A method, apparatus, vehicle and storage medium for charging a vehicle

Abstract

The application provides a vehicle charging method, device, vehicle and storage medium. The method comprises the following steps: before a charging pile and a vehicle establish a connection and the charging pile and the vehicle enter an electric energy transmission stage, performing packet communication with the charging pile based on a target voltage value preset for a charging port of the vehicle, and adjusting a port voltage of the charging port to the target voltage value, so that the charging pile can detect that a preset condition for entering the electric energy transmission stage is met; after entering the electric energy transmission stage, determining a charging mode matched with an output capacity parameter of the charging pile according to the output capacity parameter; controlling the vehicle to enter the charging mode, and controlling a main relay connected with a power battery pack in the vehicle to be closed, so that the charging pile charges the vehicle. The method can reduce the number of communications between the vehicle and the charging pile, and is compatible with different charging modes of the power battery.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of vehicles, and more particularly, to a method and device for charging a vehicle, a vehicle and a storage medium. BACKGROUND

[0002] At present, most of the domestic electric vehicle voltage platforms still stay between 400V-600V, and the 800V voltage platform charging scheme is an improvement over the traditional 400V-600V voltage platform, and the voltage is generally above 750V.

[0003] At present, most of the electric vehicles on the market still have a voltage platform of 400V. The 800V voltage platform and the 800V vehicle-mounted high-voltage component industry chain are not perfect in the short term. Limited by the fact that the 800V voltage platform and the 800V vehicle-mounted high-voltage components have not been fully implemented, as well as the cost and technology factors, at the present stage, even if the high-voltage components of the electric vehicle have adopted the 800V voltage platform. Limited by the fact that the national standard GBT 27930-2015 "Communication Protocol between Electric Vehicle Non-vehicle Conductive Charger and Battery Management System" (hereinafter referred to as "national standard 27930") makes provisions for the process of vehicle interaction communication, the current charging method is difficult to be compatible with series charging mode and parallel charging mode, even if it can be compatible, it needs to communicate between the vehicle and the charging pile multiple times. Therefore, how to reduce the number of communications between the vehicle and the charging pile while being compatible with different charging modes of the power battery has become a problem to be solved. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application provides a method, device, vehicle and storage medium for charging a vehicle, which can reduce the number of communications between the vehicle and the charging pile while being compatible with different charging modes of the power battery.

[0005] In a first aspect, a method for charging a vehicle is provided. Before a charging pile and a vehicle establish a connection and the charging pile and the vehicle enter an electric energy transmission stage, a message is communicated with the charging pile based on a target voltage value preset for a charging port of the vehicle, and a port voltage of the charging port is adjusted to the target voltage value, so that the charging pile can detect that a preset condition for entering the electric energy transmission stage is met. After entering the electric energy transmission stage, a charging mode matched with an output capability parameter of the charging pile is determined according to the output capability parameter. The vehicle is controlled to enter the charging mode, and a main relay connected with a power battery pack in the vehicle is controlled to be closed, so that the charging pile charges the vehicle.

[0006] In the technical solution, before entering the power transmission stage, the port voltage of the charging port is adjusted to the target voltage value, so that the vehicle can be given an "actual voltage" that can be recognized by different charging piles, that is, the target voltage value, regardless of the actual voltage of the power battery pack. Thus, when the charging pile is connected with the charging port of the vehicle, the detected port voltage is the target voltage value, so that the charging pile considers that the actual voltage of the power battery pack of the vehicle is the target voltage value. In the technical solution, the target voltage value can be used for message communication with the charging pile, and the port voltage of the charging port is adjusted to the target voltage value, so that the charging pile of any output capacity can detect the preset condition for entering the power transmission stage, thereby enabling the charging pile of any output capacity to successfully enter the power transmission stage through the message communication with the vehicle, without multiple message communications. After entering the power transmission stage, the charging mode matched with the output capacity parameter of the charging pile is determined, and then the vehicle is controlled to enter the charging mode, and the main relay is closed to enable the charging pile to charge the vehicle. That is, the technical solution can be compatible with different charging modes of the power battery, and the vehicle can successfully charge without multiple communications when facing charging piles of different output capacities.

[0007] In combination with the first aspect, in some possible implementation manners, before the main relay connected with the power battery pack in the vehicle is closed, the method further includes: determining a current actual voltage value of the power battery pack in the charging mode; and adjusting the port voltage to an adapted voltage value adapted to the actual voltage value, where a voltage difference between the actual voltage value and the adapted voltage value is less than or equal to a first preset difference.

[0008] In combination with the first aspect, in some possible implementation manners, the charging port of the vehicle is connected with a charging adapter, and the charging adapter is configured to adjust the port voltage of the charging port. The adjusting of the port voltage of the charging port to the target voltage value includes: adjusting, by the charging adapter, the port voltage of the charging port to the target voltage value.

[0009] In combination with the first aspect, in some possible implementation manners, the charging adapter includes a power supply module and a boost circuit, an output end of the power supply module is connected with an input end of the boost circuit, and an output end of the boost circuit is connected with the charging port. The charging adapter is configured to adjust the port voltage of the charging port according to an output voltage of the power supply module and the boost circuit.

[0010] With reference to the first aspect, in some possible implementation manners, when the charging adapter is a vehicle-mounted charging adapter, the power module is a storage battery or a power battery of the vehicle; when the charging adapter is an external charging adapter, the vehicle and the charging pile are connected through the external charging adapter, the power module is an auxiliary power pin A+ of the charging pile connected with a charging port of the vehicle, and the output voltage of the power module is an auxiliary voltage provided by the auxiliary power pin A+.

[0011] With reference to the first aspect, in some possible implementation manners, the message communication with the charging pile and the adjustment of the port voltage of the charging port to the target voltage value based on the target voltage value preset for the charging port of the vehicle, so that the charging pile can detect that the preset condition for entering the power transmission phase is met, include: sending a second target message carrying the target voltage value to the charging pile after receiving a first target message sent by the charging pile; wherein the first target message is used to represent that the charging pile can identify the vehicle; adjusting the port voltage of the charging port to the target voltage value after receiving a third target message sent by the charging pile, so that the charging pile detects that a difference between an actual voltage value of the charging port and the target voltage value carried in the second target message meets the preset condition for entering the power transmission phase; wherein the third target message is used to represent the output capability of the charging pile.

[0012] With reference to the first aspect, in some possible implementation manners, the output capability parameter of the charging pile includes a maximum output voltage value, and the determination of the charging mode matched with the output capability parameter according to the output capability parameter of the charging pile includes: when the maximum output voltage value of the charging pile is greater than or equal to a preset first rated voltage value, determining that the charging mode matched with the output capability parameter is a series charging mode; wherein the first rated voltage value is a rated voltage value of the multiple power batteries connected in series in the power battery pack; when the maximum output voltage value of the charging pile is less than the first rated voltage value, determining that the charging mode matched with the output capability parameter is a parallel charging mode.

[0013] With reference to the first aspect, in some possible implementation manners, the output capability parameter of the charging pile includes a maximum output voltage value, and the determining the charging mode matched with the output capability parameter according to the output capability parameter of the charging pile includes: in a case where the maximum output voltage value of the charging pile is greater than a second rated voltage value and a voltage difference between the maximum output voltage value and the second rated voltage value is greater than a second preset difference value, determining that the charging mode matched with the output capability parameter is the series charging mode, where the second rated voltage value is a rated voltage value of the plurality of power batteries connected in parallel.

[0014] With reference to the first aspect, in some possible implementation manners, the controlling the vehicle to enter the charging mode includes: controlling the vehicle to enter the series charging mode, and after the controlling the vehicle to enter the series charging mode, the method further includes: detecting a current charging voltage of the vehicle, and in a case where a voltage difference between the current charging voltage and the maximum output voltage of the charging pile is less than a third preset difference value, controlling the vehicle to switch from the series charging mode to the parallel charging mode to charge the vehicle in the parallel charging mode.

[0015] With reference to the first aspect, in some possible implementation manners, before the controlling the vehicle to switch from the series charging mode to the parallel charging mode, the method further includes: controlling the main relay to be disconnected, and after the controlling the vehicle to switch from the series charging mode to the parallel charging mode, the method further includes: controlling the main relay to be closed.

[0016] With reference to the first aspect, in some possible implementation manners, before the controlling the main relay to be closed, the method further includes: determining an actual parallel voltage value of the power battery group in the vehicle in the parallel charging mode, and adjusting the port voltage of the charging port to a parallel adaptive voltage value adapted to the actual parallel voltage value, where a voltage difference between the actual parallel voltage value and the parallel adaptive voltage value is less than or equal to a fourth preset difference value.

[0017] With reference to the first aspect, in some possible implementation manners, the adjusting the port voltage of the charging port to the target voltage value includes: controlling the vehicle to enter the parallel charging mode and controlling the main relay to be closed, so that the port voltage of the charging port is the target voltage value, and the controlling the vehicle to enter the charging mode includes: if the charging mode matched with the output capability parameter is the series charging mode, controlling the vehicle to switch from the parallel charging mode to the series charging mode.

[0018] With reference to the first aspect, in some possible implementation manners, the target voltage value is less than or equal to 500 V.

[0019] In a second aspect, a device for charging a vehicle is provided. The device includes a processing module configured to, before a charging pile establishes a connection with the vehicle and the charging pile and the vehicle enter an electric energy transmission stage, communicate with the charging pile based on a target voltage value preset for a charging port of the vehicle, and adjust a port voltage of the charging port to the target voltage value, so that the charging pile can detect that a preset condition for entering the electric energy transmission stage is met; a determining module configured to, after entering the electric energy transmission stage, determine a charging mode matched with an output capability parameter of the charging pile according to the output capability parameter; and a control module configured to control the vehicle to enter the charging mode, and control a main relay connected with a power battery pack in the vehicle to be closed, so that the charging pile charges the vehicle.

[0020] In a third aspect, a vehicle is provided. The vehicle includes a memory and a processor. The memory is configured to store executable program code, and the processor is configured to invoke and run the executable program code from the memory, so that the vehicle performs the method in the first aspect or any possible implementation manner of the first aspect.

[0021] In a fourth aspect, a computer program product is provided. The computer program product includes computer program code. When the computer program code is run on a computer, the computer program code causes the computer to perform the method in the first aspect or any possible implementation manner of the first aspect.

[0022] In a fifth aspect, a computer-readable storage medium is provided. The computer-readable storage medium stores computer program code. When the computer program code is run on a computer, the computer program code causes the computer to perform the method in the first aspect or any possible implementation manner of the first aspect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 is a flowchart of a secondary communication after a user plugs in a gun according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 2 is a flowchart of a method for charging a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a charging circuit connected with a vehicle-mounted charging adapter according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a charging circuit connected with an externally-mounted charging adapter according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 5 is an interaction schematic diagram related to a method for charging a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 6 is a device structure schematic diagram of vehicle charging provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 7 is a structure schematic diagram of a vehicle provided by an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The technical solutions in the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. In the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise specified, " / " represents the meaning of or, for example, A / B can represent A or B: "and / or" in the text only describes the association relationship of the associated objects, which means that there can be three relationships, for example, A and / or B, which means that there are three cases of A alone, A and B together, and B alone. In addition, in the description of the embodiments of the present application, "multiple" means two or more than two.

[0031] Hereinafter, the terms "first" and "second" are used only for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as implying or suggesting relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined with "first" and "second" can explicitly or implicitly include one or more features.

[0032] With the rapid development of new energy vehicles, more and more electric vehicles enter the market, and charging is an essential function of electric vehicles. There are generally the following several kinds:

[0033] 1. Charging at home: there are two specifications of 10A and 16A for 220V sockets used by household users, and it takes about 8-10 hours to be fully charged.

[0034] 2. Charging at AC charging pile: connecting the electric vehicle to a larger AC power grid and charging with an AC charging pile, which takes about 4 hours. The power of slow charging pile is usually 3.5kW and 7kW, depending on the rated input power of the on-board charger. The rated input current of the on-board charger is currently divided into two major mainstreams of 16A and 32A.

[0035] 3. Charging at DC charging pile: using a DC power supply device with control and guidance functions. Directly outputting DC power from a high-power non-vehicle-mounted DC charger to charge the vehicle battery. When charging, the DC charging pile needs to provide a voltage matched with the battery, and the national standard stipulates that the maximum DC output current is not more than 250A, and most electric vehicles can obtain a peak charging power of not more than 102.5kW.

[0036] The charging time of an electric vehicle depends on the battery pack energy and the charging power. The greater the charging power, the shorter the charging time. The charging power is determined by the charging voltage and the charging current, so to shorten the charging time, the charging current needs to be increased and the charging voltage needs to be increased.

[0037] Compared with high-current fast charging, high-voltage fast charging has more obvious advantages. According to the thermodynamic formula Q=I 2 The increase of current will cause the heating of the electrical system to intensify, which will cause a greater burden on the thermal management system, and the energy conversion efficiency is low and the energy loss is serious. In contrast, high-voltage charging has become the mainstream route for the development of fast charging technology at the present stage due to its low cost, lightweight, low electromagnetic interference, and low technical difficulty.

[0038] At present, most of the domestic electric vehicle voltage platforms still generally stay between 400V-600V, and the 800V voltage platform charging scheme is an improvement over the traditional 400V-600V voltage platform, with a voltage generally above 750V.

[0039] At present, most of the electric vehicles on the market still have a voltage platform of 400V. The 800V voltage platform and the 800V vehicle-mounted high-voltage component industry chain are not perfect in the short term, and due to factors such as cost and technology, even if the high-voltage components of electric vehicles have adopted the 800V voltage platform, they still need to be compatible with the 400V voltage platform at the present stage. Adopting two 400V power batteries in series and parallel can be compatible with the 800V voltage platform and the 400V voltage platform (800V in series / 400V in parallel).

[0040] The national standard GBT 27930-2015 "Communication Protocol between Electric Vehicle Non-vehicle Conductive Charger and Battery Management System" (hereinafter referred to as "national standard 27930") stipulates the process of vehicle interaction communication. According to the vehicle pile communication process of national standard 27930, the vehicle end needs to report the current voltage through the communication message first, and then the charging pile will report the output capability parameters of the charging pile, and the charging pile will check whether the difference between the actual detected battery voltage and the "battery actual voltage" carried in the communication message is consistent.

[0041] If the charging pile judges that the actual detected battery voltage is consistent with the "battery actual voltage" carried in the communication message, such as the error range of the actual detected battery voltage of the charging pile and the "battery actual voltage" carried in the communication message is ≤±5%, the charging pile will normally charge, otherwise, it will stop charging.

[0042] In order to ensure that the battery voltage reported by the vehicle end to the charging pile is consistent with the battery voltage actually detected by the charging pile, the vehicle end needs to first send the voltage during parallel connection of the power battery (such as 400V) to the charging pile, and then make corresponding adjustment according to the output capability parameter of the charging pile after learning the capability of the charging pile. When the vehicle end learns that the charging pile is an 800V charging pile, the actual 800V voltage needs to be sent to the charging pile again through "secondary communication". In this way, the battery voltage in the communication message can be ensured to be consistent with the battery voltage actually detected by the charging pile, so that the direct current charging can be normally performed. After the user inserts the gun, the flowchart of the secondary communication is as shown in Figure 1

[0043] Step 101: The direct current charging pile sends a charger handshake message (CHM) to the electric vehicle.

[0044] Step 102: The electric vehicle feeds back a battery management system (BMS) handshake message (BHM) to the direct current charging pile, and sends the maximum allowed total charging voltage (400V). That is, the BMS handshake message carries the maximum allowed total charging voltage (400V) of the BMS.

[0045] Step 103: The direct current charging pile sends a charger identification message (CRM) to the electric vehicle, which is equal to 0X00 (before receiving the identification message of the BMS, the charging pile sends the confirmation code equal to 0X00 to indicate that the charging pile cannot identify the BMS).

[0046] Step 104: The electric vehicle sends a BMS and vehicle identification message (BRM) to send the rated total voltage of the power battery (400V). That is, the BMS and vehicle identification message carries the rated total voltage of the power battery (400V).

[0047] Step 105: The direct current charging pile sends a charger identification message (CRM) to the electric vehicle, which is equal to 0XAA (after receiving the identification message of the BMS, the charging pile sends the confirmation code equal to 0XAA to indicate that the charging pile can identify the BMS).

[0048] Step 106: The electric vehicle sends a power battery charging parameter message to the direct current charging pile to send the maximum allowed total charging voltage (400V). That is, the power battery charging parameter message carries the maximum allowed total charging voltage (400V).

[0049] Step 107: The direct current charging pile sends a charger maximum output capability message (CML) to the electric vehicle to send the maximum output voltage / minimum output voltage / maximum output current / minimum output current.

[0050] Step 108: The electric vehicle controls to close K5 / K6. K5 / K6 is a fast charging high voltage relay. ​

[0051] Step 109: Insulation monitoring.

[0052] Step 110: When receiving the maximum output capacity of the charging pile is 800V, the BMS does not send the battery charging preparation ready state message (BRO).

[0053] Step 111: The charging pile judges the communication timeout.

[0054] Step 112: The charging process is ended.

[0055] Step 113: The DC charging pile re-sends the charger identification message (CRM) == 0X00 (before receiving the identification message of the BMS, the charging pile sends the confirmation code == 0X00, indicating that the charging pile cannot identify the BMS).

[0056] Step 114: The electric vehicle sends the BMS and vehicle identification message (BRM) -> sends the rated total voltage of the power battery (800V). That is, the BMS and vehicle identification message carries the rated total voltage of the power battery (800V).

[0057] Step 115: The DC charging pile sends the charger identification message (CRM) == 0XAA to the electric vehicle (after receiving the identification message of the BMS, the charging pile sends the confirmation code == 0XAA, indicating that the charging pile can identify the BMS).

[0058] Step 116: The electric vehicle sends the power battery charging parameter message (BCP) -> the highest allowed total charging voltage (800V).

[0059] Step 117: The DC charging pile sends the charger maximum output capacity message (CML) to the electric vehicle -> the highest output voltage / the lowest output voltage / the maximum output current / the minimum output current.

[0060] However, some charging in the current market does not support "second communication" (because the battery voltage sent by the vehicle end communication message twice in a row to the charging pile is inconsistent, which causes some charging piles to be unable to support charging). However, the interaction process in the national standard 27930 stipulates that the vehicle end (BMS) must first send the power battery voltage parameter to the charging pile, and then the charging pile will send the output capacity parameter to the vehicle end, so according to the national standard 27930, the vehicle end cannot obtain the output capacity parameter of the charging pile before sending the battery voltage parameter to the charging pile.

[0061] From the above content, it can be known that the national standard 27930 limits the process of vehicle interaction communication, and the current charging method is difficult to be compatible with series-parallel charging. Even if it can be compatible, multiple communications between the vehicle end and the charging pile are needed, such as the above Figure 1"primary communication" and "secondary communication" in the prior art. Therefore, how to reduce the number of communications between the vehicle and the charging pile while being compatible with different charging modes of the power battery (i.e., series-parallel charging) becomes a problem to be solved.

[0062] To solve the above technical problems, the embodiments of the present application provide a vehicle charging method applied to a vehicle, which is an electric vehicle. Figure 2 is a schematic flow chart of a vehicle charging method provided by the embodiments of the present application.

[0063] As shown in Figure 2 , the method comprises the following steps.

[0064] Step 201: Before the charging pile and the vehicle establish a connection and the charging pile and the vehicle enter the electric energy transmission stage, based on the target voltage value preset for the charging port, the charging pile is communicated with a message, and the port voltage of the charging port is adjusted to the target voltage value, so that the charging pile can detect that the preset condition for entering the electric energy transmission stage is met.

[0065] Step 202: After entering the electric energy transmission stage, according to the output capability parameter of the charging pile, a charging mode matched with the output capability parameter is determined.

[0066] Step 203: Control the vehicle to enter the charging mode, and control the main relay connected with the power battery pack in the vehicle to be closed, so that the charging pile charges the vehicle.

[0067] In Figure 2In the illustrated embodiment, before entering the electric energy transmission stage, the port voltage of the charging port is adjusted to a target voltage value, so that the vehicle can be given an "actual voltage" that can be recognized by different charging piles, i.e., the target voltage value, regardless of the actual voltage of the power battery pack. Thus, when the charging pile is connected to the charging port of the vehicle, the detected port voltage is the target voltage value, so that the charging pile considers that the actual voltage of the power battery pack of the vehicle is the target voltage value. In the above technical solution, the target voltage value can be used to communicate with the charging pile, and the port voltage of the charging port can be adjusted to the target voltage value, so that the charging pile of any output capacity can detect the preset condition for entering the electric energy transmission stage, thereby enabling the charging pile of any output capacity to successfully enter the electric energy transmission stage through the message communication with the vehicle, without the need for multiple message communications. After entering the electric energy transmission stage, the charging mode that matches the output capacity parameter of the charging pile is determined, and then the vehicle is controlled to enter the charging mode, and the main relay is closed to enable the charging pile to charge the vehicle. That is, the above technical solution can be compatible with different charging modes of the power battery, and the vehicle can successfully charge without multiple communications when facing charging piles of different output capacities.

[0068] The specific implementation of each step in the illustrated embodiment is described below. Figure 2

[0069] In step 201, the charging pile can be a direct current charging pile, and the vehicle can be a power vehicle. The vehicle includes a power battery pack, and the power battery pack includes at least two power batteries. The series-parallel connection form of the power battery pack can be controlled by a relay, i.e., the at least two power batteries are connected in series or parallel. Hereinafter, the power battery pack can also be referred to as a battery pack.

[0070] The electric energy transmission stage is a stage in which the charging pile transmits electric energy to the vehicle, i.e., a stage in which the charging current and the charging voltage are transmitted, and can also be understood as a charging power transmission stage. The electric energy transmission stage is a stage before the charging pile starts to transmit electric energy to the vehicle. Specifically, the electric energy transmission stage can be understood as a stage before the vehicle end sends a battery charging preparation ready state message to the charging pile, and can also be understood as a stage before the charging pile determines whether to close the K1 relay and the K2 relay in the charging pile. In addition, the electric energy transmission stage can also be understood as a stage before the charging pile determines whether to close the K1 relay and the K2 relay in the charging pile.

[0071] ​The target voltage value can be understood as a predetermined fixed voltage value. The target voltage value can be determined based on a charging pile with the smallest output capacity among various charging piles with different output capacities currently available on the market. For example, the output capacity of the charging pile can include the maximum output voltage of the charging pile, and the charging pile with the smallest output capacity is the charging pile with the smallest maximum output voltage among various charging piles with different maximum output voltages. The target voltage value can be less than or equal to the maximum output voltage of the charging pile with the smallest output capacity, so that no matter what output capacity the vehicle end is connected to, the fixed voltage value can meet the judgment condition that the charging pile compares whether the difference between the actual voltage of the battery actually detected by the charging pile and the "actual voltage of the battery" sent by the vehicle end through the communication message is consistent, so that the charging process smoothly enters the power transmission stage, that is, the charging power transmission stage.

[0072] It can be understood that, since the charging pile detects the actual voltage of the power battery pack of the vehicle, the actual voltage detected is the voltage of the charging port, that is, the charging pile determines the port voltage detected after being connected with the charging port of the vehicle as the actual voltage of the power battery pack. Therefore, in the embodiment, the port voltage of the charging port is adjusted to the target voltage value before entering the power transmission stage, so that the vehicle can be given an "actual voltage" that can be recognized by different charging piles, that is, the target voltage value, which is independent of the actual voltage of the power battery pack. Therefore, when different charging piles are connected with the charging port of the vehicle, the port voltage detected by the charging piles is the target voltage value, so that the charging pile thinks that the actual voltage of the power battery pack of the vehicle is the target voltage value.

[0073] The above-mentioned preset condition for entering the power transmission stage can also be understood as a preset condition for the charging pile to determine whether the relays K1 and K2 inside the charging pile can be closed. The charging pile determines that the preset condition for entering the power transmission stage is met, that is, the charging pile determines that the relays K1 and K2 can be closed.

[0074] In an exemplary embodiment, various charging piles with different output capacities currently available on the market include a charging pile with a maximum output voltage of 500V, a charging pile with a maximum output voltage of 750V, and a charging pile with a maximum output voltage of 1000V. Therefore, the charging pile with the smallest output capacity is the 500V charging pile, and therefore the target voltage value can be set to be less than or equal to 500V, so that under the action of the target voltage value, the charging method in the embodiment can be compatible with the 500V charging pile, the 750V charging pile, and the 1000V charging pile currently available. Optionally, the target voltage value can be set to 385V.

[0075] In an example embodiment, a charging port of a vehicle is connected with a charging adapter, the charging adapter is configured to adjust a port voltage of the charging port, and the adjusting the port voltage of the charging port to a target voltage value includes adjusting the port voltage of the charging port to the target voltage value by the charging adapter.

[0076] In an example embodiment, the charging adapter can be an electric vehicle (EV) charger adapter (EVCA). The charging adapter can be configured to adjust the port voltage of the charging port to the target voltage value. The charging adapter can be configured to adjust the port voltage of the charging port in a wirelessly controlled manner. The charging port can be configured to be connected with a charging pile having different output capabilities, and the charging adapter can be configured to adjust the port voltage of the charging port to the target voltage value in a low port voltage actually existing before a main relay is closed. In an example embodiment, a vehicle control unit (VCU) can be configured to send a target voltage instruction to the charging adapter, and the charging adapter can be configured to adjust the port voltage of the charging port to the target voltage value according to the target voltage instruction.

[0077] In an example embodiment, the charging adapter includes a power supply module and a boost circuit, an output of the power supply module is connected with an input of the boost circuit, and an output of the boost circuit is connected with the charging port. The charging adapter can be configured to adjust the port voltage of the charging port according to an output voltage of the power supply module and the boost circuit.

[0078] In an example embodiment, the charging adapter can be configured to adjust the output voltage of the power supply module to the target voltage value by the boost circuit. The output voltage of the power supply module can be sourced from a 12V storage battery in the vehicle, a power battery in a power battery pack in the vehicle, or an auxiliary power supply pin A+ of the charging pile. The auxiliary power supply pin A+ can be configured to provide a 12V auxiliary power supply. The boost circuit can be a Boost boost circuit, which is a kind of switching DC boost circuit. The Boost boost circuit can be configured to make the output voltage higher than the input voltage. For example, assuming that the target voltage value is 385V and the output voltage of the power supply module is 12V, the Boost boost circuit can be configured to increase the output voltage of the power supply module from 12V to 385V. The boost circuit can be configured to make the port voltage change gently at a certain slope when adjusting the port voltage, so as to avoid a step change of the port voltage.

[0079] Optionally, the charging adapter can further include a voltage sampling circuit and a current sensor, so as to reflect the output voltage and the current.

[0080] In an exemplary embodiment, the charging adapter is a vehicle charging adapter, and the power module is a battery or a power battery of the vehicle. Since the battery or the power battery is a component inside the vehicle, the output voltage of the power module in the charging adapter is derived from inside the vehicle, and thus the charging adapter in this embodiment is referred to as a vehicle charging adapter.

[0081] For example, a schematic diagram of a charging circuit connected with the vehicle charging adapter can be referred to as Figure 3 . Figure 3 The charging circuit in the vehicle charging adapter includes a power battery pack 301, a relay S1, a relay S2, a relay S3, a main positive relay S4, a main negative relay S5, a pre-charge relay S6, a resistor R1, a motor (MOTOR) 302, a motor control unit (MCU) 303, a fast-charge positive relay S7, a fast-charge negative relay S8, a vehicle charging adapter 304, and a charging port 305. The vehicle charging adapter 304 includes a power module 3041 and a boost circuit, and the boost circuit includes an inductor L1, a triode T1, a diode D1, and a capacitor C1.

[0082] The power battery pack 301 includes a first power battery 3011 and a second power battery 3012. The first end of the relay S1 is connected to the positive electrode of the first power battery 3011. The first end of the relay S2 is connected to the positive electrode of the first power battery 3011. The second end of the relay S2 is connected to the negative electrode of the second power battery 3012. The first end of the relay S3 is connected to the negative electrode of the first power battery 3011. The second end of the relay S3 is connected to the negative electrode of the second power battery 3012. The first end of the main positive relay S4 is connected to the positive electrode of the second power battery 3012. The second end of the main positive relay S4 is connected to the first end of the MCU 303. The first end of the main negative relay S5 is connected to the negative electrode of the first power battery 3011. The second end of the main negative relay S5 is connected to the second end of the MCU 303. The third end of the MCU 303 is connected to the motor 302. The pre-charging relay S6 and the resistor R1 are connected in series. The first end of the resistor R1 is connected to the first end of the main positive relay S4. The second end of the resistor R1 is connected to the first end of the pre-charging relay S6. The second end of the pre-charging relay S6 is connected to the first end of the MCU 303. The first end of the fast-charging positive relay S7 is connected to the first end of the capacitor C1. The second end of the fast-charging positive relay S7 is connected to the charging port 305. The first end of the fast-charging negative relay S8 is connected to the second end of the capacitor C1. The second end of the fast-charging negative relay S8 is connected to the charging port 305. The first end and the second end of the capacitor C1 are actually the positive and negative output ends of the boost circuit. The first end of the power module 3041 is connected to the first end of the inductor L1. The second end of the power module 3041 is connected to the second end of the capacitor C1. The second end of the inductor L1 is connected to the first end of the diode D1. The second end of the diode D1 is connected to the first end of the capacitor C1. The first end of the triode T1 is connected to the second end of the inductor L1. The second end of the triode T1 is connected to the second end of the power module 3041. The triode T1 is connected in parallel with the capacitor C1.

[0083] The boost circuit can be used to increase the voltage of the 12V storage battery to a target voltage value. When the charging pile is connected to the charging port 305, the port voltage of the charging port can be detected as the target voltage value. Figure 3 As can be seen, the voltage across the capacitor C1 is the port voltage of the charging port 305. The power module 3041 can be a 12V storage battery in a vehicle. Figure 3 The boost circuit can be used to increase the voltage of the 12V storage battery to a target voltage value. When the charging pile is connected to the charging port 305, the port voltage of the charging port can be detected as the target voltage value.

[0084] In an exemplary embodiment, the charging adapter is an external charging adapter, the vehicle and the charging pile are connected through the external charging adapter, the power module is an auxiliary power pin A+ of the charging pile connected with the charging port of the vehicle, and the output voltage of the power module is an auxiliary voltage provided by the auxiliary power pin A+. Since the auxiliary power pin A+ of the charging pile is not a component inside the vehicle, but a component outside the vehicle, that is, the output voltage of the power module in the charging adapter is derived from outside the vehicle, the charging adapter is called an external charging adapter. The external charging adapter can be understood as an adapter which can be inserted into the charging port of the vehicle first, and then the charging pile can be connected to the charging port through the adapter.

[0085] For example, the schematic diagram of the charging circuit connected with the external charging adapter can refer to the charging circuit in Figure 4 . Figure 4 The charging circuit in Figure 3 is basically the same as the charging circuit in Figure 4 , except that the on-board charging adapter 304 is used in Figure 4 , the external charging adapter 404 is used in Figure 4 , the boost circuit in Figure 3 is similar to the boost circuit in , and the power module 4041 of the external charging adapter 404 can be an auxiliary power pin A+ of the charging pile.

[0086] When the relays S9 and S10 are closed, the 12V auxiliary voltage provided by the auxiliary power pin A+ of the charging pile can be used as the output voltage of the power module 4041 in Figure 4 . That is, the auxiliary power pin A+ of the charging pile can be controlled to be disconnected and connected with the battery loop of the whole vehicle through S9 and S10, for example, after S9 and S10 are closed, the auxiliary power pin A+ of the charging pile can provide an auxiliary voltage for the power module 4041, so that the boost circuit can raise the auxiliary voltage to the target voltage value. When S9 and S10 are disconnected, the auxiliary power pin A+ of the charging pile will not provide an auxiliary voltage for the power module 4041.

[0087] In this embodiment, the external charging adapter and the on-board charging adapter provided provide flexible and variable implementation modes for the setting of the charging adapter, which is conducive to meeting different needs in actual applications.

[0088] In the example embodiment, the target voltage value preset for the charging port is communicated to the charging pile in a message, and the port voltage of the charging port is adjusted to the target voltage value, so that the charging pile can detect that the preset condition for entering the electric energy transmission stage is met, including: after receiving the first target message sent by the charging pile, a second target message carrying the target voltage value is sent to the charging pile; wherein the first target message is used to indicate that the charging pile can identify the vehicle; after receiving the third target message sent by the charging pile, the port voltage of the charging port is adjusted to the target voltage value, so that the charging pile detects that the difference between the actual voltage value of the charging port and the target voltage value carried in the second target message meets the preset condition for entering the electric energy transmission stage; wherein the third target message is used to indicate the output capacity of the charging pile.

[0089] Specifically, the first target message is used to indicate that the charging pile can identify the vehicle, and according to the vehicle-pile communication process of GB27930, the first target message is actually a charger identification message (CRM) sent by the charging pile to the vehicle, which is equal to 0XAA. The second target message is actually a power battery charging parameter message (BCP) sent by the vehicle to the charging pile after receiving the charger identification message (CRM) equal to 0XAA, which can carry a target voltage value representing the actual voltage of the power battery pack. The third target message is used to indicate the output capacity of the charging pile, i.e. the third target message is the charger maximum output capacity message (CML) in the vehicle-pile communication process of GB27930. In this embodiment, after the vehicle receives the third target message, the port voltage of the charging port can be adjusted to the target voltage value through the charging adapter, so that the charging pile detects that the difference between the actual voltage value of the charging port and the target voltage value carried in the second target message meets the preset condition for entering the electric energy transmission stage. Since the port voltage of the charging port has been adjusted to the target voltage value, when the charging pile detects the port voltage of the charging port, even considering the related interference factors, the actual voltage value detected by the charging pile cannot be completely equal to the target voltage value, but will be close to the target voltage value, so that the charging pile can detect that the difference between the actual voltage value of the charging port and the target voltage value carried in the second target message is very small, and the error range between the actual battery voltage detected by the charging pile (i.e. the actual voltage value of the charging port detected by the charging pile) and the "actual battery voltage" carried in the communication message (i.e. the target voltage value carried in the second target message) is ≤±5%, and thus the charging pile determines that the preset condition for entering the electric energy transmission stage is met, so that the vehicle and the charging pile can smoothly enter the electric energy transmission stage.

[0090] In step 202, after entering the power transmission phase, the vehicle has obtained the output capability parameter of the charging pile, such as receiving the charging machine maximum output capability message (CML) described above to obtain the output capability parameter of the charging pile. The output capability parameter is used to represent the charging capability of the charging pile. For example, the output capability parameter can include: the maximum output voltage, the minimum output voltage, the maximum output current, the minimum output current, etc.

[0091] In an exemplary embodiment, the determination of the charging mode matched with the output capability parameter according to the output capability parameter of the charging pile includes: when the maximum output voltage value of the charging pile is greater than or equal to a preset first rated voltage value, determining that the charging mode matched with the output capability parameter is the series charging mode; wherein the first rated voltage value is the rated voltage value of the multiple power batteries connected in series in the power battery pack; when the maximum output voltage value of the charging pile is less than the first rated voltage value, determining that the charging mode matched with the output capability parameter is the parallel charging mode.

[0092] For example, assuming that the vehicle includes 2 power batteries with a rated voltage of 400V, the first rated voltage value is 800V. When the maximum output voltage value of the charging pile is greater than or equal to 800V, it is determined that the charging mode matched with the output capability parameter is the series charging mode. For example, for a 1000V charging pile, the charging mode matched with the output capability parameter of the 1000V charging pile is the series charging mode. When the maximum output voltage value of the charging pile is less than 800V, it is determined that the charging mode matched with the output capability parameter is the parallel charging mode. For example, for a 500V or 750V charging pile, the charging mode matched with the output capability parameter of the 500V or 750V charging pile is the parallel charging mode.

[0093] In an exemplary embodiment, the determination of the charging mode matched with the output capability parameter according to the output capability parameter of the charging pile includes: in the case that the maximum output voltage value of the charging pile is greater than a second rated voltage value and the voltage difference between the maximum output voltage value and the second rated voltage value is greater than a second preset difference, determining that the charging mode matched with the output capability parameter is the series charging mode; wherein the second rated voltage value is the rated voltage value of the multiple power batteries connected in parallel in the power battery pack.

[0094] For example, assuming that the vehicle includes two power batteries with a rated voltage of 400 V, the second rated voltage value is 400 V. The second preset difference value can be set according to actual needs, and is intended to indicate that the voltage difference between the maximum output voltage value of the charging pile and the second rated voltage value is large. For example, the maximum output voltage value of the charging pile is 750 V, the second rated voltage value is 400 V, and the second preset difference value can be 300 V. Therefore, the first voltage difference between the maximum output voltage value and the second rated voltage value (750 V-400 V=350 V) is greater than the second preset difference value 300 V. That is, in this example, for the charging pile with a voltage of 750 V, the initially determined charging mode matched therewith is the series charging mode.

[0095] In step 203, in combination with the above Figure 3 and Figure 4 The vehicle can enter the corresponding charging mode by controlling the on-off of the relays S1, S2, and S3. For example, if the charging mode to be entered is the series charging mode, S1 and S3 can be controlled to be open by the BMS, and S2 can be controlled to be closed. If the charging mode to be entered is the parallel charging mode, S1 and S3 can be controlled to be closed by the BMS, and S2 can be controlled to be open. After the vehicle enters the corresponding charging mode, the main relay can be controlled to be closed by the BMS, so that the electric energy of the charging pile can be transmitted to the power battery pack to charge the power battery pack. Referring to Figure 3 and Figure 4 The main relay can include a main positive relay S4 and a main negative relay S5.

[0096] In an exemplary embodiment, before the main relay connected with the power battery pack in the vehicle is controlled to be closed, the method further includes: determining a current actual voltage value of the power battery pack in the vehicle in the charging mode; and adjusting the port voltage to an adapted voltage value adapted to the actual voltage value, wherein a voltage difference between the actual voltage value and the adapted voltage value is less than or equal to a first preset difference value. The first preset difference value can be set according to actual needs, and is intended to indicate that the actual voltage value is very close to, or even equal to, the adapted voltage value. For example, the first preset difference value can be set to 0, and the actual voltage value is equal to the adapted voltage value, so that the port voltage can be adjusted to the actual voltage value.

[0097] For example, when the charging mode is the series charging mode, the actual series voltage value of the power battery pack in the series charging mode can be determined. When the charging mode is the parallel charging mode, the actual parallel voltage value of the power battery pack in the parallel charging mode can be determined. It can be understood that the actual series voltage value is less than or equal to the rated voltage value of the plurality of power batteries connected in series, that is, the first rated voltage value. The actual parallel voltage value is less than or equal to the rated voltage value of the plurality of power batteries connected in parallel, that is, the second rated voltage value. If the charging mode matched with the output capability parameter is the series charging mode, the adaptive voltage value can be understood as an adaptive voltage value adapted to the series charging mode. If the charging mode matched with the output capability parameter is the parallel charging mode, the adaptive voltage value can be understood as an adaptive voltage value adapted to the parallel charging mode.

[0098] For example, the method of adjusting the port voltage to the adaptive voltage value adapted to the actual voltage value can be that the charging adapter adjusts the port voltage to the adaptive voltage value adapted to the actual voltage value.

[0099] For example, the method of adjusting the port voltage to the adaptive voltage value adapted to the actual voltage value can be that the vehicle requests the charging pile for a charging voltage to adjust the port voltage to the adaptive voltage value adapted to the actual voltage value through the charging pile. For example, the vehicle can send a charging demand message to the charging pile, and the charging demand message can carry the adaptive voltage value adapted to the actual voltage value, so that the charging pile transmits electric energy to the vehicle based on the received charging demand message to adjust the port voltage to the adaptive voltage value.

[0100] In the example embodiment, in the case where the vehicle requests the charging pile for a charging voltage to adjust the port voltage to the adaptive voltage value adapted to the actual voltage value through the charging pile, the charging adapter can be controlled to stop outputting, that is, to stop working, for example, the charging adapter can be controlled to stop working by the vehicle control unit VCU, which is conducive to avoiding the situation that the charging adapter and the charging pile simultaneously adjust the port voltage, causing the port voltage to be uncontrollable.

[0101] In the embodiment, the port voltage is adjusted to the adaptive voltage value adapted to the actual voltage value of the power battery pack before the main relay is closed, which is conducive to avoiding the situation that the main relay is directly closed when the actual voltage value of the power battery pack is greatly different from the original target voltage value of the charging port, which easily causes safety risks. Therefore, the port voltage can be adjusted to the adaptive voltage value adapted to the actual voltage value before the main relay is closed, so as to ensure the charging safety.

[0102] For example, if it is determined that the current actual voltage value of the power battery pack in the vehicle in the charging mode described above is close to the original target voltage value of the charging port, it can be unnecessary to perform the adjustment of the port voltage of the charging port to the adaptive voltage value that is adapted to the actual voltage value.

[0103] In the example embodiment, in step 201 described above, the port voltage of the charging port can also be adjusted to the target voltage value without using the charging adapter. The target voltage value can be less than or equal to the actual voltage value of the plurality of power batteries of the vehicle in parallel connection. For example, the adjustment of the port voltage of the charging port to the target voltage value includes controlling the vehicle to enter the parallel charging mode and controlling the main relay to be closed so that the port voltage of the charging port is the target voltage value. Correspondingly, the control of the vehicle to enter the charging mode in step 203 includes, if the charging mode matched with the output capability parameter is the series charging mode, controlling the vehicle to switch from the parallel charging mode to the series charging mode. If the charging mode matched with the output capability parameter is the parallel charging mode, since the vehicle is already in the parallel charging mode, it is unnecessary to switch the charging mode here.

[0104] In the embodiment, considering that the power battery pack of the vehicle can also have a certain amount of electric energy, in the embodiment, the target voltage value of the charging port can be provided by the power batteries in parallel connection before the electric energy transmission stage. The maximum parallel connection voltage value that the power batteries in parallel connection can provide is, for example, the second voltage value (for example, 400 V) described above. The 400 V is actually the parallel connection voltage value when the power battery pack is fully charged, that is, the second rated voltage value described above. Since the vehicle that comes to the charging pile for charging usually has a low amount of electric energy in the power battery pack, the target voltage value provided by the power battery pack is usually less than 400 V. By controlling the vehicle to enter the parallel charging mode, that is, controlling the plurality of power batteries in the vehicle to be connected in parallel connection, and then controlling the main relay connected with the plurality of power batteries to be closed, so that the port voltage of the charging port is the target voltage value, which is the current actual parallel connection voltage value of the plurality of power batteries in the vehicle. It can be seen that, in the embodiment, the charging port voltage value can be adjusted to the target voltage value without setting the charging adapter, which is beneficial to saving cost to a certain extent.

[0105] Since, in the embodiment, the port voltage value of the vehicle port is adjusted to the target voltage value by controlling the vehicle to enter the parallel charging mode before entering the electric energy transmission stage, if it is determined that the charging mode matched with the output capability parameter is the series charging mode after entering the electric energy transmission stage, the vehicle can be controlled to switch from the parallel charging mode to the series charging mode.

[0106] Specifically, if the determined charging mode matching the output capability parameter is the series charging mode, the main relay can be first controlled to be opened, and the port voltage of the charging port is adjusted to an adaptive voltage value adaptive to the current actual series voltage value of the power battery pack. Meanwhile, the switching between the parallel charging mode and the series charging mode is completed, and the main relay is re-controlled to be closed for power transmission.

[0107] In the exemplary embodiments, in a case where the maximum output voltage value of the charging pile is greater than the second rated voltage value and a voltage difference between the maximum output voltage value and the second rated voltage value is greater than a second preset difference value, the determined charging mode matching the output capability parameter of the charging pile can be the series charging mode. Correspondingly, the control of the vehicle entering the charging mode in the step 203 can be specifically: controlling the vehicle to enter the series charging mode. After the vehicle enters the series charging mode, the current charging voltage of the vehicle is detected. In a case where a voltage difference between the current charging voltage and the maximum output voltage of the charging pile is less than a third preset difference value, the vehicle is controlled to switch from the series charging mode to the parallel charging mode for charging the vehicle in the parallel charging mode.

[0108] The second rated voltage value is the rated voltage value of the multiple power batteries in parallel in the power battery pack. For example, the voltage value of two power batteries with a rated voltage of 400V in parallel is 400V. The second preset difference value can be set according to actual needs, which is intended to indicate that the voltage difference between the maximum output voltage value of the charging pile and the second rated voltage value is large. For example, the maximum output voltage value of the charging pile is 750V, the second rated voltage value is 400V, and the second preset difference value can be 300V. Therefore, the first voltage difference (750V-400V=350V) between the maximum output voltage value and the second rated voltage value is greater than the second preset difference value 300V. That is, in this example, for the charging pile with a voltage of 750V, the initially determined charging mode matching the charging pile is the series charging mode, so that the vehicle is controlled to enter the series charging mode, so that the charging pile starts to charge the vehicle.

[0109] After starting charging in the series charging mode, the current charging voltage of the vehicle is detected in real time. The current charging voltage can be the voltage of the charging bus detected by the vehicle or the actual charging voltage of the power battery detected by the vehicle. If the voltage difference between the current charging voltage and the maximum output voltage of the charging pile is less than a third preset difference value, it indicates that the current charging voltage is close to or equal to the maximum output voltage of the charging pile. The third preset difference value can be set according to actual needs, and is intended to indicate that the voltage difference between the current charging voltage and the maximum output voltage of the charging pile is small, i.e., the current charging voltage is close to or equal to the maximum output voltage of the charging pile. For example, the maximum output voltage of the charging pile is 750 V, the third preset difference value is 30 V, and the current charging voltage is 730 V. The voltage difference between the current charging voltage and the maximum output voltage of the charging pile (750 V-730 V=20 V) is less than 30 V, which indicates that if the charging continues in the series charging mode, the charging efficiency will slow down because the current charging voltage is close to 750 V. Until the current charging voltage reaches the maximum output voltage of the charging pile, i.e., 750 V, the charging pile will automatically stop charging. Therefore, in the embodiment, if the voltage difference between the current charging voltage and the maximum output voltage of the charging pile is less than the third preset difference value, the vehicle is controlled to switch from the series charging mode to the parallel charging mode to further start charging the vehicle in the parallel charging mode.

[0110] To ensure safe switching from the series charging mode to the parallel charging mode during charging, the main relay is controlled to be opened before the vehicle is controlled to switch from the series charging mode to the parallel charging mode. The vehicle is controlled to switch from the series charging mode to the parallel charging mode when the main relay is opened. The main relay is controlled to be closed after the vehicle is controlled to switch from the series charging mode to the parallel charging mode. For example, the main relay is controlled to be closed after the vehicle is controlled to switch from the series charging mode to the parallel charging mode, so that the vehicle continues to be charged in the parallel charging mode.

[0111] In the exemplary embodiment, before the main relay is controlled to be closed, the actual parallel voltage value of the power battery pack in the vehicle in the parallel charging mode is determined, and then the port voltage is adjusted to a parallel adaptation voltage value adapted to the actual parallel voltage value. The voltage difference between the actual parallel voltage value and the parallel adaptation voltage value is less than or equal to a fourth preset difference value. The fourth preset difference value can be set according to actual needs, and is intended to indicate that the voltage difference between the actual parallel voltage value and the parallel adaptation voltage value is small, or even the voltage difference can be 0.

[0112] Specifically, the port voltage can be adjusted to a parallel charging voltage value by the charging adapter, so that the port voltage meets the charging requirement of the parallel charging mode. For example, the capacitor C1 in the boost circuit in the charging adapter can be controlled to discharge, so as to reduce the voltage across the capacitor C1, so that the port voltage can be reduced from the previous series charging voltage value to the parallel charging voltage value. After the port voltage is adjusted to the parallel charging voltage value that is adapted to the actual parallel voltage value, the main relay is controlled to be closed, which is beneficial to avoid the impact on the closing of the main relay caused by the large difference between the actual parallel voltage value of the power battery pack and the port voltage of the charging port.

[0113] For example, in combination with the above example, it is assumed that in the series charging mode, when the current charging voltage detected is 750V, the series charging mode is switched to the parallel charging mode, and if the power batteries in the vehicle are connected in parallel at this time, the actual parallel voltage value of the power battery pack is 375V, the port voltage can be adjusted to 375V by the charging adapter.

[0114] In this embodiment, considering that for a charging pile with a maximum output voltage value greater than the second voltage value and a voltage difference between the maximum output voltage value and the second voltage value greater than the second preset difference, such as a 750V charging pile, if charging is always performed in the series charging mode, when the battery pack voltage, i.e., the current charging voltage of the vehicle, approaches 750V, the charging efficiency will slow down, and when the current charging voltage is equal to 750V, the charging pile will actively end the charging. Assuming that the series voltage of the power battery is 800V, the active ending of the charging by the charging pile will result in 50V that cannot be fully charged. If charging is always performed in the parallel charging mode, although the battery pack can be fully charged, since the parallel voltage of the power battery is usually 400V, the maximum charging voltage requested by the vehicle to the 750V charging pile is 400V, which results in that the voltage above 400V provided by the 750V charging pile cannot be used in parallel charging. Since the charging current is usually limited during charging, the size of the charging power is more affected by the charging voltage. For the 750V charging pile, the maximum charging voltage that can be requested is only 400V, which means that the charging power of the 750V charging pile is wasted, and the maximum charging power of the 750V charging pile cannot be effectively utilized. Therefore, in this embodiment, for the 750V charging pile, the series charging mode is used first, so that in the series charging mode, the vehicle can request a charging voltage of 750V at most, so as to effectively utilize the charging efficiency of the 750V charging pile. When the voltage of the power battery pack is charged to approach 750V, the series charging mode can be switched to the parallel charging mode, so as to continue charging the power battery pack in the parallel charging mode, so that the power battery pack can be fully charged. Therefore, in this embodiment, the charging capacity of the charging pile can be maximally utilized, the charging power of the charging pile is used to the maximum extent, and the charging efficiency is improved.

[0115] In an exemplary embodiment, the charging adapter can linearly adjust the port voltage of the charging port. Before the main relay is closed, it uses a lower actual port voltage, i.e., the target voltage value, to adapt to charging piles with different output capabilities. Furthermore, after obtaining the maximum output capability of the charging pile, it can linearly adjust the port voltage of the charging port to reach an adaptation voltage value suitable for the charging mode before closing the main relay to begin charging. For example, an interactive schematic diagram of the vehicle charging method can be found in [reference needed]. Figure 5 ,include:

[0116] Step 501: After the user plugs in the charging gun, the entire vehicle is activated. This means that the vehicle establishes a connection with the charging station.

[0117] Step 502: The charging pile sends a charger handshake message (CHM) to the vehicle.

[0118] Step 503: The vehicle sends a BMS handshake message (BHM) to the charging station. This BHM carries the maximum permissible total charging voltage of the BMS.

[0119] Step 504: After the charging pile completes the insulation test, it sends a charger identification message (CRM) == 0X00. Before receiving the BMS identification message, the charging pile sends an acknowledgment code == 0X00, indicating that the charging pile cannot identify the BMS.

[0120] Step 505: After receiving the CRM, the vehicle sends a BMS and vehicle identification message (BRM). The BRM carries the total voltage of the power battery.

[0121] Step 506: The charging pile sends a charger identification message (CRM) == 0XAA to the vehicle (after receiving the BMS identification message, the charging pile sends an acknowledgment code == 0XAA to indicate that the charging pile can identify the BMS).

[0122] Step 507: After receiving the CRM verification, the vehicle sends a Battery Charging Parameter Message (BCP). The BCP carries the maximum permissible total charging voltage and the actual voltage, which is 385V. That is, in this example, the target voltage value is 385V.

[0123] Step 508: After receiving the BCP, the charging pile begins to send a maximum output capacity message (CML). The CML carries the charging pile's maximum output voltage, minimum output voltage, maximum output current, and minimum output current.

[0124] Step 509: Fix the charging port voltage at 385V via EVCA. Specifically, after the vehicle receives the CML, the VCU sends a target voltage command to the EVCA to fix the charging port voltage at 385V.

[0125] Step 510, close the fast charging relay, and monitor insulation.

[0126] Step 511, after receiving the CML, the vehicle starts sending the BMS vehicle end ready message (BRO. ready).

[0127] Step 512, the charging pile detects the BRO. ready, and sends the charging machine output ready message (CRO. not ready).

[0128] Step 513, determine whether the voltage is normal, if so, go to step 514, otherwise end the charging process. Specifically, if the charging pile determines that the port voltage is consistent with the actual voltage carried in the BCP message, it is determined that the voltage is normal, i.e., it is determined that the preset condition for entering power transmission is met, and then step 514 is entered.

[0129] Step 514, close the K1 relay and the K2 relay.

[0130] Step 515, the charging pile sends the charging machine output ready message (CRO. ready) to the vehicle.

[0131] Step 516, the vehicle sends the charging demand message (BCL). After the charging pile receives the above BCL, the charging pile starts to output voltage and current to the vehicle according to the voltage value requested by the vehicle to the charging pile carried in the BCL to start charging the vehicle.

[0132] Among them, the vehicle sends the charging demand message (BCL) carrying the voltage value requested by the vehicle to the charging pile, i.e., the above-mentioned adaptive voltage value.

[0133] In an exemplary embodiment, the adaptive voltage value can be determined based on the maximum output voltage in the CML, which can be divided into two branches a and b as follows:

[0134] Branch a: when the maximum output voltage of the charging pile is greater than 800V, the voltage value requested by the vehicle to the charging pile carried in the BCL can be an adaptive voltage value adapted to the series charging mode, for example, if it is determined that the current actual series voltage value of the power battery pack in the vehicle is 800V in the series charging mode, the adaptive voltage value adapted to the series charging mode can be 800V, or a value close to 800V. Optionally, the VCU can request the charging adapter EVCA to stop working, i.e., close the output of the EVCA, and request the charging pile to output the above-mentioned 800V voltage, so as to adjust the port voltage of the charging port to the current actual series voltage value of the power battery pack. The BMS can control the relay S1 and the relay S3 to be disconnected, and control the relay S2 to be closed, so as to make the multiple power batteries in the vehicle series, i.e., the vehicle enters the series charging mode. Then the main relay can be closed, and the power transmission can be started.

[0135] Branch b: when the maximum output voltage of the charging pile is less than 800V, the voltage value requested by the vehicle carrying the BCL to the charging pile can be an adaptive voltage value adapted to the parallel charging mode, for example, if it is determined that the current actual parallel voltage value of the power battery pack in the vehicle in the parallel charging mode is 400V, the adaptive voltage value adapted to the parallel charging mode can be 400V, or can be a value close to 400V. Optionally, the VCU can request the charging adapter EVCA to stop working, and request the charging pile to output the above-mentioned 400V voltage to adjust the port voltage of the charging port to the current actual parallel voltage value of the power battery pack. The BMS can control the relay S1 and the relay S3 to be closed, and control the relay S2 to be opened, so that the plurality of power batteries in the vehicle are connected in parallel, that is, the vehicle enters the parallel charging mode. Then the main relay can be closed to start the power transmission.

[0136] In the above-mentioned scheme of branch a, the charging pile can be a 1000V charging pile. In the above-mentioned scheme of branch b, the charging pile can be a 500V charging pile or a 750V charging pile. That is to say, when the vehicle is connected to a 500V charging pile or a 750V charging pile, the vehicle will be charged in the parallel charging mode until the charging is completed. When the vehicle is connected to a 1000V charging pile, the vehicle will be charged in the series charging mode until the charging is completed.

[0137] In the embodiment, the actual voltage of the charging port can be decoupled from the actual voltage of the battery pack and can be linearly regressed. Before the charging starts, that is, before the above-mentioned power transmission stage, the actual voltage of the charging port exists in a fixed target voltage value, meets the detection requirements of charging piles of different voltage platforms, realizes the direct current charging of the power battery through one communication, improves the charging compatibility and the probability of successful charging. And after obtaining the maximum output voltage of the charging pile, the charging pile can be requested to output an adaptive voltage value to adjust the voltage of the charging port to the optimal charging voltage, that is, the adaptive voltage value adapted to the charging mode, and then the main relay is closed for charging, thereby improving the charging efficiency.

[0138] In the exemplary embodiment, in addition to the above-mentioned branches a and b, the following branch c can also be included

[0139] Branch c: in the case that the maximum output voltage value of the charging pile is greater than 400V and the voltage difference between the maximum output voltage value and 400V is greater than 300V, for example, the charging pile is a 750V charging pile, the voltage value requested by the vehicle carrying the BCL to the charging pile can be an adaptive voltage value adapted to the series charging mode, which can be, for example, the actual series voltage value of the power battery pack at present. Optionally, the VCU can request the charging adapter EVCA to stop working, that is, to close the output of the EVCA, and request the charging pile to output the above-mentioned adaptive voltage value adapted to the series charging mode. The BMS can control the relay S1 and the relay S3 to be disconnected, and control the relay S2 to be closed, so that the plurality of power batteries in the vehicle are connected in series, that is, the vehicle enters the series charging mode. Then the main relay can be closed to start the power transmission. During the charging process, when it is detected that the current charging voltage of the vehicle reaches the maximum output voltage of the charging pile, that is, 750V, the BMS can control the main relay to be disconnected, and then switch the series charging mode to the parallel charging mode, linearly adjust the port voltage of the charging port to an adaptive voltage value adapted to the parallel charging mode through the charging adapter, and then re-control the main relay to be closed to continue the power transmission.

[0140] In the above-mentioned schemes of branch c and branch b, there are differences in the flow for the 750V charging pile. The specific differences are as follows: in the above-mentioned scheme of branch b, for the 750V charging pile, the vehicle will charge in the parallel charging mode until the charging is completed. In the above-mentioned scheme of branch c, the vehicle will initially charge in the series charging mode, and when the actual charging voltage of the vehicle reaches or approaches 750V, the vehicle switches from the series charging mode to the parallel charging mode to continue charging. For the 750V charging pile, the series charging mode is used first, so that in the series charging mode, the vehicle can request a charging voltage of 750V at most, so as to effectively utilize the charging efficiency of the 750V charging pile. When the voltage of the power battery pack is charged to approach or reach 750V, the series charging mode can be switched to the parallel charging mode to continue charging the power battery pack in the parallel charging mode, so that the power battery pack can be fully charged. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the charging capacity of the 750V charging pile can be maximally utilized, the charging power of the charging pile is used to the maximum extent, and the charging efficiency is improved. Moreover, in the present embodiment, the port voltage of the charging port is adjusted through the charging adapter before entering the power transmission stage or during the power transmission process, which is conducive to controlling the linear change of the port voltage and avoiding the stepwise mutation of the port voltage.

[0141] Figure 6 is a structural schematic diagram of a vehicle charging device provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0142] For example, Figure 6As shown, the device comprises: a processing module 601, configured to, before a charging pile and a vehicle establish a connection and the charging pile and the vehicle enter an electric energy transmission stage, perform packet communication with the charging pile based on a target voltage value preset for a charging port of the vehicle, and adjust a port voltage of the charging port to the target voltage value, so that the charging pile can detect that a preset condition for entering the electric energy transmission stage is met; a determination module 602, configured to, after entering the electric energy transmission stage, determine a charging mode matched with an output capability parameter of the charging pile according to the output capability parameter; and a control module 603, configured to control the vehicle to enter the charging mode, and control a main relay connected with a power battery pack in the vehicle to be closed, so that the charging pile charges the vehicle.

[0143] In a possible implementation, the device further comprises: a first adjustment module, configured to determine an actual voltage value of the power battery pack in the vehicle in the charging mode; and adjust the port voltage to an adapted voltage value adapted to the actual voltage value; and wherein a voltage difference between the actual voltage value and the adapted voltage value is less than or equal to a first preset difference.

[0144] In a possible implementation, the charging port of the vehicle is connected with a charging adapter, the charging adapter is configured to adjust the port voltage of the charging port, and the processing module comprises: a second adjustment module, configured to adjust the port voltage of the charging port to the target voltage value by the charging adapter.

[0145] In a possible implementation, the charging adapter comprises a power supply module and a boost circuit, an output end of the power supply module is connected with an input end of the boost circuit, and an output end of the boost circuit is connected with the charging port; and the charging adapter is configured to adjust the port voltage of the charging port according to an output voltage of the power supply module and the boost circuit.

[0146] In a possible implementation, when the charging adapter is a vehicle-mounted charging adapter, the power supply module is a storage battery or a power battery of the vehicle; and when the charging adapter is an external charging adapter, the vehicle and the charging pile are connected through the external charging adapter, the power supply module is an auxiliary power pin A+ of the charging pile connected with the charging port of the vehicle, and an output voltage of the power supply module is an auxiliary voltage provided by the auxiliary power pin A+.

[0147] In a possible implementation, the processing module comprises: a packet communication submodule, configured to send, after receiving the first target packet sent by the charging pile, a second target packet carrying the target voltage value to the charging pile; the first target packet is used to indicate that the charging pile can identify the vehicle; and a second adjustment module, configured to adjust the port voltage of the charging port to the target voltage value after receiving a third target packet sent by the charging pile, so that the charging pile detects that a difference between the actual voltage value of the charging port and the target voltage value carried in the second target packet satisfies a preset condition for entering the power transmission phase; the third target packet is used to indicate the output capability of the charging pile.

[0148] In a possible implementation, the output capability parameter of the charging pile comprises a maximum output voltage value, and the determining module is specifically configured to: when the maximum output voltage value of the charging pile is greater than or equal to a preset first rated voltage value, determine that the charging mode matched with the output capability parameter is the series charging mode; the first rated voltage value is a rated voltage value of the plurality of power batteries connected in series in the power battery pack; and when the maximum output voltage value of the charging pile is less than the first rated voltage value, determine that the charging mode matched with the output capability parameter is the parallel charging mode.

[0149] In a possible implementation, the output capability parameter of the charging pile comprises a maximum output voltage value, and the determining module is specifically configured to: in a case where the maximum output voltage value of the charging pile is greater than a second rated voltage value and a voltage difference between the maximum output voltage value and the second rated voltage value is greater than a second preset difference, determine that the charging mode matched with the output capability parameter is the series charging mode; the second rated voltage value is a rated voltage value of the plurality of power batteries connected in parallel in the power battery pack.

[0150] In a possible implementation, the control module is specifically configured to control the vehicle to enter the series charging mode; after the vehicle enters the series charging mode, the apparatus further comprises: a detection module, configured to detect a current charging voltage of the vehicle; and a mode switching module, configured to control the vehicle to switch from the series charging mode to the parallel charging mode in a case where a voltage difference between the current charging voltage and the maximum output voltage of the charging pile is less than a third preset difference, so as to charge the vehicle in the parallel charging mode.

[0151] In one possible implementation, the device further includes: a main relay control module, configured to control the main relay to disconnect before the vehicle switches from the series charging mode to the parallel charging mode; the main relay control module is also configured to control the main relay to close after the vehicle switches from the series charging mode to the parallel charging mode.

[0152] In one possible implementation, the device further includes: a third adjustment module, configured to determine the current actual parallel voltage value of the power battery pack in the parallel charging mode before controlling the closing of the main relay; adjust the port voltage to a parallel adaptation voltage value that matches the actual parallel voltage value; wherein the voltage difference between the actual parallel voltage value and the parallel adaptation voltage value is less than or equal to a fourth preset difference.

[0153] In one possible implementation, the processing module is specifically used to control the vehicle to enter the parallel charging mode and control the main relay to close so that the port voltage of the charging port is the target voltage value; the control module is specifically used to: if the charging mode matching the output capability parameter is the series charging mode, then control the vehicle to switch from the parallel charging mode to the series charging mode.

[0154] In one possible implementation, the target voltage value is less than or equal to 500V.

[0155] This embodiment can divide the vehicle into functional modules according to the above method example. For example, each function can be assigned to a separate module, or two or more functions can be integrated into one processing module. The integrated module can be implemented in hardware. It should be noted that the module division in this embodiment is illustrative and only represents one logical functional division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods.

[0156] When each functional module is divided according to its corresponding function, the vehicle may include a processing module, a determination module, a control module, etc. It should be noted that all relevant content of each step involved in the above method embodiments can be referenced from the functional description of the corresponding functional module, and will not be repeated here.

[0157] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a vehicle provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0158] For example, such as Figure 7 As shown, the vehicle includes a memory 701 and a processor 702, wherein the memory 701 stores executable program code, and the processor 702 is used to call and execute the executable program code to perform a method for charging the vehicle.

[0159] The vehicle provided by the embodiment is used for executing the method for charging the vehicle, and thus the same effects as the method can be achieved.

[0160] In the case of using the integrated unit, the vehicle can include a processing module and a storage module. The processing module can be used to control and manage the actions of the vehicle. The storage module can be used to support the vehicle to execute mutual program codes and data.

[0161] The processing module can be a processor or a controller, which can realize or execute various exemplary logical blocks, modules and circuits represented in combination with the disclosure of the present application. The processor can also be a combination of computing functions, such as including one or more microprocessor combinations, a combination of digital signal processing (DSP) and microprocessor, etc., and the storage module can be a memory.

[0162] The embodiment also provides a computer readable storage medium, which stores computer program codes, and when the computer program codes are run on a computer, the computer executes the related method steps to realize the method for charging the vehicle in the above embodiment.

[0163] The embodiment also provides a computer program product, which, when run on a computer, makes the computer execute the related steps to realize the method for charging the vehicle in the above embodiment.

[0164] In addition, the vehicle provided by the embodiment of the present application can be a chip, an assembly or a module, and the vehicle can include a connected processor and a memory; the memory is used to store instructions, and when the vehicle is running, the processor can call and execute the instructions to make the chip execute the method for charging the vehicle in the above embodiment.

[0165] The vehicle, the computer readable storage medium, the computer program product or the chip provided by the embodiment are used to execute the corresponding method provided above, and thus the beneficial effects that can be achieved can refer to the beneficial effects of the corresponding method provided above, which will not be described here.

[0166] Through the description of the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can understand that, for the convenience and brevity of description, only the division of the above functional modules is taken as an example for illustration, and in actual application, the above functions can be completed by different functional modules according to needs, that is, the internal structure of the device is divided into different functional modules to complete all or part of the functions described above.

[0167] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus and method can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely schematic, and the division of the modules or units is merely a logical function division. In actual implementation, another division manner can be adopted, for example, a plurality of units or components can be combined or integrated into another apparatus, or some features can be ignored or not executed. In addition, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection between the units shown or discussed can be indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, apparatuses or units, and can be electrical, mechanical or in other forms.

[0168] The above merely describes specific embodiments of the present disclosure, but the protection scope of the present disclosure is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or replacements within the technical scope disclosed by the present disclosure, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, the protection scope of the present disclosure should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method of charging a vehicle, characterized by, The method comprises: Before the charging pile and the vehicle establish a connection and the charging pile and the vehicle enter an electric energy transmission stage, communicating with the charging pile based on a target voltage value preset for a charging port of the vehicle, and adjusting a port voltage of the charging port to the target voltage value, so that the charging pile can detect that a preset condition for entering the electric energy transmission stage is met; After entering the electric energy transmission stage, determining a charging mode matched with an output capability parameter of the charging pile according to the output capability parameter; Controlling the vehicle to enter the charging mode, and controlling a main relay connected with a power battery pack in the vehicle to be closed, so that the charging pile charges the vehicle.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, Before the control of the main relay connected with the power battery pack in the vehicle to be closed, the method further comprises: Determining a current actual voltage value of the power battery pack in the charging mode; Adjusting the port voltage to an adapted voltage value adapted to the actual voltage value; wherein a voltage difference between the actual voltage value and the adapted voltage value is less than or equal to a first preset difference.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein, The charging port of the vehicle is connected with a charging adapter, and the charging adapter is used to adjust the port voltage of the charging port. The adjustment of the port voltage of the charging port to the target voltage value comprises: Adjusting the port voltage of the charging port to the target voltage value by the charging adapter.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein, The charging adapter comprises a power supply module and a boost circuit, an output end of the power supply module is connected with an input end of the boost circuit, and an output end of the boost circuit is connected with the charging port. The charging adapter is used to adjust the port voltage of the charging port according to an output voltage of the power supply module and the boost circuit.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein, In the case that the charging adapter is a vehicle-mounted charging adapter, the power supply module is a storage battery or a power battery of the vehicle. In the case that the charging adapter is an external charging adapter, the vehicle and the charging pile are connected through the external charging adapter, the power supply module is an auxiliary power pin A+ of an auxiliary power supply of the charging pile connected with the charging port of the vehicle, and an output voltage of the power supply module is an auxiliary voltage provided by the auxiliary power pin A+.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein, The communication with the charging pile based on the target voltage value preset for the charging port of the vehicle, and the adjustment of the port voltage of the charging port to the target voltage value, so that the charging pile can detect that the preset condition for entering the electric energy transmission stage is met, comprise: After receiving a first target message sent by the charging pile, sending a second target message carrying the target voltage value to the charging pile; wherein the first target message is used to represent that the charging pile can identify the vehicle. adjusting a port voltage of the charging port to the target voltage value, so that the charging pile detects that a difference between an actual voltage value of the charging port and the target voltage value carried in the second target message satisfies a preset condition for entering the power transmission phase; wherein the third target message is used to represent an output capability of the charging pile.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein, The output capability parameter of the charging pile includes a maximum output voltage value, and the determining of the charging mode matched with the output capability parameter according to the output capability parameter of the charging pile includes: when the maximum output voltage value of the charging pile is greater than or equal to a preset first rated voltage value, determining that the charging mode matched with the output capability parameter is a series charging mode; wherein the first rated voltage value is a rated voltage value of a plurality of power batteries in the power battery pack connected in series; when the maximum output voltage value of the charging pile is less than the first rated voltage value, determining that the charging mode matched with the output capability parameter is a parallel charging mode.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein, The output capability parameter of the charging pile includes a maximum output voltage value, and the determining of the charging mode matched with the output capability parameter according to the output capability parameter of the charging pile includes: when the maximum output voltage value of the charging pile is greater than a second rated voltage value and a voltage difference between the maximum output voltage value and the second rated voltage value is greater than a second preset difference value, determining that the charging mode matched with the output capability parameter is a series charging mode; wherein the second rated voltage value is a rated voltage value of a plurality of power batteries in the power battery pack connected in parallel.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein, The controlling of the vehicle into the charging mode includes: controlling the vehicle into the series charging mode; after the controlling of the vehicle into the series charging mode, the method further includes: detecting a current charging voltage of the vehicle; when a voltage difference between the current charging voltage and the maximum output voltage of the charging pile is less than a third preset difference value, controlling the vehicle to switch from the series charging mode to a parallel charging mode to charge the vehicle in the parallel charging mode.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein, before the controlling of the vehicle to switch from the series charging mode to the parallel charging mode, the method further includes: controlling the main relay to be opened; after the controlling of the vehicle to switch from the series charging mode to the parallel charging mode, the method further includes: controlling the main relay to be closed.

11. The method of claim 10, wherein, before the controlling of the main relay to be closed, the method further includes: determining an actual parallel voltage value of the power battery pack in the parallel charging mode; adjusting the port voltage to a parallel adaptive voltage value matched with the actual parallel voltage value; wherein a voltage difference between the actual parallel voltage value and the parallel adaptive voltage value is less than or equal to a fourth preset difference value.

12. The method of claim 1, wherein, The adjusting of the port voltage of the charging port to the target voltage value includes: controlling the vehicle to enter the charging mode and controlling the main relay to be closed so that a port voltage of the charging port is a target voltage value; the controlling the vehicle to enter the charging mode comprises: if the charging mode matched with the output capability parameter is the series charging mode, controlling the vehicle to switch from the parallel charging mode to the series charging mode.

13. An apparatus for charging a vehicle, characterized by The device comprises: a processing module, configured to, before a charging pile and a vehicle establish a connection and the charging pile and the vehicle enter an electric energy transmission stage, perform packet communication with the charging pile based on a target voltage value preset for a charging port of the vehicle, and adjust a port voltage of the charging port to the target voltage value, so that the charging pile can detect that a preset condition for entering the electric energy transmission stage is met; a determining module, configured to, after entering the electric energy transmission stage, determine a charging mode matched with an output capability parameter of the charging pile according to the output capability parameter; a control module, configured to control the vehicle to enter the charging mode and control a main relay connected with a power battery pack in the vehicle to be closed, so that the charging pile charges the vehicle.

14. A vehicle characterized by comprising: The vehicle comprises: a memory, configured to store executable program code; a processor, configured to call and run the executable program code from the memory, so that the vehicle performs the method in any one of claims 1 to 12.

15. A computer readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer readable storage medium stores a computer program, when the computer program is executed, the method in any one of claims 1 to 12 is realized. The computer readable storage medium stores a computer program, when the computer program is executed, the method in any one of claims 1 to 12 is realized.

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