Centrifuge and its basket mounting structure

Abstract

The application provides a centrifugal machine and a hanging basket mounting structure thereof, and relates to the technical field of centrifugal machines. The centrifugal machine hanging basket mounting structure comprises a rotating arm and a hanging basket moving mechanism arranged at one end of the rotating arm and capable of moving the hanging basket radially outward gradually as the hanging basket swings outward. The hanging basket is hung on the hanging basket moving mechanism through a rotating shaft. A first limiting surface is arranged on the hanging basket. A second limiting surface is arranged on the rotating arm and located on the outer side of the first limiting surface. The second limiting surface is used for abutting and cooperating with the first limiting surface to limit the radial movement of the hanging basket. An initial support is slidably embedded in the first limiting surface along the radial direction of the rotating shaft and capable of extending out of or retracting into the first limiting surface. A first elastic member is arranged on the inner side of the initial support to keep the initial support in the extended state. When the initial support is in the extended state, the outer end of the initial support is located on the inner side of the second limiting surface.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of centrifuges, in particular to a centrifuge and a basket mounting structure thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] A soil centrifuge is a test device for physical simulation test of geotechnical engineering. The soil centrifuge mainly comprises a basket and a rotating arm mounted on a frame, and the basket is mounted at one end of the rotating arm. At present, the basket of the soil centrifuge has two kinds of mounting structures, i.e. a fixed type and a swing type.

[0003] In the swing type basket mounting structure, the basket swings around a rotating shaft. If the rotating shaft bears the whole centrifugal force of the basket, in order to overcome the heavy load centrifugal force, the rotating shaft and the bearing seat need to be increased, which reduces the effective capacity of the basket, and is not suitable for the soil centrifuge with large capacity and heavy load centrifugal force. In order to overcome the heavy load centrifugal force and reduce the centrifugal force borne by the rotating shaft, an existing technology provides a basket moving mechanism which is provided at one end of the rotating arm and can move the basket radially outward as the basket swings outward. The basket is hoisted on the basket moving mechanism through the rotating shaft, a first limiting surface for limiting the radial outward movement of the basket is arranged on the basket, and a second limiting surface for limiting the radial movement of the basket is arranged on the rotating arm and located outside the first limiting surface. The basket mounting structure is provided. The basket moving mechanism mainly adopts an eccentric shaft mechanism. In this way, the basket can be gradually moved radially outward through the eccentric shaft mechanism under the action of the centrifugal force during the swinging around the rotating shaft, so that the first limiting surface gradually approaches the second limiting surface. When the basket swings to a certain angle, the first limiting surface can only abut against the second limiting surface. At this time, the centrifugal force of the basket is mainly transmitted to the rotating arm through the first limiting surface and the second limiting surface, and the stress on the rotating shaft is small. However, in the existing basket mounting structure, before the first limiting surface of the basket abuts against the second limiting surface, the centrifugal force of the basket is still mainly transmitted to the rotating arm through the rotating shaft, and the stress on the rotating shaft during the swinging of the basket is still relatively large. SUMMARY

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present application is to provide a centrifuge with small stress on the rotating shaft and a basket mounting structure thereof which is more suitable for heavy load.

[0005] The technical scheme adopted by the present application to solve its technical problems is: a centrifuge basket mounting structure, comprising a rotating arm and a basket moving mechanism arranged at one end of the rotating arm and capable of moving the basket gradually radially outward as the basket swings outward, the basket being hung on the basket moving mechanism through a rotating shaft, the basket being provided with a first limiting surface, the rotating arm being provided with a second limiting surface located outside the first limiting surface and used for abutting against the first limiting surface to limit the radial movement of the basket, and further comprising an initial support member slidingly embedded in the first limiting surface along the radial direction of the rotating shaft and capable of extending out of or retracting into the first limiting surface, the inner side of the initial support member being provided with a first elastic member for keeping the initial support member in the extended state, and the outer end of the initial support member being located inside the second limiting surface when the initial support member is in the extended state.

[0006] Further, the basket moving mechanism comprises a basket mounting block and a second elastic member, the basket mounting block being arranged at one end of the rotating arm and being slidingly connected to the rotating arm along the radial direction of the rotating track circle of the rotating arm, and the second elastic member being arranged between the rotating arm and the basket mounting block to reset the basket mounting block, and the basket being hung on the basket mounting block through the rotating shaft.

[0007] Further, the first limiting surface is an arc surface with the center of the rotating shaft as the center, and the second limiting surface is arranged in adaptation with the first limiting surface.

[0008] Further, the initial support member comprises a sliding block and a roller for rolling cooperation with the second limiting surface, the sliding block being slidingly embedded in the first limiting surface along the radial direction of the rotating shaft, the roller being rotatably mounted at the outer end of the sliding block, and the first elastic member being connected with the sliding block.

[0009] Further, the rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the basket mounting block through a knuckle bearing.

[0010] Further, the first elastic member and the second elastic member are both disc springs.

[0011] A centrifuge, comprising a frame, a rotating arm and a basket, the rotating arm being rotatably connected to the frame through a main shaft, and the basket being mounted on the rotating arm by using the centrifuge basket mounting structure described above.

[0012] The centrifuge and the basket mounting structure thereof have the following beneficial effects: in the process of swinging outward of the basket, the outer end of the initial support member will contact the first limiting surface and the second limiting surface first, so that a part of the centrifugal force can be transmitted to the rotating arm through the initial support member and the second limiting surface, thereby reducing the centrifugal force borne by the rotating shaft, more favorably ensuring the effective capacity of the basket, and being more suitable for a soil centrifuge with large capacity and heavy load. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 is a schematic view of the basket mounting structure of the present application;

[0014] Figure 2 is a partial top view schematic diagram of Figure 1 ;

[0015] Figure 3 is an enlarged view of A of Figure 1 ;

[0016] Figure 4 is an enlarged view of B of Figure 1 ;

[0017] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the mounting structure of the rotating shaft;

[0018] The figure shows: rotating arm 1, hanging basket 2, hanging basket moving mechanism 3, top rod 4, initial support 5, first elastic member 6, main shaft 7, frame 8, second limiting surface 11, rotating shaft 21, first limiting surface 22, hanging basket mounting block 31, second elastic member 32, joint bearing 33. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The application is further described below in conjunction with the drawings and examples.

[0020] As shown in Figures 1 to 2 , the centrifuge of the application comprises a frame 8, a rotating arm 1 and a hanging basket 2, the rotating arm 1 is rotationally connected with the frame 8 through the main shaft 7 in the middle of the rotating arm 1, and the hanging basket 2 is installed at one end of the rotating arm 1. The up-down structure is the same as the existing centrifuge structure. In order to overcome the problem of large stress on the rotating shaft of the existing swing type hanging basket, the centrifuge hanging basket of the application adopts the following mounting structure: centrifuge hanging basket mounting structure, comprising a rotating arm 1 and a hanging basket moving mechanism 3 arranged at one end of the rotating arm 1 and capable of moving the hanging basket 2 radially outward as the hanging basket 2 swings outward, the hanging basket 2 is hung on the hanging basket moving mechanism 3 through the rotating shaft 21, so that the hanging basket 2 can swing around the rotating shaft 21, the hanging basket 2 is provided with a first limiting surface 22 for limiting the radial outward movement of the hanging basket, the rotating arm 1 is provided with a second limiting surface 11 located outside the first limiting surface 22 for abutting with the first limiting surface 22 to limit the radial outward movement of the hanging basket 2; the mounting structure further comprises an initial support 5 which is slidably embedded in the first limiting surface 22 along the radial direction of the rotating shaft 21 and can be extended or retracted in the first limiting surface 22, the initial support 5 can be one or more, the inner side of the initial support 5 is provided with a first elastic member 6 for keeping the initial support 5 in the extended state, and the outer end of the initial support 5 is located inside the second limiting surface 11 when the initial support 5 is in the extended state. The first limiting surface 22 is generally formed by the bottom surface of the hanging basket.

[0021] The basket moving mechanism 3 can adopt an existing eccentric shaft mechanism, i.e. the rotating shaft 21 is fixed on the eccentric shaft or is integrated with the eccentric shaft. In this way, in the process of the basket swinging out, the basket drives the eccentric shaft to rotate, so that the basket gradually moves radially outward in the process of swinging out.

[0022] The first limiting surface 22 and the second limiting surface 11 can be various shapes, such as straight surfaces, curved surfaces, etc. In order to facilitate the rotation of the basket, preferably, the first limiting surface 22 is an arc surface with the center of the rotating shaft 21 as the center, and the second limiting surface 11 is arranged in matching with the first limiting surface 22. The second limiting surface 11 is matched with the first limiting surface 22, i.e. the shape of the second limiting surface 11 is set according to the shape of the first limiting surface 22, and is also an arc surface with the same shape.

[0023] As shown in Figure 1 , Figure 2 , when the centrifuge of the present application works, the rotating arm 1 is driven to rotate around the main shaft 7 by the driving mechanism, and the basket 2 is driven to rotate together with the rotating arm 1 in the process of rotating. In the process of rotating, the basket 2 will swing out around the rotating shaft 21 under the action of the centrifugal force (in the direction away from the main shaft 7), and the basket 2 will gradually move outward along the radial direction of the track of swinging out through the basket moving mechanism 3, so that the first limiting surface 22 gradually approaches and abuts on the second limiting surface 11, and the centrifugal force of the basket is mainly transmitted to the rotating arm through the first limiting surface and the first limiting surface. In the present application, the initial support 5 is arranged on the first limiting surface 22, and the outer end of the initial support 5 is located inside the second limiting surface 11 when the initial support 5 is in the extended state. In this way, in the process of the basket swinging out, the outer end of the initial support 5 will contact the second limiting surface 11 before the first limiting surface 22. In this way, part of the centrifugal force can be transmitted to the rotating arm 1 through the initial support 5 and the second limiting surface 11, so that the centrifugal force acting on the rotating shaft 21 can be reduced, which is more conducive to ensuring the effective capacity of the basket, and is more suitable for large-capacity heavy-load centrifugal soil centrifuges. Since the contact area between the initial support 5 and the second limiting surface 11 is small, the friction therebetween is not enough to prevent the basket from continuing to swing up. As the rotating speed of the rotating arm increases, the centrifugal force of the basket increases, the basket continues to swing out and moves outward in the radial direction through the basket moving mechanism 3, and the basket continues to move outward, which causes the initial support 5 to compress the first elastic member 6 and gradually retract into the first limiting surface 22, so that the first limiting surface 22 moves outward and contacts the second limiting surface 11. When the first limiting surface 22 contacts the second limiting surface 11, the limiting area between the basket and the second limiting surface increases, and the friction increases significantly. When the centrifugal force of the basket cannot overcome the sliding friction, the basket will no longer continue to swing up.

[0024] As shown in Figure 3As shown, in the present application, the basket moving mechanism 3 comprises a basket mounting block 31 and a second elastic member 32, the basket mounting block 31 is arranged at one end of the rotating arm 1 and is slidably connected to the rotating arm 1 along the radial direction of the rotating track circle of the rotating arm 1, the second elastic member 32 is arranged between the rotating arm 1 and the basket mounting block 3 to reset the basket mounting block 3, the basket 2 is hung on the basket mounting block 31 through the rotating shaft 21. When the rotating arm 1 is in a straight rod shape, the radial direction of the rotating track circle of the rotating arm 1 is the length direction of the rotating arm 1; when the rotating arm is in a disc shape, the radial direction of the rotating track circle of the rotating arm 1 is the radial direction of the rotating arm 1.

[0025] When the centrifuge is working, the centrifugal force component of the basket 2 during the outward swinging of the basket makes the basket mounting block 31 slide outward along the radial direction of the rotating track circle of the rotating arm 1 to overcome the elastic force of the second elastic member 32, and then the basket moves radially. With the increase of the centrifugal force of the basket, the swinging angle of the basket becomes larger, the centrifugal force component of the basket mounting block 31 becomes larger, and the distance of the outward sliding of the basket mounting block 31 becomes farther, so that the basket 2 gradually moves outward radially with the outward swinging of the basket 2. Compared with the eccentric shaft mechanism of the basket moving mechanism 3, the above structure cooperates with the initial support 5 and the first elastic member 6 to obtain a larger basket swing angle. When the swing angle of the basket is closer to the horizontal, the state of the centrifugal force of the model is more consistent with the state of only gravity, and the test result is more accurate. When the rotating arm stops rotating, the basket swings downward under the action of gravity to return to the original position, and the basket mounting block 31 slides inward along the radial direction of the rotating track circle of the rotating arm 1 under the action of the second elastic member 32 to return to the original position.

[0026] Specifically, when the initial support 5 contacts the second limiting surface 11, the basket mounting block 31 and the basket 2 need to further compress the first elastic member 6 and the second elastic member 32 to move and gradually swing upward, so that the basket mounting block 31 is not easy to slide outward during the subsequent upward swinging of the basket, thereby the swing angle of the basket can be larger.

[0027] It can be understood that when the initial support 5 contacts the second limiting surface, the smaller the friction between the initial support 5 and the second limiting surface, the more conducive to the upward swinging of the basket. The initial support 5 column can adopt a pin, and in order to reduce the friction, the outer end of the pin can be roundly arranged. For example, Figure 4As shown, the initial support 5 includes a sliding block 51 and a roller 52 for rolling fit with the second limiting surface 11, the sliding block 51 is slidingly embedded in the first limiting surface 22 along the radial direction of the rotating shaft 21, the roller 5 is rotatably installed at the outer end (the end away from the rotating shaft) of the sliding block 51, the first elastic member 6 is connected with the sliding block 51, and the first elastic member 6 is generally arranged at the inner side of the sliding block 51. In this way, the initial support 5 is in abutting fit with the second limiting surface 11 through the roller 52, and the initial support 5 and the second limiting surface 11 are in rolling friction during the upward movement of the basket, and the friction is smaller, which is more conducive to the upward movement of the basket.

[0028] The first elastic member 6 and the second elastic member 32 can specifically adopt various existing springs, such as rubber springs, steel springs, gas springs, disc springs, etc. In the embodiment of the present application, the first elastic member 6 and the second elastic member 32 both adopt disc springs, which can directly or through the top rod 4 abut against the corresponding parts.

[0029] The basket 2 is hung on the basket mounting block 31 through the rotating shaft 21, and specifically, the rotating shaft 21 can be rotatably connected with the basket mounting block 31 through a bearing or directly. Figure 5 As shown, the rotating shaft 21 is rotatably connected with the basket mounting block 31 through a joint bearing 33. In this way, when the first limiting surface of the basket 2 contacts with the second limiting surface, it can produce a certain adaptive deflection through the joint bearing 33, so as to ensure that the first limiting surface better fits with the second limiting surface, thereby better transmitting force.

Claims

1. A centrifuge basket mounting structure, comprising a rotating arm (1) and a basket moving mechanism (3) disposed at one end of the rotating arm (1) and capable of moving the basket (2) radially outward as the basket (2) swings outward, wherein the basket (2) is suspended on the basket moving mechanism (3) via a rotating shaft (21), the basket (2) is provided with a first limiting surface (22), and the rotating arm (1) is provided with a second limiting surface (11) located outside the first limiting surface (22) for abutting and cooperating with the first limiting surface (22) to restrict the radial outward movement of the basket (2), characterized in that: An initial support (5) is slidably embedded in the first limiting surface (22) along the radial direction of the rotating shaft (21) and can be extended or retracted from the first limiting surface (22), the inner side of the initial support (5) is provided with a first elastic member (6) for keeping the initial support (5) in an extended state, and the outer end of the initial support (5) is located inside the second limiting surface (11) when it is in the extended state.

2. The centrifuge basket mounting structure as claimed in claim 1, characterized by: The basket moving mechanism (3) comprises a basket mounting block (31) and a second elastic member (32), the basket mounting block (31) is arranged at one end of the rotating arm (1) and is slidably connected outward along the radial direction of the rotating track circle of the rotating arm (1), the second elastic member (32) is arranged between the rotating arm (1) and the basket mounting block (31) to reset the basket mounting block (31), and the basket (2) is hung on the basket mounting block (31) through the rotating shaft (21).

3. The centrifuge basket mounting structure according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by: The first limiting surface (22) is an arc surface with the center of the rotating shaft (21) as the center, and the second limiting surface (11) is adaptively arranged with the first limiting surface (22).

4. The centrifuge basket mounting structure as claimed in claim 3, characterized by: The initial support (5) comprises a sliding block (51) and a roller (52) for rolling cooperation with the second limiting surface (11), the sliding block (51) is slidably embedded in the first limiting surface (22) along the radial direction of the rotating shaft (21), the roller (52) is rotatably installed at the outer end of the sliding block (51), and the first elastic member (6) is connected with the sliding block (51).

5. The centrifuge basket mounting structure as claimed in claim 2, wherein: The rotating shaft (21) is rotatably connected with the basket mounting block (31) through a joint bearing (33).

6. The centrifuge basket mounting structure as claimed in claim 2, wherein: The first elastic member (6) and the second elastic member (32) are both disc springs.

7. A centrifuge characterised by: The centrifuge comprises a frame (8), a rotating arm (1) and a basket (2), the rotating arm (1) is rotatably connected with the frame (8) through a main shaft (7), and the basket (2) is mounted on the rotating arm (1) by using the centrifuge basket mounting structure according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

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