A phononic crystal damping material plate and a preparation method and a mounting method thereof

Abstract

This invention relates to a phonon crystal damping material plate, its preparation method, and its installation method, belonging to the field of damping material technology. The phonon crystal damping material plate provided by this invention includes a magnetic damping material plate and a phonon crystal pillar array. The phonon crystal pillars of the phonon crystal pillar array extend in the thickness direction of the magnetic damping material plate and penetrate two opposite surfaces of the magnetic damping material plate. By introducing a phonon crystal pillar structure, this invention enables the phonon crystal damping material plate to not only absorb vibration energy through the mass and elasticity of the damping material itself, but also utilize the bandgap effect of the phonon crystal pillars on elastic wave propagation, thereby increasing the absorption effect of the phonon crystal damping material plate on low-frequency vibrations and greatly improving the low-frequency damping performance of the material. This invention uses a magnetic damping material plate, allowing the phonon crystal damping material plate to be installed by magnetic adsorption, eliminating the need for mechanical connections or adhesive bonding, facilitating installation, maintenance, and replacement.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of damping materials technology, and in particular to a phonon crystal damping material plate and its preparation and installation methods. Background Technology

[0002] Machinery generates vibrations and noise that pollute the environment during operation. Damping materials are materials that convert the vibrational energy of solid machinery into heat energy and dissipate it, mainly used for vibration and noise control. Most existing damping material plates rely on the mass and elasticity of the damping material itself to absorb vibrational energy and reduce structural vibration. They are effective at high frequencies but not so effective at low frequencies. Moreover, most damping material plates do not have adhesive or adsorption capabilities, requiring the use of adhesives or bolts to clamp them together. The installation process is cumbersome, and the adhesive bonding process is irreversible. Once the bonding fails, it is not easy to replace and requires a lot of effort to maintain. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a phonon crystal damping material plate, its preparation method, and its installation method. By introducing a phonon crystal pillar structure, this invention enables the phonon crystal damping material plate to not only absorb vibrational energy through the mass and elasticity of the damping material itself, but also to utilize the bandgap effect of the phonon crystal pillar on elastic wave propagation, thereby increasing the absorption effect of the phonon crystal damping material plate on low-frequency vibrations and greatly improving the low-frequency damping performance of the material. Furthermore, this invention uses a magnetic damping material plate, allowing the phonon crystal damping material plate to be installed by magnetic adsorption, eliminating the need for mechanical connections or adhesive bonding, facilitating installation, and significantly reducing maintenance and replacement costs.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a phonon crystal damping material plate, comprising a magnetic damping material plate and a phonon crystal pillar array, wherein the phonon crystal pillars of the phonon crystal pillar array extend in the thickness direction of the magnetic damping material plate and penetrate two opposite surfaces of the magnetic damping material plate.

[0006] This invention introduces a phononic crystal pillar structure, enabling the phononic crystal damping material plate to not only absorb vibration energy through the mass and elasticity of the damping material itself, but also to utilize the bandgap effect of the phononic crystal pillar on the propagation of elastic waves. This increases the absorption effect of the phononic crystal damping material plate on low-frequency vibrations and greatly improves the low-frequency damping performance of the material.

[0007] This invention uses a magnetic damping material plate, which allows the phonon crystal damping material plate to be installed by magnetic adsorption, eliminating the need for mechanical connections or adhesive bonding, thus facilitating installation and greatly reducing maintenance and replacement costs.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the spacing D1 between two adjacent phonon crystal pillar arrays in the same column is 60-80 mm, and the spacing D2 between any two adjacent phonon crystal pillar arrays in any column is 60-80 mm; each phonon crystal pillar array contains no fewer than four phonon crystal pillars that are equally spaced; in the same phonon crystal pillar array, the spacing between any two adjacent phonon crystal pillars is preferably 8-12 mm; the cross-sectional radius of the phonon crystal pillar is 2-4 mm; the height of the phonon crystal pillar is the same as the thickness of the magnetic damping material plate; the thickness of the magnetic damping material plate is 8-12 mm. The inventors have found that when the phonon crystal pillars meet the above conditions, the introduction of phonon crystal pillars can improve the overall stiffness and equivalent mass, thereby changing the bandgap frequency of the phonon crystal damping material plate structure for vibration suppression.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the phonon crystal pillar is made of a metallic element or an alloy, wherein the metallic element includes any one of aluminum, copper, nickel, and manganese, and the alloy includes at least one of steel and nickel-chromium alloy.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the phonon crystal pillar is made by mechanical cutting or 3D printing.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the magnetic damping material plate comprises the following components in parts by weight: 80-100 parts of rubber, 90-120 parts of alloy, 70-90 parts of styrene-butadiene raw rubber, 1-3 parts of vulcanizing agent, and 2-5 parts of anti-aging modifier.

[0012] This invention produces an elastic magnetic damping material plate made from rubber, alloys, and styrene-butadiene rubber. After holes are made in the magnetic damping material plate, phonon crystal pillars are inserted into the holes for secure installation, eliminating the need for adhesives. In this invention, the rubber is rubber powder, which can be derived from waste tires or waste insulator silicone rubber, reducing solid waste pollution and avoiding resource waste.

[0013] Furthermore, in the composition of the magnetic damping material plate, the alloy includes at least one of alloy powder, alloy sheet, and alloy wire. The alloy sheet is preferably 3-5 mm in length and 0.5-2 mm in thickness; the alloy wire is preferably 40-60 mm in length and 0.5-2 mm in diameter; the alloy powder is preferably 100-300 mesh in size. Studies have found that alloy powder, alloy sheet, and alloy wire with dimensions meeting the above conditions can all be added to the magnetic damping material plate to improve its magnetic and mechanical properties.

[0014] Furthermore, in the composition of the magnetic damping material plate, the alloy is compounded from alloy powder, alloy sheets, and alloy wires in a weight ratio of alloy powder: alloy sheets: alloy wires = (3.5~4.5):(2~3):(3~4). The inventors have discovered that, compared to a single alloy powder, the compounding of alloy powder, alloy sheets, and alloy wires in this invention not only effectively enhances the remanence of the magnetic damping material plate after magnetization, thereby increasing the magnetic attraction force of the phonon crystal damping material plate and making it easier to install, but also improves the tensile strength, overall stiffness, and equivalent mass of the magnetic damping material plate, thereby changing the bandgap frequency of the phonon crystal damping material plate structure for vibration suppression.

[0015] Furthermore, the alloy is a neodymium iron boron alloy.

[0016] Furthermore, the size of the rubber is 100 to 400 mesh.

[0017] Furthermore, the rubber is compounded from rubber A, rubber B, rubber C, and rubber D in a weight ratio of A:B:C:D = (1.5–2.5):(2.5–3.5):(1–4):(1–4), with the sizes of rubber A, rubber B, rubber C, and rubber D decreasing sequentially. The inventors have discovered that, compared to using rubber of a single mesh size, this invention uses a compound of four different sizes of rubber powder, which can reduce the internal micro-gap of the damping material, resulting in a tighter bond between molecules, improving the damping performance and mechanical properties of the phonon crystal damping material plate, and enhancing its durability.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the magnetic damping material plate is prepared by the following method:

[0019] S1. Mix the rubber and anti-aging modifier to obtain a mixture;

[0020] S2. The mixture obtained in step S1, styrene-butadiene rubber, alloy and DCP vulcanizing agent are mixed and then hot-pressed and vulcanized, and magnetized to obtain a magnetic damping material plate.

[0021] Furthermore, in step S1, the stirring speed is 100-300 rpm and the time is 60-80 min.

[0022] Furthermore, in step S2, the mixing speed is 100-300 rpm and the time is 60-80 min; the hot-press vulcanization pressure is 15-25 MPa, the temperature is 170-200℃, and the time is 1-3 h; the magnetization magnetic field strength is not less than 1.5 T.

[0023] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing a phonon crystal damping material plate as described in the first aspect, comprising the following steps:

[0024] A magnetic damping material plate is perforated to form mounting holes, and a phonon crystal pillar is inserted into the mounting holes to obtain a phonon crystal damping material plate.

[0025] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the cross-sectional radius r of the mounting hole is smaller than the cross-sectional radius R of the phonon crystal pillar. The cross-sectional radius r refers to the inner diameter of the cross-section of the mounting hole in the natural state (without the phonon crystal pillar inserted) of the magnetic damping material plate. Furthermore, r and R satisfy: 0 ≤ Rr ≤ 0.5 mm.

[0026] This invention controls the cross-sectional radius of the mounting hole to be appropriately smaller than the cross-sectional radius of the phonon crystal pillar. By utilizing the elasticity of the magnetic damping material plate, the phonon crystal pillar can be firmly inserted into the mounting hole without the need for adhesive bonding.

[0027] Thirdly, the present invention provides a method for installing a phonon crystal damping material plate as described in the first aspect, comprising the following steps:

[0028] (1) The magnet sheet is magnetically attached to one side of the steel plate, and the phonon crystal damping material plate is magnetically attached to the other side of the steel plate to obtain the mounting structure.

[0029] (2) Select the target structure surface and install the magnet piece of the mounting structure on the target structure surface by magnetic adsorption.

[0030] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the magnet is made of neodymium iron boron alloy. There are at least four magnets.

[0031] In this invention, the phonon damping material plate is magnetically attracted to the steel plate. The neodymium iron boron alloy magnet has strong magnetic attraction, which can attract the steel plate to the surface of the target structure, thus completing the installation of the phonon damping material plate. No mechanical connection or adhesive is required, making installation convenient and significantly reducing maintenance and replacement costs. In actual use, when vibration is transmitted to the phonon crystal damping material plate through the magnet and steel plate, part of the vibration energy is absorbed by the damping material; the other part of the vibration energy passes through the phonon crystal pillar structure. Low-frequency vibrations within the elastic wave bandgap frequency range of the phonon crystal pillars are prevented from propagating in the phonon crystal pillar array, thus achieving the purpose of suppressing vibration propagation.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0033] (1) By introducing a phononic crystal pillar structure, the phononic crystal damping material plate can not only absorb vibration energy by relying on the mass and elasticity of the damping material itself, but also utilize the bandgap effect of the phononic crystal pillar on the propagation of elastic waves, thereby increasing the absorption effect of the phononic crystal damping material plate on low-frequency vibration and greatly improving the low-frequency damping performance of the material.

[0034] (2) The present invention uses a magnetic damping material plate, which enables the phonon crystal damping material plate to be installed by magnetic adsorption, without the need for mechanical connection or adhesive bonding, which is convenient to install and greatly reduces maintenance and replacement costs.

[0035] (3) The present invention utilizes the elasticity of the magnetic damping material plate to enable the phonon crystal pillar to be firmly inserted into the mounting hole of the magnetic damping material plate without the need for adhesive bonding. Attached Figure Description

[0036] Figure 1 A perspective view of the phonon crystal damping material plate provided by the present invention;

[0037] Figure 2 A top view of the phonon crystal damping material plate provided by the present invention;

[0038] Figure 3 A perspective view of the magnetic damping material plate provided by the present invention;

[0039] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the installation structure provided by the present invention;

[0040] Figure 5 A cross-sectional view of the mounting structure provided by the present invention;

[0041] Figure 6 The graph showing the change of magnetic attraction force with the distance between axes provided by the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0042] To better illustrate the purpose, technical solution, and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0043] The rubber powder used in the following examples and comparative examples is derived from silicone rubber from decommissioned composite insulators of power grids.

[0044] The steel described below is a recycled material for the protective shell of a waste transformer. The steel material required by this invention is obtained by cutting and processing the protective shell of the waste transformer. The steel type is 304 stainless steel, such as 06Cr19Ni10. It is then processed into steel plates or phonon crystal pillars.

[0045] The copper described below is a recycled material from waste transformer coils. The copper (99.5% purity, red copper) required by this invention is obtained by dismantling and reprocessing the copper coils inside the waste transformers, and then mechanically processed into phonon crystal pillars.

[0046] The following nickel-chromium alloy is a commercially available nickel-chromium alloy raw material, model number Cr. 15 Ni 60 Phononic crystal pillars of nickel-chromium alloy are formed by cutting and processing nickel-chromium alloy raw materials.

[0047] The neodymium iron boron alloy described below is a commercially available neodymium iron boron alloy raw material, model number Nd2Fe. 14 B. The NdFeB alloy raw materials are processed by cutting, grinding and other mechanical processing methods to produce the required NdFeB alloy wires, NdFeB alloy powders and NdFeB alloy sheets.

[0048] Example 1

[0049] An embodiment of the phonon crystal damping material plate of the present invention includes a magnetic damping material plate 1 and a phonon crystal pillar array 2. The phonon crystal pillars 21 of the phonon crystal pillar array 2 extend along the thickness direction of the magnetic damping material plate 1 and penetrate both opposite surfaces of the magnetic damping material plate 1. The spacing D1 between two adjacent phonon crystal pillar arrays 2 in the same column is 70 mm, and the spacing D2 between any two adjacent columns of phonon crystal pillar arrays 2 is 70 mm. Within the same phonon crystal pillar array 2, the spacing between any two adjacent phonon crystal pillars 21 is 10 mm. Each phonon crystal pillar array 2 contains 16 phonon crystal pillars 21, evenly distributed in four rows and four columns. The cross-sectional radius of each phonon crystal pillar 21 is 3 mm. The height of each phonon crystal pillar 21 is the same as the thickness h of the magnetic damping material plate 1. The thickness h of the magnetic damping material plate 1 is 10 mm.

[0050] The phonon crystal pillar 21 is manufactured by machining and is made of copper.

[0051] The method for preparing the magnetic damping material plate 1 is as follows:

[0052] S1. Weigh the following raw materials in parts by weight: 85 parts rubber powder, 105 parts neodymium iron boron alloy, 85 parts styrene-butadiene raw rubber, 3 parts DCP vulcanizing agent, and 4 parts amine antioxidant. The rubber powder is a compound of rubber A, rubber B, rubber C, and rubber D in a weight ratio of A:B:C:D = 2:3:4:1. The average mesh size of rubber A is 100 mesh, the average mesh size of rubber B is 200 mesh, and the average mesh size of rubber C is 300 mesh. The average mesh size of the adhesive D is 400 mesh; the neodymium iron boron alloy is compounded from neodymium iron boron alloy powder, neodymium iron boron alloy sheet and neodymium iron boron alloy wire in a weight ratio of alloy powder: alloy sheet: alloy wire = 4:2.5:3.5. The average mesh size of the neodymium iron boron alloy powder is 100 mesh, the length of the neodymium iron boron alloy sheet is 4 mm, the thickness of the neodymium iron boron alloy sheet is 1 mm, the length of the neodymium iron boron alloy wire is 50 mm, and the diameter of the neodymium iron boron alloy wire is 1 mm.

[0053] S2. Place the rubber powder and amine antioxidant into a high-speed mixer and stir at 200 rpm for 20 minutes to obtain a mixture.

[0054] S3. The mixture is transferred into a two-roll mill, and styrene-butadiene rubber, neodymium iron boron alloy and DCP vulcanizing agent are added in sequence. The mixture is mixed at 200 rpm for 30 min, and then hot-pressed and vulcanized at a pressure of 15 MPa and a temperature of 180°C for 2 h. Then it is placed in a magnetizer with a magnetic field strength of 1.5T for magnetization to obtain magnetic damping material plate 1.

[0055] The method for preparing the phonon crystal damping material plate is as follows:

[0056] Using a hole puncher, mounting holes 11 are punched through the magnetic damping material. The cross-sectional radius of the mounting holes 11 is 2.5 mm. A phonon crystal pillar 21 with a cross-sectional radius of 3 mm is inserted into the mounting holes 11 to obtain a phonon crystal damping material plate.

[0057] Since the magnetic damping material plate 1 prepared in this embodiment is elastic, the phonon crystal pillar 21 can be inserted into the mounting hole 11 and the structure is stable, so no adhesive is needed for bonding and fixing.

[0058] Examples 2-20

[0059] The differences between Embodiments 2-20 and Embodiment 1 of the phonon crystal damping material plate described in this invention are as follows:

[0060] The rubber powder used in Examples 2-8 was compounded from rubber A, rubber B, rubber C and rubber D in the weight ratios shown in Table 1.

[0061] The rubber powder used in Example 9 was compounded from rubber A and rubber B in the weight ratio shown in Table 1.

[0062] The rubber powder used in Example 10 is rubber A;

[0063] The neodymium iron boron alloy used in Example 11 is neodymium iron boron alloy powder;

[0064] The neodymium iron boron alloy used in Example 12 is composed of neodymium iron boron alloy powder and neodymium iron boron alloy wire in a weight ratio of alloy powder: alloy wire = 6.5: 3.5;

[0065] The neodymium iron boron alloys used in Examples 13-20 are compounded from neodymium iron boron alloy powder, neodymium iron boron alloy sheets and neodymium iron boron alloy wires in the weight ratios shown in Table 2.

[0066] Examples 21-22

[0067] The difference between Embodiments 21 and 22 of the phonon crystal damping material plate described in this invention and Embodiment 1 is as follows:

[0068] The phonon crystal pillar 21 of Example 21 is made of nickel-chromium alloy; the phonon crystal pillar 21 of Example 22 is made of steel.

[0069] Example 23

[0070] The embodiment of the phonon crystal damping material plate described in this invention differs from Embodiment 1 in that:

[0071] In this embodiment, the spacing D1 between two adjacent phonon crystal pillar arrays 2 in the same column is 60 mm, and the spacing D2 between any two adjacent columns of phonon crystal pillar arrays 2 is 60 mm; each phonon crystal pillar array 2 contains 9 phonon crystal pillars 21, arranged in three rows and three columns with equal spacing; in the same phonon crystal pillar array 2, the spacing d between any two adjacent phonon crystal pillars 21 is 12 mm; the cross-sectional radius of the phonon crystal pillar 21 is 2 mm; the height of the phonon crystal pillar 21 is the same as the thickness h of the magnetic damping material plate 1; the thickness h of the magnetic damping material plate 1 is 8 mm; the preparation method of the magnetic damping material plate 1 is as follows:

[0072] S1. Weigh the following raw materials in parts by weight: 80 parts rubber powder, 90 parts neodymium iron boron alloy, 90 parts styrene-butadiene raw rubber, 1 part DCP vulcanizing agent and 2 parts amine antioxidant. The size of the neodymium iron boron alloy powder is 200 mesh, the length of the neodymium iron boron alloy sheet is 3 mm, the thickness of the neodymium iron boron alloy sheet is 2 mm, the length of the neodymium iron boron alloy wire is 40 mm, and the diameter of the neodymium iron boron alloy wire is 0.5 mm.

[0073] S2. Place the rubber powder and amine antioxidant into a high-speed mixer and stir at 100 rpm for 30 minutes to obtain a mixture.

[0074] S3. The mixture is transferred into a two-roll mill, and styrene-butadiene rubber, neodymium iron boron alloy and DCP vulcanizing agent are added in sequence. The mixture is mixed at 100 rpm for 50 min, and then hot-pressed and vulcanized for 3 h under a pressure of 20 MPa and a temperature of 170 °C. Then it is placed in a magnetizer with a magnetic field strength of 1.5 T for magnetization to obtain magnetic damping material plate 1.

[0075] In the method for preparing the phonon crystal damping material plate, the cross-sectional radius of the mounting hole 11 is 1.8 mm.

[0076] Example 24

[0077] The embodiment of the phonon crystal damping material plate described in this invention differs from Embodiment 1 in that:

[0078] In this embodiment, the spacing D1 between two adjacent phonon crystal pillar arrays 2 in the same column is 80 mm, and the spacing D2 between any two adjacent columns of phonon crystal pillar arrays 2 is 80 mm; each phonon crystal pillar array 2 contains 25 phonon crystal pillars 21, distributed in five rows and five columns at equal intervals; in the same phonon crystal pillar array 2, the spacing d between any two adjacent phonon crystal pillars 21 is 8 mm; the cross-sectional radius R of the phonon crystal pillar 21 is 4 mm; the height of the phonon crystal pillar 21 is the same as the thickness h of the magnetic damping material plate 1; the thickness h of the magnetic damping material plate 1 is 12 mm; the preparation method of the magnetic damping material plate 1 is as follows:

[0079] S1. Weigh the following raw materials in parts by weight: 85 parts rubber powder, 105 parts neodymium iron boron alloy, 85 parts styrene-butadiene raw rubber, 3 parts DCP vulcanizing agent and 4 parts amine antioxidant. The size of the neodymium iron boron alloy powder is 300 mesh, the length of the neodymium iron boron alloy sheet is 5 mm, the thickness of the neodymium iron boron alloy sheet is 0.5 mm, the length of the neodymium iron boron alloy wire is 60 mm, and the diameter of the neodymium iron boron alloy wire is 2 mm.

[0080] S2. Place the rubber powder and amine antioxidant into a high-speed mixer and stir at 300 rpm for 30 minutes to obtain a mixture.

[0081] S3. The mixture is transferred into a two-roll mill, and styrene-butadiene rubber, neodymium iron boron alloy and DCP vulcanizing agent are added in sequence. The mixture is mixed at 300 rpm for 30 min, and then hot-pressed and vulcanized for 1 h under the conditions of 25 MPa pressure and 200℃. Then it is placed in a magnetizer with a magnetic field strength of 1.5T for magnetization to obtain magnetic damping material plate 1.

[0082] In the method for preparing the phonon crystal damping material plate, the cross-sectional radius of the mounting hole 11 is 3.5 mm.

[0083] Comparative Example 1

[0084] The comparative example of the phonon crystal damping material plate described in this invention differs from Example 1 in that the phonon crystal pillar is not inserted into the mounting hole of the magnetic damping material plate in this comparative example.

[0085] Comparative Example 2

[0086] The comparative example of the phonon crystal damping material plate described in this invention differs from Example 1 in that, in this comparative example, the phonon crystal pillars are not distributed in an array, but are distributed at equal intervals on the magnetic damping material plate, with a spacing of 10 mm between any two adjacent phonon crystal pillars.

[0087] Comparative Example 3

[0088] The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that, in this comparative example, the phonon crystal damping material plate includes two magnetic damping material plates with a thickness of 5 mm and an array of phonon crystal pillars. The surface of the magnetic damping material plate is provided with grooves, and the grooves of the two magnetic damping material plates can be combined to form a cylindrical slot. The phonon crystal pillars in the array of phonon crystal pillars are housed in the slot. The height direction of the phonon crystal pillars is perpendicular to the thickness direction of the magnetic damping material plate. In the preparation method of the phonon crystal damping material plate, grooves are formed on the surface of the two magnetic damping material plates. The grooves of the two magnetic damping material plates can be combined to form a cylindrical slot. The cross-sectional radius of the cylindrical slot is 2.5 mm and the length is 10 mm. A phonon crystal pillar with a cross-sectional radius of 3 mm is inserted into the groove of one magnetic damping material plate, and then another magnetic damping material plate is covered, so that the phonon crystal pillar is housed in the slot formed by the two grooves, and then pressed into shape.

[0089] Example of effect 1

[0090] This example provides phononic crystal damping material plates with the following thickness h: 1mm, 2mm, 3mm, 4mm, 5mm, 6mm, 8mm, 10mm, 12mm, 14mm, 16mm, 18mm; the only difference between the phononic crystal damping material plates provided in this example and those in Example 1 is the thickness h.

[0091] The installation method of the phonon crystal damping material plate is as follows:

[0092] Neodymium iron boron (NdFeB) magnets are magnetically attached to one side of a steel plate. Four identical magnets are positioned at the four corners of the plate. A phonon crystal damping material plate is then magnetically attached to the other side of the steel plate, resulting in the mounting structure. Figure 5 As shown;

[0093] Select a target structural surface and attach the magnet piece of the mounting structure to the target structural surface by magnetic adsorption.

[0094] Twelve steel plates, each 1 mm thick, were selected and installed on phonon crystal damping material plates of different thicknesses using the installation method described above. This resulted in an installation structure to investigate the influence of the axial distance between the steel plates and the phonon crystal damping material plates on the magnetic attraction force. The axial distance refers to the distance between the centroids of the steel plates and the phonon crystal damping material plates. The magnetic induction intensity in the air gap between the phonon crystal damping material plates and the steel plates, as well as the axial magnetic attraction force of the phonon crystal damping material plates, were calculated using the following formulas:

[0095]

[0096]

[0097] Among them: B g It refers to the magnetic flux density in the air gap between the phonon crystal damping material plate and the steel plate, and the unit is Gauss (Gs, 1 Gs = 10⁻⁶). -4 T);

[0098] B r It refers to the remanence of the phononic crystal damping material plate, and the unit is Gauss (Gs);

[0099] 'a' refers to half the length of the phonon crystal damping material plate, in cm.

[0100] b refers to half the width of the phonon crystal damping material plate, in cm;

[0101] L m This refers to the thickness of the phonon crystal damping material plate, measured in cm.

[0102] z refers to the axial spacing, in cm;

[0103] S g This refers to the magnetic pole surface area of ​​the phonon crystal damping material plate, measured in cm². 2 ;

[0104] F refers to the axial magnetic attraction force of the phonon crystal damping material plate after unit conversion, and the unit is kg.

[0105] The curve showing the calculated value of the magnetic attraction force F as a function of the axial spacing is as follows: Figure 6 As shown.

[0106] The magnetic attraction force F was tested using the following method: according to GB / T 35690-2017 "Method for Measurement of Relative Permeability of Weakly Magnetic Materials", a permanent magnet material magnetic measuring instrument was used for testing. The curve of the measured value of magnetic attraction force F changing with axial spacing is shown below. Figure 6 As shown.

[0107] Depend on Figure 6It can be seen that when the axial spacing is greater than 4 mm, the axial magnetic attraction of the phononic crystal damping material plate decreases sharply with the increase of the axial spacing; when the axial spacing is between 0.5 and 2 mm, the axial magnetic attraction of the phononic crystal damping material plate is maintained at 4 to 5.2 kg, which can meet the attraction required for the installation of damping materials.

[0108] Example 2

[0109] Using the material plates prepared in Examples 1-24 and Comparative Examples 1-3 as test samples, the following methods were used for testing:

[0110] (1) Tensile strength and elongation: Tested according to standard GB T 528-2009 "Determination of tensile stress-strain properties of vulcanized rubber or thermoplastic rubber";

[0111] (2) Remanence (T): According to the standard GBT 35690-2017 "Method for measuring the relative permeability of weak magnetic materials", the magnetic measurement instrument for permanent magnet materials was used for testing;

[0112] (3) Damping factor: Tested according to GB / T 18258-2000 "Test Method for Damping Performance of Damping Materials".

[0113] The test results are shown in Tables 1 to 3 below.

[0114] Table 1

[0115]

[0116] As shown in Table 1, compared with Examples 5-10, Examples 1-4 controlled the weight ratio of rubber A, rubber B, rubber C, and rubber D within the range of A:B:C:D = (1.5-2.5):(2.5-3.5):(1-4):(1-4). The resulting phononic crystal damping material plates exhibited tensile strengths above 8.1 MPa and damping factors above 0.8, demonstrating better overall performance. This indicates that the present invention introduces an appropriate amount of rubber powder with an average mesh size of 200-400 mesh and rubber A with an average mesh size of 100 mesh for compounding, which can reduce the internal micro-gap of the magnetic damping material plate, making the intermolecular bonding tighter, thereby effectively improving the damping performance and mechanical properties of the phononic crystal damping material plate.

[0117] Table 2

[0118]

[0119]

[0120] As shown in Table 2, the weight ratio of NdFeB alloy powder, NdFeB alloy sheets, and NdFeB alloy wires has a significant impact on the magnetic properties, tensile strength, and tensile performance of the phonon crystal damping material plate. Compared with NdFeB alloy powder alone, the present invention introduces appropriate amounts of NdFeB alloy sheets and NdFeB alloy wires to be compounded with NdFeB alloy powder, which can maintain good tensile performance of the material plate and improve the tensile strength and magnetic properties of the material plate.

[0121] Compared with other embodiments, the NdFeB alloy, in which the weight ratio of NdFeB alloy powder, NdFeB alloy sheet and NdFeB alloy wire is appropriately controlled within the range of alloy powder: alloy sheet: alloy wire = (3.5~4.5):(2~3):(3~4), produces a phonon crystal damping material plate with a remanence of over 0.71T, a tensile strength of over 8.1MPa, and an elongation of over 210%, exhibiting a more balanced and better overall performance.

[0122] Table 3

[0123]

[0124] As shown in Table 3, compared with Example 1, no phonon crystal pillar was inserted into the mounting hole of the magnetic damping material plate in Comparative Example 1. Although the tensile strength and elongation of the magnetic damping material plate did not change much, the damping factor and remanence of the magnetic damping material plate in Comparative Example 1 were significantly smaller than those of the phonon crystal damping material plate in Example 1. This indicates that the introduction of the phonon crystal pillar can effectively improve the damping performance and magnetism of the material plate.

[0125] Compared with Example 1 and Comparative Example 1, Comparative Example 2 distributes phonon crystal pillars at equal intervals in a magnetic damping material plate. This distribution method does not effectively improve the damping performance and magnetism of the material plate.

[0126] Compared with Example 1 and Comparative Example 1, Comparative Example 3 arranged the phonon crystal pillars in parallel in the magnetic damping material plate. Although this improved the damping performance of the material plate, it did not significantly improve the magnetic properties of the material plate.

[0127] Example 3

[0128] The bandgap frequencies of the phonon crystal pillars in Examples 1 and 21-22 were calculated using the following formulas:

[0129]

[0130] Where: f is the bandgap frequency of the phonon crystal structure for vibration suppression, in Hertz (Hz); K e M represents the equivalent stiffness of the phonon crystal structure, expressed in N / mm. e The equivalent mass of the phonon crystal structure is expressed in kg.

[0131] When the phonon crystal pillar is made of copper, the equivalent stiffness is 190 N / mm, the equivalent mass is 22.251 g, and the vibration suppression bandgap frequency is 50 Hz; when the phonon crystal pillar is made of steel, the equivalent stiffness is 200 N / mm, the equivalent mass is 7.634 g, and the vibration suppression bandgap frequency is 100 Hz; when the phonon crystal pillar is made of nickel-chromium alloy, the equivalent stiffness is 235 N / mm, the equivalent mass is 15.195 g, and the vibration suppression bandgap frequency is 150 Hz.

[0132] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the essence and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A phonon crystal damping material plate, characterized in that, It includes a magnetic damping material plate and a phonon crystal pillar array, wherein the phonon crystal pillars of the phonon crystal pillar array extend in the thickness direction of the magnetic damping material plate and penetrate two opposite surfaces of the magnetic damping material plate; The magnetic damping material plate comprises the following components in parts by weight: 80-100 parts rubber, 90-120 parts alloy, 70-90 parts styrene-butadiene raw rubber, 1-3 parts vulcanizing agent, and 2-5 parts anti-aging modifier; the alloy is a neodymium iron boron alloy. In the composition of the magnetic damping material plate, the alloy is compounded from alloy powder, alloy sheet and alloy wire in a weight ratio of alloy powder: alloy sheet: alloy wire = (3.5~4.5):(2~3):(3~4). The alloy sheet has a length of 3~5mm and a thickness of 0.5~2mm; the alloy wire has a length of 40~60mm and a diameter of 0.5~2mm; and the alloy powder has a size of 100~300 mesh.

2. The phonon crystal damping material plate as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The spacing D1 between two adjacent phonon crystal pillar arrays in the same column is 60~80mm, and the spacing D2 between any two adjacent phonon crystal pillar arrays in any column is 60~80mm; each phonon crystal pillar array contains no fewer than three phonon crystal pillars that are equally spaced; the cross-sectional radius of the phonon crystal pillar is 2~4mm; the height of the phonon crystal pillar is the same as the thickness of the magnetic damping material plate; the thickness of the magnetic damping material plate is 8~12mm.

3. The phonon crystal damping material plate as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The phonon crystal pillar is made of a single metal or an alloy.

4. The phonon crystal damping material plate as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The magnetic damping material plate is prepared by the following method: S1. Mix the rubber and anti-aging modifier to obtain a mixture; S2. The mixture obtained in step S1, styrene-butadiene rubber and alloy are mixed and then hot-pressed and vulcanized, and magnetized to obtain a magnetic damping material plate.

5. The phonon crystal damping material plate as described in claim 4, characterized in that, In step S2, the mixing speed is 100~300 rpm and the time is 60~80 min; the hot pressing vulcanization pressure is 15~25 MPa, the temperature is 170~200℃, and the time is 1~3 h; the magnetic field strength for magnetization is not less than 1.5T.

6. A method for preparing a phonon crystal damping material plate as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: A magnetic damping material plate is perforated to form mounting holes, and a phonon crystal pillar is inserted into the mounting holes to obtain a phonon crystal damping material plate.

7. The method for preparing the phonon crystal damping material plate as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The cross-sectional radius r of the mounting hole is smaller than the cross-sectional radius R of the phonon crystal pillar. The cross-sectional radius r refers to the inner diameter of the mounting hole in the magnetic damping material plate under natural conditions. Furthermore, r and R satisfy: 0 ≤ Rr ≤ 0.5 mm.

8. A method for installing a phonon crystal damping material plate as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: (1) The magnet is magnetically attached to one side of the steel plate and the phonon crystal damping material plate is magnetically attached to the other side of the steel plate to obtain the mounting structure. (2) Select the target structure surface and install the magnet piece of the mounting structure on the target structure surface by magnetic adsorption.

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