An automobile motor shaft neck key groove slotting device and a slotting method

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of slotting devices, in particular to a slotting device for a neck key groove of an automobile motor shaft, which comprises a base, two groups of side plates are fixedly installed on the base, fixed clamping blocks are fixedly arranged on the two groups of side plates, a storage plate is fixedly installed between the two groups of side plates, and a sliding plate is slidably arranged on the storage plate; a fixing assembly comprises a bidirectional driving structure and clamping structures which are connected in linkage, each group of the clamping structures is arranged on the side plate and cooperates with the fixed clamping block, the bidirectional driving structure can drive the clamping structures to move towards or away from the fixed clamping block, and the motor shaft to be machined is fixed or released; a slotting mechanism is arranged on the storage plate and comprises a reciprocating assembly and a lifting assembly, the reciprocating assembly is connected with the sliding plate, and in the process that the reciprocating assembly drives the sliding plate to reciprocate along the axial direction of the motor shaft, the lifting assembly can drive a rotating structure slidably arranged on a rotating shaft to move towards the motor shaft.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of grooving device technology, specifically a grooving device and method for keyway grooving of automotive motor journals. Background Technology

[0002] Electric motors are a common power source for many machines and are ubiquitous in daily life. They are devices that convert electrical energy into mechanical energy. In modern life, the motor shaft needs to be connected to other machines. To connect these machines, keyways need to be cut into the motor shaft. Current machining equipment typically uses a milling cutter to cut the keyway into the motor shaft in one go. This process results in significant friction between the milling cutter and the motor shaft, causing both to overheat and reducing the lifespan of the milling cutter. It may also damage the machined motor shaft, leading to losses. Therefore, a keyway cutting device for automotive motor shaft journals is needed to solve these problems. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a grooving device and method for keyway cutting of automotive motor journals, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0005] A keyway grooving device for automotive motor journals includes a base, on which two sets of side plates are fixedly mounted. Each of the two sets of side plates is fixedly provided with a clamping block, and a storage plate is fixedly mounted between the two sets of side plates. A sliding plate is slidably mounted on the storage plate, and a rotating shaft is rotatably mounted on the sliding plate.

[0006] The fixing component includes a bidirectional drive structure and a clamping structure that are linked together. The clamping structure is provided in two sets. Each set of the clamping structure is disposed on the side plate and cooperates with the fixing clamping block. The bidirectional drive structure can drive the clamping structure to move toward or away from the fixing clamping block in order to fix or release the motor shaft body to be processed placed on the fixing clamping block.

[0007] The grooving mechanism, set on the shelf, includes a reciprocating motion component and a lifting component. The reciprocating motion component is connected to the sliding plate. During the process of the reciprocating motion component driving the sliding plate to reciprocate along the axial direction of the motor shaft body, the lifting component is triggered, which can drive the rotating structure slidably mounted on the rotating shaft to move toward the motor shaft body.

[0008] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the bidirectional drive structure includes a fixed plate fixedly disposed on the two sets of side plates, a bidirectional cylinder is mounted on the fixed plate, and a movable plate is fixedly disposed on each of the two sets of telescopic ends of the bidirectional cylinder and slidably connected to the side plate. An inclined groove is formed on the side of the movable plate away from the bidirectional cylinder.

[0009] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the clamping structure includes a movable clamping block slidably disposed on the side plate, a connecting rod fixedly disposed on the side of the movable clamping block facing the bidirectional cylinder, and a pulley rotatably mounted on the end of the connecting rod away from the movable clamping block, the pulley being slidably disposed in the inclined groove.

[0010] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the reciprocating motion component includes an adjustment structure and an adaptation structure. The adjustment structure includes a first lead screw rotatably mounted in a first placement slot opened on the placement plate. A first threaded sleeve is provided on the first lead screw and threadedly connected thereto. A movable pulley is rotatably mounted on the first threaded sleeve facing the side of the base.

[0011] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the adaptive structure includes a fixed rod fixedly disposed in a second storage slot opened on the storage plate, a spring slidably disposed on the fixed rod, one end of the spring abutting against the storage plate, and the other end abutting against a sliding sleeve slidably disposed on the fixed rod, a driven pulley rotatably mounted on the side of the sliding sleeve facing the base, the driven pulley being connected to a movable pulley and a fixed pulley rotatably mounted on the storage plate via a belt, and the fixed pulley being fixedly connected to a motor output shaft fixedly mounted on the storage plate, and a protrusion fixedly disposed on the belt, the protrusion being slidably connected to the sliding plate.

[0012] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the lifting assembly includes a second lead screw rotatably mounted on the rotating shaft, a second threaded sleeve threadedly connected to the second lead screw, and a ratchet fixedly mounted at one end of the second lead screw facing the sliding plate, the ratchet cooperating with a ratchet plate fixedly mounted on the placement plate.

[0013] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the rotating structure includes a sleeve ring rotatably mounted on the second threaded sleeve, the sleeve ring having two sets of connecting rods equidistantly arranged along its circumference, the ends of the two sets of connecting rods away from the sleeve ring having an installation component fixedly mounted thereon, and the end of the installation component away from the sleeve ring having a milling cutter detachably mounted thereon.

[0014] As a further aspect of the present invention, a method for slotting the keyway of an automotive motor journal is also proposed, employing the aforementioned device for slotting the keyway of an automotive motor journal, comprising the following steps:

[0015] Step 1: In the initial state, the No. 2 threaded sleeve is in contact with the ratchet, the moving clamping block and the fixed clamping block are far apart, the motor shaft body to be processed is passed through one of the side plates and placed on the two sets of fixed clamping blocks, then the bidirectional cylinder is started, the moving clamping block moves toward the fixed clamping block, and the motor shaft body to be processed is fixed between the moving clamping block and the fixed clamping block.

[0016] Step 2: Adjust the first lead screw to drive the first threaded sleeve to move along the axial direction of the first lead screw, so as to change the distance between the fixed pulley and the driven pulley to adapt to the opening of keyways of different lengths.

[0017] Step 3: Start motor 2. The rotating shaft can drive the milling cutter that is slidably set on the rotating shaft to rotate in the same direction. Then start motor 1. The belt will continue to rotate in the same direction, which can drive the sliding plate to reciprocate along the length of the shelf.

[0018] Step 4: Motor 1 and Motor 2 continue to work, and the ratchet and ratchet plate moving towards the fixed pulley enter the meshing transmission state, which can drive the second lead screw to rotate, and then drive the second threaded sleeve to drive the milling cutter to move towards the motor shaft body.

[0019] Step 5: The belt drives the sliding plate to gradually move away from the fixed pulley. At this time, the ratchet is not engaged with the ratchet plate, the position and height of the milling cutter remain unchanged, and it moves with the sliding plate to cut the keyway of the motor shaft.

[0020] Step Six: Repeat steps four and five above to complete the cutting of the motor neck keyway.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0022] By setting a fixing component and utilizing the combination of the bidirectional drive structure and the clamping structure, the motor shaft body to be processed can be fixedly clamped between the two sets of side plates, so that the motor shaft body will not rotate during subsequent processing, which is beneficial for the opening of the keyway.

[0023] By setting up a grooving mechanism and utilizing the cooperation between the reciprocating component and the lifting component, the sliding plate can be driven to reciprocate along the axial direction of the shelf, thereby driving the rotating shaft to reciprocate along the axial direction of the motor shaft body. This allows the milling cutter mounted on the rotating shaft to perform "Z"-shaped groove cutting on the motor shaft body. Compared with traditional one-time groove cutting, this reduces the friction between the milling cutter and the motor shaft body during groove cutting, preventing wear and tear on the milling cutter and motor shaft body due to excessive temperature. At the same time, by adjusting the adjustment structure within the reciprocating motion component, the travel distance of the sliding plate's reciprocating motion can be changed, thereby altering the cutting length of the milling cutter. This improves the practicality of the device, making it suitable for cutting grooves of different lengths. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a keyway grooving device for automotive motor journals and one embodiment thereof.

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the sliding plate and the side plate in one embodiment of a keyway grooving device for automotive motor journals.

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the reciprocating motion component in one embodiment of a keyway grooving device for automotive motor journals.

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the adjustment structure in one embodiment of a keyway grooving device for automotive motor journals.

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of a keyway grooving device for automotive motor journals.

[0029] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the grooving mechanism in one embodiment of a grooving device for keyway grooves on automotive motor journals.

[0030] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the rotating structure in one embodiment of a keyway grooving device for automotive motor journals.

[0031] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the fixing component and the motor shaft in one embodiment of a keyway grooving device for automotive motor journals.

[0032] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fixing component in one embodiment of a keyway grooving device for automotive motor journals.

[0033] In the diagram: 1. Base; 2. Shelf; 3. Movable plate; 4. Movable clamping block; 5. Support rod; 6. Sliding sleeve; 7. No. 1 threaded sleeve; 8. Inclined groove; 9. Motor shaft body; 10. Milling cutter; 11. Mounting component; 12. Rotating shaft; 13. Side plate; 14. Second lead screw; 15. Sliding plate; 16. Belt; 17. Ratchet; 18. Driven pulley; 19. Fixed pulley; 20. Spring; 21. Movable pulley 22. Protruding pin; 23. First lead screw; 24. Fixed rod; 25. Sliding groove; 26. Second motor; 27. Ratchet plate; 28. Connecting rod; 29. ​​Second threaded sleeve; 30. Connecting ring; 31. Slider; 32. Guide groove; 33. Moving groove; 34. Fixed clamping block; 35. Snap-fit ​​groove; 36. Fixed plate; 37. Snap-fit ​​block; 38. Connecting rod; 39. Pulley; 40. Two-way cylinder; 41. First motor. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] Furthermore, elements in this invention are referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another element, which may be directly on the other element or may also include an intervening element. When an element is considered to be "connected" to another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or may also include an intervening element. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementations.

[0036] Please see Figures 1-9 In this embodiment of the invention, a keyway grooving device for an automotive motor journal includes a base 1, on which two sets of side plates 13 are fixedly installed. Each of the two sets of side plates 13 is fixedly provided with a fixing clamping block 34, and a storage plate 2 is fixedly installed between the two sets of side plates 13. A sliding plate 15 is slidably provided on the storage plate 2, and a rotating shaft 12 is rotatably installed on the sliding plate 15.

[0037] For details, please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 6 The aforementioned sliding plate 15 is slidably connected to the support rod 5 fixedly disposed between the two sets of side plates 13, so that the sliding plate 15 slides along the length direction of the shelf 2, and the sliding plate 15 has a sliding groove 25 on the side facing the shelf 2. The rotating shaft 12 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the second motor 26 fixedly mounted on the sliding plate 15. When the second motor 26 is started, the rotating shaft 12 follows the output shaft of the second motor 26 and rotates continuously in the same direction.

[0038] The fixing component includes a bidirectional drive structure and a clamping structure that are linked together. The clamping structure is provided in two sets. Each set of the clamping structure is provided on the side plate 13 and cooperates with the fixing clamping block 34. The bidirectional drive structure can drive the clamping structure to move toward or away from the fixing clamping block 34 in order to fix or release the motor shaft body 9 to be processed placed on the fixing clamping block 34.

[0039] The bidirectional drive structure includes a fixed plate 36 fixedly mounted on two sets of side plates 13. A bidirectional cylinder 40 is mounted on the fixed plate 36. The two sets of telescopic ends of the bidirectional cylinder 40 are each fixedly provided with a movable plate 3 that is slidably connected to the side plate 13. An inclined groove 8 is provided on the side of the movable plate 3 away from the bidirectional cylinder 40.

[0040] For details, please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 The movable plate 3 is provided with snap-fit ​​grooves 35 on both parallel surfaces of the base 1, and the two sets of side plates 13 are provided with through grooves adapted to the movable plate 3, so that the movable plate 3 can slide relative to the side plate 13 and not detach from the side plate 13.

[0041] The clamping structure includes a movable clamping block 4 slidably disposed on the side plate 13. A connecting rod 38 is fixedly disposed on the side of the movable clamping block 4 facing the bidirectional cylinder 40. A pulley 39 is rotatably mounted on the end of the connecting rod 38 away from the movable clamping block 4. The pulley 39 is slidably disposed in the inclined groove 8.

[0042] For details, please refer to Figure 8 , Figure 9 Both the movable clamping block 4 and the fixed clamping block 34 are provided with arc-shaped clamping surfaces, which can fit against the motor shaft body 9 to clamp the motor shaft body 9. A snap-fit ​​block 37 is fixedly provided at the end of the movable clamping block 4 that fits against the side plate 13. The snap-fit ​​block 37 is slidably disposed in the movable groove 33 opened on the side plate 13. In the initial state, the two sets of telescopic ends of the bidirectional cylinder 40 pull the two sets of movable plates 3 closer together. The pulley 39, which is slidably disposed in the inclined groove 8, is located at the first end of the inclined groove 8. At this time, the movable clamping block 4 is away from the fixed clamping block 34. In use, the motor shaft body 9 to be processed must first be inserted into the through groove opened on one of the side plates 13. Inside, the insertion end of the motor shaft body 9 is placed on the fixed clamping block 34. Then, the bidirectional cylinder 40 is activated, and the two sets of telescopic ends push the two sets of moving plates 3 away from each other. At this time, the side wall of the inclined groove 8 and the pulley 39 are squeezed, which can push the pulley 39 to descend vertically along the space of the base 1. At this time, under the action of the connecting rod 38, the moving clamping block 4 moves along the moving groove 33 toward the fixed clamping block 34 until the pulley 39 moves to the end of the stroke of the inclined groove 8. The moving clamping block 4 and the fixed clamping block 34 cooperate to fix the motor shaft body 9 to be processed between the two sets of side plates 13, and it will not move relative to the side plates 13, which is beneficial to the subsequent processing work.

[0043] In this embodiment of the invention, by setting a fixing component and utilizing the cooperation of the bidirectional drive structure and the clamping structure, the motor shaft body 9 to be processed can be fixedly clamped between the two sets of side plates 13, so that the motor shaft body 9 will not rotate during subsequent processing, which is beneficial to the opening of the keyway.

[0044] As one embodiment of the present invention, please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 A keyway grooving device for an automotive motor shaft journal, further comprising a grooving mechanism disposed on a placement plate 2, including a reciprocating motion component and a lifting component. The reciprocating motion component is connected to the sliding plate 15. During the process in which the reciprocating motion component drives the sliding plate 15 to reciprocate along the axial direction of the motor shaft body 9, the lifting component is triggered, which can drive the rotating structure slidably mounted on the rotating shaft 12 to move toward the motor shaft body 9.

[0045] The reciprocating motion component includes an adjustment structure and an adaptation structure. The adjustment structure includes a first lead screw 23 rotatably installed in a first storage slot on the storage plate 2. A first threaded sleeve 7 is provided on the first lead screw 23 and is threadedly connected to it. A movable pulley 21 is rotatably installed on the first threaded sleeve 7 facing the side of the base 1.

[0046] In particular, please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 The aforementioned threaded sleeve 7 has an "I" shaped structure and is slidably connected to the shelf 2. Specifically, a knob is fixedly installed at one end of the first lead screw 23 that passes through the shelf 2. By rotating the knob, the first lead screw 23 can be driven to rotate, thereby driving the threaded sleeve 7 to move along the axial direction of the first lead screw 23, which in turn drives the movable pulley 21 to move closer to or away from the knob along the axial direction of the first lead screw 23.

[0047] The adaptive structure includes a fixed rod 24 fixedly installed in the second storage slot opened on the storage plate 2. A spring 20 is slidably installed on the fixed rod 24. One end of the spring 20 abuts against the storage plate 2, and the other end abuts against the sliding sleeve 6 slidably installed on the fixed rod 24. A driven pulley 18 is rotatably installed on the side of the sliding sleeve 6 facing the base 1. The driven pulley 18 is connected to a movable pulley 21 and a fixed pulley 19 rotatably installed on the storage plate 2 via a belt 16. The fixed pulley 19 is fixedly connected to the motor output shaft fixedly installed on the storage plate 2. A protrusion 22 is fixedly installed on the belt 16. The protrusion 22 is slidably connected to the sliding plate 15.

[0048] In particular, please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 5 The aforementioned sliding sleeve 6 is configured in an "I" shape and is slidably connected to the shelf 2. In the initial state, the aforementioned spring 20 is in a compressed state. The compressed spring 20 pushes the sliding sleeve 6 to abut against the shelf 2. At this time, the moving pulley 21, the driven pulley 18, and the fixed pulley 19 form a triangular structure with the belt 16. The first threaded sleeve 7 is away from the knob, and the distance between the moving pulley 21 and the fixed pulley 19 is the largest. As can be seen from the above, when the first screw 23 drives the first threaded sleeve 7 to gradually approach the knob along its axial direction, due to the connection of the fixed length belt 16, the sliding sleeve 6 will move towards the fixed pulley 19 along the axial direction of the fixed rod 24, thereby shortening the distance between the fixed pulley 19 and the driven pulley 18, thus shortening the stroke of the sliding plate 15.

[0049] The lifting assembly includes a second lead screw 14 rotatably mounted on the rotating shaft 12. The second lead screw 14 is provided with a second threaded sleeve 29 threadedly connected thereto. A ratchet 17 is fixedly mounted on one end of the second lead screw 14 facing the sliding plate 15. The ratchet 17 cooperates with a ratchet plate 27 fixedly mounted on the storage plate 2.

[0050] For details, please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 6 The aforementioned ratchet plate 27 has a series of equally spaced placement slots, and a pawl is rotatably installed in the placement slot. The pawl is connected to the ratchet plate 27 through a spring piece, so that the pawl is always kept in an open state. When the sliding plate 15 is driven by the belt 16 to move from the fixed pulley 19 to the driven pulley 18, the ratchet 17 meshes with the ratchet plate 27 and rotates, thereby driving the second lead screw 14 to rotate relative to the rotating shaft 12, driving the second threaded sleeve 29 to gradually move away from the ratchet 17, thereby driving the rotating structure to move towards the motor shaft body 9 to slot the motor shaft body 9.

[0051] The rotating structure includes a sleeve ring 30 rotatably mounted on the second threaded sleeve 29. The sleeve ring 30 is provided with two sets of connecting rods 28 equidistantly along its circumference. The ends of the two sets of connecting rods 28 away from the sleeve ring 30 are fixedly provided with mounting parts 11. The end of the mounting parts 11 away from the sleeve ring 30 is detachably mounted with a milling cutter 10.

[0052] For details, please refer to Figure 7 Two sets of sliders 31 are equidistantly arranged along the circumference of the end of the rotating shaft 12 away from the sliding plate 15. The sliders 31 are slidably arranged in the guide groove 32 opened on the inner wall of the mounting part 11 so that the mounting part 11 can only slide along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 12. In use, the second motor 26 is started first, and the rotating shaft 12 can drive the mounting part 11 to rotate continuously in the same direction. Then the first motor 41 is turned on, and the belt 16 rotates continuously in the same direction, which can drive the sliding plate 15 to slide along the length direction of the placement plate 2, thereby driving the milling cutter 10 to cut the groove of the motor shaft body 9. After the ratchet 17 and the ratchet plate 27 enter the meshing transmission state, the milling cutter 10 moves towards the motor shaft body 9, and can deepen the groove, completing the Z-shaped cut of the groove. Compared with the one-time groove cut, it can reduce the friction between the milling cutter 10 and the motor shaft body 9, and prevent the milling cutter 10 and the motor shaft body 9 from being worn due to excessive temperature.

[0053] In this embodiment of the invention, by setting a grooving mechanism, the cooperation between the reciprocating component and the lifting component can drive the sliding plate 15 to reciprocate along the axial direction of the placement plate 2, thereby driving the rotating shaft 12 to reciprocate along the axial direction of the motor shaft body 9, so that the milling cutter 10 mounted on the rotating shaft 12 can perform "Z"-shaped groove cutting on the motor shaft body 9. Compared with the traditional one-time groove cutting, the friction generated between the milling cutter 10 and the motor shaft body 9 during groove cutting can be reduced, preventing the milling cutter 10 and the motor shaft body 9 from being worn due to excessive temperature. At the same time, by adjusting the adjustment structure in the reciprocating motion component, the stroke distance of the reciprocating motion of the sliding plate 15 can be changed, thereby changing the cutting length of the milling cutter 10, improving the practicality of the device to suit groove cutting of different lengths.

[0054] As an embodiment of the present invention, a method for slotting the keyway of an automotive motor journal is also proposed, which uses the aforementioned device for slotting the keyway of an automotive motor journal and includes the following steps:

[0055] Step 1: In the initial state, the No. 2 threaded sleeve 29 is in contact with the ratchet 17, the movable clamping block 4 is away from the fixed clamping block 34, the motor shaft body 9 to be processed is passed through one of the side plates 13 and placed on the two sets of fixed clamping blocks 34, then the bidirectional cylinder 40 is activated, the movable clamping block 4 moves toward the fixed clamping block 34, and the motor shaft body 9 to be processed is fixed between the movable clamping block 4 and the fixed clamping block 34;

[0056] Step 2: Adjust the first lead screw 23 to drive the first threaded sleeve 7 to move along the axial direction of the first lead screw 23, so as to change the distance between the fixed pulley 19 and the driven pulley 18 to adapt to the opening of keyways of different lengths.

[0057] Step 3: Start motor 26, the rotating shaft 12 can drive the milling cutter 10, which is slidably mounted on the rotating shaft 12, to rotate in the same direction. Then start motor 41, the belt 16 rotates continuously in the same direction, which can drive the sliding plate 15 to reciprocate along the length of the shelf 2.

[0058] Step 4: Motor 1 41 and Motor 26 continue to work, and the ratchet 17 moving toward the fixed pulley 19 and the ratchet plate 27 enter the meshing transmission state, driving the second lead screw 14 to rotate, and then driving the second threaded sleeve 29 to drive the milling cutter 10 to move toward the motor shaft body 9.

[0059] Step 5: The belt 16 drives the sliding plate 15 to gradually move away from the fixed pulley 19. At this time, the ratchet 17 is not engaged with the ratchet plate 27, the position height of the milling cutter 10 remains unchanged, and it moves with the sliding plate 15 to cut the keyway of the motor shaft.

[0060] Step Six: Repeat steps four and five above to complete the cutting of the motor neck keyway.

[0061] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0062] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A grooving device for keyway cutting of automotive motor journals, characterized in that, include: The base (1) has two sets of side plates (13) fixedly installed on it. Each of the two sets of side plates (13) is fixedly provided with a clamping block (34), and a shelf (2) is fixedly installed between the two sets of side plates (13). A sliding plate (15) is slidably provided on the shelf (2), and a rotating shaft (12) is rotatably installed on the sliding plate (15). The fixing component includes a bidirectional drive structure and a clamping structure that are linked together. The clamping structure is provided in two sets. Each set of the clamping structure is provided on the side plate (13) and cooperates with the fixing clamping block (34). The bidirectional drive structure can drive the clamping structure to move toward or away from the fixing clamping block (34) to fix or release the motor shaft body (9) to be processed placed on the fixing clamping block (34). The grooving mechanism is set on the shelf (2) and includes a reciprocating motion component and a lifting component. The reciprocating motion component is connected to the sliding plate (15). During the process of the reciprocating motion component driving the sliding plate (15) to reciprocate along the axial direction of the motor shaft body (9), the lifting component is triggered and can drive the rotating structure slidably mounted on the rotating shaft (12) to move toward the motor shaft body (9). The bidirectional drive structure includes a fixed plate (36) fixedly mounted on two sets of side plates (13), a bidirectional cylinder (40) is mounted on the fixed plate (36), and a movable plate (3) is fixedly mounted on both telescopic ends of the bidirectional cylinder (40) and slidably connected to the side plate (13). An inclined groove (8) is provided on the side of the movable plate (3) away from the bidirectional cylinder (40). The reciprocating motion component includes an adjustment structure and an adaptation structure. The adjustment structure includes a first lead screw (23) rotatably installed in a first storage slot on the storage plate (2). A first threaded sleeve (7) is provided on the first lead screw (23) and threadedly connected thereto. A movable pulley (21) is rotatably installed on the side of the first threaded sleeve (7) facing the base (1). The lifting assembly includes a second lead screw (14) rotatably mounted on the rotating shaft (12), a second threaded sleeve (29) threadedly connected to the second lead screw (14), and a ratchet (17) fixedly mounted on one end of the second lead screw (14) facing the sliding plate (15), the ratchet (17) cooperating with a ratchet plate (27) fixedly mounted on the storage plate (2).

2. The keyway grooving device for automotive motor journals according to claim 1, characterized in that, The clamping structure includes a movable clamping block (4) slidably disposed on the side plate (13). A connecting rod (38) is fixedly disposed on the side of the movable clamping block (4) facing the bidirectional cylinder (40). A pulley (39) is rotatably mounted on the end of the connecting rod (38) away from the movable clamping block (4). The pulley (39) is slidably disposed in the inclined groove (8).

3. The keyway grooving device for automotive motor journals according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adaptive structure includes a fixed rod (24) fixedly installed in the second storage slot opened on the storage plate (2). A spring (20) is slidably installed on the fixed rod (24). One end of the spring (20) abuts against the storage plate (2), and the other end abuts against the sliding sleeve (6) slidably installed on the fixed rod (24). A driven pulley (18) is rotatably installed on the side of the sliding sleeve (6) facing the base (1). The driven pulley (18) is connected to the moving pulley (21) and the fixed pulley (19) rotatably installed on the storage plate (2) via a belt (16). The fixed pulley (19) is fixedly connected to the motor output shaft fixedly installed on the storage plate (2). A protrusion (22) is fixedly installed on the belt (16). The protrusion (22) is slidably connected to the sliding plate (15).

4. The keyway grooving device for automotive motor journals according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotating structure includes a sleeve ring (30) rotatably mounted on the second threaded sleeve (29). The sleeve ring (30) has two sets of connecting rods (28) equidistantly arranged along its circumference. An installation part (11) is fixedly provided at one end of the two sets of connecting rods (28) away from the sleeve ring (30). A milling cutter (10) is detachably installed at one end of the installation part (11) away from the sleeve ring (30).

5. A method for slotting a keyway in an automotive motor journal, characterized in that, The keyway grooving device for automotive motor journals as described in claim 1 includes the following steps: Step 1: In the initial state, the No. 2 threaded sleeve (29) is in contact with the ratchet (17), the moving clamping block (4) and the fixed clamping block (34) are far apart, the motor shaft body (9) to be processed is passed through one of the side plates (13) and placed on the two sets of fixed clamping blocks (34), then the bidirectional cylinder (40) is started, the moving clamping block (4) moves toward the fixed clamping block (34), and the motor shaft body (9) to be processed is fixed between the moving clamping block (4) and the fixed clamping block (34); Step 2: Adjust the first lead screw (23) to drive the first threaded sleeve (7) to move along the axial direction of the first lead screw (23) to change the distance between the fixed pulley (19) and the driven pulley (18) to adapt to the opening of keyways of different lengths; Step 3: Start motor 2 (26), the rotating shaft (12) can drive the milling cutter (10) which is slidably set on the rotating shaft (12) to rotate in the same direction. Then start motor 41, the belt (16) will continue to rotate in the same direction, which can drive the sliding plate (15) to move back and forth along the length of the shelf (2). Step 4: Motor 1 (41) and Motor 2 (26) continue to work, and the ratchet (17) moving toward the fixed pulley (19) and the ratchet plate (27) enter the meshing transmission state, which can drive the second lead screw (14) to rotate, and then drive the second threaded sleeve (29) to drive the milling cutter (10) to move toward the motor shaft body (9); Step 5: The belt (16) drives the sliding plate (15) to gradually move away from the fixed pulley (19). At this time, the ratchet (17) does not mesh with the ratchet plate (27), the position height of the milling cutter (10) remains unchanged, and it moves with the sliding plate (15) to cut the keyway of the motor shaft. Step Six: Repeat steps four and five above to complete the cutting of the motor neck keyway.

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