A heat exchanger, its usage method and related applications

Abstract

The present invention discloses a heat exchanger, its usage method and related applications. The heat exchanger includes: an upper tube sheet, an upper shell, a lower shell, a lower tube sheet, a first tube bundle located in the upper shell and a second tube bundle located in the lower shell; the upper end of the first tube bundle communicates with the inner cavity of the upper tube sheet, and the lower end communicates with the inner cavity of the lower shell. The lower end of the second tube bundle communicates with the inner cavity of the lower tube sheet. A first material inlet is provided at the bottom of the lower tube sheet, at least one second material inlet is provided on the lower shell, a mixed material outlet is provided at the top of the upper tube sheet, and a third material inlet and a third material outlet are provided on the upper shell; through the mixing of the first material and the second material in the lower shell, the operation of gas-liquid mixing in the heat exchanger and then heat exchange with a third-party material is realized, without additional mixing pipelines, the equipment structure is simple, the floor area is small, the operation is convenient, the system stability is good, and the gas-liquid mixing is more uniform.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of petrochemical engineering, and particularly relates to a heat exchanger, a method for using the same, and related applications. Background Art

[0002] In oil refining and chemical production, heat exchangers are widely used. During use, there are many situations where gas-liquid materials need to be mixed and then heat exchanged with a third material.

[0003] In the prior art, the method for realizing the mixing of gas-liquid materials is generally to mix on the pipeline before entering the heat exchanger or to set up a special mixing device for mixing. After the gas-liquid materials are mixed, they enter the heat exchanger for heat exchange. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The inventors of the present application found that the method for realizing the mixing of gas-liquid materials in the prior art will increase the number of devices, the number of pipelines and valves connected to the heat exchanger, and the mixing pipelines will also be relatively thick. At the same time, it will increase the floor area of the process unit and the difficulty of equipment operation. Moreover, the existing implementation method has poor system stability and inconvenient operation, and cannot meet the process requirements of uniform gas-liquid phase mixing.

[0005] In view of the above problems, the present invention is proposed to provide a heat exchanger, a method for using the same, and related applications that overcome the above problems or at least partially solve the above problems.

[0006] An embodiment of the present invention provides a heat exchanger, including: an upper tube sheet, an upper shell, a lower shell, a lower tube sheet, a first tube bundle located in the upper shell, and a second tube bundle located in the lower shell;

[0007] A first material inlet is provided at the bottom of the lower tube sheet, and the lower end of the second tube bundle communicates with the inner cavity of the lower tube sheet to enable the first material to enter the second tube bundle;

[0008] At least one second material inlet is provided on the lower shell to enable the second material to enter the inner cavity of the lower shell and mix with the first material in the second tube bundle to obtain a mixed material;

[0009] The lower end of the first tube bundle communicates with the inner cavity of the lower shell to enable the mixed material to enter the first tube bundle; the upper end of the first tube bundle communicates with the inner cavity of the upper tube sheet, and a mixed material outlet is provided at the top of the upper tube sheet;

[0010] A third material inlet and a third material outlet are provided on the upper shell to enable the third material to exchange heat with the mixed material in the first tube bundle through the shell side of the upper shell.

[0011] In some alternative embodiments, the heat exchange tubes corresponding in position in the first tube bundle and the second tube bundle are the same through tube. A material channel is formed in the side wall of the tube body of the second tube bundle, so that the second material enters the tube body of the second tube bundle to be mixed with the first material to obtain a mixed material.

[0012] In some alternative embodiments, the material channel is a through hole or a long groove formed in the side wall of the tube body of the second tube bundle.

[0013] In some alternative embodiments, the heat exchanger further includes: a switching mechanism disposed at each material channel to control the material flow rate in the material channel.

[0014] In some alternative embodiments, the heat exchange tubes in the first tube bundle and the heat exchange tubes corresponding in position in the second tube bundle are two different tubes. There is a gap at the ends of the two tubes, so that after the second material is mixed with the first material entering from the second tube bundle to obtain a mixed material, the mixed material enters the first tube bundle.

[0015] In some alternative embodiments, the diameter of the heat exchange tubes in the first tube bundle is larger than the diameter of the heat exchange tubes in the second tube bundle.

[0016] In some alternative embodiments, the second material inlet is disposed on the side wall of the lower housing, and a steam belt is provided outside the second material inlet to uniformly disperse the second material to each second material inlet.

[0017] In some alternative embodiments, the heat exchanger further includes: a baffle rod disposed in the lower housing. The baffle rod is fixed on a layer plate between the lower housing and the lower tube sheet, and the baffle rod includes a plurality of rod bodies distributed in a staggered manner in multiple layers.

[0018] In some alternative embodiments, the heat exchanger further includes: an internal floating head located in the inner cavity of the lower housing. The internal floating head is detachably connected to the lower end of the second tube bundle.

[0019] In some alternative embodiments, the heat exchanger further includes: a baffle plate located in the inner cavity of the upper housing. The baffle plate has a plurality of through holes corresponding to the heat exchange tubes in the first tube bundle for the heat exchange tubes to pass through, and the baffle plate is connected to the first tube bundle.

[0020] An embodiment of the present invention further provides a method for using the above heat exchanger, including:

[0021] The first material enters the second tube bundle through the inner cavity of the lower tube sheet from the first material inlet, and the second material enters the inner cavity of the lower housing from the second material inlet. The second material is mixed with the first material in the second tube bundle or at the upper end of the second tube bundle to obtain a mixed material, and the mixed material enters the first tube bundle;

[0022] The third material enters the shell side of the upper shell from the third material inlet, exchanges heat with the mixed material in the first tube bundle, and the third material after heat exchange is discharged from the third material outlet.

[0023] The beneficial effects of the above technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present invention at least include:

[0024] The heat exchanger provided by the embodiment of the present invention can realize the mixing of the first material and the second material in the heat exchanger. The mixed material after mixing then enters the first tube bundle to exchange heat with the third material. There is no need to add additional pipelines and equipment for material mixing, which is convenient for operation. Moreover, the structure for material mixing is integrated in the heat exchanger, making the heat exchanger structure compact and not increasing the floor area of the process equipment. This heat exchanger has good system stability and can meet the process requirements of uniform gas-liquid mixing.

[0025] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in the following specification, and, in part, will be obvious from the specification, or will be understood by implementing the present invention. The objectives and other advantages of the present invention can be realized and obtained by the structures specifically pointed out in the written specification, claims, and drawings.

[0026] The technical solutions of the present invention will be further described in detail below through the drawings and embodiments. Description of the Drawings

[0027] The drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation to the present invention. In the drawings:

[0028] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the heat exchanger in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 is a three-dimensional structural example diagram of the heat exchanger in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the hole-opening structure of the second tube bundle in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the slotting structure of the second tube bundle in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the heat exchanger using different specifications of heat exchange tube bundles in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the heat exchanger provided with a steam belt in Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 7This is a schematic structural diagram of a heat exchanger with an internal floating head in the fourth embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Explanation of reference numerals:

[0036] 1 - upper tube sheet, 2 - upper shell, 3 - lower shell, 4 - lower tube sheet, 5 - first tube bundle, 6 - second tube bundle, 7 - baffle rod,

[0037] 8 - baffle plate, 9 - steam belt, 10 - internal floating head;

[0038] 11 - outlet of mixed material;

[0039] 21 - inlet of third material, 22 - outlet of third material;

[0040] 31 - inlet of second material;

[0041] 41 - inlet of first material;

[0042] 61 - material channel. Detailed implementation manners

[0043] Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail with reference to the drawings. Although the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments set forth herein. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided so that the present disclosure can be more thoroughly understood and the scope of the present disclosure can be fully conveyed to those skilled in the art.

[0044] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0045] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.

[0046] To solve the problems existing in the prior art in the application scenario of first mixing materials and then performing heat exchange, an embodiment of the present invention provides a heat exchanger to meet the application requirements of heat exchange between a gas-liquid material and a third material after uniform mixing, without the need for additional equipment and pipelines. This heat exchanger has good system stability, convenient operation, and relatively good investment economy. The drawings of the present invention are only exemplary structural diagrams, not mechanical design drawings. For example, the plates may be exemplified by a straight line or two parallel lines, but it should be understood that the plate-like structures all have thickness, which is not shown in the drawings. Also, for example, the material inlet and outlet structures are also exemplified by lines and should be understood as having a certain diameter or width, and so on. Those skilled in the art should be able to understand and will not be explained one by one in the following description.

[0047] Embodiment 1

[0048] An embodiment 1 of the present invention provides a heat exchanger, the structure of which is as Figure 1 shown, including: an upper tube sheet 1, an upper shell 2, a lower shell 3, a lower tube sheet 4, a first tube bundle 5 located in the upper shell 2, and a second tube bundle 6 located in the lower shell 3;

[0049] A first material inlet 41 is provided at the bottom of the lower tube sheet 4, and the lower end of the second tube bundle 6 communicates with the inner cavity of the lower tube sheet 4 to enable the first material to enter the second tube bundle 6;

[0050] At least one second material inlet 31 is provided on the lower shell 3 to enable the second material to enter the inner cavity of the lower shell 3 and mix with the first material in the second tube bundle 6 to obtain a mixed material;

[0051] The lower end of the first tube bundle 5 communicates with the inner cavity of the lower shell 3 to enable the mixed material to enter the first tube bundle 5; the upper end of the first tube bundle 5 communicates with the inner cavity of the upper tube sheet 1, and a mixed material outlet 11 is provided at the top of the upper tube sheet 1;

[0052] A third material inlet 21 and a third material outlet 22 are provided on the upper shell 2 to enable the third material to perform heat exchange with the mixed material in the first tube bundle 5 through the shell side of the upper shell 2.

[0053] The heat exchange tubes corresponding in position in the first tube bundle 5 and the second tube bundle 6 are the same through tube. A material channel 61 is provided on the side wall of the tube body of the second tube bundle 6, and the second material enters the tube body of the second tube bundle 6 to mix with the first material to obtain a mixed material.

[0054] As Figure 1As shown, there are laminates between the upper tube sheet 1 and the upper shell 2, between the upper shell 2 and the lower shell 3, and between the lower shell 3 and the lower tube sheet 4 of the heat exchanger. The upper ends of the heat exchange tubes in the first tube bundle 5 enter the corresponding through holes of the laminate between the upper tube sheet 1 and the upper shell 2, and the mixed material therein can enter the cavity of the upper tube sheet 1. The lower ends of the second tube bundle 6 enter the corresponding through holes of the laminate between the lower shell 3 and the lower tube sheet 4, and the first material can enter the second tube bundle 6. As Figure 2 The three-dimensional structure diagram of the heat exchanger shown shows multiple heat exchange tubes in the first tube bundle 5 after a partial side wall of the upper shell 2 of the heat exchanger is cut open.

[0055] For the above heat exchanger, the mixing of the first material and the second material can be achieved in the heat exchanger. After mixing, the mixed material exchanges heat with the third material when entering the first tube bundle. There is no need to add additional pipelines and equipment for material mixing, and the operation is convenient. Moreover, the structure for material mixing is integrated in the heat exchanger, making the heat exchanger structure compact and not increasing the floor area of the process equipment. This heat exchanger has good system stability and can meet the process requirements of uniform gas-liquid phase mixing.

[0056] In order to enable the first material and the second material to be fully mixed, different mixing structures can be set in the lower shell. For example, the heat exchange tubes corresponding in position in the first tube bundle and the second tube bundle use the same heat exchange tube, and a material channel is provided at the lower end, or the first tube bundle and the second tube bundle use two heat exchange tubes with different specifications. In the first embodiment, an optional mixing structure is provided to enable the second material to enter the pipeline of the second tube bundle to be mixed with the first material, that is, a material channel is opened. The material channel is a through hole or a long groove opened on the side wall of the tube body of the second tube bundle. After entering the heat exchanger, the second material enters the second tube bundle through the through hole or the long groove to be mixed with the first material in the second tube bundle. The structure of the heat exchange tube in the second tube bundle with the through hole opened is as Figure 3 shown. The diameter and quantity of the through holes can be designed according to the materials to be mixed, and can be arranged on one side of the heat exchange tube, or on both symmetric sides of the heat exchange tube, or distributed regularly on the side wall of the heat exchange tube. The structure of the heat exchange tube in the second tube bundle with the long groove opened is as Figure 4 shown. The length, width and quantity of the long groove can be designed according to the materials to be mixed, and can be arranged on one side of the heat exchange tube, or on both symmetric sides of the heat exchange tube, or distributed regularly on the side wall of the heat exchange tube. Optionally, through holes and long grooves can also be set simultaneously, and the specific distribution can be set according to needs.

[0057] Optionally, a flow control mechanism can be provided for each material channel to control the flow rate and the on / off state of the flow. That is to say, the above heat exchanger further includes a switching mechanism (not shown in the figure) provided at each material channel to control the material flow rate in the material channel. The structure of the switching mechanism for controlling the material channel matches the structure of the controlled material channel. When it is closed, the material channel can be closed and the material cannot pass through. When it is opened, the flow rate of the material passing through can be different according to the opening degree.

[0058] In some alternative embodiments, the above heat exchanger further includes: a baffle rod 7 provided in the lower housing. The baffle rod is fixed to the laminate between the lower housing 3 and the lower tube sheet 4. The baffle rod 7 includes multiple layers of staggered rod bodies. Since gas-liquid two-phase mixing needs to be achieved in the lower housing and a large amount of material flows in the shell side outside the second tube bundle, the processing amount of the mixed material is large and vibration is likely to occur in the second tube bundle. If a baffle plate is provided, although the mechanical vibration caused by the flow can be avoided, the flow resistance on the shell side will be increased and the pressure drop will be increased. Therefore, a baffle rod is used as the support structure. The second tube bundle passes through the gaps formed by the staggered rod bodies. The baffle rod structure supports the second tube bundle. Using the baffle rod not only solves the mechanical vibration of the heat exchange tubes caused by the flow of a large amount of material on the shell side of the second tube bundle, but also reduces the flow resistance of the material and the overall pressure drop on the shell side is small. The baffle rod can be provided with multiple layers. Each layer of the baffle rod can include multiple rods. For example, it can include an annular rod and multiple cross-distributed rods in the ring, and the cross-distributed rods form a certain angle; it can also include an annular rod and multiple parallel-distributed rods in the ring, and the rods distributed in adjacent two layers of the baffle rods form a certain angle with each other.

[0059] In some alternative embodiments, the above heat exchanger further includes: a baffle plate 8 located in the inner cavity of the upper housing 2. The baffle plate has a plurality of through holes corresponding to the heat exchange tubes in the first tube bundle for the heat exchange tubes to pass through. The baffle plate is connected to the first tube bundle or the baffle plate is connected to the upper housing 2. Since the heat exchange tubes in the first tube bundle are relatively long and are prone to vibration, resulting in the rupture of the heat exchange tubes and affecting the service life of the equipment, a baffle plate is added to support the first tube bundle, greatly improving the rigidity of the heat exchange tubes, reducing the vibration of the heat exchange tubes caused by the material flow, thereby increasing the service life of the equipment and improving the safety. At the same time, the baffle plate also plays a role in forced baffle flow, improving the overall heat exchange efficiency. As Figure 1 shown, a plurality of baffle plates 8 are arranged from top to bottom, and the plurality of baffle plates 8 can be staggered, that is, one of the adjacent two baffle plates 8 is arranged on the left side of the upper housing and the other is arranged on the right side.

[0060] The heat exchange tubes in the first tube bundle and the second tube bundle of the above heat exchanger can adopt high-efficiency heat exchange tubes. By improving the heat transfer efficiency on both sides of the tube shell, the required heat exchange area is reduced, thus greatly saving the equipment investment and having good economic benefits.

[0061] Example Two

[0062] Example Two of the present invention provides a heat exchanger. The difference between the heat exchanger provided in Example Two and that in Example One is that the heat exchange tubes in the first tube bundle and the second tube bundle are two different tubes, that is, the heat exchange tubes in the first tube bundle and the second tube bundle are heat exchange tubes with different specifications. Its structure is as Figure 5 shown, including:

[0063] The heat exchange tubes in the first tube bundle 5 corresponding to the heat exchange tubes in the second tube bundle 6 at the corresponding positions are two different tubes, and there is a gap at the ends of the two tubes. After the second material and the first material entering from the second tube bundle are mixed to obtain a mixed material, they enter the first tube bundle. As Figure 5 shown, there is a certain distance between the lower end surface of the heat exchange tube in the first tube bundle 5 and the upper end surface of the heat exchange tube in the second tube bundle 6, forming a gap, so that the second material can enter the first tube bundle from this gap. As Figure 5 shown, the upper end of the second tube bundle is suspended, and the lower end of the first tube bundle enters the corresponding through holes of the laminates between the upper housing 2 and the lower housing 3.

[0064] In order to make it more convenient for the second material to enter the first tube bundle, preferably, the diameter of the heat exchange tubes in the first tube bundle is larger than the diameter of the heat exchange tubes in the second tube bundle. During the heat exchange process, the first material enters the second tube bundle 6 through the first material inlet 41 and mixes with the second material entering the lower housing from the second material inlet 31 in the inner cavity of the lower housing, and then enters the first tube bundle 5 together to exchange heat with the third material in the shell side. The first material flows through the second tube bundle, and the second material flows outside the second tube bundle. Finally, they flow into the first tube bundle together to complete the mixing. The gap and a large number of heat exchange tubes with different specifications can ensure better mixing uniformity.

[0065] Example Three

[0066] Example Three of the present invention provides a heat exchanger. The difference between the heat exchanger provided in Example Three and that in Example One and Example Two is that it further includes a steam belt. Its structure is as Figure 6 shown, including:

[0067] The second material inlet is arranged on the side wall of the lower shell body, and a steam belt 9 is arranged outside the second material inlet so as to uniformly disperse the second material to each second material inlet. Since the material flow rate in the second tube bundle area is large, too small or too little material inlet size will increase the pressure drop in the shell side, increase the pressure drop at the material inlet pipe orifice, and at the same time affect the uniform distribution of the shell side material, resulting in uneven material distribution. Therefore, the inlet structure of the steam belt is adopted. The steam belt is arranged on the outer side of the lower shell body, and different connection methods such as welding, threaded connection, riveting, bonding, etc. can be used. The steam belt has a cavity structure, and there are a plurality of through holes in the shell part covered by the steam belt; after the second material passes through the steam belt, it flows and disperses in the steam belt to the periphery of the lower shell body, and disperses into the lower shell body of the heat exchanger through a plurality of through holes on the side wall, thereby reducing the pressure drop on the shell side of the heat exchanger shell and enabling the material to be evenly distributed, achieving a better heat transfer effect.

[0068] It is also possible not to set the steam belt structure and only set a plurality of through holes as the material inlet. Whether to set the steam belt structure specifically can be selected according to the size of the mixed material processing volume and the requirements of the process for the equipment pressure drop. The diameter and number of the through holes as the material inlet can be designed according to needs.

[0069] Embodiment 4

[0070] Embodiment 4 of the present invention provides a heat exchanger. The difference between the heat exchanger provided in Embodiment 4 and Embodiments 1, 2, and 3 is that it further includes an internal floating head 10, and its structure is as Figure 7 shown, including:

[0071] The internal floating head 10 located in the inner cavity of the lower shell body is detachably connected to the lower end of the second tube bundle. Due to the different characteristics of the materials, the cleaning requirements for the equipment are also different. Therefore, the structure of the lower end of the second tube bundle can be selected according to the different mixed materials and the cleaning requirements of the equipment. When mechanical cleaning is not required, the tube sheet type as Figure 1 shown is selected; when mechanical cleaning is required, the internal floating head type as Figure 7 shown is selected, and the internal floating head can be removed during the cleaning of the heat exchanger.

[0072] Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment of the present invention also provides a method for using the above heat exchanger, including: the first material enters the second tube bundle from the first material inlet through the inner cavity of the lower tube box, the second material enters the inner cavity of the lower shell body from the second material inlet, and is mixed with the first material in the second tube bundle or at the upper end of the second tube bundle to obtain a mixed material, and the mixed material enters the first tube bundle; the third material enters the shell side of the upper shell body from the third material inlet, exchanges heat with the mixed material in the first tube bundle, and the third material after heat exchange is discharged from the third material outlet, and the mixed material is discharged from the mixed material outlet.

[0073] Based on the same inventive concept, an embodiment of the present invention further provides an application of the above heat exchanger in the process of material mixing and heat exchange of the mixed material.

[0074] The heat exchanger provided by the embodiment of the present invention can be used in industrial fields such as oil refining and chemical industry, and is particularly suitable for the situation where two different materials are mixed and then heat exchanged with a third material. Generally, in order to achieve material mixing and heat exchange, mixing is usually carried out on the pipeline before entering the heat exchanger, or a mixing device is set up, and then heat transfer is carried out after entering the heat exchanger. In actual production operation, undoubtedly, the number of equipment will be increased, the number of pipelines and valves connected thereto will be increased, especially the mixing pipeline will be relatively thick; the floor area of the process unit will be increased, the complexity and danger of the process system will be increased, and the difficulty of equipment operation will also be increased. The heat exchanger provided by the embodiment of the present invention is divided into two regions, namely a first tube bundle region and a second tube bundle region, within one device; the heat exchanger mixes and preheats the materials in the second tube bundle region, and transfers heat to the materials in the first tube bundle region. The traditional material mixing and heat exchange are combined into one, and the process requirements are completed within one device. Thus, the number of equipment, pipelines and valves is greatly reduced, the floor area of the process unit is saved, the process system flow is simplified, and the operability of the equipment is improved. Since the material throughput is large, the equipment size is usually increased to meet the heat exchange requirements, which will undoubtedly increase the equipment investment. The heat exchanger provided by the embodiment of the present invention has a compact structure and the equipment size does not change much. By changing the structure type of the heat exchanger, adding steam belts, baffle plates, baffle rods, internal floating heads and other measures, the problems of equipment operation and investment are effectively solved, so as to realize the optimized design of the equipment and the process system. The heat exchanger can adopt high-efficiency heat exchange tubes. By improving the heat transfer efficiency on both sides of the tube shell, the required heat exchange area is reduced, thus greatly saving the equipment investment and having good economic benefits.

[0075] It should be understood that the specific order or hierarchy of steps in the disclosed process is an example of an exemplary method. Based on design preferences, it should be understood that the specific order or hierarchy of steps in the process can be rearranged without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. The appended method claims present the elements of the various steps in an exemplary order and are not intended to be limited to the specific order or hierarchy recited.

[0076] In the above detailed description, various features are combined in a single embodiment to simplify the present disclosure. This method of disclosure should not be interpreted as reflecting an intention that the embodiments of the claimed subject matter require more features than are expressly recited in each claim. On the contrary, as reflected in the appended claims, the present invention lies in a state less than all the features of the single disclosed embodiment. Therefore, the appended claims are hereby expressly incorporated into the detailed description, where each claim stands alone as a separate preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0077] The foregoing description includes examples of one or more embodiments. Of course, it is not possible to describe all possible combinations of components or methods for the purpose of describing the above embodiments, but those of ordinary skill in the art should recognize that the various embodiments can be further combined and arranged. Accordingly, the embodiments described herein are intended to embrace all such changes, modifications, and variations that fall within the scope of the appended claims. Further, with respect to the term "comprising" as used in the specification or claims, this term is inclusive in a manner similar to the term "including", as that term is interpreted when used as a transitional word in a claim. Additionally, any use of the term "or" in the claims or specification is to be meant "non-exclusive or".

Claims

1. A heat exchanger, characterized in that, Comprising: an upper header box, an upper shell, a lower shell, a lower header box, a first tube bundle located in the upper shell, and a second tube bundle located in the lower shell; a first material inlet is provided at the bottom of the lower header box, and the lower end of the second tube bundle communicates with the inner cavity of the lower header box so that the first material enters the second tube bundle; at least one second material inlet is provided on the lower shell so that the second material enters the inner cavity of the lower shell and is mixed with the first material in the second tube bundle to obtain a mixed material; the lower end of the first tube bundle communicates with the inner cavity of the lower shell so that the mixed material enters the first tube bundle; the heat exchange tubes corresponding in position in the first tube bundle and the second tube bundle are the same through tube, and a material channel is provided on the side wall of the tube body of the second tube bundle so that the second material enters the tube body of the second tube bundle to be mixed with the first material to obtain a mixed material; or, the heat exchange tubes in the first tube bundle and the heat exchange tubes corresponding in position in the second tube bundle are two different tubes, there is a gap at the ends of the two tubes, and the diameter of the heat exchange tubes in the first tube bundle is larger than the diameter of the heat exchange tubes in the second tube bundle so that the second material is mixed with the first material entering from the second tube bundle and then enters the first tube bundle; the upper end of the first tube bundle communicates with the inner cavity of the upper header box, and a mixed material outlet is provided at the top of the upper header box; a third material inlet and a third material outlet are provided on the upper shell so that the third material passes through the shell side of the upper shell to exchange heat with the mixed material in the first tube bundle.

2. The heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that, The material channel is a through hole or a long groove provided on the side wall of the tube body of the second tube bundle.

3. The heat exchanger according to claim 2, characterized in that, Further comprising: a switching mechanism provided at each material channel to control the material flow rate in the material channel.

4. The heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second material inlet is provided on the side wall of the lower shell, and a steam belt is provided outside the second material inlet so that the second material is evenly dispersed to each second material inlet.

5. The heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that, Further comprising: baffle rods provided in the lower shell, the baffle rods are fixed on the laminate between the lower shell and the lower header box, and the baffle rods include a plurality of layers of rod bodies distributed in a staggered manner.

6. The heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that, Further comprising: an internal floating head located in the inner cavity of the lower shell, and the internal floating head is detachably connected to the lower end of the second tube bundle.

7. The heat exchanger according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, Further comprising: baffle plates located in the inner cavity of the upper shell, the baffle plates have a plurality of through holes corresponding to the heat exchange tubes in the first tube bundle for the heat exchange tubes to pass through, and the baffle plates are connected to the first tube bundle.

8. Application of a heat exchanger according to any one of claims 1-7 in the process of material mixing and heat exchange of the mixed material.

9. A method for using a heat exchanger according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, Comprising: The first material enters the second tube bundle from the first material inlet through the inner cavity of the lower header box, the second material enters the inner cavity of the lower shell from the second material inlet, and is mixed with the first material in the second tube bundle or at the upper end of the second tube bundle to obtain a mixed material, and the mixed material enters the first tube bundle; The third material enters the shell side of the upper shell from the third material inlet, exchanges heat with the mixed material in the first tube bundle, and the third material after heat exchange is discharged from the third material outlet.

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