A new fruit-flavored water product comprehensive circulating water aquaculture method

Abstract

The application discloses a novel fruit-flavored water product comprehensive circulating water breeding method, which comprises the following steps: disinfection, filtering and removing coarse impurities, neutralization and aeration, adding algal species, inoculating bacteria, adding trace elements, water dilution, releasing juvenile fish and shrimp fry, circle breeding, and water circulation. The application has the advantages of saving land and water, not damaging the plough layer, ecological environmental protection, quality safety, intelligent standard, energy saving and high efficiency, controllable yield, and the like, and provides a new technical mode for leading the green, healthy and efficient breeding transformation development of water products in China and produces high-quality special-taste fish and shrimps (containing fruit flavor, organic acid and reducing sugar).

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of aquaculture, in particular to a new fruit-flavored comprehensive recirculating aquaculture method. BACKGROUND

[0002] China is a major country in the world for aquaculture. In 2022, the total output of aquatic products in China was 68.69 million tons, of which the total output of aquaculture was 55.68 million tons. Consumption mainly relies on aquaculture, and products are relatively traditional. Although the aquaculture mode is improving, the treatment of aquaculture tail water is not yet perfect. However, in recent years, the central government has continuously increased the intensity of environmental protection supervision, and many traditional aquaculture areas have been included in the ecological red line range. Under the new requirements of ecological environmental protection for aquaculture, nearly 80% of the aquaculture area is at risk of being limited or banned. In addition, the newly enacted Water Pollution Prevention Law further stricts the tail water discharge requirements. According to the survey, 90% of traditional aquaculture ponds do not have tail water treatment facilities, and it is difficult to achieve the discharge requirements.

[0003] South American white shrimp aquaculture is one of the important varieties in China, and has a long history of large-scale aquaculture in the southern coastal areas. Traditional aquaculture has a large water pollution, and the quality of aquaculture is generally low, the market is depressed, the quality of seedlings is uneven, and the problems of carrying viruses and slow growth are more serious.

[0004] In the existing aquaculture process, the fish and shrimp bodies are not organic acids and reducing sugars. In the past, in order to prevent and treat fish and shrimp diseases, antibiotics treatment has to be used, but years of practice have shown that the use of antibiotics will produce many adverse consequences, such as inhibition of the growth ability of fish and shrimp, drug resistance, and negative impact on humans and the environment. In addition, the detection of drug residues in the domestic and foreign markets is becoming more and more strict, and once fish and shrimp are detected to have drug residues, it is likely to be a man-made disaster for the aquaculture farmers. SUMMARY

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the present application provides a new fruit-flavored comprehensive recirculating aquaculture method.

[0006] The technical scheme of the present application is: a new fruit-flavored comprehensive recirculating aquaculture method, comprising the following steps:

[0007] A. Disinfection and sterilization treatment of the original fruit brine and the breeding and pickling pool of the prepared water body;

[0008] B. Take the original fruit brine produced during the pickling of fresh fruits, the salt content of the original fruit brine is 25-30‰, and the pH value is 1.5-2;

[0009] C. Filtering the original fruit brine with a filter screen to remove coarse impurities;

[0010] D, the filtered original fruit brine, CaO is added to carry out neutralization reaction, and uninterrupted aeration is carried out;

[0011] E, while step D, the water body is added to algae, and bacteria are thrown, and the photosynthesis of algae is carried out;

[0012] F, while step D, trace elements are added to the water body;

[0013] G, after neutralization reaction, the PH value of the water body reaches 6.5-9, after uninterrupted aeration and photosynthesis of algae, the dissolved oxygen content of the water body reaches 3-9 mg / L, and then water dilution is carried out;

[0014] H, after the salinity content is reduced to 5-15 ‰, water dilution is stopped, and the modulated water body is formed;

[0015] I, the first cultivation water body is used to modulate water body, and aquatic seedlings are thrown to carry out primary training cultivation, and brine shrimp is cultured 2-3 days before throwing seedlings;

[0016] J, after the aquatic seedlings adapt to the growth environment, the seedlings are divided and completely kept, and the commodity fish and shrimp are caught until the commodity fish and shrimp are caught;

[0017] K, during the cultivation of aquatic products, the cultivation water body is extracted in a timely and quantitative manner, and an equal amount of modulated water body is added.

[0018] Preferably, in step D, the weight ratio of the filtered brine to the added CaO is 50 kg: 1.5-2 g.

[0019] Preferably, in step D, the amount of algae added is 1-2 g / ton of water body, the amount of bacteria thrown is the same as the amount of algae added, and the water body temperature is controlled at 25-30 ℃.

[0020] As a further preferred, when the light condition does not meet the photosynthesis of algae, artificial light intervention is carried out.

[0021] Preferably, in step D, the uninterrupted aeration time is 3-5 days.

[0022] Preferably, in step H, the ammonia nitrogen in the modulated water body is controlled to be below 0.2 mg / L, and the nitrite is controlled to be below 0.03 mg / L.

[0023] Preferably, the algae include chlorella, green algae and diatom; the bacteria include EM bacteria, lactic acid bacteria and arc-producing bacteria, and the trace elements include calcium ions, magnesium ions and potassium ions.

[0024] Preferably, in step K, 20-30% of the cultivation water body is extracted into circulation every day.

[0025] As a further preferred, the extracted aquaculture water is filtered, expanded bacteria algae, biochemical treatment, form low ammonia nitrogen, low nitrite water, flow into the conditioning water for reuse.

[0026] Preferably, in step B, the original fruit brine is best pickled with green plums.

[0027] The present application has the advantages of saving land and water, not damaging the plough layer, ecological environmental protection, quality safety, intelligent standard, energy saving and high efficiency, etc.

[0028] During the cultivation process, the cultivation water is recycled multiple times, and various minerals, trace elements, carbon sources, etc. are supplemented while cultivating. The water usage is reduced, and the zero sewage discharge process is achieved, 100% not polluting rivers, lakes, seas, soil, etc. The cultivation water is permanently recycled, and after microfiltration and solid deposition, it is used as raw material for cultivating bacteria and algae or becomes a nutrient source for other fish and plants.

[0029] The present application can improve the yield and quality of aquaculture, and can promote the growth and health of aquatic animals. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The present application will be further described below in conjunction with examples.

[0031] A novel fruit-flavored comprehensive circulating water aquaculture method, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:

[0032] A. The original fruit brine and the cultivation pond of the conditioning water body are subjected to disinfection treatment;

[0033] B. The original fruit brine produced during the pickling of fresh fruit has a salt content of 25-30‰ and a pH value of 1.5-2. Fruit pickling is an existing technology; for details, please refer to the paper "Study on the Changes in Main Components and Organic Acid Spectrum during the Pickling of Green Plums". Taking green plums as an example, fresh local fruit (green plums) of the current year and season is collected as the main raw material, and other fruits are used as auxiliary materials. After various indicators are tested (pesticide residues and other harmful substances), the fruit is washed, dried, pickled with salt and sugar, pressurized, covered, and placed in a cool place. After 20-30 days of pickling, the organic acids and reducing sugars in the fresh fruit diffuse from the inside of the fruit to the outside, forming the original fruit brine. After 20 days of pickling, the salt content, total acid, and reducing sugars in the pulp and pickling brine are basically in equilibrium. At this point, the pulp contains 24.42% salt, 5.18% total acid, and 5.31% total reducing sugar; the corresponding parameters in the pickling brine are 27.06%, 4.91%, and 4.79%, respectively. When the concentrations of organic acids and reducing sugars become similar, they can be separated. This raw fruit brine can then be extracted and used as a conditioning solution for fish and shrimp farming, promoting healthy growth and improving yield and quality. The solid fruit can be crushed and made into feed additives for feeding fish and shrimp.

[0034] C. Filter the raw fruit brine using a filter screen to remove coarse impurities;

[0035] D. Add CaO to the filtered raw fruit brine for neutralization reaction. The weight ratio of the filtered raw fruit brine to the added CaO is 50kg:1.5-2g. Aerate continuously for 3-5 days.

[0036] E. Simultaneously with step D, add algae and bacteria to the water. The algae will then perform photosynthesis. When the light conditions are insufficient for the algae to photosynthesize, artificial light intervention will be implemented. The amount of algae added is 1-2 g / L.

[0037] For every ton of water, the amount of bacteria added is the same as the amount of algae added, and the water temperature is controlled at 25-30℃.

[0038] F. At the same time as step D, add trace elements to the water. Since the original fruit brine is used as the raw material, it is necessary to add trace elements that are not present in the original fruit brine to make the aquatic growth of fish and shrimp more suitable for health.

[0039] G. After neutralization, the pH value of the water reaches 6.5-9. After continuous aeration and photosynthesis of algae, the dissolved oxygen content of the water reaches 3-9 mg / L. Then, water is injected for dilution. Photosynthesis can produce oxygen and increase the dissolved oxygen content of the water.

[0040] H. After diluting with water until the salinity drops to 5-15‰, stop adding water to form a prepared water body for fish and shrimp farming;

[0041] The specific PH value, water dissolved oxygen content, and salt content of the breeding water body are adjusted according to the actual breeding aquatic product species. In the actual production process, the PH value of the water body for breeding loach is generally controlled at 6.5-7, and the dissolved oxygen content is above 3 mg / L; the PH value of the water body for breeding shrimps is generally controlled at 8-8.5, and the dissolved oxygen content is controlled at above 7.5 mg / L; there are many fish species, which are not listed one by one here. Generally, the PH value of the breeding water can reach 9, the dissolved oxygen content is between 7

[0042] ±0.5, and the highest does not exceed 9 mg / L. The salt content of the breeding water body needs to be adjusted according to different aquatic product species. The salt content of the breeding freshwater fish is low, and the salt content of the breeding seawater fish is high. Overall, the water is diluted to reduce the salt content to 5-15‰, and then the water injection is stopped.

[0043] I. The water body for the first time breeding fish and shrimps is adjusted, and aquatic seedlings are put in for primary training breeding. The brine shrimp (brine shrimp is the opening material for aquatic seedlings) is cultured 2-3 days before the seedlings are put in;

[0044] J. After the seedlings adapt to the growth environment, the seedlings are divided and kept in a circle until the commodity fish and shrimps are bred. The commodity fish and shrimps are caught by netting;

[0045] K. In the process of breeding aquatic products, the breeding water body is extracted in a timely and quantitative manner, and an equal amount of adjusted water body is added.

[0046] In this embodiment, the ammonia nitrogen in the adjusted water body in step H is controlled below 0.2 mg / L, and the nitrite is controlled at 0.03 mg / L. The ammonia nitrogen and nitrite are removed by the bacteria and algae in the water. The reducing sugar in the original fruit brine is the carbon source.

[0047] In this embodiment, the algae species include chlorella, green algae, diatom, etc.; the bacteria include EM bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, and vibrio, etc.; and the trace elements include calcium ions, magnesium ions, potassium ions, etc.

[0048] In this embodiment, 20-30% of the breeding water body is extracted into the cycle every day in step K.

[0049] The extracted breeding water body is filtered, expanded, and cultured with bacteria and algae (adding algae species and bacteria), and is subjected to biochemical treatment to form a water body with low ammonia nitrogen and low nitrite, which is recycled into the adjusted water body. The technical points of the cycle water treatment include: 1. breeding water pollutant control technology; 2. advanced microbial flora and algae adjustment breeding water body technology; 3. innovative scientific nutrition feed design; and 4. application technology of graphene heating and temperature control system. Through the above four technologies, the ammonia nitrogen and nitrite are ensured to reach the standard, the ammonia nitrogen is controlled below 0.2 mg / L, and the nitrite is controlled at 0.03 mg / L. The cycle water treatment technology is the existing technology.

[0050] In this embodiment, in step B, the original brine is best for pickling green plums. Because the main organic acid species in green plums is relatively stable. Green plums contain a large amount of natural high-quality citric acid that can promote the TCA cycle of the human body, decompose lactic acid, a fatigue substance in the blood, out of the body, avoid combination with muscle proteins. At the same time, it can increase the efficiency of glucose by about 10 times, thereby releasing more energy to eliminate fatigue. It has practical value for athletes and high-temperature workers to recover their strength. Reducing sugar can stabilize water quality and reduce the incidence of water products and inhibit the reproduction of blue-green algae in water bodies.

[0051] Taking the breeding of loach and white shrimp as an example, after about 90 days of breeding by using the breeding method of the present application, the organic acid content (mg / g) in the fish and shrimp meat is as follows:

[0052] oxalic acid tartaric acid malic acid lactic acid acetic acid citric acid succinic acid total amount cultured group 0.016 0.031 0.443 0.024 0.001 1.279 0.054 1.848 control group 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

[0053] Moreover, after about 90 days of breeding, the content of reducing sugar in the fish and shrimp meat is 1.59±0.5%, while the control group does not have it.

[0054] As can be seen from the table, after breeding in the modulated water body, loach and white shrimp produce organic acid in the fish and shrimp meat, and after actual feeding, the fish and shrimp meat has a faint green plum flavor. Studies have shown that some acids, such as malic acid, lactic acid, formic acid, acetic acid, butyric acid, propionic acid, sorbic acid, etc., can significantly improve the growth and disease resistance of fish and shrimp. They can acidify the cytoplasm, inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria, and thus promote the growth of shrimp and increase their resistance. Some acid mixtures can enhance the protection of the hepatopancreas of shrimp and improve their ability to resist vibrio attack. Acids can significantly improve the form, palatability, and nutritional level of feed, which helps to improve the appetite of fish and shrimp. Acids have a positive impact on the intestinal ph value, digestive enzyme activity, nutrient utilization, and hepatopancreas development of fish and shrimp.

[0055] Therefore, fish and shrimp bred by this method have rich nutritional value, and compared with existing traditional fish and shrimp, they have better effects on recovering the strength of people with high physical load after eating. Water products with special fruit aroma are more loved by consumers, have good market prospects, and high economic benefits.

[0056] The breeding method is not limited to breeding loach and white shrimp, but can be used in other fish and shrimp breeding industries.

[0057] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and are not intended to limit the present application; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions recorded in the above embodiments can be modified, or some or all of the technical features can be replaced by equivalents; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A new type of fruit-flavored aquatic integrated recirculating aquaculture method, characterized by It comprises the following steps: A. Sterilization and disinfection treatment is performed on the breeding and pickling pool of the original fruit brine and the modulated water body; B. The original fruit brine produced during the pickling of fresh fruits is taken, the salt content of the original fruit brine is 25-30‰, and the PH value is 1.5-2; the original fruit brine is best for pickling green plums; C. The original fruit brine is filtered by a filter screen to remove coarse impurities; D. After the filtered original fruit brine, CaO is added for neutralization reaction, and uninterrupted aeration is performed; the weight ratio of the filtered original fruit brine to the added CaO is 50kg:1.5-2g; the uninterrupted aeration time is 3-5 days; E. At the same time as step D, algae are added to the water body, and bacteria are inoculated, and photosynthesis is performed by the algae; when the light conditions do not meet the photosynthesis of the algae, artificial light intervention is performed; the addition amount of the algae is 1-2g / ton of water body, the inoculation amount is the same as the amount of the added algae, and the water body temperature is controlled at 25-30℃; F. At the same time as step D, trace elements are added to the water body; G. After the neutralization reaction, the water body PH value reaches 6.5-9, after the uninterrupted aeration and the photosynthesis of the algae, the water body dissolved oxygen reaches 3-9mg / L, and then water injection dilution is performed; H. After the water injection dilution, the salt content is reduced to 5-15‰, the water injection is stopped, and the modulated water body is formed; the ammonia nitrogen in the modulated water body is controlled to be below 0.2mg / L, and the nitrite is controlled to be below 0.03mg / L; I. The modulated water body is used for the first time for breeding, and aquatic seedlings are inoculated for primary training breeding; the brine shrimp is cultured 2-3 days before the seedlings are inoculated; J. After the aquatic seedlings adapt to the growth environment, the seedlings are separated and kept in a circle for the whole process, until the commodity fish and shrimp are bred, and then the commodity fish and shrimp are caught by netting; K. During the breeding of aquatic products, the breeding water body is extracted in a timely and quantitative manner, and an equal amount of modulated water body is added, and 20-30% of the breeding water body is extracted for circulation every day.

2. The new type of fruit-flavored water product integrated circulation aquaculture method according to claim 1, characterized in that The algae include chlorella, green algae, and diatoms; the bacteria include EM bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, and vibrio; and the trace elements include calcium ions, magnesium ions, and potassium ions.

3. The new type of fruit-flavored water product integrated circulation aquaculture method according to claim 1, characterized in that The extracted breeding water body is physically filtered, the bacteria and algae are expanded, and the water body with low ammonia nitrogen and low nitrite is formed through biochemical treatment, and then the water body is flowed into the modulated water body for reuse.