High-efficiency fabricated building component and method of use

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of fabricated building components, and discloses a high-efficiency fabricated building component, which solves the problem that the existing prefabricated stair component is inconvenient to move to the highest point of the stair plate when assembling the steps. The present application is characterized in that when the trapezoidal block moves to the joint of the upper triangular block and the lower triangular block, the extrusion force of the upper triangular block is reduced, the spring is reset to drive the telescopic rod to extend outward, the trapezoidal block is clamped in the gap between the upper triangular block and the lower triangular block, the upward movement of the trapezoidal block is limited, the bottom of the trapezoidal block is in contact with the bottom surface of the steel plate, the downward movement of the trapezoidal block is also limited, and the installation of the first layer of prefabricated steps is completed. Then, the staff repeats the above operation to install the second layer of prefabricated steps by stepping on the first layer of prefabricated steps, without climbing up and down the prefabricated stair plate, which is more convenient for installation and saves installation time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of prefabricated building component technology, specifically to a high-efficiency prefabricated building component and its usage method. Background Technology

[0002] To speed up construction, prefabricated components are used for assembly. Prefabricated components are a general term for prefabricated concrete structures, including precast beams, precast stairs, precast shear walls, and precast exterior walls. Transporting prefabricated components to the construction site for assembly greatly saves construction time and improves work efficiency.

[0003] A search revealed a Chinese patent publication number, CN217812012U, which discloses a prefabricated staircase. During installation, prefabricated stair slabs are hoisted into place, and then prefabricated steps are installed one by one onto the slabs to form a complete prefabricated staircase. Because the steps are installed later, the weight of the prefabricated stair slabs meets the lifting requirements of conventional tower cranes, effectively reducing tower crane rental costs, ensuring the overall structural performance of the staircase, and greatly expanding the application range of prefabricated staircases. Furthermore, the prefabricated steps can be installed after construction is completed, eliminating the cost of finished product protection measures during construction, and allowing for later replacement and maintenance of the prefabricated steps, maintaining the building's aesthetic appeal.

[0004] Although the aforementioned patent facilitates the assembly of stair treads and steps, the prefabricated staircase described above still has the following problems: When assembling the stair treads and steps, the steps need to be moved to the highest point of the stair treads before being moved to the designated position. During the movement, workers need to move on the stair treads without steps, which is inconvenient and increases the difficulty of installation.

[0005] To address the aforementioned issues, an innovative design was developed based on the existing prefabricated staircase. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide an efficient prefabricated building component and its usage method. This device is used to solve the problem that it is inconvenient to move the existing prefabricated stair components to the highest point of the stair tread before assembling the steps.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a high-efficiency prefabricated building component, comprising a lower support plate, a prefabricated stair slab, an upper support plate, and prefabricated steps, wherein the bottom surface of the prefabricated steps is provided with an installation component for installation, and the surface of the prefabricated stair slab is provided with a reserved groove for installation, and a positioning component is installed inside the reserved groove by anchor bolts;

[0008] The positioning assembly includes a steel plate installed inside a pre-reserved slot, and a locking component is slidably connected inside the steel plate. A U-shaped rod is connected to the outside of the locking component. A telescopic rod is connected between one side of the U-shaped rod and the inner wall of the steel plate. A spring is provided on the outside of the telescopic rod.

[0009] The engaging component includes a lower triangular block connected to the other side of the U-shaped rod, and an upper triangular block is connected to the upper end of the lower triangular block;

[0010] The mounting components include a connecting shaft fixed to the bottom of the prefabricated step, a rotating rod movably connected to the outside of the connecting shaft, and a trapezoidal block connected to the bottom of the rotating rod.

[0011] Furthermore, the lower support plate, the prefabricated ladder plate, and the upper support plate are interconnected, and bolt holes for fixing the position are provided inside the upper support plate and the lower support plate.

[0012] Furthermore, the reserved grooves are symmetrically arranged in two sets with the center line of the prefabricated ladder slab as the axis of symmetry, and the steel plates are arranged in two sets.

[0013] Furthermore, the locking component, upper triangular block, lower triangular block, U-shaped rod, telescopic rod, and spring constitute a locking assembly, and multiple sets of locking assemblies are symmetrically arranged inside the steel plate.

[0014] Furthermore, both the upper and lower triangular blocks are right-angled triangles, and the maximum spacing between the two sets of upper and lower triangular blocks in the initial state is consistent with the length of the trapezoidal block.

[0015] Furthermore, the prefabricated steps are provided with anti-slip grooves at the upper end, and the prefabricated steps are provided with beveled surfaces at both the top and bottom, and the upper and lower beveled surfaces of the two sets of prefabricated steps are in contact with each other.

[0016] Furthermore, the installation assembly also includes a storage groove formed on the bottom surface of the prefabricated step, and the connecting shaft is fixed inside the storage groove, the width of which is greater than that of the trapezoidal block.

[0017] Furthermore, a hollow cavity is provided on one side of the storage slot, and a limiting plate is slidably connected inside the hollow cavity. A locking block is connected to the front end of the limiting plate, and a locking groove is provided on the other side of the storage slot, and the locking groove and the locking block engage with each other.

[0018] Furthermore, the method of using the aforementioned high-efficiency prefabricated building component includes the following steps:

[0019] S1. First, install the precast stair slabs, upper support plate, and lower support plate. Then, when installing the precast steps, follow the order from bottom to top.

[0020] S2. First, rotate the rotating rod at the bottom of the lowest prefabricated step outwards, so that the rotating rod rotates around the connecting shaft, thereby allowing the trapezoidal block to detach from the storage slot.

[0021] S3. When the rotating rod is perpendicular to the bottom of the prefabricated step, pull the limiting plate outward. The limiting plate gradually slides out of the hollow cavity, so that the locking block at the front end of the limiting plate engages with the locking groove on one side of the storage groove, fixing the position of the limiting plate.

[0022] S4. Align the trapezoidal block with a set of engaging parts, press down on the prefabricated step, so that the trapezoidal block moves into the steel plate, thereby gradually squeezing the upper triangular block, so that the upper triangular block drives the U-shaped rod to retract inward.

[0023] S5. When the trapezoidal block moves to the junction of the upper and lower triangular blocks, let the U-shaped rod drive the upper and lower triangular blocks to reset. At this time, the trapezoidal block is stuck in the gap between the upper and lower triangular blocks, completing the installation of the first layer of prefabricated steps.

[0024] S6. After that, the staff can repeat the above operation by stepping on the first layer of prefabricated steps to install the second layer of prefabricated steps.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0026] This invention proposes a highly efficient prefabricated building component. Existing prefabricated stair components require moving the steps to their highest point before assembly, which is inconvenient. This invention, however, utilizes a locking mechanism, a U-shaped rod, a telescopic rod, and a spring. When the trapezoidal block moves to the junction of the upper and lower triangular blocks, the pressure on the upper triangular block decreases. The spring returns to its original position, causing the telescopic rod to extend outwards. This allows the U-shaped rod to reset the upper and lower triangular blocks, locking the trapezoidal block in the gap between them. This restricts the upward movement of the trapezoidal block, and the bottom of the trapezoidal block contacts the bottom surface of the steel plate, further restricting its downward movement. This completes the installation of the first layer of prefabricated steps. Workers can then repeat the above steps to install the second layer of prefabricated steps, eliminating the need to climb back and forth on the prefabricated stair slabs, making installation more convenient and saving time. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the reserved slot structure of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the snap-fit ​​component structure of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the positioning component structure of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the installation component structure of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0032] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the installation component structure of the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0033] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the installation component structure of the present invention. Figure 3 .

[0034] In the diagram: 1. Lower support plate; 2. Precast stair slab; 3. Upper support plate; 4. Bolt hole; 5. Reserved groove; 6. Positioning component; 61. Steel plate; 62. Clamping component; 621. Upper triangular block; 622. Lower triangular block; 63. U-shaped rod; 64. Telescopic rod; 65. Spring; 7. Precast step; 71. Anti-slip groove; 72. Beveled surface; 8. Installation component; 81. Trapezoidal block; 82. Rotating rod; 83. Storage groove; 84. Connecting shaft; 85. Limiting plate; 851. Clamping block; 852. Clamping groove; 853. Hollow cavity. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] To further understand the content of this invention, a detailed description of the invention will be provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0037] Combination Figure 1 and Figure 2 A high-efficiency prefabricated building component includes a lower support plate 1, a prefabricated stair slab 2, an upper support plate 3, and prefabricated steps 7. The bottom surface of the prefabricated steps 7 is provided with an installation component 8 for installation, and the surface of the prefabricated stair slab 2 is provided with a reserved groove 5 for installation, and a positioning component 6 is installed inside the reserved groove 5 by anchor bolts.

[0038] The present invention will be further described below with reference to embodiments.

[0039] Example 1:

[0040] Please see Figures 3-7 The positioning component 6 includes a steel plate 61 installed inside the reserved slot 5, and a locking member 62 is slidably connected inside the steel plate 61. A U-shaped rod 63 is connected to the outside of the locking member 62. A telescopic rod 64 is connected between one side of the U-shaped rod 63 and the inner wall of the steel plate 61. A spring 65 is provided on the outside of the telescopic rod 64 so that the locking member 62 can automatically reset.

[0041] The engaging component 62 includes a lower triangular block 622 connected to the other side of the U-shaped rod 63, and an upper triangular block 621 is connected to the upper end of the lower triangular block 622, which allows the lower triangular block 622 and the upper triangular block 621 to move synchronously.

[0042] The mounting component 8 includes a connecting shaft 84 fixed to the bottom of the prefabricated step 7, and a rotating rod 82 is movably connected to the outside of the connecting shaft 84. A trapezoidal block 81 is connected to the bottom of the rotating rod 82, so that the trapezoidal block 81 can engage with the junction of the lower triangular block 622 and the upper triangular block 621.

[0043] The lower support plate 1, the precast ladder slab 2, and the upper support plate 3 are interconnected, and bolt holes 4 for fixing the position are opened inside the upper support plate 3 and the lower support plate 1, so as to facilitate fixing the precast ladder slab 2.

[0044] The reserved groove 5 is symmetrically arranged in two sets with the center line of the precast stair slab 2 as the axis of symmetry, and the steel plate 61 is also arranged in two sets, which can ensure the stability of the installation of the precast steps 7.

[0045] The locking component 62, upper triangular block 621, lower triangular block 622, U-shaped rod 63, telescopic rod 64 and spring 65 form a locking assembly, and multiple sets of locking assemblies are symmetrically arranged inside the steel plate 61, which can be used to install multiple sets of prefabricated steps 7.

[0046] Both the upper triangular block 621 and the lower triangular block 622 are right triangles, and the maximum distance between the two sets of upper triangular blocks 621 and lower triangular blocks 622 in the initial state is the same as the length of the trapezoidal block 81, so that when the trapezoidal block 81 moves down, it will squeeze the upper triangular block 621.

[0047] The prefabricated step 7 has an anti-slip groove 71 at the upper end, and the prefabricated step 7 has a beveled surface 72 at both the top and bottom. The upper beveled surface 72 and the lower beveled surface 72 of the two sets of prefabricated steps 7 are in contact with each other, which can improve the anti-slip performance of the prefabricated step 7.

[0048] The mounting component 8 also includes a storage groove 83 formed on the bottom surface of the prefabricated step 7, and the connecting shaft 84 is fixed inside the storage groove 83. The width of the storage groove 83 is greater than that of the trapezoidal block 81, so that the storage groove 83 can accommodate the trapezoidal block 81.

[0049] A hollow cavity 853 is provided on one side of the storage slot 83, and a limiting plate 85 is slidably connected inside the hollow cavity 853. A locking block 851 is connected to the front end of the limiting plate 85. A locking groove 852 is provided on the other side of the storage slot 83, and the locking groove 852 and the locking block 851 engage with each other to fix the position of the limiting plate 85.

[0050] A method for using high-efficiency prefabricated building components includes the following steps:

[0051] S1. First, install the precast stair slab 2, the upper support plate 3, and the lower support plate 1. Then, when installing the precast steps 7, follow the order from bottom to top.

[0052] S2. First, rotate the rotating rod 82 at the bottom of the prefabricated step 7 outward so that the rotating rod 82 rotates around the connecting shaft 84, thereby allowing the trapezoidal block 81 to disengage from the storage groove 83.

[0053] S3. When the rotating rod 82 is perpendicular to the bottom of the prefabricated step 7, the limiting plate 85 is pulled outward. The limiting plate 85 gradually slides out of the hollow cavity 853, so that the locking block 851 at the front end of the limiting plate 85 engages with the locking groove 852 on one side of the storage groove 83, fixing the position of the limiting plate 85.

[0054] S4. Align the trapezoidal block 81 with a set of engaging parts 62, press down on the prefabricated step 7, so that the trapezoidal block 81 moves into the steel plate 61, thereby gradually squeezing the upper triangular block 621, so that the upper triangular block 621 drives the U-shaped rod 63 to retract inward.

[0055] S5. When the trapezoidal block 81 moves to the junction of the upper triangular block 621 and the lower triangular block 622, the U-shaped rod 63 drives the upper triangular block 621 and the lower triangular block 622 to reset. At this time, the trapezoidal block 81 is stuck in the gap between the upper triangular block 621 and the lower triangular block 622, completing the installation of the first layer of prefabricated steps 7.

[0056] S6. After that, the staff can repeat the above operation by stepping on the first layer of prefabricated steps 7 to install the second layer of prefabricated steps 7.

[0057] Specifically, first install the prefabricated step slab 2, upper support plate 3, and lower support plate 1. Then, when installing the prefabricated steps 7, follow the bottom-to-top order: first, rotate the rotating rod 82 at the bottom of the lowest prefabricated step 7 outwards, causing the rotating rod 82 to rotate around the connecting shaft 84, thus disengaging the trapezoidal block 81 from the storage groove 83. When the rotating rod 82 is perpendicular to the bottom of the prefabricated step 7, pull the limiting plate 85 outwards. The limiting plate 85 gradually slides out of the hollow cavity 853, allowing... The locking block 851 at the front end of the limiting plate 85 engages with the locking slot 852 on one side of the storage groove 83, fixing the position of the limiting plate 85. The limiting plate 85 also contacts the rotating rod 82, restricting its rotation. The foldable rotating rod 82 facilitates the transport of the prefabricated step 7, preventing damage to the protruding trapezoidal block 81 and rotating rod 82 during transport. Then, the trapezoidal block 81 is aligned with a set of engaging parts 62, and the prefabricated step 7 is pressed down, causing the step... Trapezoidal block 81 moves inward toward the steel plate 61, gradually squeezing the upper triangular block 621. This causes the upper triangular block 621 to pull the U-shaped rod 63 inward, and the telescopic rod 64 to gradually shorten. The spring 65 is compressed. When the trapezoidal block 81 moves to the junction of the upper triangular block 621 and the lower triangular block 622, the squeezing force of the upper triangular block 621 decreases. The spring 65 returns to its original position, causing the telescopic rod 64 to extend outward, thus allowing the U-shaped rod 63 to pull the upper triangular block 621 and the lower triangular block 622. Reset, at this time the trapezoidal block 81 is stuck in the gap between the upper triangular block 621 and the lower triangular block 622, restricting the upward movement of the trapezoidal block 81, and the bottom of the trapezoidal block 81 is in contact with the bottom surface of the steel plate 61, which also restricts the downward movement of the trapezoidal block 81. At this time, the installation of the first layer of prefabricated steps 7 is completed. Afterwards, the workers step on the first layer of prefabricated steps 7 and repeat the above operation to install the second layer of prefabricated steps 7. There is no need to climb back and forth on the prefabricated ladder slab 2, which makes the installation more convenient and saves installation time.

[0058] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0059] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for using a high-efficiency prefabricated building component, characterized in that: The high-efficiency prefabricated building components include a lower support plate (1), a prefabricated stair slab (2), an upper support plate (3), and prefabricated steps (7). The bottom surface of the prefabricated steps (7) is provided with an installation component (8) for installation, and the surface of the prefabricated stair slab (2) is provided with a reserved groove (5) for installation, and a positioning component (6) is installed inside the reserved groove (5) by anchor bolts. The positioning component (6) includes a steel plate (61) installed inside the reserved slot (5), and a locking member (62) is slidably connected inside the steel plate (61), and a U-shaped rod (63) is connected to the outside of the locking member (62). A telescopic rod (64) is connected between one side of the U-shaped rod (63) and the inner wall of the steel plate (61), and a spring (65) is provided on the outside of the telescopic rod (64). The snap-fit ​​component (62) includes a lower triangular block (622) connected to the other side of the U-shaped rod (63), and an upper triangular block (621) is connected to the upper end of the lower triangular block (622). The mounting assembly (8) includes a connecting shaft (84) fixed to the bottom of the prefabricated step (7), and a rotating rod (82) is movably connected to the outside of the connecting shaft (84), and a trapezoidal block (81) is connected to the bottom of the rotating rod (82). The lower support plate (1), the prefabricated ladder plate (2), and the upper support plate (3) are connected to each other, and bolt holes (4) for fixing the position are provided inside the upper support plate (3) and the lower support plate (1). The reserved groove (5) is symmetrically arranged in two sets with the center line of the precast ladder plate (2) as the axis of symmetry, and the steel plate (61) is also arranged in two sets. The locking component (62), upper triangular block (621), lower triangular block (622), U-shaped rod (63), telescopic rod (64) and spring (65) form a locking assembly, and multiple sets of locking assemblies are symmetrically arranged inside the steel plate (61); The upper triangular block (621) and the lower triangular block (622) are both right triangles, and the maximum spacing between the two sets of upper triangular blocks (621) and lower triangular blocks (622) in the initial state is the same as the length of the trapezoidal block (81); The prefabricated step (7) has an anti-slip groove (71) at the upper end, and the prefabricated step (7) has a beveled surface (72) at both the upper and lower ends, and the upper beveled surface (72) and the lower beveled surface (72) of the two sets of prefabricated steps (7) are in contact with each other. The installation component (8) also includes a storage groove (83) formed on the bottom surface of the prefabricated step (7), and a connecting shaft (84) is fixed inside the storage groove (83). The width of the storage groove (83) is greater than that of the trapezoidal block (81). A hollow cavity (853) is provided on one side of the storage slot (83), and a limiting plate (85) is slidably connected inside the hollow cavity (853). A locking block (851) is connected to the front end of the limiting plate (85), and a locking groove (852) is provided on the other side of the storage slot (83), and the locking groove (852) and the locking block (851) engage with each other. The method of using high-efficiency prefabricated building components includes the following steps: S1. First, install the precast stair slab (2), upper support plate (3) and lower support plate (1). Then, when it is necessary to install the precast steps (7), follow the order from bottom to top. S2. First, rotate the rotating rod (82) at the bottom of the prefabricated step (7) outward so that the rotating rod (82) rotates around the connecting shaft (84) so ​​that the trapezoidal block (81) is removed from the storage slot (83). S3. When the rotating rod (82) is perpendicular to the bottom of the prefabricated step (7), the limiting plate (85) is pulled outward. The limiting plate (85) gradually slides out of the hollow cavity (853), so that the locking block (851) at the front end of the limiting plate (85) and the locking groove (852) on one side of the storage groove (83) engage with each other to fix the position of the limiting plate (85). S4. Align the trapezoidal block (81) with a set of latching parts (62) and press down on the prefabricated step (7) so that the trapezoidal block (81) moves into the steel plate (61) and gradually squeezes the upper triangular block (621), so that the upper triangular block (621) drives the U-shaped rod (63) to retract inward. S5. When the trapezoidal block (81) moves to the junction of the upper triangular block (621) and the lower triangular block (622), let the U-shaped rod (63) drive the upper triangular block (621) and the lower triangular block (622) to reset. At this time, the trapezoidal block (81) is stuck in the gap between the upper triangular block (621) and the lower triangular block (622), and the installation of the first layer of prefabricated steps (7) is completed. S6. After that, the staff will step on the first layer of prefabricated steps (7) and repeat the above operation to install the second layer of prefabricated steps (7).

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