Electrochromic device and display apparatus

Abstract

This application discloses an electrochromic device and display apparatus, relating to the field of electrochromic technology, which can improve the display effect of display devices. The electrochromic device of this application includes a first electrode, a second electrode, an electrochromic layer, an electrolyte layer, and an ion storage layer. The first electrode and the second electrode are disposed opposite to each other and are used to connect to a power source. The electrochromic layer is disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode and is in contact with the first electrode. The electrolyte layer is disposed between the electrochromic layer and the second electrode and is unidirectionally conductive. The ion storage layer is disposed between the electrolyte layer and the second electrode and is in contact with the second electrode. This application can be used to fabricate electrochromic devices.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of electrochromic technology, and more particularly to an electrochromic device and display apparatus. Background Technology

[0002] Electrochromism refers to the phenomenon where a material, under the influence of an external electric field, undergoes a reversible change between a colored state and a bleached state by injecting or extracting charges (ions or electrons). This manifests as a reversible change in color and transparency. Materials exhibiting electrochromic properties are called electrochromic materials, and devices assembled using electrochromic materials are called electrochromic devices. Electrochromic devices typically employ a sandwich structure, where an electrochromic layer, an electrolyte layer, and an ion storage layer are assembled between opposing first and second electrodes.

[0003] A prior art display device includes multiple electrochromic devices arranged in multiple rows and columns. The first electrodes of the multiple electrochromic devices located in the same row are interconnected to form a row electrode; the second electrodes of the multiple electrochromic devices located in the same column are interconnected to form a column electrode.

[0004] However, when the display device drives one of the electrochromic devices to change color, multiple electrochromic devices adjacent to that electrochromic device will also change color slightly, resulting in a poor display effect. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides an electrochromic device and a display apparatus that can improve the display effect of the display apparatus.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this application adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] On one hand, embodiments of this application provide an electrochromic device, which includes a first electrode, a second electrode, an electrochromic layer, an electrolyte layer, and an ion storage layer.

[0008] The first electrode and the second electrode are disposed opposite to each other and are used to connect to a power source. The electrochromic layer is disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode and is in contact with the first electrode. The electrolyte layer is disposed between the electrochromic layer and the second electrode, and the electrolyte layer is unidirectionally conductive. The ion storage layer is disposed between the electrolyte layer and the second electrode and is in contact with the second electrode.

[0009] In some embodiments, the electrolyte layer includes a first sub-electrolyte layer and a second sub-electrolyte layer. The first sub-electrolyte layer includes a first polymer, and a first ion and a second ion with opposite charges, wherein the first ion is bound to the first polymer, and the second ion is in a free state. The second sub-electrolyte layer includes a second polymer, and a third ion and a fourth ion with opposite charges, wherein the third ion is bound to the second polymer, and the fourth ion is in a free state. The second ion and the fourth ion have opposite charges.

[0010] In some embodiments, the first sub-electrolyte layer is disposed between the second sub-electrolyte layer and the electrochromic layer. The first ion is a cation, the second ion is an anion, the third ion is an anion, and the fourth ion is a cation.

[0011] In some embodiments, the first sub-electrolyte layer comprises 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium (3-thiopropyl) acrylate, and the second sub-electrolyte layer comprises 1-vinyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide salt.

[0012] In some embodiments, the first sub-electrolyte layer further includes an ion-conducting material for providing ion channels. And / or, the second sub-electrolyte layer further includes an ion-conducting material for providing ion channels.

[0013] In some embodiments, the ion-conducting material includes at least one of acrylic-terminated hyperbranched polyester, polyvinyl alcohol, polymethyl methacrylate, and polyethylene glycol diacrylate.

[0014] In some embodiments, the material of the electrochromic layer includes at least one of transition metal oxides, polymers such as polypyrrole, polythiophene, polyaniline, violet, Prussian blue, and their derivatives.

[0015] In some embodiments, the material of the first electrode comprises indium tin oxide and / or a metal. And / or, the material of the second electrode comprises indium tin oxide and / or a metal.

[0016] The electrochromic device provided in this embodiment includes a first electrode, an electrochromic layer, an electrolyte layer, an ion storage layer, and a second electrode stacked sequentially. The electrolyte layer is unidirectionally conductive. That is, when a forward voltage is applied to the electrochromic device, ions in the electrolyte layer can move and enter the electrochromic layer and the ion storage layer, at which point the electrolyte layer becomes conductive. When a reverse voltage is applied to the electrochromic device, ions that have entered the electrochromic layer or the ion storage layer will retreat back into the electrolyte layer, but ions in the electrolyte layer cannot enter the electrochromic layer and the ion storage layer under the influence of the reverse voltage, at which point the electrolyte layer becomes non-conductive. The forward and reverse voltages are in opposite directions. The entry and exit of ions into the electrochromic layer and the ion storage layer enables the coloring and fading of the electrochromic device. However, under the influence of the reverse voltage, ions in the electrolyte layer cannot enter the electrochromic layer and the ion storage layer to cause the electrochromic device to change color.

[0017] When the aforementioned electrochromic device array is arranged and applied to a display device, and one of the electrochromic devices is driven to change color using a driving voltage (forward voltage), the electrochromic devices adjacent to that device can be considered as multiple capacitors connected in series. One or more electrochromic devices in this series path are in the opposite state to the driven electrochromic device and are subject to interference from a reverse voltage. Because ions in the electrolyte layer cannot enter the electrochromic layer and ion storage layer under the influence of the reverse voltage, this disrupts the aforementioned path, preventing the electrochromic devices in the path from changing color. This improves the display effect of the display device.

[0018] On the other hand, embodiments of this application also provide a display device, including at least one electrochromic device as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0019] In some embodiments, the display device includes a plurality of electrochromic devices arranged in multiple rows and columns. Each row includes a plurality of electrochromic devices arranged along a first direction, and each column includes a plurality of electrochromic devices arranged along a second direction, wherein the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular. A plurality of first electrodes of the electrochromic devices in the same row extend along and are connected in the first direction, and a plurality of second electrodes of the electrochromic devices in the same column extend along and are connected in the second direction.

[0020] The display device of this application embodiment has the same beneficial effects as the electrochromic device provided by the above technical solution, and will not be described again here. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0022] Figure 1 Structural diagrams of electrochromic devices provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0023] Figure 2 Structural diagrams of electrochromic devices provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0024] Figure 3 Structural diagrams of electrochromic devices provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0025] Figure 4 Structural diagrams of the first sub-electrolyte layer provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0026] Figure 5 Structural diagrams of the second sub-electrolyte layer provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0027] Figure 6 Structural diagrams of electrochromic devices provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0028] Figure 7 Structural diagrams of electrochromic devices provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0029] Figure 8 Structural diagrams of electrochromic devices provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0030] Figure 9 Structural diagrams of electrochromic devices provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0031] Figure 10 Structural diagrams of electrochromic devices provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0032] Figure 11 This is a structural diagram of a display device provided in some embodiments of this application.

[0033] Figure label:

[0034] 100-Electrochromic device; 200-Display device; 1-First electrode; 2-Second electrode; 3-Electrochromic layer; 4-Electrolyte layer; 41-First sub-electrolyte layer; 42-Second sub-electrolyte layer; 5-Ion storage layer; 6-First substrate; 7-Second substrate. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0036] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0037] The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0038] It should be noted that in practical applications, due to limitations in equipment precision or installation errors, achieving absolute parallelism or perpendicularity is difficult. The descriptions of "perpendicular," "parallel," or "in the same direction" in this application are not absolute limitations, but rather indicate that a vertical or parallel structural arrangement can be achieved within a preset error range, achieving the corresponding preset effect. This maximizes the technical effect of the defined features and makes the corresponding technical solution easy to implement, possessing high feasibility. For example, "perpendicular" includes absolute perpendicularity and near-perpendicularity, where the acceptable deviation range for near-perpendicularity can be, for example, within 5°. "Parallel" includes absolute parallelism and near-parallelism, where the acceptable deviation range for near-parallelism can also be, for example, within 5°. "In the same direction" includes absolute same direction and near-same direction, where the acceptable deviation range for near-same direction can also be, for example, within 5°.

[0039] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection. They can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or a connection within two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0040] In embodiments of this application, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes that element.

[0041] In the embodiments of this application, the words "exemplarily" or "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations, or explanations. Any embodiment or design described as "exemplary" or "for example" in the embodiments of this application should not be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments or design solutions. Specifically, the use of the words "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present the relevant concepts in a specific manner.

[0042] With the development of electrochromic technology, electrochromic devices have been widely used in architectural glass, automotive color-changing smart windows, aircraft windows, automotive anti-glare rearview mirrors, color-changing glasses and displays, electronic tags and other fields due to their advantages such as no blind angles, low manufacturing cost, wide operating temperature range, low driving voltage and rich colors.

[0043] The electrochromic device comprises two electrode layers, and an electrochromic layer, an electrolyte layer, and an ion storage layer sequentially disposed between the two electrode layers. When a forward voltage is applied to the electrochromic device, the electrochromic layer undergoes an oxidation or reduction reaction, causing a color change; when a reverse voltage is applied to the electrochromic device, the electrochromic layer undergoes a reduction or oxidation reaction, causing the electrochromic device to change its own color. It should be noted that the forward and reverse voltages are in opposite directions.

[0044] During the color-changing and fading processes, the substrate used for the electrode layer provides support, and the electrode layer is electrically connected to an external power source to provide a forward or reverse voltage to the electrochromic device. The electrolyte layer facilitates ion transport within the electrochromic device and also provides cations and anions to the electrochromic layer to maintain its electroneutrality. The ion storage layer stores counterions, enabling the device's memory effect.

[0045] A prior art display device includes multiple electrochromic devices arranged in multiple rows and columns. The first electrodes of the multiple electrochromic devices located in the same row are interconnected to form a row electrode; the second electrodes of the multiple electrochromic devices located in the same column are interconnected to form a column electrode.

[0046] However, when the aforementioned display device drives one of the electrochromic devices to change color, the electrochromic devices located in the row adjacent to the electrochromic device and in the column adjacent to the electrochromic device will sense a voltage in the opposite direction to the driving voltage, resulting in a slight color change and a poor display effect.

[0047] Based on this, see Figure 1 This application provides an electrochromic device 100, which includes a first electrode 1, a second electrode 2, an electrochromic layer 3, an electrolyte layer 4, and an ion storage layer 5.

[0048] The first electrode 1 and the second electrode 2 are arranged opposite to each other and are used to connect to a power source. When the first electrode 1 is connected to the positive terminal of the power source, the second electrode 2 is connected to the negative terminal of the power source; when the first electrode 1 is connected to the negative terminal of the power source, the second electrode 2 is connected to the positive terminal of the power source.

[0049] For example, the material of the first electrode 1 includes indium tin oxide and / or a metal, which can be selected according to the actual situation, and this disclosure does not make a specific limitation thereto. Similarly, the material of the second electrode 2 includes indium tin oxide and / or a metal, which can be selected according to the actual situation, and this disclosure does not make a specific limitation thereto.

[0050] Based on this, such as Figure 1 As shown, the electrochromic layer 3 is disposed between the first electrode 1 and the second electrode 2, and is in contact with the first electrode 1. The electrolyte layer 4 is disposed between the electrochromic layer 3 and the second electrode 2, and the electrolyte layer 4 is unidirectionally conductive. The ion storage layer 5 is disposed between the electrolyte layer 4 and the second electrode 2, and is in contact with the second electrode 2. That is, the first electrode 1, the electrochromic layer 3, the electrolyte layer 4, the ion storage layer 5, and the second electrode 2 are sequentially stacked. It can be understood that, as... Figure 2 As shown, the electrochromic device 100 can also be constructed by sequentially stacking the second electrode 2, the electrochromic layer 3, the electrolyte layer 4, the ion storage layer 5, and the first electrode 1. The specific arrangement can be chosen based on actual circumstances, and this disclosure does not impose any specific limitations.

[0051] For example, see Figure 2 The electrochromic layer 3 is made of at least one of transition metal oxides, polymers such as polypyrrole, polythiophene, polyaniline, violet, Prussian blue, and their derivatives. The specific material can be selected based on actual conditions, and this disclosure does not impose any specific limitations.

[0052] The electrochromic device 100 provided in this embodiment includes a first electrode 1, an electrochromic layer 3, an electrolyte layer 4, an ion storage layer 5, and a second electrode 2 stacked sequentially. The electrolyte layer 4 is unidirectionally conductive. That is, when a positive voltage is applied to the electrochromic device 100, ions in the electrolyte layer 4 can move and enter the electrochromic layer 3 and the ion storage layer 5, at which point the electrolyte layer 4 becomes conductive. When a reverse voltage is applied to the electrochromic device 100, ions that have entered the electrochromic layer 3 or the ion storage layer 5 will retreat back into the electrolyte layer 4, but ions in the electrolyte layer 4 cannot enter the electrochromic layer 3 and the ion storage layer 5 under the influence of the reverse voltage, at which point the electrolyte layer 4 becomes non-conductive. The forward and reverse voltages are in opposite directions. The entry and exit of ions into and from the electrochromic layer 3 and the ion storage layer 5 enables the coloring and fading of the electrochromic device 100. However, under the action of reverse voltage, ions in the electrolyte layer 4 cannot enter the electrochromic layer 3 and the ion storage layer 5 to make the electrochromic device 100 change color.

[0053] When the aforementioned electrochromic devices 100 are arranged in an array and applied to a display device 200, and one of the electrochromic devices 100 is driven to change color using a driving voltage (forward voltage), the electrochromic devices 100 adjacent to that one can be considered as multiple capacitors connected in series. One or more electrochromic devices 100 in this series path are in the opposite state to the driven electrochromic device 100 and are subject to interference from the reverse voltage. Because ions in the electrolyte layer 4 cannot enter the electrochromic layer 3 and the ion storage layer 5 under the action of the reverse voltage, the aforementioned path is interrupted, preventing the electrochromic devices 100 in the path from changing color. This improves the display effect of the display device 200.

[0054] In some embodiments, see Figure 3 The electrolyte layer 4 includes a first sub-electrolyte layer 41 and a second sub-electrolyte layer 42.

[0055] Among them, such as Figure 4 As shown, the first sub-electrolyte layer 41 includes a first polymer, and first ions and second ions with opposite charges. The first ions are bound to the first polymer, while the second ions are in a free state. Thus, under the influence of the driving voltage, the first ions cannot move freely due to the binding effect of the first polymer. In other words, under the influence of the driving voltage, the first ions within the first sub-electrolyte layer 41 cannot move freely; only the second ions can move freely.

[0056] It should be noted that when a voltage opposite to the driving voltage is applied to the electrochromic device 100, the second ions cannot pass through the interface between the first sub-electrolyte layer 41 and the second sub-electrolyte layer 42 and enter the second sub-electrolyte layer 42.

[0057] In addition, such as Figure 5 As shown, the second sub-electrolyte layer 42 includes a second polymer, and third and fourth ions with opposite charges. The third ions are bound to the second polymer, while the fourth ions are in a free state. Thus, under the influence of the driving voltage, the third ions cannot move freely due to the binding effect of the second polymer. In other words, under the influence of the driving voltage, the third ions within the second sub-electrolyte layer 42 cannot move freely; only the fourth ions can move freely.

[0058] It should be noted that when a voltage opposite to the driving voltage is applied to the electrochromic device 100, the fourth ion cannot pass through the interface between the first sub-electrolyte layer 41 and the second sub-electrolyte layer 42 and enter the first sub-electrolyte layer 41.

[0059] Based on this, the second and fourth ions have opposite electrical charges. That is, when the second ion is a cation, the fourth ion is an anion; and when the second ion is an anion, the fourth ion is a cation.

[0060] In this way, after the electrochromic device 100 is connected to a power source, under the action of the driving voltage, the second and fourth ions will enter the electrochromic layer 3 and the ion storage layer 5 respectively, causing the electrochromic device 100 to undergo a redox reaction and achieve coloring. When a voltage opposite to the driving voltage is provided to the electrochromic device 100, the second and fourth ions that have entered the electrochromic layer 3 and the ion storage layer 5 will retreat back to the first sub-electrolyte layer 41 and the second sub-electrolyte layer 42 respectively, causing the electrochromic device 100 to undergo a redox reaction and achieve fading. However, since the second and fourth ions that retreat back to the first sub-electrolyte layer 41 and the second sub-electrolyte layer 42 will remain in the first and second sub-electrolyte layers 41 and 42 respectively; and the first and third ions are bound by the first polymer and the second polymer respectively, they cannot move to the electrochromic layer 3 and the ion storage layer 5; therefore, the electrochromic device 100 cannot undergo a redox reaction. In this case, the electrochromic device 100 cannot achieve color change. Therefore, by applying the electrochromic device 100 to the display device 200, it is possible to prevent the electrochromic device 100 from changing color under the action of a voltage induced in the opposite direction to the driving voltage. In this way, the display effect of the display device 200 can be improved.

[0061] It should be noted that, as Figure 3As shown, the first sub-electrolyte layer 41 can be disposed between the second sub-electrolyte layer 42 and the electrochromic layer 3; as shown... Figure 6 As shown, the second sub-electrolyte layer 42 can also be disposed between the first sub-electrolyte layer 41 and the electrochromic layer 3. The specific choice can be made according to the actual situation, and this disclosure does not impose any specific limitations.

[0062] For example, such as Figure 3 As shown, the first sub-electrolyte layer 41 is disposed between the second sub-electrolyte layer 42 and the electrochromic layer 3. Furthermore, the first ion is a cation, the second ion is an anion, the third ion is an anion, and the fourth ion is a cation.

[0063] In some embodiments, see Figure 6 The first sub-electrolyte layer 41 comprises 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium (3-thiopropyl) acrylate, and the second sub-electrolyte layer 42 comprises 1-vinyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide salt. In this way, a gel-like state of the first sub-electrolyte layer 41 and the second sub-electrolyte layer 42 will be formed in the electrochromic device 100. This effectively prevents electrolyte from precipitating out from the boundary of the electrolyte layer 4, thus avoiding a decrease in the performance of the electrochromic device 100.

[0064] In some embodiments, see Figure 6 The first sub-electrolyte layer 41 also includes an ion-conducting material for providing ion channels. This facilitates the movement of second ions within the first sub-electrolyte layer 41, improving the conductivity of the electrolyte layer 4 and thus enhancing the performance of the electrochromic device 100.

[0065] Furthermore, the second sub-electrolyte layer 42 also includes an ion-conducting material for providing ion channels. This facilitates the movement of the fourth ion within the second sub-electrolyte layer 42, further improving the conductivity of the electrolyte layer 4 and thus enhancing the performance of the electrochromic device 100.

[0066] For example, the ion-conducting material includes at least one of acrylic-terminated hyperbranched polyester, polyvinyl alcohol, polymethyl methacrylate, and polyethylene glycol diacrylate. The specific material can be selected according to the actual situation, and this disclosure does not impose any specific limitations.

[0067] In some embodiments, see Figure 7 and Figure 8 The electrochromic device 100 further includes a first substrate 6 and a second substrate 7. The first substrate 6 is disposed on the side of the first electrode 1 away from the second electrode 2. The second substrate 7 is disposed on the side of the second electrode 2 away from the first electrode 1.

[0068] In this configuration, the first substrate 6 not only provides support and protection for the first electrode 1, but also helps to reduce the fabrication difficulty of the first electrode 1, thereby improving the fabrication efficiency of the electrochromic device 100. The second substrate 7 not only provides support and protection for the second electrode 2, but also helps to reduce the fabrication difficulty of the second electrode 2, thereby further improving the fabrication efficiency of the electrochromic device 100.

[0069] It is understandable that, such as Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, the first substrate 6 can also be disposed on the side of the second electrode 2 away from the first electrode 1. In this case, the second substrate 7 is disposed on the side of the first electrode 1 away from the second electrode 2.

[0070] For example, see Figure 8 The material of the first substrate 6 includes at least one of polyethylene terephthalate resin, glass, and polyimide, which can be selected according to actual conditions, and this disclosure does not impose specific limitations here. Similarly, the material of the second substrate 7 includes at least one of polyethylene terephthalate resin, glass, and polyimide, which can be selected according to actual conditions, and this disclosure does not impose specific limitations here.

[0071] See Figure 11 This application also provides a display device 200, which includes at least one electrochromic device 100 of any of the above embodiments.

[0072] The display device 200 of this application embodiment has the same beneficial effects as the electrochromic device 100 provided by the above technical solution, and will not be described again here.

[0073] In some embodiments, see Figure 3 and Figure 11 The display device 200 includes a plurality of electrochromic devices 100, which are arranged in multiple rows and columns. Each row includes a plurality of electrochromic devices 100 arranged along a first direction, and each column includes a plurality of electrochromic devices 100 arranged along a second direction, wherein the first and second directions are perpendicular. The plurality of first electrodes 1 of the electrochromic devices 100 located in the same row extend along the first direction and are connected, and the plurality of second electrodes 2 of the electrochromic devices 100 located in the same column extend along the second direction and are connected.

[0074] It should be noted that the electrochromic layer 3, electrolyte layer 4 and ion storage layer 5 of the electrochromic device 100 are located at the intersection of the row and column where the electrochromic device 100 is located.

[0075] Based on this, the electrochromic layers 3 of two adjacent electrochromic devices 100 are separated from each other. The electrolyte layers 4 of two adjacent electrochromic devices 100 can be separated from each other or connected to each other, depending on the actual situation; this disclosure does not impose specific limitations in this regard. The ion storage layers 5 of two adjacent electrochromic devices 100 can be separated from each other or connected to each other, depending on the actual situation; this disclosure does not impose specific limitations in this regard. Where the ion storage layers 5 of two adjacent electrochromic devices 100 are connected to each other, the material of the ion storage layer 5 is a non-conductive inorganic material.

[0076] In the description of this specification, specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0077] The above are merely specific embodiments of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of protection described in the claims.

Claims

1. An electrochromic device, characterized in that, include: A first electrode and a second electrode are positioned opposite each other, and the first electrode and the second electrode are used to connect to a power source. An electrochromic layer is disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode, and is in contact with the first electrode; An electrolyte layer is disposed between the electrochromic layer and the second electrode, and the electrolyte layer is unidirectionally conductive; An ion storage layer is disposed between the electrolyte layer and the second electrode, and is in contact with the second electrode; The electrolyte layer includes: The first sub-electrolyte layer includes a first polymer, and a first ion and a second ion with opposite charges. The first ion is bound to the first polymer, and the second ion is in a free state. The second sub-electrolyte layer includes a second polymer, and a third ion and a fourth ion with opposite charges, wherein the third ion is bound to the second polymer and the fourth ion is in a free state; The second ion and the fourth ion have opposite electrical charges.

2. The electrochromic device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first sub-electrolyte layer is disposed between the second sub-electrolyte layer and the electrochromic layer; the first ion is a cation, the second ion is an anion, the third ion is an anion, and the fourth ion is a cation.

3. The electrochromic device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first sub-electrolyte layer comprises 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium (3-thiopropyl) acrylate; the second sub-electrolyte layer comprises 1-vinyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide salt.

4. The electrochromic device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first sub-electrolyte layer further includes an ion-conducting material for providing ion channels; and / or, the second sub-electrolyte layer further includes an ion-conducting material for providing ion channels.

5. The electrochromic device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The ion-conducting material includes at least one of acrylic-terminated hyperbranched polyester, polyvinyl alcohol, polymethyl methacrylate, and polyethylene glycol diacrylate.

6. The electrochromic device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electrochromic layer is made of at least one of transition metal oxides, polymers such as polypyrrole, polythiophene, polyaniline, violet, Prussian blue, and their derivatives.

7. The electrochromic device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The material of the first electrode includes indium tin oxide and / or metal; and / or, the material of the second electrode includes indium tin oxide and / or metal.

8. A display device, characterized in that, It includes at least one electrochromic device as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. The display device according to claim 8, characterized in that, It includes multiple electrochromic devices, which are arranged in multiple rows and columns; each row includes multiple electrochromic devices arranged along a first direction, and each column includes multiple electrochromic devices arranged along a second direction, wherein the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular. In this configuration, multiple first electrodes of multiple electrochromic devices located in the same row extend along a first direction and are connected, and multiple second electrodes of multiple electrochromic devices located in the same column extend along a second direction and are connected.

Images