Large aperture square optical element side edge polishing clamping device and clamping method

Abstract

This invention relates to a clamping device and method for side polishing of large-aperture square optical elements. The invention uses a large-face fixing part and a side-face fixing part to fix both sides of the optical element to the clamping device. The rotation axis of the clamping device (i.e., the rotation axis of the base) is at a certain distance from the rotation axis of the side polishing machine. The side polishing machine's disc rotates at a certain speed along its own axis, while the clamping device simultaneously drives the element to rotate at a certain speed along the clamping device's axis. Through the relative movement between the polishing disc and the side of the optical element, the purpose of side polishing of the optical element is achieved. The clamping device, with clamping in a first and second direction on both sides of the optical element, ensures that the element does not shift during the side polishing process. The material removed from the polished end face of the optical element is uniform, improving the repeated clamping position accuracy and side polishing quality and efficiency of optical elements with large aspect ratios.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of optical ultra-precision machining technology, and more specifically to a side polishing clamping device and clamping method for large-diameter square optical elements. Background Technology

[0002] Large-aperture square optical elements can eliminate the adverse effects of spherical aberration, coma, and other aberrations generated by spherical elements during beam transmission. They can reduce light energy loss and improve focusing and calibration accuracy when focusing the beam. Therefore, they are widely used in high-power laser devices, high-resolution optical telescope systems, and high-sensitivity infrared sensing systems.

[0003] When polishing the sides of large-aperture square optical elements, the side of the optical element contacts the polishing machine's disc. Due to the large width ratio (≥1:8) between the side of the optical element and the large surface area, the side of the optical element is prone to tilting or even falling over during polishing. A certain angle exists between the side of the optical element and the polishing machine's disc, leading to uneven removal of the side of the optical element, reduced removal efficiency, and directly affecting the perpendicularity of the side of the optical element. Existing fixtures can only fix the optical element in place. When the thickness ratio of the element is large, the element's center of gravity is unstable, and the rotation process is prone to displacement due to forces, resulting in poor processing quality and failing to solve the problem of polishing the sides of large-aperture square optical elements.

[0004] Therefore, how to provide a side polishing clamping device and clamping method for large-aperture square optical elements is a problem that urgently needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Therefore, one objective of the present invention is to provide a side polishing clamping device for large-aperture square optical elements, and another objective is to provide a side polishing clamping method for large-aperture square optical elements using the above-mentioned device, thereby solving the technical problem that the side polishing clamping of large-aperture square optical elements is unstable, resulting in poor polishing effect of large-aperture square optical elements.

[0006] The present invention provides a side polishing clamping device for large-aperture square optical elements, comprising:

[0007] The base has its bottom in contact with the machine tool tray surface, and the interior of the base has a through-type storage area for placing square optical elements and polishing media;

[0008] A support frame is provided on the base near the through-type storage area, and the support frame is arranged perpendicularly to the base;

[0009] The component large surface fixing part is provided with at least two sets of component large surface fixing parts that can move along the first direction and are used to fix the large surface of the square optical component on both sides of the support frame.

[0010] The support frame has two sets of component side fixing parts that are offset from the component large surface fixing parts and symmetrically arranged on both sides, for moving along the second direction and fixing the side of the square optical element; each set of component large surface fixing parts and the corresponding set of component side fixing parts are located on the same side of the square optical element.

[0011] The base is a rotating body, and its rotation axis is kept at a certain distance from the rotation axis of the machine tool disk of the side polishing machine. The machine tool disk rotates at a certain speed along its own axis. At the same time, the base, support frame, component large surface fixing part and component side fixing part drive the square optical element to rotate at a certain speed along the rotation axis of the base, so that the machine tool disk and the side processing surface of the square optical element maintain relative movement and polish.

[0012] Furthermore, the through-type storage area in the middle of the base is a waist-shaped groove, and the side of the waist-shaped groove forms a slope that slopes downward from top to bottom.

[0013] Furthermore, the support frame includes:

[0014] The support plate consists of two sets, which are symmetrically fixed on both sides of the through-type storage area with the rotation axis of the base as the center. The base with opposite fixed positions has a downwardly recessed platform area.

[0015] The back support plate consists of two sets of support plates with their backs parallel and spaced apart, forming a frame structure with one side open around the through storage area.

[0016] A back fixing plate is installed inside the frame structure, and the verticality of the back fixing plate to the base can be adjusted.

[0017] Furthermore, the base is made of nylon; the support plate is made of a low-density, high-strength metal material; and the back fixing plate is made of a low-density non-metallic material.

[0018] Furthermore, each group of the aforementioned component's large-surface fixing portion includes:

[0019] Large surface fixing block guide groove, the back support plate is provided with large surface fixing block guide groove on both sides opposite to the back fixing plate;

[0020] A large surface fixing block, wherein the guide groove of the large surface fixing block accommodates at least a portion of the large surface fixing block, for moving along a first direction and for fixing the large surface of a square optical element;

[0021] The large-face fixing block locks the large face of the square optical element in the first direction by rotating the horn screw located on the back support plate.

[0022] Furthermore, a threaded hole is provided at the tail end of the large surface fixing block, and the threaded hole is threadedly connected to the ram screw; a flexible block is fixed on the side of the large surface fixing block near the square optical element.

[0023] Furthermore, each group of said components includes the following side fixing portion:

[0024] A side stop block, which is located on the same side of the square optical element as the large surface fixing block, is used to clamp the side of the square optical element from a second direction; wherein the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction;

[0025] A fastening rod is provided, which is connected to the side stop block outward. The fastening rod passes through the support plate and is rotatably connected to the support plate. A fixing block is fixed to the support plate on the side away from the side stop block. A fastening nut is connected to the fastening rod along the second direction and on the side away from the fixing block.

[0026] The guide rod is L-shaped, with one end arranged parallel to the fastening rod and rotatably connected to the support plate, and the other end perpendicular to and fixedly connected to the fastening rod.

[0027] Furthermore, the back fixing plate is connected to the back support plate via multiple position adjustment screws; the disassembly screw passes through the back support plate and the back fixing plate, and is used to push the polished square optical element away from the back fixing plate.

[0028] Furthermore, the side polishing and clamping device for large-aperture square optical elements also includes an element pad, the bottom surface of which is flat and the top surface is wedge-shaped, and the pad is made of the same material as the square optical element, and is used to position it in conjunction with the wedge-shaped aspherical optical element.

[0029] The present invention proposes a clamping method using the above-mentioned large-aperture square optical element side polishing clamping device, comprising the following steps:

[0030] S1. Adjustment of the verticality between the support frame and the base;

[0031] S2. Place the large-aperture square optical element polishing device on the machine tool tray;

[0032] S3. Clamp the square optical element from both sides in the first and second directions. Clamp the large surface of the square optical element from the first direction with the fixing part of the large surface of the element, and clamp the side surface of the square optical element from the second direction with the fixing part of the side surface of the element, while keeping the square optical element horizontal with the machine tool plate.

[0033] S4. Component side polishing: The machine tool disk rotates along its own axis, and the large-aperture square optical component side polishing device rotates under the action of the drive mechanism, so that the large-aperture square optical component side polishing device and the machine tool disk undergo planetary relative motion, thereby realizing the side polishing of the square optical component.

[0034] As can be seen from the above technical solution, compared with the prior art, the present invention fixes both sides of the optical element to the clamping device through the large surface fixing part and the side fixing part of the element. The rotation axis of the clamping device (i.e., the rotation axis of the base) is at a certain distance from the rotation axis of the side polishing machine. The side polishing machine disk rotates at a certain speed along its own axis, while the clamping device drives the element to rotate at a certain speed along the axis of the clamping device. Through the relative movement between the polishing disk and the side of the optical element, the purpose of side polishing of the optical element is achieved. The clamping device clamps the optical element on both sides in the first and second directions, ensuring that the element will not be displaced during the side polishing process. The material removed from the polished end face of the optical element is uniform, improving the repeated clamping position accuracy and side polishing quality and efficiency of optical elements with large aspect ratios.

[0035] This invention eliminates the need to adjust multiple position blocks to make the side of the optical element coincide with the working surface. It only requires fixing and clamping along the same side in the first and second directions, and will not cause the element to tilt due to different thread preload.

[0036] When one side of the optical element being processed is curved, existing clamping devices have difficulty fitting the optical element together, resulting in uneven force distribution. The contact surface of the back fixing plate of this invention is flat. For flat and aspherical optical elements, only the edge part needs to be tightened and stressed, without the need for high-precision matching. When the thin end of the element is thin or the orientation is incorrect, the polishing surface can be increased and the orientation of the element can be adjusted by adding a pad on the back. The orientation of wedge-shaped aspherical optical elements can also be adjusted by adding an element pad.

[0037] This invention adjusts the posture of the back fixing plate to ensure that the optical element is in large-area contact with the back fixing plate, resulting in more uniform force distribution, easier repeated positioning and clamping, and higher accuracy. It solves the technical problem of existing clamping devices where, when the thickness ratio of the element is large, the element's center of gravity is unstable, and the element is easily displaced during rotation due to force, leading to poor component processing quality.

[0038] The large surface fixing part and the side surface fixing part of the present invention fix the two sides of the optical element on the clamping device. Each set of large surface fixing parts and side surface fixing parts is located on the same side of the element, which makes the structure more compact, the clamping force more uniform, and the operation simple. Attached Figure Description

[0039] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0040] Figure 1 The attached figure is a schematic diagram of the side polishing and clamping device for large-aperture square optical elements provided by the present invention.

[0041] Figure 2 The attached image is... Figure 1 Rear view;

[0042] Figure 3 The attached diagram shows a schematic diagram of the component's side mounting part (part of the base, back support plate, and back mounting plate are shown).

[0043] Figure 4 The attached figure illustrates the clamping state of an optical element in the side polishing clamping device for a large-aperture square optical element according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 5 The attached figure illustrates the clamping state of another optical element in the side polishing clamping device for large-aperture square optical elements according to the present invention.

[0045] Figure 6 The attached figure illustrates a schematic diagram of the side polishing of a large-aperture square optical element according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] In the diagram: 1—base, 2—support plate, 3—large surface fixing block, 4—large surface fixing block guide groove, 5—flexible block, 6—guide rod, 7—fastening rod, 8—fastening nut, 9—fixing block, 10—side stop block, 11—back support plate, 12—back fixing plate, 13—machine tool disc, 14—machine tool driven wheel, 15—machine tool driving wheel, 16—machine tool support component, 17—planar / inclined optical element, 18—element pad, 19—wedge-shaped aspherical optical element, 20—position adjustment screw, 21—disassembly screw, 22—horn screw. Detailed Implementation

[0047] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0048] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0049] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0050] Because existing clamps can only fix optical components, when the thickness ratio of the component is large, the center of gravity of the component is unstable, and the optical component is easily displaced by the force during rotation, resulting in poor processing quality. Therefore, this invention provides a side polishing clamping device for large-diameter square optical components. (See attached diagram) Figure 1-3 And 6, including:

[0051] The base 1 has its bottom in contact with the machine tool tray 13, and its interior forms a through-type storage area for placing square optical elements and polishing media; a support frame is provided on the base 1 near the through-type storage area, and the support frame is arranged perpendicularly to the base 1; a large surface fixing part for the element is provided, with at least two sets of large surface fixing parts for the element, which can move along a first direction and are used to fix the large surface of the square optical element, symmetrically arranged on both sides of the support frame; and a side surface fixing part for the element is provided, with two sets of side surface fixing parts for the element, which are offset from the large surface fixing parts and symmetrically arranged on both sides of the support frame, for the element, which can move along a second direction and fix the side of the square optical element; each set of large surface fixing parts and the corresponding set of side surface fixing parts are located on the same side of the square optical element.

[0052] The base 1 is a rotating body (it can be a frustum, cylinder, etc.), and its rotation axis is kept at a certain distance from the rotation axis of the machine tool disk 13 of the side polishing machine. The machine tool disk 13 rotates at a certain speed along its own axis. At the same time, the base, support frame, component large surface fixing part and component side fixing part drive the square optical element to rotate at a certain speed along the rotation axis of the base, so that the machine tool disk 13 and the side processing surface of the square optical element maintain relative movement and polish.

[0053] Using the above-described solution, the invention fixes both sides of the optical element to the clamping device via a large-area fixing part and a side-side fixing part. The rotation axis of the clamping device (since the base is a rotating body, and other components are symmetrically arranged on it, the rotation axis of the base is also the rotation axis of the clamping device) is at a certain distance from the rotation axis of the side-side polishing machine. The side-side polishing machine's disc rotates at a certain speed along its own axis, while the clamping device drives the element to rotate at a certain speed along the clamping device's axis. Through the relative movement between the machine tool disc and the side of the optical element, the purpose of side-side polishing of the optical element is achieved. The clamping device, located on both sides of the optical element, ensures that the element does not shift during the side-side polishing process by clamping in the first and second directions. The material removal from the polished end face (processed surface) of the optical element is uniform, improving the repeatability of clamping position accuracy and the quality and efficiency of side-side polishing for optical elements with large aspect ratios.

[0054] Advantageously, the through-type storage area in the middle of the base 1 is a waist-shaped groove, and the sides of the waist-shaped groove form a slope from top to bottom, which facilitates the entry of polishing media between the optical element and the machine tool disk, enabling polishing of the element's sides. In addition, the slope of the waist-shaped groove is conducive to the arrangement of support frames and other structures, which plays a role in avoiding obstacles when clamping the optical element. The size of the waist-shaped groove is larger than the size of the square optical element.

[0055] More advantageously, multiple radial grooves are provided at the bottom of the base 1 for the introduction of polishing media. The radial grooves can be multiple square grooves arranged along the bottom surface of the base 1.

[0056] In one embodiment of the invention, see Appendix Figure 1 and 3 The support frame includes: a support plate 2, which consists of two sets of support plates symmetrically fixed to both sides of the through-type storage area with the rotation axis of the base 1 as the center. The base 1 with opposite fixed positions has a downwardly recessed platform area, which facilitates the fixing of the support plate 2; a back support plate 11, with two back support plates 11 fixed at intervals on the backs of the two sets of support plates 2, forming a frame structure with one side open around the through-type storage area, which facilitates the positioning and fixing of optical components on both sides of the through-type storage area; and a back fixing plate 12, which is installed in the frame structure and can be adjusted perpendicularly to the base 1, which facilitates the verticality adjustment of the back fixing plate and also facilitates the fitting of the optical components with the back fixing plate.

[0057] Advantageously, the base 1 is made of nylon, preventing rapid wear and even scratching of the machine tool chuck 13. The support plate 2 is made of low-density, high-strength metal material, serving as the mounting base for the clamping device, reducing its weight while ensuring its clamping rigidity. The back fixing plate 12 is made of low-density non-metallic material, further reducing the weight of the clamping device.

[0058] The back fixing plate 12 can be made of plexiglass, and the support plate can be made of aluminum alloy 5052.

[0059] In an embodiment of the present invention, see Appendix Figure 1 Each group of the component large surface fixing parts includes: a large surface fixing block guide groove 4, on both sides of the back support plate 11 opposite to the back fixing plate 12; a large surface fixing block 3, the large surface fixing block guide groove 4 accommodating at least part of the large surface fixing block 3, used for moving along the first direction and for fixing the large surface of the square optical component; and a horn screw 22, the large surface fixing block 3 locking the large surface of the square optical component in the first direction by rotating the horn screw 22 located on the back support plate 11.

[0060] In a specific embodiment, the large surface fixing block 3 and the large surface fixing block guide groove 4 are used together, with four of each, for clamping the side of the component. The front and rear position (first direction) of the large surface fixing block 3 can be adjusted by rotating the horn screw 22. The fixing block guide groove 4 can ensure that the large surface fixing block 3 moves back and forth (first direction) along the device.

[0061] Each large surface fixing block 3 has two guide rods at its rear end. The guide rods pass through the through holes on the back support plate 11, which can further ensure that the large surface fixing block 3 can move back and forth (in the first direction) along the device.

[0062] Specifically, the large surface fixing block 3 has a threaded hole at its tail end, which is located between the two guide rods and is threadedly connected to the horn screw 22; a flexible block 5 is fixed to the side of the large surface fixing block 3 near the square optical element, which directly contacts the element to avoid damage to the optical element due to local hard contact.

[0063] In an embodiment of the present invention, see Appendix Figure 1 and 3 Each group of the component side fixing parts includes:

[0064] Side stop 10, the side stop 10 and the large surface fixing block 3 are located on the same side of the square optical element, and are used to clamp the side of the square optical element from the second direction; wherein the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction; fastening rod 7, the side stop 10 is connected to the fastening rod 7 outward, the fastening rod 7 passes through the support plate 2 and is rotatably connected to the support plate 2, the support plate 2 is fixed to the side away from the side stop 10 with a fixing block 9; the fastening rod 7 is connected to the fastening nut 8 along the second direction and away from the fixing block 9; guide rod 6, the guide rod 6 is L-shaped, one end of which is arranged parallel to the fastening rod 7 and rotatably connected to the support plate 2, and the other end of which is perpendicular to the fastening rod 7 and fixedly connected.

[0065] The guide rod 6 and the fastening rod 7 are fixed together and pass through the support plate 2 via sliding bearings. It should be noted that there are two sliding bearings, fixed to the support plate 2, one of which is concentric with the fixing block 9. The fastening rod 7 passes directly through the fastening nut 8 and the fixing block 9, and its end connects to the side stop block 10 for side clamping of the optical element.

[0066] The fastening rod 7 has a boss at its front end, which is located inside the fastening nut 8. The boss is connected to the threaded part of the fixing block 9 via the thread inside the fastening nut 8. Rotating the fastening nut 8 presses the boss between the fastening nut 8 and the fixing block 9, ensuring a secure side clamping of the boss component. It should be further noted that the guide rod 6 ensures that the side stop 10 can only move left and right (second direction) along the device with the fastening rod 7, for side clamping of the component.

[0067] In an embodiment of the present invention, the back fixing plate 12 is connected to the back support plate 11 by a plurality of position adjustment screws 20; the disassembly screw 21 passes through the back support plate 11 and the back fixing plate 12, and is used to push the polished square optical element away from the back fixing plate 12.

[0068] The back fixing plate 12 is fixed to the back support plate 11 by posture adjustment screws 20. It should be noted that in a specific embodiment, there are four posture adjustment screws 20. Adjusting the posture adjustment screws 20 can adjust the perpendicularity between the back fixing plate 12 and the lower surface of the base 1. The disassembly screw 21 is threadedly connected to the back support plate 11 and passes directly through the back fixing plate 12. Rotating the disassembly screw 21 can move the optical element away from the back fixing plate 12.

[0069] In other embodiments of the present invention, a component pad 18 is also included. The bottom surface of the component pad 18 is a plane, the top surface is a wedge-shaped surface, and the material is the same as that of the square optical element. It is used to cooperate with and position the wedge-shaped aspherical optical element 19.

[0070] The present invention also provides a clamping method using the above-mentioned large-aperture square optical element side polishing clamping device, see appendix. Figure 6 It includes the following steps:

[0071] S1. Adjusting the verticality of the support frame and the base; Place the clamping device on a plane with a flatness of less than or equal to 0.01 mm, and adjust the position adjustment screw 20 so that the verticality of the back fixing plate 12 is less than or equal to 1'.

[0072] S2. Place the large-diameter square optical element polishing device on the machine tool tray; if the optical element is a flat / slanted optical element 17, directly attach the right-angled surface of the optical element to the back fixing plate 12, such as Figure 4 As shown; if the optical element is a wedge-shaped aspherical element 19, first attach and fix the wedge surface of the wedge-shaped aspherical element 19 to the wedge surface of the element pad 18, and then attach the right-angled surface of the element pad 18 to the back fixing plate 12, as shown. Figure 5 As shown. The component pad 18 is made of the same material as the optical component. During the side polishing process, the component pad 18 and the optical component have the same removal efficiency, ensuring the uniformity of the component side polishing.

[0073] S3. Clamp the square optical element from both sides in the first and second directions. The large surface fixing part of the element clamps the large surface of the square optical element from the first direction, and the side fixing part of the element clamps the side of the square optical element from the second direction, while keeping the square optical element horizontal with the machine tool tray. Specifically, keep the optical element in close contact with the back fixing plate 12, rotate the four horn screws 22 to make the flexible block 5 press the large surface of the element, rotate the fastening nut 8 to make the side stop block 10 press the two sides of the element, and keep the bottom surface of the element horizontal with the machine tool tray 13 throughout the adjustment process.

[0074] S4. Component side polishing: The machine tool disk rotates along its own axis, and the large-aperture square optical component side polishing device rotates under the action of the drive mechanism, so that the large-aperture square optical component side polishing device and the machine tool disk undergo planetary relative motion, thereby realizing the side polishing of the square optical component.

[0075] Specifically, the clamping device is pushed to the side polishing position, so that the outer circular surface of the base 1 of the clamping device contacts the driven wheel 14 and the driving wheel 15 of the machine tool. During side polishing, the machine tool disc 13 rotates along its own axis, and the driving wheel 15 rotates along its own axis. The rotation of the driving wheel 15 drives the device to rotate along its own axis, and the rotation of the clamping device drives the driven wheel 14 to rotate, so that the clamping device and the machine tool disc 13 undergo planetary relative motion, thereby achieving side polishing of the component. It is worth noting that the driven wheel 14 and the driving wheel 15 are fixed on the support member 16, and the support member 16 is concentric with the base 1 of the device.

[0076] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. In addition, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification.

[0077] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A side polishing and clamping device for large-aperture square optical elements, characterized in that, include: The base (1) has its bottom in contact with the machine tool disk (13), and the base (1) has a through storage area for placing square optical elements and polishing media inside; A support frame is provided on the base (1) near the through storage area, and the support frame is arranged perpendicularly to the base (1); The component large surface fixing part is provided with at least two sets of component large surface fixing parts that can move along the first direction and are used to fix the large surface of the square optical component on both sides of the support frame. The support frame has two sets of component side fixing parts that are staggered from the component large surface fixing parts and symmetrically arranged on both sides, for moving along the second direction and fixing the side of the square optical element; each set of component large surface fixing parts and the corresponding set of component side fixing parts are located on the same side of the square optical element. The base (1) is a rotating body, and its rotation axis is kept at a certain distance from the rotation axis of the machine tool disk (13) of the side polishing machine. The machine tool disk (13) rotates along its own axis at a certain speed. At the same time, the base, support frame, component large surface fixing part and component side fixing part drive the square optical element to rotate along the rotation axis of the base at a certain speed, so that the machine tool disk (13) and the side processing surface of the square optical element maintain relative movement and polish. The support frame includes: a support plate (2), which consists of two sets of support plates (2) symmetrically fixed on both sides of the through-type storage area with the rotation axis of the base (1) as the center; a back support plate (11), which consists of two sets of support plates (2) with their backs parallel and spaced apart, forming a frame structure with one side open around the through-type storage area; and a back fixing plate (12), which is installed in the frame structure and is adjustable in perpendicularity to the base (1). The back fixing plate (12) is connected to the back support plate (11) by a plurality of pose adjustment screws (20); the disassembly screw (21) passes through the back support plate (11) and the back fixing plate (12) and is used to push the polished square optical element away from the back fixing plate (12); Each set of the component large surface fixing parts includes: a large surface fixing block guide groove (4), the back support plate (11) is provided with large surface fixing block guide groove (4) on both sides opposite to the back fixing plate (12); a large surface fixing block (3), the large surface fixing block guide groove (4) contains at least part of the large surface fixing block (3), for moving along the first direction and for fixing the large surface of the square optical component; a horn screw (22), the large surface fixing block (3) locks the large surface of the square optical component in the first direction by rotating the horn screw (22) located on the back support plate (11); Each set of the component side fixing parts includes: a side stop (10), the side stop (10) and the large surface fixing block (3) are located on the same side of the square optical element, and are used to clamp the side of the square optical element from the second direction; wherein the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction; a fastening rod (7), the fastening rod (7) is connected to the side stop (10) outward, the fastening rod (7) passes through the support plate (2) and is rotatably connected to the support plate (2), the support plate (2) is fixed with a fixing block (9) on the side away from the side stop (10); the fastening rod (7) is connected with a fastening nut (8) along the second direction and away from the fixing block (9); a guide rod (6), the guide rod (6) is L-shaped, one end of which is arranged parallel to the fastening rod (7) and rotatably connected to the support plate (2), and the other end of which is perpendicular to the fastening rod (7) and fixedly connected; The component pad (18) has a flat bottom surface and a wedge-shaped top surface, and is made of the same material as the square optical element. It is used to cooperate with and position the wedge-shaped aspherical optical element (19).

2. The side polishing clamping device for large-aperture square optical elements according to claim 1, characterized in that, The base (1) is made of nylon.

3. The side polishing clamping device for large-aperture square optical elements according to claim 1, characterized in that, The large surface fixing block (3) has a threaded hole at its tail end, and the threaded hole is threadedly connected to the ram's horn screw (22); a flexible block (5) is fixed to the side of the large surface fixing block (3) near the square optical element.

4. A clamping method using the side polishing clamping device for large-aperture square optical elements as described in any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Adjustment of the verticality between the support frame and the base; S2. Place the large-aperture square optical element polishing device on the machine tool tray; S3. Clamp the square optical element from both sides in the first and second directions. Clamp the large surface of the square optical element from the first direction with the fixing part of the large surface of the element, and clamp the side surface of the square optical element from the second direction with the fixing part of the side surface of the element, while keeping the square optical element horizontal with the machine tool plate. S4. Component side polishing: The machine tool disk rotates along its own axis, and the large-aperture square optical component side polishing device rotates under the action of the drive mechanism, so that the large-aperture square optical component side polishing device and the machine tool disk undergo planetary relative motion, thereby realizing the side polishing of the square optical component.

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