width is x, and the formwork height is a. Adjust the vertical adjustment rod so that the distance between the bottom surface of the second abutment part and the bottom surface of the horizontal keel is equal to the bottom elevation of the foundation pit = x*i%+a+y.

[0029] S4: Excavation of the foundation pit. Construction workers use tools to check the depth of the foundation pit. The first abutment part is placed against the curb stone, and the second abutment part is placed against the bottom of the foundation pit. They observe whether the water droplet on the level is centered. If it is centered, the depth requirement is met. Otherwise, the depth of the foundation pit is adjusted until the water droplet is centered.

[0030] S5: Construction workers drive positioning piles through the positioning pile guide section;

[0031] S6: Using the positioning stake as a reference, set up a 10-20cm wide wooden block at the bottom of the foundation pit. Place the wooden block perpendicular to the positioning stake. Use tools to check and ensure that the elevation of the top surface of the wooden block is equal to the elevation of the bottom of the foundation pit. Place the second abutment part against the top surface of the wooden block and observe whether the water droplet on the level is centered. If it is centered, the depth requirement is met. Otherwise, adjust the wooden block until the water droplet is centered.

[0032] S7: The bottom of the template is placed on the top of the timber, while the sides of the template rest against the positioning stakes for template installation. After the template is installed, it is reinforced with tie rods.

[0033] S8: After the template installation and reinforcement are completed, the construction personnel adjust the vertical adjustment rod so that the distance between the bottom surface of the second abutment part and the bottom surface of the horizontal keel is equal to the template elevation = x*i%+y. Use tools to check the template height, place the first abutment part against the edge stone, and observe whether the water droplet on the level is centered. If it is centered, the depth requirement is met. Otherwise, adjust the template until the water droplet is centered. At the same time, use tools to check whether the template spacing matches the tools and observe whether the second abutment part abuts the top surface of the template. If it abuts, the spacing requirement is met. Otherwise, adjust the template until the second abutment part abuts the top surface of the template.

[0034] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0035] This invention provides a tool for coordinate positioning and planar measurement of strip foundations, comprising: a level, a horizontal keel, a level rod, and two movable rulers; the position of the level rod is adjusted vertically on a support by its adjusting rod, and the position of the movable rulers is adjusted vertically on a sleeve by their adjusting rods, making the tool applicable to strip foundations of different depths; by sliding the two movable rulers to change the distance between the two movable rulers and the distance between the level rod and the movable rulers, the tool can determine the width of the strip foundation and its positioning relative to the curb; the positioning stake guide part of the movable rulers facilitates the construction personnel to limit the width of the strip foundation during pile driving;

[0036] This invention provides a tool for coordinate positioning and planar measurement of strip foundations. After adjusting the positions of the adjustment rods and vertical adjustment rods, construction personnel can observe the level to confirm whether the foundation pit and formwork of the strip foundation are in place. Compared with total station / level, it is simpler to operate, does not require multiple professional surveyors, and is more cost-effective. Attached Figure Description

[0037] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0038] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a tool for bar-based coordinate positioning and plane measurement disclosed in this invention;

[0039] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the moving scale of a tool for bar-based coordinate positioning and planar measurement disclosed in this invention.

[0040] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a benchmark for a tool for bar-based coordinate positioning and plane measurement disclosed in this invention;

[0041] Figure 4 This is a front view of a tool for bar-based coordinate positioning and plane measurement disclosed in this invention;

[0042] Figure 5 This is a top view of a tool for bar-based coordinate positioning and planar measurement disclosed in this invention;

[0043] Figure 6 for Figure 4 Enlarged view of point K;

[0044] Figure 7 for Figure 4 Enlarged view of point L;

[0045] Figure 8 for Figure 4 Enlarged view at point M;

[0046] Figure 9 for Figure 4 Enlarged view of point N;

[0047] Figure 10 for Figure 5 Enlarged view of point J;

[0048] Figure 11 This is a sidewalk design drawing disclosed in this invention;

[0049] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the foundation pit before excavation as disclosed in this invention;

[0050] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the foundation pit excavation disclosed in this invention;

[0051] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of steel piles and wooden blocks disclosed in this invention;

[0052] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the template installation disclosed in this invention;

[0053] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the template calibration method disclosed in this invention.

[0054] In the picture:

[0055] 1. Level;

[0056] 2. Horizontal keel;

[0057] 21. Limiting stop; 22. Scale; 23. Oblong hole;

[0058] 3. Benchmark;

[0059] 31. Support; 311. First nut; 312. Second nut; 32. Adjusting rod; 321. Hemispherical head; 33. Locking nut; 341. Base plate; 342. Vertical plate; 343. Hemispherical groove; 35. First baffle;

[0060] 4. Move the ruler;

[0061] 41. Sleeve; 411. First vertical nut; 412. Second vertical nut; 413. First horizontal nut; 42. Vertical adjusting rod; 421. Scale hemispherical head; 43. Horizontal locking rod; 44. Positioning stake guide part; 45. Vertical locking nut; 46. Horizontal locking nut; 47. Scale base plate; 471. Scale hemispherical groove; 48. Second baffle;

[0062] A. Road surface; B. Curbstone; C. Stepping stone; D. Sidewalk; E. Earthwork; F. Strip foundation; G. Foundation pit; H. Slope; O. Imitation wood railing; P. Timber pad; Q. Steel pile; R. Formwork. Detailed Implementation

[0063] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0064] This embodiment provides a tool for bar foundation coordinate positioning and plane measurement, such as... Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, it includes: a level 1, a level keel 2, a level rod 3, and two movable rulers 4, wherein the level 1 is mounted on the level keel 2;

[0065] like Figure 3 As shown, the marker 3 includes a support 31 and an adjusting rod 32. The support 31 is welded and fixed to one end of the horizontal keel 2. The adjusting rod 32 is set perpendicular to the horizontal keel 2. The adjusting rod 32 can be adjusted in the vertical direction on the support 31. One end of the adjusting rod 32 is provided with a first abutting part.

[0066] like Figure 2 As shown, the movable ruler 4 includes a sleeve 41, a vertical adjustment rod 42, and a positioning pile guide part 44. The sleeve 41 is slidably connected to the horizontal keel 2. The vertical adjustment rod 42 is set perpendicular to the horizontal keel 2. The vertical adjustment rod 42 can be adjusted in position on the sleeve 41 in the vertical direction. One end of the vertical adjustment rod 42 is provided with a second abutment part. The positioning pile guide part 44 is welded and fixed to the sleeve 41.

[0067] The first abutting part and the second abutting part are located on the same side of the horizontal keel 2;

[0068] The adjusting rod 32 of the marker 3 can be adjusted in the vertical direction on the support 31, and the vertical adjusting rod 42 of the movable ruler 4 can be adjusted in the vertical direction on the sleeve 41, so that the tool can be used for strip foundations of different depths, and at the same time, the horizontal keel 2 can cross the soil after the foundation pit is excavated, so as to avoid the soil affecting the measurement.

[0069] The sleeve 41 of the movable ruler 4 is slidably connected to the horizontal keel 2, so that the two movable rulers 4 can change the distance between the two movable rulers 4 and the distance between the marker 3 and the movable ruler 4 by sliding, which makes it easier for construction personnel to determine the width of the strip foundation and the positioning of the strip foundation relative to the curb stone.

[0070] The positioning pile guide part 44 fixed on the sleeve 41 of the movable ruler 4 facilitates the construction personnel to drive piles to locate the width of the strip foundation and ensures accurate positioning of the subsequent formwork.

[0071] During road construction, the strip foundation of the guardrail is constructed after the curbstone is installed. The position and top elevation of the curbstone after construction have been inspected and approved by quality inspectors. This embodiment provides a tool for coordinate positioning and plane measurement of the strip foundation. Using the curbstone after construction as a reference, after the construction personnel adjust the position of the adjusting rod 32 and the vertical adjusting rod 42, they can observe the level 1 to confirm whether the foundation pit and formwork of the strip foundation are in place. Compared with a total station / level, it is simpler to operate, does not require multiple professional surveyors, and is more cost-effective.

[0072] In a specific embodiment, the level 1 is a magnetic type, which is attached to the horizontal keel 2 by a magnet;

[0073] In actual use, a non-magnetic level 1 can also be selected. Construction workers can simply tie the level 1 to the level keel 2 with a rope.

[0074] In a specific embodiment, the support 31 is provided with a through hole, such as... Figure 8 As shown, a first nut 311 and a second nut 312 are welded and fixed on the two end faces of the through hole of the support 31, respectively. The outer circumference of the adjusting rod 32 is provided with threads, and the adjusting rod 32 is connected to the support 31 by threads.

[0075] The sleeve 41 is provided with a through hole, such as Figure 6 As shown, a first vertical nut 411 and a second vertical nut 412 are welded and fixed on the two end faces of the through hole of the sleeve 41, respectively. The vertical adjusting rod 42 is threaded on its outer circumference, and the vertical adjusting rod 42 is connected to the sleeve 41 by the thread.

[0076] In this embodiment, as Figure 5 As shown, the horizontal keel 2 is provided with an elongated hole 23, and the vertical adjustment rod 42 passes through the elongated hole 23 to prevent the vertical adjustment rod 42 from interfering with the horizontal keel 2 when it moves horizontally.

[0077] In a specific embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, the movable ruler 4 also includes a horizontal locking lever 43;

[0078] The horizontal locking rod 43 has threads on its outer circumference, such as Figure 10 As shown, a first horizontal nut 413 is welded and fixed on the sleeve 41. The horizontal locking rod 43 is connected to the sleeve 41 by a thread. One end of the horizontal locking rod 43 can abut against the surface of the horizontal keel 2 after passing through the first horizontal nut 413 and the outer wall of the sleeve 41. After the sleeve 41 is slid to the required position, the construction personnel can lock it in the horizontal direction by tightening the horizontal locking rod 43.

[0079] In a specific embodiment, the positioning pile guide part 44 is provided with a semi-circular groove. The opening of the groove is away from the sleeve 41, and the axis of the semi-circle is parallel to the center line of the vertical adjusting rod 42. The semi-circular groove allows the positioning pile to be removed from the side without having to be pulled vertically upwards after installation, making it more convenient and labor-saving. Along the length of the horizontal keel 2, the axis is located between the center lines of the vertical adjusting rods 42 of the two movable rulers 4. The template is positioned against the positioning pile during installation. Figure 15 As shown, after the template is installed, the positioning piles (steel piles Q) are located inside the two templates R, which play a certain supporting role and prevent the two templates R from shrinking inward and affecting the width of the strip foundation after pouring.

[0080] In a specific embodiment, the first abutting part is a base, such as... Figure 9 As shown, the base includes a base plate 341 and a vertical plate 342 that is vertically welded and fixed to one end of the base plate 341;

[0081] like Figure 3 As shown, a first baffle 35 is sleeved on the adjusting rod 32, and the first baffle 35 is fixed to the base plate 341 by threaded fasteners, as shown. Figure 9 As shown, the adjusting rod 32 has a hemispherical head 321 at one end near the base, and the base plate 341 has a hemispherical groove 343. The first baffle 35 and the hemispherical groove 343 form a first space to accommodate the hemispherical head 321. The hemispherical head 321 can rotate within the first space, so that the base does not rotate with the adjusting rod 32, thereby reducing the wear between the base and the curb stone, and making the rotation of the adjusting rod 32 smoother.

[0082] In a specific embodiment, such as Figure 8As shown, the marker 3 also includes a locking nut 33;

[0083] The locking nut 33 is sleeved on the adjusting rod 32. The locking nut 33 is located at the end of the first nut 311 away from the support 31, and the locking nut 33 and the first nut 311 form a double nut anti-loosening mechanism.

[0084] In a specific embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, the movable scale 4 also includes a vertical locking nut 45 and a horizontal locking nut 46;

[0085] like Figure 6 As shown, the vertical locking nut 45 is sleeved on the vertical adjusting rod 42. The vertical locking nut 45 is located at the end of the first vertical nut 411 away from the sleeve 41, and the vertical locking nut 45 and the first vertical nut 411 form a double nut anti-loosening mechanism.

[0086] like Figure 10 As shown, the horizontal locking nut 46 is sleeved on the horizontal locking rod 43. The horizontal locking nut 46 is located at the end of the first horizontal nut 413 away from the sleeve 41, and the horizontal locking nut 46 and the first horizontal nut 413 form a double nut anti-loosening mechanism.

[0087] In a specific embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, the second contact part is the scale base plate 47;

[0088] like Figure 7 As shown, a second baffle 48 is fitted onto the vertical adjustment rod 42. The second baffle 48 is fixed to the scale base plate 47 by threaded fasteners. The end of the vertical adjustment rod 42 near the scale base plate 47 is provided with a scale hemispherical head 421. The scale base plate 47 is provided with a scale hemispherical groove 471. The second baffle 48 and the scale hemispherical groove 471 form a second space to accommodate the scale hemispherical head 421. The scale hemispherical head 421 can rotate within the second space, so that the scale base plate 47 does not rotate with the vertical adjustment rod 42, thereby reducing the wear between the scale base plate 47 and the bottom surface of the pit, and making the rotation of the vertical adjustment rod 42 smoother.

[0089] In a specific embodiment, the end of the adjusting rod 32 away from the first abutment and the end of the vertical adjusting rod 42 away from the second abutment are both provided with handles. The locking nut 33, the vertical locking nut 45 and the horizontal locking nut 46 are all hand-tightening nuts to facilitate the tightening by construction personnel.

[0090] In a specific embodiment, such as Figure 4 As shown, the horizontal keel 2 has graduations 22 along its length to facilitate construction workers' observation of the distance between the two movable rulers 4, such as... Figure 5As shown, a limiting stop 21 is welded and fixed to one end of the horizontal keel 2 away from the support 31 to prevent the sleeve 41 from detaching from the horizontal keel 2.

[0091] Figure 11 The diagram shows a common sidewalk design. Curb stones B and curb stones C are laid out on both sides of the road surface A to establish the benchmark. The sidewalk D has a certain slope to facilitate drainage. A protective railing (imitation wood railing O) is installed on the concrete strip foundation F. The outer side of the protective railing has a slope H. Since the geological conditions for sidewalk construction are generally soil foundations, the elevation of the formwork is difficult to control. Therefore, the bottom elevation of the formwork needs to be accurately controlled before the formwork is installed to ensure the top elevation of the formwork and thus ensure the quality of the cast strip foundation.

[0092] In practice, the process of using tools for the excavation of the foundation pit and the adjustment of the formwork for strip foundations is as follows: Figures 12 to 16 As shown, the present invention also includes a construction method for strip foundation construction using tools for strip foundation coordinate positioning and plane measurement, comprising the following steps:

[0093] S1: Slide the movable ruler 4 close to the side of the marker 3 according to the parameters in the construction drawings, so that the distance between the positioning pile guide part 44 of the movable ruler 4 and the curb stone C is the same as that in the construction drawings (i.e., ensure the distance between the curb stone C and the strip foundation). Then adjust another movable ruler 4 according to the width of the strip foundation so that the distance between the positioning pile guide parts 44 of the two movable rulers 4 is the same as the width of the strip foundation.

[0094] S2: The first abutment part is placed on the curb stone C (i.e., the base plate 341 is placed on the top surface of the curb stone C, and the upright plate 342 is close to the side of the curb stone C). The construction workers mark the ground on the two sides of the second abutment part that are far apart, and excavation is carried out based on these marks. During excavation, an additional working area is excavated outside the marks on both sides (to provide space for the removal of the formwork R after the subsequent strip foundation is poured).

[0095] S3: Adjust the adjusting rod 32 to set the distance (determined by using a measuring tape / steel ruler) between the bottom surface of the first abutment part (bottom surface of the base plate 341) and the bottom surface of the horizontal keel 2 to a height y not less than the height of the excavated soil E above the curb stone C. Figure 13 As shown, this allows the horizontal keel 2 to cross the excavated soil E after the foundation pit G is excavated, thus avoiding the soil E affecting the measurement.

[0096] According to the construction drawings (e.g.) Figure 11The parameters of the sidewalk on the sidewalk are calculated to determine the bottom elevation of the foundation pit G of the strip foundation. The drainage slope of the sidewalk D is i%, the width of the sidewalk D is x, the height of the template R is a, and the vertical adjustment rod 42 is adjusted so that the distance between the bottom surface of the second abutment part (scale bottom plate 47) and the bottom surface of the horizontal keel 2 is equal to the bottom elevation of the foundation pit = x*i%+a+y.

[0097] S4: Excavation of foundation pit G. Construction workers use tools to check the depth of foundation pit G. The first abutment part is placed against the curb stone C, and the second abutment part is placed against the bottom surface of foundation pit G. Observe whether the water droplet on the level 1 is centered. If it is centered, the depth requirement is met. Otherwise, the depth of foundation pit G is adjusted (excavation / backfilling) until the water droplet is centered.

[0098] S5: Construction workers drive positioning piles (steel piles Q) through the positioning pile guide part 44.

[0099] S6: As Figure 14 As shown, with the positioning pile (steel pile Q) as the reference, a wooden block (staple P) with a width of 10-20cm is set at the bottom of the foundation pit G. The staple P is placed perpendicular to the steel pile Q. Use tools to check and ensure that the elevation of the top surface of the staple P is equal to the elevation of the bottom of the foundation pit G. Place the second abutment part against the top surface of the staple P and observe whether the water droplet on the level 1 is centered. If it is centered, the depth requirement is met. Otherwise, adjust the staple P until the water droplet is centered.

[0100] S7: As Figure 15 As shown, the bottom of the template R is placed on the top surface of the pad P, while the side of the template R rests against the steel pile Q for template R installation (in actual operation, the thickness of the template R is 6.5cm, and the width of the pad P is much larger than the thickness of the template R). After the template R is installed, it is reinforced by tie rods.

[0101] S8: After the template R is installed and reinforced, the construction personnel adjust the vertical adjustment rod 42 so that the distance between the bottom surface of the second abutment part and the bottom surface of the horizontal keel 2 is equal to the template elevation = x*i%+y (the template elevation differs from the bottom elevation of the foundation pit G by the height a of the template R). Figure 16 As shown, use a tool to check the height of template R, place the first abutting part against the curb stone C, and observe whether the water droplet on the level 1 is centered. If it is centered, the depth requirement is met; otherwise, adjust template R until the water droplet is centered. At the same time, use a tool to check whether the spacing of template R matches the tool, and observe whether the second abutting part abuts against the top surface of template R. If it abuts, the spacing requirement is met; otherwise, adjust template R until the second abutting part abuts against the top surface of template R.

[0102] For some large-scale road projects, the number of precision instruments and professional surveyors is limited. The need for precision instruments and professional surveyors to measure the strip foundations of guardrails will affect the progress of construction surveying of other road sections. The tool and construction method for strip foundation coordinate positioning and plane measurement provided by this invention can effectively solve this problem during construction.

[0103] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A construction method for coordinate positioning and plane measurement of a strip foundation, characterized in that, Includes tools for positioning and measuring the plane of a strip foundation, the tools including: a level (1), a horizontal keel (2), a marker (3) and two movable rulers (4), the level (1) being mounted on the horizontal keel (2); The marker (3) includes a support (31) and an adjusting rod (32). The support (31) is fixed to one end of the horizontal keel (2). The adjusting rod (32) is set perpendicular to the horizontal keel (2). The adjusting rod (32) can be adjusted in position on the support (31) in the vertical direction. One end of the adjusting rod (32) is provided with a first abutting part. The movable ruler (4) includes a sleeve (41), a vertical adjustment rod (42), and a positioning pile guide (44). The sleeve (41) is slidably connected to the horizontal keel (2). The vertical adjustment rod (42) is set perpendicular to the horizontal keel (2). The vertical adjustment rod (42) can be adjusted in position on the sleeve (41) in the vertical direction. One end of the vertical adjustment rod (42) is provided with a second abutment. The positioning pile guide (44) is fixed on the sleeve (41). The first abutment and the second abutment are located on the same side of the horizontal keel (2); The construction method uses the aforementioned tool to construct strip foundations and includes the following steps: S1: Slide the movable ruler (4) close to the marker (3) according to the parameters in the construction drawings so that the distance between the positioning pile guide part (44) of the movable ruler (4) and the curb stone is the same as in the construction drawings. Then adjust another movable ruler (4) according to the width of the strip foundation so that the distance between the positioning pile guide parts (44) of the two movable rulers (4) is the same as the width of the strip foundation. S2: The first abutment part is abutted against the curb stone. The construction workers mark the ground on the two sides of the second abutment part that are far apart. The excavation is carried out based on the mark. During the excavation, an additional part of the working area is excavated outside the mark on both sides. S3: Adjust the adjusting rod (32) to set the distance between the bottom surface of the first contact part and the bottom surface of the horizontal keel (2) to a height y that is not less than the height of the excavated soil above the curb stone; Calculate the bottom elevation of the foundation pit of the strip foundation according to the sidewalk parameters on the construction drawings. The sidewalk drainage slope is i%, the sidewalk width is x, and the template height is a. Adjust the vertical adjustment rod (42) so that the distance between the bottom surface of the second abutment part and the bottom surface of the horizontal keel (2) is equal to the bottom elevation of the foundation pit = x*i%+a+y. S4: Excavation of the foundation pit. Construction workers use tools to check the depth of the foundation pit. The first abutment part is placed against the edge stone, and the second abutment part is placed against the bottom of the foundation pit. They observe whether the water droplet on the level (1) is centered. If it is centered, the depth requirement is met. Otherwise, the depth of the foundation pit is adjusted until the water droplet is centered. S5: Construction workers drive positioning piles through the positioning pile guide part (44); S6: Using the positioning pile as a reference, set a wooden block with a width of 10-20cm at the bottom of the foundation pit. Place the wooden block perpendicular to the positioning pile. Use tools to check and ensure that the elevation of the top surface of the wooden block is equal to the elevation of the bottom of the foundation pit. Place the second abutment part against the top surface of the wooden block and observe whether the water droplet is centered on the level (1). If it is centered, the depth requirement is met. Otherwise, adjust the wooden block until the water droplet is centered. S7: The bottom of the template is placed on the top of the timber, while the sides of the template rest against the positioning stakes for template installation. After the template is installed, it is reinforced with tie rods. S8: After the template installation and reinforcement are completed, the construction personnel adjust the vertical adjustment rod (42) so that the distance between the bottom surface of the second abutment part and the bottom surface of the horizontal keel (2) is equal to the template elevation = x*i%+y. Use tools to check the template height, place the first abutment part against the edge stone, and observe whether the water droplet on the level (1) is centered. If it is centered, the depth requirement is met. Otherwise, adjust the template until the water droplet is centered. At the same time, use tools to check whether the template spacing matches the tools and observe whether the second abutment part abuts the top surface of the template. If it abuts, the spacing requirement is met. Otherwise, adjust the template until the second abutment part abuts the top surface of the template.

2. The construction method for coordinate positioning and plane measurement of strip foundations according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support (31) is provided with a through hole, and a first nut (311) and a second nut (312) are fixed on the two end faces of the through hole of the support (31) respectively. The adjusting rod (32) is provided with a thread on its outer circumference, and the adjusting rod (32) is connected to the support (31) by the thread. The sleeve (41) is provided with a through hole, and a first vertical nut (411) and a second vertical nut (412) are fixed on the two end faces of the through hole of the sleeve (41) respectively. The vertical adjusting rod (42) is provided with a thread on its outer circumference, and the vertical adjusting rod (42) is connected to the sleeve (41) by the thread.

3. The construction method for coordinate positioning and plane measurement of strip foundations according to claim 2, characterized in that, The movable scale (4) also includes a horizontal locking lever (43); The horizontal locking rod (43) has a thread on its outer periphery, and a first horizontal nut (413) is fixed on the sleeve (41). The horizontal locking rod (43) and the sleeve (41) are connected by threads. One end of the horizontal locking rod (43) can abut against the surface of the horizontal keel (2) after passing through the first horizontal nut (413) and the outer wall of the sleeve (41).

4. The construction method for coordinate positioning and plane measurement of strip foundations according to claim 1, characterized in that, The positioning pile guide part (44) is provided with a semi-circular groove. The opening of the groove is away from the sleeve (41). The axis of the semi-circle is parallel to the center line of the vertical adjustment rod (42). Along the length direction of the horizontal keel (2), the axis is located between the center lines of the vertical adjustment rods (42) of the two movable rulers (4).

5. The construction method for coordinate positioning and plane measurement of strip foundations according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first abutting part is a base, which includes a base plate (341) and a vertical plate (342) fixed to one end of the base plate (341). The adjusting rod (32) is fitted with a first baffle (35), which is fixed to the base plate (341) by threaded fasteners. The adjusting rod (32) has a hemispherical head (321) at one end near the base, and the base plate (341) has a hemispherical groove (343). The first baffle (35) and the hemispherical groove (343) form a first space to accommodate the hemispherical head (321), which can rotate within the first space.

6. The construction method for coordinate positioning and plane measurement of strip foundations according to claim 2, characterized in that, The benchmark (3) also includes a locking nut (33); The locking nut (33) is sleeved on the adjusting rod (32), and the locking nut (33) is located at the end of the first nut (311) away from the support (31).

7. The construction method for coordinate positioning and plane measurement of strip foundations according to claim 3, characterized in that, The movable scale (4) also includes a vertical locking nut (45) and a horizontal locking nut (46). The vertical locking nut (45) is sleeved on the vertical adjusting rod (42), and the vertical locking nut (45) is located at the end of the first vertical nut (411) away from the sleeve (41); The horizontal locking nut (46) is sleeved on the horizontal locking rod (43), and the horizontal locking nut (46) is located at the end of the first horizontal nut (413) away from the sleeve (41).

8. The construction method for coordinate positioning and plane measurement of strip foundations according to claim 3, characterized in that, The second contact part is the scale base plate (47); The vertical adjustment rod (42) is fitted with a second baffle (48), which is fixed to the scale base plate (47) by threaded fasteners. The vertical adjustment rod (42) has a scale hemispherical head (421) at one end near the scale base plate (47). The scale base plate (47) has a scale hemispherical groove (471). The second baffle (48) and the scale hemispherical groove (471) form a second space to accommodate the scale hemispherical head (421). The scale hemispherical head (421) can rotate within the second space.

9. The construction method for coordinate positioning and plane measurement of strip foundations according to claim 1, characterized in that, The horizontal keel (2) has a scale (22) along its length. A limit stop (21) is fixed at one end of the horizontal keel (2) away from the support (31) to prevent the sleeve (41) from detaching from the horizontal keel (2).

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