A method for detecting spindle broach loosening and an electric spindle

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of machine tool spindles, and specifically relates to a method for detecting tool release / pull-out on a spindle and an electric spindle. By installing a full-stroke detection device within the spindle, initial position detection is performed on the tool release position, pull-out position, and no-tool position of the spindle pull rod. Based on the detection data, threshold values ​​are set for each of these positions. During the spindle's tool release / pull-out action, the full-stroke detection device performs real-time position detection on the spindle pull rod at these positions. The real-time position detection data is compared with the set threshold ranges, and data exceeding the threshold range is analyzed. Based on the analysis results, an alarm is triggered or the set thresholds are modified. This invention has strong fault tolerance for tool release / pull-out, effectively reducing false alarms within a reasonable range, eliminating the need for repeated machine shutdowns, and effectively ensuring production continuity. Furthermore, it can record the actual usage of the spindle's tool release / pull-out, facilitating maintenance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of machine tool spindles, and specifically relates to a method for detecting spindle tool loosening and a power spindle. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, machine tool spindle pull-out mechanisms typically use three proximity switches to detect the pull-out, release, and no-tool positions of the lever mechanism to determine the spindle's pull-out operation. If a proximity switch reports an error, it indicates a malfunction in the pull-out mechanism. However, in actual use, with the increase in the number of pull-out operations and the weakening of the elastic element, the lever often fails to return to its original position. Although this does not affect the normal operation of the spindle, the proximity switches will still report errors. This is especially true when using a hollow conical interface with a flange contact surface, where the tool-on and tool-off positions are very close. Even a slight deviation in the lever's position can cause the proximity switches to report errors, prompting spindle maintenance. The spindle must be removed from the machine tool and repaired before normal operation can be restored, severely impacting normal machine tool production. Furthermore, as a machine tool or spindle manufacturer, it is difficult to determine the usage status of the spindle puller from the reworked spindle unless the corresponding machine tool is tracked and the data is read. This not only involves a large workload, but also the spindle that is repaired due to the problem of the puller not returning to its original position may malfunction again due to the failure of the elastic element after repair, which cannot guarantee processing efficiency and production continuity. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a spindle broach loosening and pulling detection method and an electric spindle. The broach loosening and pulling has strong fault tolerance and can ensure the continuity of production; it can record the actual usage of the spindle broach loosening and pulling, and is easy to maintain.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solution: On one hand, a method for detecting spindle broach loosening includes:

[0005] The initial position detection of the spindle drawbar is performed using a full-stroke detection device to detect the tool release position, tool pull position, and tool-free position.

[0006] Based on the test data, thresholds were set for the blade release position, blade pull-in position, and bladeless position;

[0007] During the spindle's tool release and pull-out action, the full-stroke detection device performs real-time position detection of the spindle drawbar when it is in tool release, tool pull-out, or tool-free position.

[0008] Determine whether the real-time location detection data exceeds the respective set threshold range, analyze the detection data that exceeds the threshold range, and select alarm prompts or modify the set thresholds based on the analysis results.

[0009] The above-mentioned method for detecting spindle broach loosening includes determining whether the real-time position detection data exceeds the respective set threshold range, analyzing the detection data exceeding the threshold range, and selecting an alarm prompt or modifying the set threshold based on the analysis results.

[0010] Determine whether the real-time position detection data exceeds the respective set threshold range. If the real-time position detection data of tool release, tool pull, and no tool do not exceed the set threshold, the normal operation program of the spindle can continue to be executed. If one or more of the real-time position detection data exceeds the corresponding threshold, proceed to the next step to analyze the detection data that exceeds the threshold.

[0011] Calculate the difference between the real-time position detection data that exceeds the threshold and the corresponding initial position data, and analyze whether the difference meets the spindle usage requirements. If not, an alarm is triggered to prompt spindle maintenance; if so, the threshold for the corresponding position is reset based on the detection data.

[0012] The above-mentioned method for detecting spindle tool loosening and pulling, wherein the method for setting thresholds for tool loosening position, tool pulling position, and tool-free position based on detection data is as follows:

[0013] Calculate the median value of the detection data at each location;

[0014] Each position is assigned a threshold value based on the median.

[0015] The above-mentioned method for detecting spindle tool release and pull-out includes a full-stroke detection device installed inside the spindle, comprising a detection unit and a processing and storage unit. The detection unit detects the tool release, tool pull-out, and tool-free positions of the pull rod, while the processing and storage unit records and stores the detection data from the detection unit and the number of times the spindle tool release and pull-out has occurred.

[0016] In the above-mentioned method for detecting spindle tool loosening and pulling, the detection data and the number of spindle tool loosening and pulling stored in the computing storage unit can be read by an external reading device. That is, when the spindle is removed from the machine tool for rework, the detection data and the number of spindle tool loosening and pulling can be read from the computing storage unit by an external reading device.

[0017] The above-mentioned method for detecting spindle pull-out tool loosening involves determining the usage status of the pull rod based on the number of spindle pull-out tool loosening / loosening operations read from the computing storage unit when the spindle is removed from the machine tool for rework, and making a decision on whether to replace the elastic element.

[0018] The above-mentioned method for detecting spindle broach loosening, specifically the method for determining the usage status of the drawbar based on the number of spindle broach loosening read from the computing storage unit, and making a decision on whether to replace the elastic element, is as follows:

[0019] Compare the number of spindle tool release / retraction counts with the standard number of times the spindle is allowed to be used. If the number of spindle tool release / retraction counts is greater than or equal to the standard number of times the spindle is allowed to be used, replace the elastic element; if the number of spindle tool release / retraction counts is less than the standard number of times the spindle is allowed to be used, do not replace the elastic element.

[0020] The above-mentioned method for detecting spindle pull rod loosening includes a full-stroke detection device that further includes a support mounting bracket disposed on the fixed surface of the spindle; the detection unit and the computing and storage unit are integrated and mounted on the support mounting bracket; the detection unit includes several probes that are evenly distributed in the detection area of ​​the detection unit, and the detection area covers the full stroke of the pull rod.

[0021] In the above-mentioned method for detecting spindle broaching, the computing storage unit is communicatively connected to the detection unit; the computing storage unit is also provided with an external connector cable, which can be connected to a machine tool or an external reading device.

[0022] On the other hand, the present invention also provides an electric spindle including the aforementioned full-stroke monitoring device.

[0023] Compared with existing technologies, the advantages of this invention are as follows: This invention uses a full-stroke detection device instead of the traditional three proximity switches, enabling precise detection of the pull rod position. Combined with the built-in computing and storage unit of the detection device, without altering the machine tool's host computer signal, it effectively reduces false alarms within a reasonable range by using preset judgment logic, setting thresholds, data comparison and analysis, and modifying thresholds. This eliminates the need for repeated machine shutdowns, effectively ensuring production continuity. Furthermore, the storage and external connection functions of the computing and storage unit greatly facilitate maintenance personnel's understanding of the spindle's on-site operating conditions and prediction of the elastic element's lifespan when the electric spindle malfunctions and requires repair. This reduces on-site interaction time and the need for repeated electric spindle repairs. Attached Figure Description

[0024] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the spindle broach loosening detection method provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the full-stroke detection device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the electric spindle structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Implementation

[0028] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0029] The following is combined Figures 1-3 The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific embodiments.

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic flowchart of an embodiment of a spindle broach loosening detection method provided by this invention. Figure 1 As shown, the method provided in this embodiment includes:

[0031] Step 101: Provide a full-stroke detection device, and use the full-stroke detection device to perform initial position detection on the tool release position, tool pull position and tool-free position of the spindle tie rod respectively.

[0032] Specifically, the full-stroke detection device provided in this embodiment is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, the system includes a support mounting bracket 11, a detection unit 12, and a processing and storage unit 14. The support mounting bracket 11 is fixed to the end face of the rear bearing seat of the spindle 2. The detection unit 12 and the processing and storage unit 14 are integrated and mounted on the support mounting bracket 11. The detection area of ​​the detection unit 12 is evenly distributed with probes 13, covering the entire stroke of the pull rod 3. When the pull rod 3 performs the tool release / pull-out action, the probes 13 can detect the position of the pull rod 3, obtaining accurate data on tool release, tool pull-out, and tool-free positions. The processing and storage unit 14 is communicatively connected to the detection unit 12 and is used to record and store the detection data of the detection unit 12 and the number of tool release / pull-out actions of the spindle.

[0033] The process of initializing the spindle tie rod position detection using the full-stroke detection device is as follows: During the initial installation and debugging of the spindle, the spindle is controlled to perform the tool release and pull action N times (N is a natural number). The detection unit 12 uses the probe 13 to detect the tool release position, tool pull position and tool-free position of the tie rod 3, and stores the detection data of each time in the calculation storage unit 14.

[0034] Step 102: Based on the detection data, set thresholds for the release position, pull-up position, and no-blade position.

[0035] The specific method is as follows: call the detection data stored in the operation storage unit 14, calculate the median of N detection data at each position, use the median as the reference value for that position, and set a threshold for each position.

[0036] Step 103: During the spindle's tool release and pull-out action, the full-stroke detection device performs real-time position detection on the spindle pull rod for tool release, tool pull-out, and tool-free states.

[0037] Specifically, after setting the threshold values ​​for the tool release position, tool pull position, and tool-free position on the spindle, the spindle can be used normally. During spindle use, tool release and pull actions are performed. During these actions, the probe 13 in the full-stroke detection device detects the real-time positions of the pull rod 3 (tool release, tool pull, and tool-free), and stores, processes, and outputs the detected real-time position data through the processing and storage unit 14. Simultaneously, the processing and storage unit 14 stores and records the number of tool release and pull actions performed by the spindle.

[0038] Step 104: Compare the real-time position detection data of each detected position with the threshold set for the corresponding position to determine whether the real-time position detection data of each position exceeds the threshold range set for each position. If the real-time position detection data of tool release, tool pull, and no tool does not exceed the set threshold and the output signal is normal, the spindle can continue to be used normally. If one or more of the real-time position detection data exceeds the corresponding threshold, proceed to step 105.

[0039] Step 105: Calculate the difference between the real-time position detection data that exceeds the threshold and the corresponding initial position data, and analyze whether the difference meets the spindle usage requirements. If not, an alarm is triggered to prompt spindle maintenance; if so, proceed to step 106.

[0040] Step 106: Based on the real-time position detection data, reset the thresholds for the tool release, tool pull, and tool-free positions respectively, and return to step 103.

[0041] Specifically, the method for resetting the thresholds for the tool release, tool pull, and tool-free positions is carried out using the threshold setting method in step 102, that is: calculate the median of the real-time position data for tool release, tool pull, and tool-free positions respectively, and use the calculated median as the reference value for the corresponding position to set the threshold for each position.

[0042] In the full-stroke detection device provided in step 101, the computing and storage unit 14 is also equipped with an external connector. When the spindle is removed from the machine tool for rework, it can be connected to an external reading device via the external connector. The external reading device can read the stored detection data and the number of spindle pull-out / pull-out cycles from the computing and storage unit 14. Maintenance personnel can determine the on-site usage condition of the pull rod based on the read spindle pull-out / pull-out cycles and decide whether to replace the elastic element. The specific method is as follows: compare the read spindle pull-out / pull-out cycles with the standard allowable number of uses of the spindle. If the spindle pull-out / pull-out cycles are greater than or equal to the standard allowable number of uses of the spindle, then replace the elastic element; if the spindle pull-out / pull-out cycles are less than the standard allowable number of uses of the spindle, then do not replace the elastic element.

[0043] See Figure 3 A second aspect of the present invention provides an electric spindle, including the above-described full-stroke detection device 1.

[0044] According to the second aspect of the present invention, the electric spindle, by setting the aforementioned full-stroke detection device, can effectively reduce false alarms during the spindle's tool release and pull-out process, eliminating the need for repeated shutdowns and effectively ensuring production continuity. When the electric spindle malfunctions and requires repair, the system can quickly understand the on-site usage of the spindle and rapidly predict the lifespan of the elastic elements, reducing on-site contact time and the need for repeated spindle repairs.

[0045] Although the present invention has been described in detail above, it is not limited thereto, and those skilled in the art can make various modifications based on the principles of the present invention. Therefore, all modifications made in accordance with the principles of the present invention should be understood to fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for detecting spindle broach loosening, characterized in that, include: The initial position detection of the spindle drawbar is performed using a full-stroke detection device to detect the tool release position, tool pull position, and tool-free position. Based on the test data, thresholds were set for the blade release position, blade pull-in position, and bladeless position; During the spindle's tool release and pull-out action, the full-stroke detection device performs real-time position detection of the spindle drawbar when it is in tool release, tool pull-out, or tool-free position. Determine whether the real-time location detection data exceeds the respective set threshold range, analyze the detection data that exceeds the threshold range, and select alarm prompts or modify the set thresholds based on the analysis results.

2. The method for detecting spindle broach loosening according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of determining whether real-time location detection data exceeds a predefined threshold range, analyzing the detection data exceeding the threshold range, and selecting an alarm prompt or modifying the predefined threshold range based on the analysis results specifically includes: Determine whether the real-time position detection data exceeds the respective set threshold range. If the real-time position detection data of tool release, tool pull, and no tool do not exceed the set threshold, the normal operation program of the spindle can continue to be executed. If one or more of the real-time position detection data exceeds the corresponding threshold, proceed to the next step to analyze the detection data that exceeds the threshold. Calculate the difference between the real-time position detection data that exceeds the threshold and the corresponding initial position data, and analyze whether the difference meets the spindle usage requirements. If not, an alarm is triggered to prompt spindle maintenance; if so, the threshold for the corresponding position is reset based on the detection data.

3. The method for detecting spindle broach loosening according to claim 2, characterized in that, The method for setting thresholds for the tool release position, tool pull-in position, and tool-free position based on detection data is as follows: Calculate the median value of the detection data at each location; Each position is assigned a threshold value based on the median.

4. The method for detecting spindle broach loosening according to claim 3, characterized in that, The full-stroke detection device is located inside the spindle and includes a detection unit and a processing and storage unit. The detection unit detects the tool release, tool pull, and tool-free positions of the drawbar. The processing and storage unit can record and store the detection data of the detection unit and the number of times the spindle has released and pulled the tool.

5. The method for detecting spindle broach loosening according to claim 4, characterized in that, The detection data and spindle pull-out count stored in the computing storage unit can be read by an external reading device. That is, when the spindle is removed from the machine tool for rework, the detection data and spindle pull-out count can be read from the computing storage unit by an external reading device.

6. The method for detecting spindle broach loosening according to claim 5, characterized in that, When the spindle is removed from the machine tool for rework, the usage of the drawbar can be determined based on the number of times the spindle is loosened and pulled out of the machine tool, and a decision can be made on whether to replace the elastic element.

7. The method for detecting spindle broach loosening according to claim 6, characterized in that, The specific method for determining the usage status of the drawbar based on the number of spindle drawbar releases read from the computing storage unit, and for deciding whether to replace the elastic element, is as follows: Compare the number of spindle tool release / retraction counts with the standard number of times the spindle is allowed to be used. If the number of spindle tool release / retraction counts is greater than or equal to the standard number of times the spindle is allowed to be used, replace the elastic element; if the number of spindle tool release / retraction counts is less than the standard number of times the spindle is allowed to be used, do not replace the elastic element.

8. The method for detecting spindle broach loosening according to claim 7, characterized in that, The full-stroke detection device also includes a support mounting frame, which is set on the fixed surface of the spindle; the detection unit and the computing and storage unit are integrated and installed on the support mounting frame; the detection unit includes several probes, which are evenly distributed in the detection area of ​​the detection unit, and the detection area covers the full stroke of the pull rod.

9. The method for detecting spindle broach loosening according to claim 8, characterized in that, The computing and storage unit is communicatively connected to the detection unit; the computing and storage unit is also provided with an external connector cable, which can be connected to a machine tool or an external reading device.

10. An electric spindle, characterized in that, Includes the full-journey monitoring device as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

Images