A synchronous mechanical hole-forming method for rectangular anti-slide piles with horizontal cantilever

Abstract

The application discloses a synchronous mechanical hole-forming method for rectangular anti-slide piles with horizontal cantilever, which comprises the following steps: sequentially arranging a slag processing mechanism, a sliding horizontal drilling assembly and a vertical drilling device from top to bottom on a drilling machine, arranging the sliding horizontal drilling assembly on the top of the vertical drilling device and moving the sliding horizontal drilling assembly up and down along the vertical direction; controlling a cylindrical drilling assembly on the vertical drilling device to drill downward into the stratum until the design depth of a horizontal cantilever pile hole, thereby forming a free section of the rectangular pile hole; after the sliding horizontal drilling assembly reaches the bottom design elevation of the horizontal cantilever pile hole, controlling a horizontal hydraulic cylinder to drive the cylindrical drilling assembly on the horizontal drilling device to drill outward into the horizontal cantilever pile hole; meanwhile, the cylindrical drilling assembly on the vertical drilling device is continuously controlled to drill downward into the stratum; after the horizontal cantilever pile hole is drilled and the horizontal drilling device is retracted, the sliding horizontal drilling assembly moves downward under its own weight and contacts the vertical drilling device; the cylindrical drilling assembly on the vertical drilling device is continuously controlled to drill downward into the stratum until the design depth of the rectangular pile hole.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of anti-slide pile drilling equipment, specifically relating to a mechanical drilling method for rectangular anti-slide piles with horizontal cantilever, using synchronous drilling. Background Technology

[0002] In engineering projects such as slope protection, roadbed construction, foundation pit excavation, and tunnel entrance / exit construction, anti-slide piles are the most effective measure to transfer the lateral thrust of the soil and rock mass to the stable strata below the sliding surface, resisting lateral thrust and mitigating engineering and geological hazards. Anti-slide piles are divided into rectangular cross-section anti-slide piles and circular cross-section anti-slide piles. Rectangular anti-slide piles have advantages such as high lateral stiffness and high single pile bearing capacity, effectively enhancing anti-slide force and increasing the anti-slide coefficient. Therefore, rectangular cross-section anti-slide piles are widely used in various engineering fields.

[0003] Traditional rectangular cross-section anti-slide piles have large cross-sections and cannot fully utilize the strength of the soil and rock in front of the pile. For anti-slide piles with horizontal cantilever structures, the horizontal cantilever can fully utilize the strength of the soil and rock in front of the pile, improving the anti-slide capacity of the pile. However, drilling the horizontal cantilever pile holes for rectangular anti-slide piles with horizontal cantilever structures is extremely difficult. Traditional rectangular cross-section anti-slide piles are usually excavated manually or mechanically. Collapses caused by manual excavation account for 65% of all collapse accidents, and it is inefficient and costly. Mechanical excavation is safer and more efficient. Therefore, using mechanical drilling to excavate pile holes for rectangular anti-slide piles with horizontal cantilever structures within soil and rock layers is of great significance for ensuring the safety of construction personnel and improving efficiency.

[0004] Currently, there are various rectangular drilling rigs and excavation methods, such as:

[0005] Patent No. CN 106836354 A, "Mechanical Hole Forming Device for Rectangular Anti-slide Piles", uses multiple cutting blades to form a rectangular shovel head. The rear end of the shovel head is equipped with a counterweight or hydraulic propulsion device to realize the drilling of rectangular pile holes.

[0006] Patent No. CN 103244053 A "Rectangular Drilling Machine" mainly uses two cam bodies to drive two T-shaped cutter heads evenly distributed at the bottom of two steel frames to move towards each other and back and forth, cutting the soil into rectangular holes.

[0007] Patent No. CN 104533300 A, "Rectangular Drilling Machine", has a conical drill bit at the bottom of a rectangular transmission box and cross-shaped long cutters on the four sides. The conical drill bit drills in to form a circular pile hole, and then the cross-shaped long cutters rotate and cut to shape it into a rectangular pile hole.

[0008] The patent number CN 207715083 U, "A Rectangular Anti-slide Pile Drilling Rig", mainly involves setting a circular drill cylinder and a rectangular drill cylinder at the bottom of the drill rod. The circular drill cylinder is screwed in to form a circular pile hole, and then the rectangular drill cylinder cuts the soil around the circular pile hole to form a rectangular pile hole.

[0009] Patent No. CN 105951798 A, "A Rectangular Drilling Machine", mainly uses a motor to drive four concave cylindrical parts with agitators to cut the soil and drill rectangular pile holes.

[0010] Existing drilling machines mainly form vertical rectangular pile holes in soil and rock, but they have the following problems: (1) They cannot drill rectangular anti-slide pile holes with horizontal cantilever structures in soil, nor can they drill in rock (gravel, pebble, hard rock and other strata); (2) They cannot drill rectangular pile holes with horizontal cantilever structures and vertical pile bodies in rock at the same time; (3) They use other machinery (grab bucket) or auxiliary measures (slurry positive circulation slag removal method) to clean the slag in the pile hole. The integration of drilling and slag removal equipment is low, and the drilling construction efficiency is low and the cost is high. Summary of the Invention

[0011] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of the prior art by providing a mechanical drilling method for rectangular anti-slide piles with horizontal cantilever, using synchronous drilling. This method involves sequentially assembling a slag handling mechanism, a sliding horizontal drilling assembly, and a vertical drilling device on a drilling rig from top to bottom to simultaneously drill the pile holes for rectangular anti-slide piles with horizontal cantilever. Specifically, the vertical drilling device excavates the vertical rectangular pile hole using cylindrical drilling assemblies arranged in a matrix. After the vertical rectangular pile hole is excavated to the designed depth of the horizontal cantilever, the sliding horizontal drilling assembly, driven by a horizontal hydraulic cylinder, drills the horizontal cantilever pile hole while the vertical drilling device continues drilling the vertical pile hole. After the horizontal cantilever pile hole is completed, the sliding horizontal drilling assembly retracts, and finally, the vertical drilling device continues to excavate the rectangular pile hole to the designed depth.

[0012] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0013] A synchronous drilling method for rectangular anti-slide piles with horizontal cantilever, characterized in that the mechanical drilling method includes the following steps:

[0014] S1: A slag handling mechanism, a sliding horizontal drilling assembly, and a vertical drilling device are sequentially installed on the drilling rig from top to bottom. The sliding horizontal drilling assembly is located at the top of the vertical drilling device and can move up and down in the vertical direction; wherein:

[0015] The sliding horizontal drill assembly includes a horizontal drill device, a horizontal hydraulic cylinder, and a horizontal drill reaction frame. The horizontal hydraulic cylinder is fixed on the horizontal drill reaction frame and drives the horizontal drill device to move laterally. The horizontal drill device includes several horizontally arranged cylindrical drill assemblies that form a rectangular excavation face vertically.

[0016] The vertical drilling device includes a U-shaped fork plate and several cylindrical drill assemblies mounted on the U-shaped fork plate and forming a rectangular excavation face in the horizontal direction.

[0017] S2: Put the piston rod of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder into the standby state with the minimum stroke, and control the cylindrical drill assembly on the vertical drilling device to drill downward into the strata until the designed depth of the horizontal cantilever pile hole, so as to form the free section of the rectangular pile hole.

[0018] S3: After the sliding horizontal drilling assembly reaches the bottom design elevation of the horizontal cantilever pile hole, control the horizontal hydraulic cylinder to drive the cylindrical drilling assembly on the horizontal drilling device to drill outwards into the horizontal cantilever pile hole until the design length of the horizontal cantilever pile hole is reached; at the same time, continue to control the cylindrical drilling assembly on the vertical drilling device to drill downwards into the strata.

[0019] S4: The piston rod of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder is retracted to its minimum stroke and stopped working. The cylindrical drill assembly on the horizontal drilling device is shut down. The sliding horizontal drill assembly moves downward under its own weight and contacts the vertical drilling device. The cylindrical drill assembly on the vertical drilling device is controlled to drill downward to the design depth of the rectangular pile hole to form the embedded section of the rectangular pile hole.

[0020] In step S1, the connection method between the drilling rig and the drilling vehicle located on the ground is selected according to the design depth of the rectangular pile hole. The connection method is either a vertical drill rod connection or a cable connection.

[0021] If the design depth of the rectangular pile hole is within the length range of the vertical drill rod, then the vertical drill rod is installed on the drilling rig, and the lower end of the vertical drill rod is connected to the drilling machine;

[0022] If the designed depth of the rectangular pile hole exceeds the length of the vertical drill rod, then the cable is installed on the drilling rig and the lower end of the cable is used to hoist the drilling machine.

[0023] The drilling rig includes a vehicle-mounted platform, a steel column, a tie rod, a hinge shaft, a guide rail, a slider, and a steel cantilever beam. The steel column is vertically mounted on the vehicle-mounted platform. The upper end of the tie rod is hinged to the upper end of the steel column, and the lower end is hinged to the hinge shaft fixed on the vehicle-mounted platform. The guide rail is vertically mounted and fixed along the steel column. The slider is slidably mounted on the guide rail, and the steel cantilever beam is fixed on the slider.

[0024] When the drilling rig and the drilling machine are connected by the vertical drill rod, a rotary motor is installed on the steel suspension beam and drives the vertical drill rod to rotate.

[0025] When the drilling rig and the drilling vehicle are connected by the cable, a set of winch motors are fixedly installed on the steel suspension beam to drive the cable to suspend the drilling rig in the vertical direction, and a cable support is fixedly installed below the steel suspension beam.

[0026] In step S1, the stratum drilled by the drilling rig is a soil stratum;

[0027] The slag treatment mechanism includes a mixing device, a crushing device, a slag suction system, a slag discharge system, and a grouting system;

[0028] The mixing device includes a mixing tank and a mixing mechanism; the mixing tank is provided with a slag suction port, a slag discharge port, and a slurry inlet; the mixing mechanism includes a main gear and several auxiliary gears meshing with the main gear, the main gear being driven by the lower end of the vertical drill rod or by a mixing motor, a main mixing shaft extending into the mixing tank is coaxially mounted on the main gear, and mixing blades are mounted on the main mixing shaft; an auxiliary mixing shaft extending into the mixing tank is coaxially mounted on the auxiliary gear, and mixing blades are mounted on the auxiliary mixing shaft.

[0029] The slag suction system includes a main slag suction pipe and vertical and horizontal slag suction branches branching from the suction port of the main slag suction pipe; the slag suction port of the mixing tank is connected to the main slag suction pipe, and the crushing device is provided between the main slag suction pipe and the suction port; the crushing device includes a blower for suction and a crushing blade for crushing sludge; the suction head of the vertical slag suction branch is connected to the vertical drilling device, and the suction head of the horizontal slag suction branch is connected to the sliding horizontal drilling assembly; a slag suction valve is provided at each suction head; the pipe bodies of both the horizontal and vertical slag suction branch are telescopic pipes.

[0030] The grouting system includes a grouting main pipe and a grouting pump installed on the grouting main pipe. One port of the grouting main pipe is connected to the grout inlet on the mixing tank to pump the mud into the mixing tank.

[0031] The slag discharge system includes a slag discharge pipe and a slag discharge pump installed on the slag discharge pipe. One end of the slag discharge pipe is connected to the slag discharge port on the mixing tank to pump the mud and slag in the mixing tank to the ground for collection.

[0032] The U-shaped fork plate of the vertical drilling device consists of a web plate, wing plates disposed on both sides of the bottom surface of the web plate, and a steel support disposed in the middle of the bottom surface of the web plate; the cylindrical drill assembly of the vertical drilling device includes two cylindrical drills and a motor for driving the cylindrical drills to rotate. The cylindrical drill consists of a cylinder and a plurality of agitator assemblies evenly distributed on the surface of the cylinder. The rotating shaft of the motor passes through the cylinder on both sides, and the end of the rotating shaft is correspondingly disposed in the rotating shaft hole of the wing plate on both sides of the U-shaped fork plate. The outer shell of the motor is welded and fixed to the steel support.

[0033] The horizontal drilling reaction frame of the sliding horizontal drilling assembly includes a reaction plate, an upper side plate, a lower side plate, and a hydraulic side guard plate. The upper side plate and the lower side plate are respectively located on the upper and lower parts of the reaction plate. The hydraulic side guard plates are respectively located on both sides of the reaction plate. The horizontal drilling device is located between the upper side plate and the lower side plate. The horizontal hydraulic cylinder is located in the space formed by the upper side plate, the lower side plate, the hydraulic side guard plate, and the reaction plate. The cylinder end face of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder is fixed on the reaction plate. The piston rod of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder is connected to the horizontal drilling device. Vertical guide grooves for installing vertical guide plates are provided on both the upper side plate and the lower side plate. The vertical guide plates pass through the vertical guide grooves on the upper side plate and the lower side plate, and both ends of the vertical guide plates are respectively connected to the mixing tank and the vertical drilling device. A rigid enclosure is installed circumferentially along the bottom surface of the lower side plate, and a rubber pad is provided on the rigid enclosure.

[0034] In steps S2 and S4, during the vertical drilling process of the vertical drilling device, the suction valve at the suction head of the horizontal suction pipe is closed, and the suction valve at the suction head of the vertical suction pipe is opened to draw the crushed mud from the vertical drilling device into the crushing device. The crushing device further crushes the drawn mud and sends it into the mixing tank for mixing. Meanwhile, the grouting system pumps slurry into the mixing tank in real time to mix with the mud. The slag discharge system pumps the mixture of mud and slurry from the mixing tank to the ground for collection and treatment in real time.

[0035] In step S3, during the process of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder driving the horizontal drilling device to move horizontally outward to drill the horizontal cantilever pile hole, the slag suction valve at the suction head of the horizontal slag suction branch pipe is opened to suck the mud and slag crushed by the horizontal drilling device into the crushing device. The crushing device crushes the sucked mud and slag a second time and sends it into the mixing tank for mixing. Meanwhile, the grouting system pumps mud slurry into the mixing tank in real time to mix with the mud and slag. The slag discharge system pumps the mud and slag mixture in the mixing tank to the ground for collection and treatment in real time.

[0036] In step S1, the strata drilled by the drilling rig are rock strata;

[0037] The slag treatment mechanism includes a mixing device, a crushing device, a slag suction system, a slag discharge system, and a grouting system;

[0038] The mixing device includes a mixing tank and a mixing mechanism disposed on the mixing tank; a slag suction port disposed on the mixing tank is connected to the slag suction system, and a slag discharge port disposed on the mixing tank is connected to the slag discharge system; the grouting system is connected to the sliding horizontal drill assembly and the vertical drill device; the mixing mechanism includes a main gear and several auxiliary gears meshing with the main gear; the main gear is driven to rotate by a mixing motor or by the lower end of the vertical drill rod; a mixing main rotating shaft extending into the mixing tank is coaxially disposed on the main gear, and mixing blades are disposed on the mixing main rotating shaft; a mixing auxiliary rotating shaft extending into the mixing tank is coaxially disposed on the auxiliary gear, and mixing blades are disposed on the mixing auxiliary rotating shaft;

[0039] The slag suction system includes a slag suction main pipe. A crushing device is provided between the slag suction main pipe and the slag suction port of the mixing tank. The crushing device includes a blower for suction and a crushing blade for crushing sludge. The suction port of the slag suction main pipe branches into a vertical slag suction branch pipe and a horizontal slag suction branch pipe. The suction head of the vertical slag suction branch pipe is connected to the vertical drilling device, and the suction head of the horizontal slag suction branch pipe is connected to the sliding horizontal drilling assembly. A slag suction valve is provided at each suction head. The pipe bodies of the horizontal slag suction branch pipe and the vertical slag suction branch pipe are telescopic pipes.

[0040] The slag discharge system includes a slag discharge pipe and a slag discharge pump installed on the slag discharge pipe. The lower end of the slag discharge pipe is connected to the slag discharge port on the mixing tank.

[0041] The grouting system includes a main grouting pipe and a grouting pump mounted on the main grouting pipe. The lower end of the main grouting pipe branches into a vertical grouting branch pipe and a horizontal grouting branch pipe. The nozzle of the vertical grouting branch pipe extends into the vertical drilling device and is located near the cylindrical drill assembly on the vertical drilling device. The nozzle of the horizontal grouting branch pipe extends into the sliding horizontal drill assembly and is located near the cylindrical drill assembly on the horizontal drilling device. Each nozzle is equipped with a grouting valve. Both the pipe body of the vertical grouting branch pipe and the pipe body of the horizontal grouting branch pipe are telescopic pipes.

[0042] The U-shaped fork plate of the vertical drilling device consists of a web plate, wing plates disposed on both sides of the bottom surface of the web plate, and a steel support disposed in the middle of the bottom surface of the web plate; the cylindrical drilling assembly of the vertical drilling device includes two cylinders, a motor driving the cylinders to rotate, a plurality of roller cutter assemblies spaced apart on the surface of the cylinders, and a plurality of reamer assemblies disposed between adjacent roller cutter assemblies. The roller cutter assembly includes a roller cutter base and a ring of roller cutters fixed on the roller cutter base. The reamer assembly includes a reamer base and a reamer cutter fixed at an incline on the reamer base. The rotating shaft of the motor passes through the cylinders on both sides, and the end of the rotating shaft is correspondingly disposed in the rotating shaft hole of the wing plates on both sides of the U-shaped fork plate. The outer shell of the motor is welded and fixed to the steel support.

[0043] The horizontal drilling reaction frame of the sliding horizontal drilling assembly includes a reaction plate, an upper side plate, a lower side plate, and a hydraulic side guard plate. The upper side plate and the lower side plate are respectively located on the upper and lower parts of the reaction plate. The hydraulic side guard plates are respectively located on both sides of the reaction plate. The horizontal drilling device is located between the upper side plate and the lower side plate. The horizontal hydraulic cylinder is located in the space formed by the upper side plate, the lower side plate, the hydraulic side guard plate, and the reaction plate. The cylinder end face of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder is fixed on the reaction plate. The piston rod of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder is connected to the horizontal drilling device. Vertical guide grooves for installing vertical guide plates are provided on both the upper side plate and the lower side plate. The vertical guide plates pass through the vertical guide grooves on the upper side plate and the lower side plate, and both ends of the vertical guide plates are respectively connected to the mixing tank and the vertical drilling device. A rigid enclosure is installed circumferentially along the bottom surface of the lower side plate, and a rubber pad is provided on the rigid enclosure.

[0044] In steps S2 and S4, during the vertical drilling process of the vertical drilling device, the suction valve at the suction head of the horizontal suction pipe and the grouting valve at the nozzle of the horizontal grouting pipe are closed, while the grouting valve at the nozzle of the vertical grouting pipe is opened to continuously inject mud into the rock surface at the drilling site. Simultaneously, the suction valve at the suction head of the vertical suction pipe is opened to draw the mixture of crushed rock and mud from the vertical drilling device into the crushing device. The crushing device further crushes the drawn-in rock and mud mixture and then sends it to the mixing tank for mixing. The slag discharge system continuously pumps the rock and mud mixture from the mixing tank to the ground for collection and treatment.

[0045] In step S3, during the process of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder driving the horizontal drilling device to move horizontally outward to drill the horizontal cantilever pile hole, the grouting valve at the nozzle of the horizontal grouting branch pipe is opened to continuously inject mud into the rock surface at the drilling site of the horizontal drilling device. At the same time, the suction valve at the suction head of the horizontal suction branch pipe is opened to suck the mixture of rock fragments and mud crushed by the horizontal drilling device into the crushing device. The crushing device further crushes the sucked rock fragments and mud mixture and sends it into the mixing tank for mixing. The slag discharge system pumps the mixture of rock fragments and mud from the mixing tank to the ground for collection and treatment in real time.

[0046] The advantages of this invention are:

[0047] (1) Based on the required depth of the drilled pile hole, drill rods or cables can be selected to achieve the hoisting connection of the drilling rig; a horizontally telescopic sliding horizontal drilling assembly is combined on the vertical drilling device to realize the drilling of rectangular anti-slide pile holes with horizontal cantilever structures in soil or rock strata.

[0048] (2) Simultaneous drilling of horizontal cantilever and embedded section pile holes can improve construction efficiency;

[0049] (3) Both horizontal cantilever and vertical pile body can be drilled in one go without other mechanical assistance, so as to improve construction efficiency and save construction and equipment costs;

[0050] (4) For soil strata, the construction environment is improved and the cost of mud is saved by vacuum suction and mud discharge. For rock strata, mud is injected into the drilling interface to mix with rock blocks to achieve suction. The slag is crushed twice by the crushing box, which can better discharge the pile hole and prevent the slag discharge pipe from being blocked.

[0051] (5) It has both drilling and slag removal functions, and the drilling rig has a high degree of integration, realizing the uninterrupted synchronous operation of drilling and slag removal, reducing construction procedures, saving construction costs, and improving drilling efficiency.

[0052] (6) A cylindrical drill assembly with spaced cutters and roller cutters can be used to drill rectangular pile holes with horizontal cantilever in rock formations. Attached Figure Description

[0053] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the positions of various cross-sections in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 3 This is a partial schematic diagram of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 2 AA section view in the middle;

[0057] Figure 5 This is a front view of the vertical drilling device in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 BB section view in the middle;

[0059] Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 2 CC section view in the middle;

[0060] Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 2 DD section view in the middle;

[0061] Figure 9 For the present invention Figure 2 EE section view;

[0062] Figure 10 For the present invention Figure 2 FF section view;

[0063] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the sliding horizontal drill assembly according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0064] Figure 12 For the present invention Figure 11 Cross-sectional view of GG in China;

[0065] Figure 13 for Figure 2 Cross-sectional view of HH section;

[0066] Figure 14 for Figure 2 Section II;

[0067] Figure 15 for Figure 2 Cross-sectional view of JJ;

[0068] Figure 16 for Figure 2 Cross-sectional view of KK in China;

[0069] Figure 17 for Figure 2 Middle LL section view;

[0070] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of the construction steps of the synchronous rectangular deep hole drilling rig with horizontal cantilever adapted to rock formations in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0071] Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0072] Figure 20This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0073] Figure 21 This is a schematic diagram of the cylindrical drill assembly in Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0074] Figure 22 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 4 of the present invention;

[0075] like Figure 1-22 The markings in the diagram are as follows:

[0076] 1. Vertical drilling device; 2. Sliding horizontal drilling assembly; 3. Mixing device; 4. Crushing device; 5. Slag suction system; 6. Pipe fixing frame; 7. Slag discharge system; 8. Grouting system; 9. Drilling rig;

[0077] 11. Cylindrical drill assembly, 111. Cylindrical, 112. Auger assembly, 113. Roller assembly, 114. Motor, 115. Motor shaft, 116. Stirring assembly, 1121. Auger base, 1122. Auger, 1131. Roller base, 1132. Roller, 12. U-shaped fork plate, 121. Wing plate, 122. Web plate, 123. Steel support, 124. Shaft hole, 125. Vertical slag suction branch pipe through hole, 126. Vertical grouting branch pipe through hole;

[0078] 21. Horizontal drilling device; 211. Horizontal slag suction branch pipe through hole; 212. Horizontal grouting branch pipe through hole; 22. Horizontal hydraulic cylinder; 23. Horizontal drilling reaction frame; 231. Hydraulic side guard plate; 232. Upper side plate; 233. Lower side plate; 234. Reaction plate; 235. Slag suction main pipe through hole; 236. Grouting main pipe through hole; 237. Vertical guide groove; 238. Rigid enclosure; 239. Rubber pad; 2310. Vertical guide plate;

[0079] 31. Mixing tank; 32. Double-layer large blades; 33. Main mixing shaft; 34. Double-layer small blades; 35. Auxiliary mixing shaft; 36. Single-layer small blades; 37. Main gear; 38. Main gear isolation pad; 39. Auxiliary gear; 310. Auxiliary gear isolation pad; 311. Steel cover plate; 312. Mixing motor; 313. Drill rod;

[0080] 41. Crushing box; 42. Middle partition; 43. Connecting pipe; 44. Frame; 45. Fan motor; 46. Fan blades; 47. Crushing blade; 48. Filter screen;

[0081] 51. Main suction pipe, 52. Vertical suction branch pipe, 53. Horizontal suction branch pipe, 54. Telescopic pipe, 55. Suction head, 56. Vertical suction valve, 57. Horizontal suction valve;

[0082] 61. Top steel plate, 62. Middle steel plate, 63. Bottom steel plate, 64. Side upright plate, 65. Square through hole, 66. Slag discharge pipe fixing hole, 67. Grouting pipe fixing hole;

[0083] 71. Slag discharge pipe; 72. Slag discharge pump;

[0084] 81. Grouting main pipe, 82. Grouting pump, 83. Vertical grouting branch pipe, 84. Horizontal grouting branch pipe, 85. Nozzle, 86. Vertical grouting valve, 87. Horizontal grouting valve;

[0085] 91. Winch motor; 92. Fixed shaft; 93. Cable; 94. Cable support; 95. Steel cantilever beam; 96. Slider; 97. Steel column; 98. Guide rail; 99. Hinge shaft; 910. Tie rod; 911. Vehicle platform; 912. Rotary motor;

[0086] a. Rock strata, b. Drilling rig, c. Free section pile hole, d. Horizontal cantilever pile hole, e. Embedded section pile hole. Implementation

[0087] The features and other related features of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, so as to facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art:

[0088] Example 1: As Figure 1-18 As shown, this embodiment specifically relates to a synchronous drilling method for rectangular anti-slide piles with horizontal cantilever. This embodiment takes rock stratum a and rectangular deep-hole anti-slide piles as examples for illustration, and specifically includes the following steps:

[0089] (S1) Drilling rig 9 and drilling machine b are installed on the ground of the construction site. The drilling machine is hoisted by the lower end of the cable 93 on the drilling rig 9. The drilling machine b includes, from top to bottom, a pipe fixing frame 6, a slag handling mechanism, a sliding horizontal drilling assembly 2 and a vertical drilling device 1. The slag handling mechanism includes a mixing device 3, a crushing device 4, a slag suction system 5, a slag discharge system 7 and a grouting system 8.

[0090] like Figure 1As shown, the drilling rig 9 includes a vehicle-mounted platform 911, a steel column 97, a tie rod 910, a hinge shaft 99, a guide rail 98, a slider 96, a steel cantilever beam 95, a cable support 94, a winch motor 91, a fixed shaft 92, and a cable 93. The vehicle-mounted platform 911 has tracked wheels and is located on the ground. The steel column 97 is vertically mounted at the front end of the vehicle-mounted platform 911. The tie rod 910 provides diagonal bracing reinforcement to the steel column 97. Specifically, the upper end of the tie rod 910 is hinged to the upper end of the steel column 97, and the lower end... The system is hinged to the hinge shaft 99 of the vehicle platform 911; the guide rail 98 is fixedly attached to the steel column 97 to form a vertical track; the slider 96 is slidably mounted on the guide rail 98 and can slide vertically under the drive of the power mechanism; the steel cantilever beam 95 is fixed to the slider 96; the cable bracket 94 is fixed to the bottom surface of the steel cantilever beam 95; the winch motor 91 is fixed to the steel cantilever beam 95 via the fixed shaft 92; the winch motor 91 is used to drive the cable 93 and the drilling rig suspended at its lower end to perform lifting and lowering movements. It should be noted that, due to the large weight of the drilling rig, it can move downwards under its own weight, eliminating the need for the drill rod to press down as before; and the cable 93 has sufficient length to meet the drilling requirements for rectangular deep holes.

[0091] like Figure 1-9 As shown, the vertical drilling device 1 can be used for drilling rectangular deep holes. The vertical drilling device 1 mainly includes several cylindrical drill assemblies 11 and a U-shaped fork plate 12 for serving as a mounting frame. The U-shaped fork plate 12 mainly includes a web plate 122 and wing plates 121 located on both sides of the web plate 122. Based on the number of cylindrical drill assemblies 11, a steel support 123 is vertically welded at the middle position of the web plate 122. Each set of cylindrical drill assemblies 11 consists of two cylindrical drills, a motor 114, and a motor shaft 115. In this embodiment, the vertical drilling device 1 has four cylindrical drills, which are arranged in a matrix to form a rectangular cutting surface, forming a rectangular pile hole during its downward cutting process. The cylindrical drill includes a cylinder 111, a plurality of hobbing cutter assemblies 113 spaced apart on the surface of the cylinder 111, and a plurality of reamer assemblies 112 spaced apart between adjacent hobbing cutter assemblies 113 on the surface of the cylinder 111. A centrally located steel support 123 is welded or bolted to the housing of a motor 114. The motor shaft 115 of the motor 114 drives the cylinders 111 on both sides to rotate, and the end of the motor shaft 115 is supported in the shaft holes 124 of the side flanges 121. Figure 1-7As shown, the height of the roller cutter assembly 113 protruding from the cylinder 111 is higher than that of the auger assembly 112. Therefore, when cutting the rock, the roller cutter 1132 on the roller cutter assembly 113 contacts the rock first. That is, the roller cutter assembly 113 first crushes the rock surface into several large rock blocks, and then the auger assembly 112 further cuts the large rock blocks on the excavation surface into small-diameter rock blocks (or rock debris). The roller cutter assembly 113 includes a roller cutter base 1131 and a ring of roller cutters 1132 fixed on the roller cutter base 1131. The auger assembly 112 includes an auger base 1121 and an auger 1122. The auger 1122 is installed at an angle under the fixation of the auger base 1121 to facilitate the excavation of rock strata. For rock masses, if the roller cutter 1132 directly crushes the rock mass at the excavation face or the auger 1122 directly excavates it, the strength, hardness, and wear resistance of the roller cutter and auger materials need to meet high requirements. This not only increases the difficulty of developing the roller cutter and auger materials but also increases construction costs. By combining the roller cutter 1132 and the auger 1122, the roller cutter 1132 only crushes the rock mass at the excavation face, reducing its strength. This makes it easier for the auger 1122 to cut the rock mass, thus reducing the requirements for the strength, hardness, and wear resistance of the roller cutter and auger materials, and also reducing wear on the cutter and auger. Therefore, the method of first crushing the rock mass at the excavation face with the roller cutter 1132, followed by cutting the crushed low-strength rock mass with the auger 1122, not only improves work efficiency but also reduces tool wear and lowers construction costs. In addition, the web plate 122 is provided with a vertical slag suction branch pipe through hole 125 and a vertical grouting branch pipe through hole 126, which are used to fix the vertical slag suction branch pipe 52 of the slag suction system 5 and the vertical grouting branch pipe 83 of the grouting system 8, respectively.

[0092] like Figure 1-13 As shown, the sliding horizontal drill assembly 2 can be used for excavating horizontal cantilever pile holes. The sliding horizontal drill assembly 2 includes a horizontal drill device 21, a horizontal hydraulic cylinder 22, and a horizontal drill reaction frame 23. The horizontal hydraulic cylinder 22 is fixed on the horizontal drill reaction frame 23 and drives the horizontal drill device 21 to move laterally.

[0093] The horizontal drilling device 21 also includes several cylindrical drill assemblies 11 and a U-shaped fork plate 12 serving as a mounting frame. The structures of the cylindrical drill assemblies 11 and U-shaped fork plate 12 in the horizontal drilling device 21 are the same as those in the vertical drilling device 1, except for their orientation (the horizontal drilling device 21 is vertically positioned, while the vertical drilling device 1 is horizontally positioned), so they will not be described in detail here. In this embodiment, the sliding horizontal drilling assembly 2 also has four cylindrical drills, which are arranged in a matrix to form a rectangular cutting surface, forming a rectangular horizontal cantilever pile hole during its side cutting process. The horizontal drilling reaction frame 23 includes a reaction plate 234, an upper side plate 232, a lower side plate 233, and a hydraulic side guard plate 231. The upper side plate 232 and the lower side plate 233 are respectively located on the upper and lower parts of the reaction plate 234, and the hydraulic side guard plate 231 is respectively located on both sides of the reaction plate 234. The horizontal drilling device 21 is located between the upper side plate 232 and the lower side plate 233. The horizontal hydraulic cylinder 22 is located in the space formed by the upper side plate 232, the lower side plate 233, the hydraulic side guard plate 231, and the reaction plate 234. The hydraulic side guard plate 231 can prevent the rock mass from contacting the horizontal hydraulic cylinder 22 during excavation, thereby protecting the horizontal hydraulic cylinder 22. The cylinder end face of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder 22 is fixed on the reaction plate 234. The piston rod of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder 22 is connected to the horizontal drilling device 21. Vertical guide grooves 237 are provided on both the upper side plate 232 and the lower side plate 233. The size and shape of the vertical guide grooves 237 are matched with the size and shape of the vertical guide plate 2310. The vertical guide grooves 237 are used to install the vertical guide plate 2310. The vertical guide plate 2310 passes through the vertical guide grooves 237 on the upper side plate 232 and the lower side plate 233. Both ends of the vertical guide plate 2310 are connected to the mixing box 31 of the mixing device 3 and the vertical drilling device 1, respectively. The sliding horizontal drilling assembly 2 can move along the height direction of the vertical guide plate 2310. At the same time, the vertical guide plate 2310 can also limit the horizontal position of the sliding horizontal drilling assembly 2 (horizontal drilling reaction frame 23) to prevent the sliding horizontal drilling assembly 2 (horizontal drilling reaction frame 23) from moving in the horizontal direction. A rigid barrier 238 is installed around the bottom surface of the lower side plate 233. A rubber pad 239 is provided on the rigid barrier 238. When the sliding horizontal drill assembly 2 comes into contact with the vertical drill device 1, the rubber pad 239 can prevent the rigid barrier 238 from colliding with the horizontal drill reaction frame 23 of the sliding horizontal drill assembly 2, thus playing a buffering role.In addition, the U-shaped fork plate 12 of the horizontal drilling device 21 is provided with a horizontal slag suction branch pipe through hole 211 and a horizontal grouting branch pipe through hole 212, which are used to fix the horizontal slag suction branch pipe 53 of the slag suction system 5 and the horizontal grouting branch pipe 84 of the grouting system 8, respectively. The upper side plate 232 is provided with a slag suction main pipe through hole 235 and a grouting main pipe through hole 236, which are used to fix the slag suction main pipe 51 of the slag suction system 5 and the grouting main pipe 81 of the grouting system 8, respectively. The lower side plate 233 is provided with a vertical slag suction branch pipe through hole 125 and a vertical grouting branch pipe through hole 126, which are used to fix the vertical slag suction branch pipe 52 of the slag suction system 5 and the vertical grouting branch pipe 83 of the grouting system 8, respectively.

[0094] like Figure 1-17 As shown, the slag treatment mechanism includes a mixing device 3, a crushing device 4, a slag suction system 5, a slag discharge system 7, and a grouting system 8.

[0095] The mixing device 3 mainly includes a mixing box 31 and a mixing mechanism. The mixing box 31 is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the sliding horizontal drill assembly 2 (vertical guide plate 2310). The mixing mechanism includes a main gear 37 and multiple auxiliary gears 39 meshing with it. The main gear 37 is driven to rotate by the mixing motor 312, which in turn drives the auxiliary gears 39 to rotate. A mixing main shaft 33 extending into the mixing box 31 is coaxially arranged on the main gear 37. The mixing main shaft 33 is equipped with mixing blades, which are double-layered large blades 32. Each auxiliary gear 39 is coaxially arranged with a mixing auxiliary shaft 35 extending into the mixing box 31. The mixing auxiliary shaft 35 is also equipped with mixing blades. The mixing blades on some of the mixing auxiliary shafts 35 are double-layered small blades 34, and the mixing blades on the other part of the mixing auxiliary shafts 35 are single-layered small blades 36. By mixing the rock debris and mud in the mixing box 31, a uniformly mixed mud can be obtained, which is convenient for discharge. To prevent slurry from seeping into the gearbox containing the main gear 37 and auxiliary gear 39 during mixing, a main gear isolation pad 38 is provided at the connection point between the main mixing shaft 33 and the mixing box 31, and an auxiliary gear isolation pad 310 is provided at the connection point between the auxiliary mixing shaft 35 and the mixing box 31. Figure 3 As shown, a steel cover plate 311 is located on top of the gearbox containing the main gear 37 and the auxiliary gear 39, for connecting to the pipe fixing bracket 6. The mixing tank 31 is equipped with a slag suction port and a slag discharge port.

[0096] A slag suction system 5 is connected to the slag suction port of the mixing tank 31. The slag suction system 5 mainly includes a slag suction main pipe 51, a vertical slag suction branch pipe 52, and a horizontal slag suction branch pipe 53. One end of the slag suction main pipe 51 is connected to the slag suction port of the mixing tank 31 via the crushing device 4. The other end of the slag suction main pipe 51 (i.e., the suction end) is connected to the vertical slag suction branch pipe 52 and the horizontal slag suction branch pipe 53. The vertical slag suction branch pipe 52 extends into the vertical drilling device 1, and the suction head 55 of the vertical slag suction branch pipe 52 is close to the vertical drilling device. At the cylindrical drill assembly 11 of the horizontal drill 21, a vertical slag suction valve 56 is installed at the suction head 55 of the vertical slag suction branch pipe 52 to control the pipeline opening and closing. The horizontal slag suction branch pipe 53 extends into the horizontal drill 21, and its suction head 55 is close to the cylindrical drill assembly 11 of the horizontal drill 21 to allow it to suction the slag excavated from the vertical drill. A horizontal slag suction valve 57 is installed at the suction head 55 of the horizontal slag suction branch pipe 53 to control the pipeline opening and closing. Furthermore, both the vertical slag suction branch pipe 52 and the horizontal slag suction branch pipe 53 utilize telescopic pipes 54.

[0097] The extracted rock debris is crushed into fine particles by the crushing device 4 and then enters the mixing tank 31. The crushing device 4 mainly includes a crushing tank 41, a partition plate 42, a connecting pipe 43, a frame 44, a blower motor 45, blower blades 46, a crushing blade 47, and a filter screen 48. The partition plate 42 is inclined in the crushing tank 41 to form a ramp that facilitates the flow of rock debris. The blower motor 45 is installed on the top plate in the crushing tank 41 via the frame 44. The blower motor 45 has blower blades 46 on its rotating shaft. The high-speed rotating blower motor 45 and blower blades 46 can create negative pressure in the slag suction main pipe 51. A crushing blade 47 is installed at the installation location of the blower motor 45 so that the extracted rock debris must be crushed by the crushing blade 47 before entering the mixing tank 41 through the connecting pipe 43. A screen 48 is installed at the end face of the blower motor 45 to filter large rock debris particles and prevent rock debris from flowing into the mixing tank 31 from the blower motor 45.

[0098] The grout outlet of the grouting system 8 extends into the vertical drilling device 1 and the sliding horizontal drilling assembly 2. The grouting system 8 mainly includes a grouting main pipe 81, a grouting pump 82, a vertical grouting branch pipe 83 and a horizontal grouting branch pipe 84. One end of the grouting main pipe 81 is connected to the grouting pump 82 located on the ground, and the other end is connected to the vertical grouting branch pipe 83 and the horizontal grouting branch pipe 84. The vertical grouting branch pipe 83 extends into the vertical drilling device 1, with its nozzle 85 located near the cylindrical drill assembly 11. Grouting system 8 injects mud into the rock debris, mixing the rock debris with the mud for easy extraction by the suction system 5. A vertical grouting valve 86 is installed at the nozzle 85 of the vertical grouting branch pipe 83 to control the pipeline's flow. Similarly, the horizontal grouting branch pipe 84 extends into the horizontal drilling device 21, with its nozzle 85 located near the cylindrical drill assembly 11. Grouting system 8 injects mud into the rock debris, mixing the rock debris with the mud for easy extraction by the suction system 5. A horizontal grouting valve 87 is installed at the nozzle 85 of the horizontal grouting branch pipe 84 to control the pipeline's flow. Both the vertical grouting branch pipe 83 and the horizontal grouting branch pipe 84 are telescopic pipes.

[0099] like Figure 1-17 As shown, the pipe fixing frame 6 has a box-shaped structure, including a top steel plate 61, a middle steel plate 62, a bottom steel plate 63, and several side uprights 64 connecting the three. Furthermore, a square through hole 65 is provided on the bottom steel plate 63 of the pipe fixing frame 6 for installing the mixing motor 312. Additionally, slag discharge pipe fixing holes 66 for the slag discharge pipe 71 and grouting pipe fixing holes 67 for the grouting main pipe 81 are also provided on the top steel plate 61, middle steel plate 62, and bottom steel plate 63. To prevent pipe swaying during drilling, the pipe fixing frame 6 provides fixation for each passing pipe. It should be noted that four lifting points are provided on the top steel plate 61 for cable 93 connection to ensure stable hoisting of the pipe fixing frame 6.

[0100] (S2) For example Figure 18 As shown, before preparing to drill downwards, the horizontal drilling device 21 in the sliding horizontal drilling assembly 2 is brought to its minimum stroke and put into standby mode; then the vertical drilling device 1 is controlled to drill vertically downwards into the rock stratum a until the designed depth of the horizontal cantilever pile hole d, so as to form the free section pile hole c of the rectangular pile hole.

[0101] During this process, the suction head 55 on the vertical slag suction branch pipe 52 near the cylindrical drill assembly 11 of the vertical drilling device 1 and the nozzle 85 on the vertical grouting branch pipe 83 respectively perform slag suction and grouting. The crushing device 4 further crushes the sucked rock and mud mixture and sends it into the mixing tank 31 for mixing. The slag discharge system 7 pumps the rock and mud mixture in the mixing tank 31 to the ground for collection and treatment in real time. At this time, the sliding horizontal drill assembly 2 is located on the vertical drilling device 1.

[0102] (S3) such as Figure 18 As shown, after the sliding horizontal drilling assembly 2 reaches the bottom design elevation of the horizontal cantilever pile hole d, the horizontal hydraulic cylinder 22 is controlled to drive the cylindrical drilling assembly 11 on the horizontal drilling device 21 to drill the horizontal cantilever pile hole d to the side until the design length of the horizontal cantilever pile hole d is reached, while the vertical drilling device 1 continues to drill downward.

[0103] During this process, the suction head 55 on the vertical slag suction branch pipe 52 near the cylindrical drill assembly 11 of the vertical drilling device 1 and the nozzle 85 on the vertical grouting branch pipe 83 respectively perform slag suction and grouting. The suction head 55 on the horizontal slag suction branch pipe 53 near the cylindrical drill assembly 11 of the horizontal drilling device 21 and the nozzle 85 on the horizontal grouting branch pipe 84 respectively perform slag suction and grouting. The crushing device 4 crushes the sucked rock and mud mixture twice and sends it into the mixing tank 31 for mixing. The slag discharge system 7 pumps the rock and mud mixture in the mixing tank 31 to the ground for collection and treatment in real time.

[0104] (S4) After the construction of the horizontal cantilever pile hole d is completed, the piston rod of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder 22 retracts to the minimum stroke, causing the horizontal drilling device 21 to retract into the free section pile hole c. The sliding horizontal drilling assembly 2 moves downward under its own weight and contacts the vertical drilling device 1. The cylindrical drilling assembly 11 on the vertical drilling device 1 continues to drill downward to the design depth of the embedded section pile hole e.

[0105] During this process, the suction head 55 on the vertical slag suction branch pipe 52 near the cylindrical drill assembly 11 of the vertical drilling device 1 and the nozzle 85 on the vertical grouting branch pipe 83 respectively perform slag suction and grouting. The crushing device 4 crushes the sucked rock and mud mixture twice and sends it into the mixing tank 31 for mixing. The slag discharge system 7 pumps the rock and mud mixture in the mixing tank 31 to the ground for collection and treatment in real time.

[0106] The beneficial effects of this embodiment are:

[0107] (1) Rectangular pile holes for horizontal cantilever structures are drilled in deep rock mass using a cable and a retractable horizontal cylindrical drill with spaced cutters and rollers.

[0108] (2) Simultaneous drilling of horizontal cantilever and embedded section pile holes can improve construction efficiency;

[0109] (3) Both the horizontal cantilever structure and the vertical pile body can be drilled in one go without the need for other mechanical assistance, thereby improving construction efficiency and saving construction and equipment costs;

[0110] (4) The rock is crushed twice by the crushing box, which can better discharge it from the pile hole and prevent the slag discharge pipe from being blocked;

[0111] (5) It has both drilling and slag removal functions, and the drilling rig has a high degree of integration, which realizes the uninterrupted synchronous operation of drilling and slag removal, reduces construction procedures, saves construction costs, and improves drilling efficiency.

[0112] Example 2: This example specifically relates to a synchronous drilling method for rectangular anti-slide piles with horizontal cantilever. The difference between this example and Example 1 is that the construction of rectangular shallow-hole anti-slide piles is required in rock strata. Figure 19 As shown, the drilling rig 9 is connected to the drilling machine via a vertical drill rod 313.

[0113] The drilling rig 9 includes a vehicle-mounted platform 911, a steel column 97, a tie rod 910, a hinge shaft 99, a guide rail 98, a slider 96, a steel cantilever beam 95, and a rotary motor 912. The vehicle-mounted platform 911 has tracked wheels and is located on the ground. The steel column 97 is vertically mounted on the front end of the vehicle-mounted platform 911. The tie rod 910 provides diagonal bracing reinforcement to the steel column 97. Specifically, the upper end of the tie rod 910 is hinged to the upper end of the steel column 97, and the lower end is connected to the hinge shaft 99 on the vehicle-mounted platform 911. The guide rail 98 is fixedly attached to the steel column 97 to form a vertical track. The slider 96 is slidably mounted on the guide rail 98 and can slide vertically under the drive of the power mechanism. The steel cantilever beam 95 is fixed on the slider 96, and the rotary motor 912 is mounted on the steel cantilever beam 95. The vertically arranged drill rod 313 is driven to rotate by the rotary motor 912 and can move vertically with the slider 96. That is, the drill rod 313 can drill downward under the drive of the slider 93.

[0114] It should also be noted that when the drilling rig 9 is connected to the drilling machine using the drill rod 313, the main gear 37 in the mixing mechanism no longer needs to be driven by a separate mixing motor 312. The lower end of the drill rod 313 can be directly connected to the main gear 37 and driven to rotate.

[0115] The remaining hole-forming construction methods and steps in this embodiment are exactly the same as in Embodiment 1, and will not be repeated here.

[0116] Example 3: This example specifically relates to a synchronous drilling method for rectangular anti-slide piles with horizontal cantilever. Unlike Example 1, this example requires the construction of rectangular deep-hole anti-slide piles in soil strata. Therefore, improvements were made to the grouting system 8 and the cylindrical drill assembly 11, as follows:

[0117] like Figure 20As shown, the grouting system 8, which originally led to the vertical drilling device 1 and the sliding horizontal drilling assembly 2 in Example 1, is adjusted to lead to the mixing tank 31. The excavated mud can be sucked into the mixing tank 31 by the slag suction system 5 for mixing without the need for additional grouting. The grouting system 8 can further adjust the mud concentration by grouting into the mixing tank 31, so as to facilitate the slag discharge system 7 to discharge the mud mixture in the mixing tank 31.

[0118] like Figure 21 As shown, the soil layer drilled in this example has low strength. The cylindrical drill assembly 111 is modified to have several mixing blade assemblies 116 evenly distributed on its surface. The mixing blade assembly 116 includes a mixing blade base and a mixing blade. The mixing blade is installed at an angle under the fixation of the mixing blade base to facilitate the mixing and excavation of the soil.

[0119] The remaining hole-forming construction methods and steps in this embodiment are exactly the same as in Embodiment 1, and will not be repeated here.

[0120] Example 4: This example specifically relates to a synchronous drilling method for rectangular anti-slide piles with horizontal cantilever. Unlike Example 1, this example requires the construction of rectangular shallow-hole anti-slide piles in soil strata. Therefore, improvements were made to the grouting system 8 and the cylindrical drill assembly 11, as well as the connection method between the drilling rig 9 and the drilling machine, as detailed below:

[0121] like Figure 22 As shown, the grouting system 8, which originally led to the vertical drilling device 1 and the sliding horizontal drilling assembly 2 in Example 1, is adjusted to lead to the mixing tank 31. The excavated mud can be sucked into the mixing tank 31 by the slag suction system 5 for mixing without the need for additional grouting. The grouting system 8 can further adjust the mud concentration by grouting into the mixing tank 31, so as to facilitate the slag discharge system 7 to discharge the mud mixture in the mixing tank 31.

[0122] like Figure 21 As shown, the soil layer drilled in this example has low strength. The cylindrical drill assembly 111 is modified to have several mixing blade assemblies 116 evenly distributed on its surface. The mixing blade assembly 116 includes a mixing blade base and a mixing blade. The mixing blade is installed at an angle under the fixation of the mixing blade base to facilitate the mixing and excavation of the soil.

[0123] like Figure 22As shown, the drilling rig 9 includes a vehicle-mounted platform 911, a steel column 97, a tie rod 910, a hinge shaft 99, a guide rail 98, a slider 96, a steel cantilever beam 95, and a rotary motor 912. The vehicle-mounted platform 911 has tracked wheels and is located on the ground. The steel column 97 is vertically mounted on the front end of the vehicle-mounted platform 911. The tie rod 910 provides diagonal bracing reinforcement to the steel column 97. Specifically, the upper end of the tie rod 910 is hinged to the upper end of the steel column 97, and the lower end is connected to the hinge shaft on the vehicle-mounted platform 911. The guide rail 98 is fixed along the steel column 97 to form a vertical track. The slider 96 is slidably mounted on the guide rail 98 and can slide vertically under the drive of the power mechanism. The steel cantilever beam 95 is fixed on the slider 96. The rotary motor 912 is mounted on the steel cantilever beam 95. The vertically arranged drill rod 313 is driven to rotate by the rotary motor 912 and can move vertically with the slider 96. That is, the drill rod 313 can drill downward under the drive of the slider 93.

[0124] The remaining hole-forming construction methods and steps in this embodiment are exactly the same as in Embodiment 1, and will not be repeated here.

[0125] Although the above embodiments have described the concept and embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art will recognize that various improvements and modifications can still be made to the present invention without departing from the scope of the claims, and therefore will not be elaborated here.

Claims

1. A method for simultaneous drilling and excavation of rectangular anti-slide piles with horizontal cantilever, characterized in that... The mechanical hole-forming method includes the following steps: S1: A slag handling mechanism, a sliding horizontal drilling assembly, and a vertical drilling device are sequentially installed on the drilling rig from top to bottom. The sliding horizontal drilling assembly is located at the top of the vertical drilling device and can move up and down in the vertical direction; wherein: The sliding horizontal drill assembly includes a horizontal drill device, a horizontal hydraulic cylinder, and a horizontal drill reaction frame. The horizontal hydraulic cylinder is fixed on the horizontal drill reaction frame and drives the horizontal drill device to move laterally. The horizontal drill device includes several horizontally arranged cylindrical drill assemblies that form a rectangular excavation face vertically. The vertical drilling device includes a U-shaped fork plate and several cylindrical drill assemblies mounted on the U-shaped fork plate and forming a rectangular excavation face in the horizontal direction. S2: Put the piston rod of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder into the standby state with the minimum stroke, and control the cylindrical drill assembly on the vertical drilling device to drill downward into the strata until the designed depth of the horizontal cantilever pile hole, so as to form the free section of the rectangular pile hole. S3: After the sliding horizontal drilling assembly reaches the bottom design elevation of the horizontal cantilever pile hole, control the horizontal hydraulic cylinder to drive the cylindrical drilling assembly on the horizontal drilling device to drill outwards into the horizontal cantilever pile hole until the design length of the horizontal cantilever pile hole is reached; at the same time, continue to control the cylindrical drilling assembly on the vertical drilling device to drill downwards into the strata. S4: The piston rod of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder is retracted to its minimum stroke and stopped working. The cylindrical drill assembly on the horizontal drilling device is shut down. The sliding horizontal drill assembly moves downward under its own weight and contacts the vertical drilling device. The cylindrical drill assembly on the vertical drilling device is controlled to drill downward to the design depth of the rectangular pile hole to form the embedded section of the rectangular pile hole.

2. The method for simultaneous drilling and excavation of rectangular anti-slide piles with horizontal cantilever as described in claim 1, characterized in that... In step S1, the connection method between the drilling rig and the drilling vehicle located on the ground is selected according to the design depth of the rectangular pile hole. The connection method is either a vertical drill rod connection or a cable connection. If the design depth of the rectangular pile hole is within the length range of the vertical drill rod, then the vertical drill rod is installed on the drilling rig, and the lower end of the vertical drill rod is connected to the drilling machine; If the designed depth of the rectangular pile hole exceeds the length of the vertical drill rod, then the cable is installed on the drilling rig and the lower end of the cable is used to hoist the drilling machine.

3. The method for simultaneous drilling and excavation of rectangular anti-slide piles with horizontal cantilever as described in claim 2, characterized in that... The drilling rig includes a vehicle-mounted platform, a steel column, a tie rod, a hinge shaft, a guide rail, a slider, and a steel cantilever beam. The steel column is vertically mounted on the vehicle-mounted platform. The upper end of the tie rod is hinged to the upper end of the steel column, and the lower end is hinged to the hinge shaft fixed on the vehicle-mounted platform. The guide rail is vertically mounted and fixed along the steel column. The slider is slidably mounted on the guide rail, and the steel cantilever beam is fixed on the slider. When the drilling rig and the drilling machine are connected by the vertical drill rod, a rotary motor is installed on the steel suspension beam and drives the vertical drill rod to rotate. When the drilling rig and the drilling vehicle are connected by the cable, a set of winch motors are fixedly installed on the steel suspension beam to drive the cable to suspend the drilling rig in the vertical direction, and a cable support is fixedly installed below the steel suspension beam.

4. The method for simultaneous drilling and excavation of rectangular anti-slide piles with horizontal cantilever as described in claim 2, characterized in that... In step S1, the stratum drilled by the drilling rig is a soil stratum; The slag treatment mechanism includes a mixing device, a crushing device, a slag suction system, a slag discharge system, and a grouting system; The mixing device includes a mixing tank and a mixing mechanism; the mixing tank is provided with a slag suction port, a slag discharge port, and a slurry inlet; the mixing mechanism includes a main gear and several auxiliary gears meshing with the main gear, the main gear being driven by the lower end of the vertical drill rod or by a mixing motor, a main mixing shaft extending into the mixing tank is coaxially mounted on the main gear, and mixing blades are mounted on the main mixing shaft; an auxiliary mixing shaft extending into the mixing tank is coaxially mounted on the auxiliary gear, and mixing blades are mounted on the auxiliary mixing shaft. The slag suction system includes a main slag suction pipe and vertical and horizontal slag suction branches branching from the suction port of the main slag suction pipe; the slag suction port of the mixing tank is connected to the main slag suction pipe, and the crushing device is provided between the main slag suction pipe and the suction port; the crushing device includes a blower for suction and a crushing blade for crushing sludge; the suction head of the vertical slag suction branch is connected to the vertical drilling device, and the suction head of the horizontal slag suction branch is connected to the sliding horizontal drilling assembly; a slag suction valve is provided at each suction head; the pipe bodies of both the horizontal and vertical slag suction branch are telescopic pipes. The grouting system includes a grouting main pipe and a grouting pump installed on the grouting main pipe. One port of the grouting main pipe is connected to the grout inlet on the mixing tank to pump the mud into the mixing tank. The slag discharge system includes a slag discharge pipe and a slag discharge pump installed on the slag discharge pipe. One end of the slag discharge pipe is connected to the slag discharge port on the mixing tank to pump the mud and slag in the mixing tank to the ground for collection.

5. The method for simultaneous drilling and excavation of rectangular anti-slide piles with horizontal cantilever as described in claim 4, characterized in that... The U-shaped fork plate of the vertical drilling device consists of a web plate, wing plates disposed on both sides of the bottom surface of the web plate, and a steel support disposed in the middle of the bottom surface of the web plate; the cylindrical drill assembly of the vertical drilling device includes two cylindrical drills and a motor for driving the cylindrical drills to rotate. The cylindrical drill consists of a cylinder and a plurality of agitator assemblies evenly distributed on the surface of the cylinder. The rotating shaft of the motor passes through the cylinder on both sides, and the end of the rotating shaft is correspondingly disposed in the rotating shaft hole of the wing plate on both sides of the U-shaped fork plate. The outer shell of the motor is welded and fixed to the steel support. The horizontal drilling reaction frame of the sliding horizontal drilling assembly includes a reaction plate, an upper side plate, a lower side plate, and a hydraulic side guard plate. The upper side plate and the lower side plate are respectively located on the upper and lower parts of the reaction plate. The hydraulic side guard plates are respectively located on both sides of the reaction plate. The horizontal drilling device is located between the upper side plate and the lower side plate. The horizontal hydraulic cylinder is located in the space formed by the upper side plate, the lower side plate, the hydraulic side guard plate, and the reaction plate. The cylinder end face of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder is fixed on the reaction plate. The piston rod of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder is connected to the horizontal drilling device. Vertical guide grooves for installing vertical guide plates are provided on both the upper side plate and the lower side plate. The vertical guide plates pass through the vertical guide grooves on the upper side plate and the lower side plate, and both ends of the vertical guide plates are respectively connected to the mixing tank and the vertical drilling device. A rigid enclosure is installed circumferentially along the bottom surface of the lower side plate, and a rubber pad is provided on the rigid enclosure.

6. The method for simultaneous drilling and excavation of rectangular anti-slide piles with horizontal cantilever as described in claim 5, characterized in that... In steps S2 and S4, during the vertical drilling process of the vertical drilling device, the suction valve at the suction head of the horizontal suction pipe is closed, and the suction valve at the suction head of the vertical suction pipe is opened to draw the crushed mud from the vertical drilling device into the crushing device. The crushing device further crushes the drawn mud and sends it into the mixing tank for mixing. Meanwhile, the grouting system pumps slurry into the mixing tank in real time to mix with the mud. The slag discharge system pumps the mixture of mud and slurry from the mixing tank to the ground for collection and treatment in real time. In step S3, during the process of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder driving the horizontal drilling device to move horizontally outward to drill the horizontal cantilever pile hole, the slag suction valve at the suction head of the horizontal slag suction branch pipe is opened to suck the mud and slag crushed by the horizontal drilling device into the crushing device. The crushing device crushes the sucked mud and slag a second time and sends it into the mixing tank for mixing. Meanwhile, the grouting system pumps mud slurry into the mixing tank in real time to mix with the mud and slag. The slag discharge system pumps the mud and slag mixture in the mixing tank to the ground for collection and treatment in real time.

7. The method for simultaneous drilling and excavation of rectangular anti-slide piles with horizontal cantilever as described in claim 2, characterized in that... In step S1, the strata drilled by the drilling rig are rock strata; The slag treatment mechanism includes a mixing device, a crushing device, a slag suction system, a slag discharge system, and a grouting system; The mixing device includes a mixing tank and a mixing mechanism disposed on the mixing tank; a slag suction port disposed on the mixing tank is connected to the slag suction system, and a slag discharge port disposed on the mixing tank is connected to the slag discharge system; the grouting system is connected to the sliding horizontal drill assembly and the vertical drill device; the mixing mechanism includes a main gear and several auxiliary gears meshing with the main gear; the main gear is driven to rotate by a mixing motor or by the lower end of the vertical drill rod; a mixing main rotating shaft extending into the mixing tank is coaxially disposed on the main gear, and mixing blades are disposed on the mixing main rotating shaft; a mixing auxiliary rotating shaft extending into the mixing tank is coaxially disposed on the auxiliary gear, and mixing blades are disposed on the mixing auxiliary rotating shaft; The slag suction system includes a slag suction main pipe. A crushing device is provided between the slag suction main pipe and the slag suction port of the mixing tank. The crushing device includes a blower for suction and a crushing blade for crushing sludge. The suction port of the slag suction main pipe branches into a vertical slag suction branch pipe and a horizontal slag suction branch pipe. The suction head of the vertical slag suction branch pipe is connected to the vertical drilling device, and the suction head of the horizontal slag suction branch pipe is connected to the sliding horizontal drilling assembly. A slag suction valve is provided at each suction head. The pipe bodies of the horizontal slag suction branch pipe and the vertical slag suction branch pipe are telescopic pipes. The slag discharge system includes a slag discharge pipe and a slag discharge pump installed on the slag discharge pipe. The lower end of the slag discharge pipe is connected to the slag discharge port on the mixing tank. The grouting system includes a main grouting pipe and a grouting pump mounted on the main grouting pipe. The lower end of the main grouting pipe branches into a vertical grouting branch pipe and a horizontal grouting branch pipe. The nozzle of the vertical grouting branch pipe extends into the vertical drilling device and is located near the cylindrical drill assembly on the vertical drilling device. The nozzle of the horizontal grouting branch pipe extends into the sliding horizontal drill assembly and is located near the cylindrical drill assembly on the horizontal drilling device. Each nozzle is equipped with a grouting valve. Both the pipe body of the vertical grouting branch pipe and the pipe body of the horizontal grouting branch pipe are telescopic pipes.

8. The method for simultaneous drilling and excavation of rectangular anti-slide piles with horizontal cantilever as described in claim 7, characterized in that... The U-shaped fork plate of the vertical drilling device consists of a web plate, wing plates disposed on both sides of the bottom surface of the web plate, and a steel support disposed in the middle of the bottom surface of the web plate; the cylindrical drilling assembly of the vertical drilling device includes two cylinders, a motor driving the cylinders to rotate, a plurality of roller cutter assemblies spaced apart on the surface of the cylinders, and a plurality of reamer assemblies disposed between adjacent roller cutter assemblies. The roller cutter assembly includes a roller cutter base and a ring of roller cutters fixed on the roller cutter base. The reamer assembly includes a reamer base and a reamer cutter fixed at an incline on the reamer base. The rotating shaft of the motor passes through the cylinders on both sides, and the end of the rotating shaft is correspondingly disposed in the rotating shaft hole of the wing plates on both sides of the U-shaped fork plate. The outer shell of the motor is welded and fixed to the steel support. The horizontal drilling reaction frame of the sliding horizontal drilling assembly includes a reaction plate, an upper side plate, a lower side plate, and a hydraulic side guard plate. The upper side plate and the lower side plate are respectively located on the upper and lower parts of the reaction plate. The hydraulic side guard plates are respectively located on both sides of the reaction plate. The horizontal drilling device is located between the upper side plate and the lower side plate. The horizontal hydraulic cylinder is located in the space formed by the upper side plate, the lower side plate, the hydraulic side guard plate, and the reaction plate. The cylinder end face of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder is fixed on the reaction plate. The piston rod of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder is connected to the horizontal drilling device. Vertical guide grooves for installing vertical guide plates are provided on both the upper side plate and the lower side plate. The vertical guide plates pass through the vertical guide grooves on the upper side plate and the lower side plate, and both ends of the vertical guide plates are respectively connected to the mixing tank and the vertical drilling device. A rigid enclosure is installed circumferentially along the bottom surface of the lower side plate, and a rubber pad is provided on the rigid enclosure.

9. A method for synchronous drilling and excavation of rectangular anti-slide piles with horizontal cantilever as described in claim 8, characterized in that... In steps S2 and S4, during the vertical drilling process of the vertical drilling device, the suction valve at the suction head of the horizontal suction pipe and the grouting valve at the nozzle of the horizontal grouting pipe are closed, while the grouting valve at the nozzle of the vertical grouting pipe is opened to continuously inject mud into the rock surface at the drilling site. Simultaneously, the suction valve at the suction head of the vertical suction pipe is opened to draw the mixture of crushed rock and mud from the vertical drilling device into the crushing device. The crushing device further crushes the drawn-in rock and mud mixture and then sends it to the mixing tank for mixing. The slag discharge system continuously pumps the rock and mud mixture from the mixing tank to the ground for collection and treatment. In step S3, during the process of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder driving the horizontal drilling device to move horizontally outward to drill the horizontal cantilever pile hole, the grouting valve at the nozzle of the horizontal grouting branch pipe is opened to continuously inject mud into the rock surface at the drilling site of the horizontal drilling device. At the same time, the suction valve at the suction head of the horizontal suction branch pipe is opened to suck the mixture of rock fragments and mud crushed by the horizontal drilling device into the crushing device. The crushing device further crushes the sucked rock fragments and mud mixture and sends it into the mixing tank for mixing. The slag discharge system pumps the mixture of rock fragments and mud from the mixing tank to the ground for collection and treatment in real time.

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