Power distribution method and device for fuel cell system and fuel cell system

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of fuel cell system power distribution, and particularly relates to a fuel cell system power distribution method and device and a fuel cell system, wherein the method comprises: S101. obtaining current demand power P of the fuel cell system req ; S102. matching a power distribution strategy of the fuel cell system according to the current demand power P req ; S103. performing power distribution on a first sub-fuel cell system, a second sub-fuel cell system and a battery pack in the fuel cell system according to the power distribution strategy. The fuel cell system power distribution method according to the embodiment of the present application solves the problems of low power generation efficiency and high energy consumption when the fuel cell system is used for power distribution, and improves the operation efficiency when two same fuel cell systems are operated in parallel by distributing more power to the high-efficiency interval of the fuel cell, thereby achieving energy saving and environmental protection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fuel cell system technology, and in particular to a power distribution method, apparatus and fuel cell system for a fuel cell system. Background Technology

[0002] With the development and application of science and technology, the extensive use of fossil energy has led to severe environmental problems. Clean and efficient power generation technology has become a focus of attention for all sectors of society. Against this backdrop, fuel cells have reappeared in people's view. As the application scenarios of fuel cells become more diverse, the demand for high power is increasing, such as in heavy-duty vehicles.

[0003] Due to the large power demand, a single fuel cell system cannot meet the power requirements. At present, a strategy of dual or even multiple systems working simultaneously is often adopted. However, the lack of an efficient power distribution strategy for multiple fuel systems results in low power generation efficiency, which does not conform to the concept of energy conservation and emission reduction and urgently needs to be improved. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention aims to propose a power distribution method for a fuel cell system. This method solves the problems of low power generation efficiency and high energy consumption when using a fuel cell system for power distribution. By allocating more power to the high-efficiency range of the fuel cell, the operating efficiency of two fuel cell systems operating in parallel is improved, thereby achieving energy conservation and environmental protection.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is implemented as follows:

[0006] A power distribution method for a fuel cell system includes the following steps:

[0007] S101. Obtain the current power demand P of the fuel cell system. req ;

[0008] S102. Based on the current power demand P req Matching the power distribution strategy of the fuel cell system; and

[0009] S103. Power is allocated to the first sub-fuel cell system, the second sub-fuel cell system, and the battery pack in the fuel cell system according to the power allocation strategy.

[0010] Furthermore, prior to step S101, the following steps are also included:

[0011] Steady-state tests were performed on the fuel cell system to obtain multiple sets of test values ​​for the efficiency η and net output power P0 of the fuel cell system.

[0012] The efficiency-net power relationship function is obtained by fitting multiple sets of test values ​​of the efficiency η and the net output power P0: η = f(P0);

[0013] Based on the efficiency-net power relationship function, the maximum output power P of the fuel cell system is determined. max and minimum output power P min and η=(η max +η min Substituting 1 / 2 into the efficiency-net power relationship function, we obtain the reference power P. c .

[0014] Furthermore, the step of... based on the current power demand P req Matching the power distribution strategy of the fuel cell system includes:

[0015] To obtain the remaining power of a lithium-ion battery pack;

[0016] The current power demand P req Greater than the first preset value and less than the reference power P c If the remaining power is greater than the preset power, then the lithium-ion battery pack is controlled to operate according to the current power demand P. req If the remaining power is less than or equal to the preset power, the first sub-fuel system is controlled to output power at the minimum output power P. min To output power;

[0017] The current power demand P req Greater than the reference power P c And when it is less than the second preset value; if the current required power P req If the value is less than the third preset value, then both the first sub-fuel system and the second sub-fuel system will be controlled to operate at the current required power P. req Half of the power is output; if the current power demand P req If the value is greater than or equal to the third preset value, then the current power demand P is used as a reference. req With the reference power P c The difference between the first sub-fuel system and the second sub-fuel system determines the output power, wherein if the difference is less than the maximum output power P max Then control the first sub-fuel system at the reference power P. c Produce power output and control the second sub-fuel system to produce power output at the difference; if the difference is greater than or equal to the maximum output power P max Then, both the first sub-fuel system and the second sub-fuel system are controlled to operate at the current required power P. req Half of the power is output;

[0018] If the current power demand P req If the value is greater than or equal to the second preset value, then the first sub-fuel system and the second sub-fuel system are controlled to operate at the maximum output power P. max To output power.

[0019] Furthermore, the second preset value is greater than the third preset value, and the third preset value is greater than the first preset value.

[0020] Furthermore, the second preset value is the maximum output power P. max The third preset value is twice the reference power P. c Twice as much.

[0021] The power allocation method for a fuel cell system according to this invention obtains the current power demand P of the fuel cell system. req A power allocation strategy is developed to match the power distribution within the fuel cell system, specifically the first sub-fuel cell system, the second sub-fuel cell system, and the battery pack. This solves the problems of low power generation efficiency and high energy consumption when using fuel cell systems for power allocation. By distributing more power to the high-efficiency range of the fuel cells, the operating efficiency of two fuel cell systems operating in parallel is improved, achieving energy conservation and environmental protection.

[0022] Another objective of this invention is to provide a power distribution device for a fuel cell system. This device solves the problems of low power generation efficiency and high energy consumption when power is distributed in a fuel cell system. By distributing more power to the high-efficiency range of the fuel cell, the operating efficiency of two identical fuel cell systems running in parallel is improved, thereby achieving energy conservation and environmental protection.

[0023] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is implemented as follows:

[0024] A power distribution device for a fuel cell system, comprising:

[0025] The acquisition module is used to acquire the current power demand P of the fuel cell system. req ;

[0026] The matching module is used to match the current power demand P. req Matching the power distribution strategy of the fuel cell system; and

[0027] The allocation module is used to allocate power to the first sub-fuel cell system, the second sub-fuel cell system, and the battery pack in the fuel cell system according to the power allocation strategy.

[0028] Furthermore, after obtaining the current power demand P of the fuel cell system... req Previously, the acquisition module was also used for:

[0029] Steady-state tests were performed on the fuel cell system to obtain multiple sets of test values ​​for the efficiency η and net output power P0 of the fuel cell system.

[0030] The efficiency-net power relationship function is obtained by fitting multiple sets of test values ​​of the efficiency η and the net output power P0: η = f(P0);

[0031] Based on the efficiency-net power relationship function, the maximum output power P of the fuel cell system is determined. max and minimum output power P min and η=(η max +η min Substituting 1 / 2 into the efficiency-net power relationship function, we obtain the reference power P. c .

[0032] Furthermore, the matching module is specifically used for:

[0033] To obtain the remaining power of a lithium-ion battery pack;

[0034] The current power demand P req Greater than the first preset value and less than the reference power P c If the remaining power is greater than the preset power, then the lithium-ion battery pack is controlled to operate according to the current power demand P. req If the remaining power is less than or equal to the preset power, the first sub-fuel system is controlled to output power at the minimum output power P. min To output power;

[0035] The current power demand P req Greater than the reference power P c And if the current power demand is less than the second preset value; if the current power demand is less than the third preset value, then control both the first sub-fuel system and the second sub-fuel system to operate at the current power demand P. req Half of the power is output; if the current power demand P req If the value is greater than or equal to the third preset value, then the current power demand P is used as a reference. req With the reference power P c The difference between the first sub-fuel system and the second sub-fuel system determines the output power, wherein if the difference is less than the maximum output power P max Then control the first sub-fuel system at the reference power P. cProduce power output and control the second sub-fuel system to produce power output at the difference; if the difference is greater than or equal to the maximum output power P max Then, both the first sub-fuel system and the second sub-fuel system are controlled to operate at the current required power P. req Half of the power is output;

[0036] If the current power demand P req If the value is greater than or equal to the second preset value, then the first sub-fuel system and the second sub-fuel system are controlled to operate at the maximum output power P. max To output power.

[0037] Furthermore, the second preset value is greater than the third preset value, and the third preset value is greater than the first preset value.

[0038] Furthermore, the second preset value is the maximum output power P. max The third preset value is twice the reference power P. c Twice as much.

[0039] The power distribution device of the fuel cell system described above has the same advantages over the prior art as the power distribution method of the fuel cell system described above, and will not be repeated here.

[0040] Another object of the present invention is to provide a fuel cell system comprising a power distribution device for a fuel cell system as described in any of the preceding claims.

[0041] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is implemented as follows:

[0042] A fuel cell system is provided with a power distribution device as described in the above embodiments.

[0043] Another object of the present invention is to provide a vehicle comprising a fuel cell system as claimed above.

[0044] The vehicle described herein has the same advantages over the prior art as the power distribution device of the aforementioned fuel cell system, and will not be repeated here. Attached Figure Description

[0045] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. In the drawings:

[0046] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a power distribution method for a fuel cell system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of system efficiency-net output power according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 3 This is a power distribution flowchart of a fuel cell system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 4 A block diagram of the power distribution device of a fuel cell system according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0050] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in the present invention can be combined with each other.

[0051] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0052] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a power distribution method for a fuel cell system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0053] like Figure 1 As shown, the power distribution method of the fuel cell system according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps:

[0054] Step S101: Obtain the current power demand P of the fuel cell system. req .

[0055] Furthermore, in some embodiments, before step S101, the method further includes: performing a steady-state test on the fuel cell system to obtain multiple sets of test values ​​for the efficiency η and net output power P0 of the fuel cell system; fitting the multiple sets of test values ​​for efficiency η and net output power P0 to obtain an efficiency-net power relationship function: η = f(P0); and determining the maximum output power P of the fuel cell system based on the efficiency-net power relationship function. max and minimum output power P min and η=(η max +η min Substituting 1 / 2 into the efficiency-net power relationship function, we obtain the reference power P. c .

[0056] Specifically, as an energy conversion device, a fuel cell system can directly convert the chemical energy stored in fuel into electrical energy through an electrochemical reaction. However, this technology is still in the active research stage. Therefore, when performing energy conversion through a fuel cell system, it is necessary to conduct steady-state testing. Steady-state testing provides reliable monitoring of the fuel cell, as well as flexibility and versatility, which is conducive to improving the application level of fuel cells.

[0057] Specifically, in this embodiment of the invention, after conducting steady-state tests on the fuel cell system, firstly, multiple sets of test values ​​for the efficiency η and net output power P0 of the fuel cell system are fitted to obtain a relationship function based on efficiency-net output power, i.e., η = f(P0); secondly, based on the efficiency-net power relationship function, the maximum output power P of the fuel cell system can be determined. max and minimum output power P min Finally, to avoid extreme values ​​in the efficiency η of the fuel cell system, which could affect its operating state, the maximum efficiency P of the fuel cell system can be used as a reference. max and minimum efficiency P min Half of the sum, that is, η = (η max +η min Substituting η / 2 into the efficiency-net output power relationship function η=f(P0) obtained above, we can obtain the reference power P. c Therefore, based on the obtained reference power P c The efficiency-net output power relationship function can be divided into two intervals, namely (P min P c ) and (P c P max ).

[0058] In summary, the maximum output power P is obtained through the relationship function between efficiency and net output power. max Minimum output power P min and reference power P c Obtain the current power demand P of the fuel cell system req .

[0059] Step S102, based on the current power demand P req Match the power distribution strategy of the fuel cell system.

[0060] Furthermore, in some embodiments, based on the current power demand P req Matching the power allocation strategy of the fuel cell system includes: obtaining the remaining capacity of the lithium-ion battery pack; and allocating power according to the current demand P. req Greater than the first preset value and less than the reference power P c If the remaining power is greater than the preset power, then control the lithium-ion battery pack to operate at the current required power P. req If the remaining battery power is less than or equal to the preset battery power, the first sub-fuel system will output power at the minimum level P. min To output power; at the current power demand P req When the current power demand P is greater than the reference power but less than the second preset value, reqIf the value is less than the third preset value, then both the first and second sub-fuel systems will be controlled to operate at the current required power P. req Half of the power is output; if the current power demand P req If the value is greater than or equal to the third preset value, then the current power demand P will be used. req With reference power P c The difference between the first and second sub-fuel systems determines the output power of the first sub-fuel system. If the difference is less than the maximum output power P... max Then control the first sub-fuel system to the reference power P c Produce power output and control the second sub-fuel system to output power differentially; if the differential is greater than or equal to the maximum output power P max Then, control both the first and second sub-fuel systems at the current required power P. req Half of the power is output; if the current power demand P req If the value is greater than or equal to the second preset value, then the first sub-fuel system and the second sub-fuel system are controlled to operate at the maximum output power P. max To output power.

[0061] The first preset value, the second preset value, the third preset value, and the preset power level can all be set according to actual testing requirements. Preferably, to ensure efficient operation of this embodiment of the invention, the first preset value can be 0; the second preset value can be twice the maximum output power, i.e., 2P. max The third preset value is twice the reference power, i.e., 2P. c The preset battery level is b. The second preset value is greater than the third preset value, and the third preset value is greater than the first preset value.

[0062] Specifically, since the technical solution adopted in this embodiment of the invention uses a strategy of power distribution through two identical fuel cell systems connected in parallel, the two fuel cell systems can be referred to as the first sub-fuel system (System 1) and the second sub-fuel system (System 2). Furthermore, to optimize cost, power consumption, and other reliability aspects of the technical solution, this embodiment also requires a lithium-ion battery pack, i.e., a System on Chip (SOC). It should be noted that to improve the stability of the fuel cell system operation, appropriate limitations need to be imposed on the SOC, such as… Figure 2 As shown, based on practical applications, it can be limited to a < SOC < b, where 0 < a and b < 1. The values ​​of a and b can be determined based on the change rate of the polarization voltage of the lithium battery. Preferably, a is 20% and b is 90%, but no specific limitation is made here.

[0063] Furthermore, such as Figure 3As shown, the embodiments of the present invention employ a strategy of power distribution using two identical fuel cell systems connected in parallel, and the power distribution method can be implemented in various ways.

[0064] As one feasible approach, the current power demand P is first obtained. req Reference power P c And the remaining SOC power. At the current power demand P req Greater than the first preset value and less than the reference power P c If the remaining power is greater than the preset power, then control the lithium-ion battery pack to operate at the current required power P. req If the remaining battery power is less than or equal to the preset battery power, the first sub-fuel system will output power at the minimum level P. min To output power. That is, to provide power at the current demand P. req Greater than 0 and less than P c That is, 0 < P req <P c If SOC > b, then neither the first nor the second sub-fuel system will operate. The lithium-ion battery pack will be controlled to operate according to the current power demand P. req Produce power output; otherwise, control the first sub-fuel system to output the minimum power P. min To output power, i.e., when 0 < P req <P c When SOC ≤ b, control the first sub-fuel system to P min To output power.

[0065] As another feasible approach, given the current power demand P req Greater than the reference power P c And if it is less than the second preset value, if the current required power P req If the value is less than the third preset value, then both the first and second sub-fuel systems will be controlled to operate at the current required power P. req Half of the power is output. That is, at the current power demand P... req Greater than P c And less than 2P max At that time, further determine the current power demand P req Is it less than 2P? c If the current power demand P req Less than 2P c Then, both the first and second sub-fuel systems are controlled by P. req / 2 provides electrical energy; otherwise, further determine the current power demand P. req Is it greater than or equal to the third preset value? If the current power demand P req Greater than or equal to the third preset value, i.e., P req ≥2Pc Then, based on the current power demand P req With reference power P c The difference determines the output power of the first sub-fuel system and the second sub-fuel system.

[0066] Where, when P req ≥2P c At this point, it is necessary to further determine the current power demand P. req With reference power P c The difference between the maximum output power P and the maximum output power P max The relationship between them, if the difference is less than the maximum output power P max Then control the first sub-fuel system to the reference power P c It outputs power and controls the second sub-fuel system to output power differentially, that is, when P req -P c <P max At that time, the first sub-fuel system was P c To output power, the second sub-fuel system uses P req -P c Perform power output; if the difference is greater than or equal to the maximum output power P max Then, control both the first and second sub-fuel systems at the current required power P. req Half of the power is output, that is, when P... req -P c ≥P max At that time, both the first and second sub-fuel systems used P req / 2 is used for power output.

[0067] As another feasible approach, if the current power demand P req If the value is greater than or equal to the second preset value, then the first sub-fuel system and the second sub-fuel system are controlled to operate at the maximum output power P. max To output power, that is, when P req ≥2P max At that time, both the first and second sub-fuel systems used P max To output power.

[0068] Step S103: Power is allocated to the first sub-fuel cell system, the second sub-fuel cell system, and the battery pack in the fuel cell system according to the power allocation strategy.

[0069] Specifically, through the detailed description of the above specific embodiments, a power allocation strategy for the two fuel cell systems under different power ranges can be obtained. Through this strategy allocation, the efficiency of the fuel cell system is maximized, and it is more energy-saving and environmentally friendly while meeting the power demand, reflecting the concept of green development.

[0070] The power allocation method for a fuel cell system according to this invention obtains the current power demand P of the fuel cell system. req A power allocation strategy is developed to match the power distribution within the fuel cell system, specifically the first sub-fuel cell system, the second sub-fuel cell system, and the battery pack. This solves the problems of low power generation efficiency and high energy consumption that often occur when power is allocated within a fuel cell system. By distributing more power to the high-efficiency range of the fuel cells, the operating efficiency of two identical fuel cell systems operating in parallel is improved, achieving energy conservation and environmental protection.

[0071] Furthermore, such as Figure 4 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention also discloses a power distribution device 10 for a fuel cell system, which includes: an acquisition module 100, a matching module 200 and a distribution module 300.

[0072] Specifically, such as Figure 4 As shown,

[0073] The acquisition module 100 is used to acquire the current power demand P of the fuel cell system. req ;

[0074] Matching module 200 is used to match the current required power P req Matching the power distribution strategy of the fuel cell system; and

[0075] The distribution module 300 is used to distribute power to the first sub-fuel cell system, the second sub-fuel cell system, and the battery pack in the fuel cell system according to the power distribution strategy.

[0076] Furthermore, in obtaining the current power demand P of the fuel cell system... req Previously, the acquisition module was also used for:

[0077] Steady-state tests were conducted on the fuel cell system to obtain multiple sets of test values ​​for the efficiency η and net output power P0 of the fuel cell system.

[0078] By fitting multiple sets of test values ​​of efficiency η and net output power P0, the efficiency-net power relationship function is obtained: η=f(P0);

[0079] Based on the efficiency-net power relationship function, determine the maximum output power P of the fuel cell system. max and minimum output power Pmin and η=(η max +η min Substituting 1 / 2 into the efficiency-net power relationship function, we obtain the reference power P. c .

[0080] Furthermore, the matching module is specifically used for:

[0081] To obtain the remaining power of a lithium-ion battery pack;

[0082] When the current power demand Preq is greater than the first preset value and less than the reference power Pc, if the remaining power is greater than the preset power, the lithium-ion battery pack is controlled to output power according to the current power demand Preq; if the remaining power is less than or equal to the preset power, the first sub-fuel system is controlled to output power at the minimum output power Pmin.

[0083] When the current demand power Preq is greater than the reference power Pc and less than the second preset value, if the current demand power is less than the third preset value, then both the first sub-fuel system and the second sub-fuel system are controlled to output power at half of the current demand power Preq; if the current demand power Pc is less than the third preset value, then the first sub-fuel system and the second sub-fuel system are controlled to output power at half of the current demand power Preq; req If the value is greater than or equal to the third preset value, then the current power demand P will be used. req With reference power P c The difference between the first and second sub-fuel systems determines the output power of the first sub-fuel system. If the difference is less than the maximum output power P... max Then control the first sub-fuel system to the reference power P c Produce power output and control the second sub-fuel system to output power differentially; if the differential is greater than or equal to the maximum output power P max Then, control both the first and second sub-fuel systems at the current required power P. req Half of the power is output;

[0084] If the current power demand P req If the value is greater than or equal to the second preset value, then the first sub-fuel system and the second sub-fuel system are controlled to operate at the maximum output power P. max To output power.

[0085] Furthermore, the second preset value is greater than the third preset value, and the third preset value is greater than the first preset value.

[0086] Furthermore, the second power value is the maximum output power P. max Twice that, the third preset value is the reference power P. c Twice as much.

[0087] The power distribution device of the fuel cell system in this embodiment of the invention obtains the current power demand P of the fuel cell system.req A power allocation strategy is developed to match the power distribution within the fuel cell system, specifically the first sub-fuel cell system, the second sub-fuel cell system, and the battery pack. This solves the problems of low power generation efficiency and high energy consumption that often occur when power is allocated within a fuel cell system. By distributing more power to the high-efficiency range of the fuel cells, the operating efficiency of two identical fuel cell systems operating in parallel is improved, achieving energy conservation and environmental protection.

[0088] Furthermore, embodiments of the present invention disclose a fuel cell system, which is provided with a power distribution device as described in the above embodiments of the fuel cell system.

[0089] Furthermore, embodiments of the present invention also disclose a vehicle including the fuel cell system described above.

[0090] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A power distribution method for a fuel cell system, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S101. Obtain the current power demand P of the fuel cell system. req ; S102. Based on the current power demand P req Match the power distribution strategy of the fuel cell system; as well as S103. Power is allocated to the first sub-fuel cell system, the second sub-fuel cell system, and the battery pack in the fuel cell system according to the power allocation strategy; Prior to step S101, the method further includes: performing a steady-state test on the fuel cell system to obtain multiple sets of test values ​​for the efficiency η and net output power P0 of the fuel cell system; and fitting the multiple sets of test values ​​for the efficiency η and net output power P0 to obtain an efficiency-net power relationship function: η = f (P0); Based on the efficiency-net power relationship function, determine the maximum output power P of the fuel cell system. max and minimum output power P min and η=(η max +η min Substituting 1 / 2 into the efficiency-net power relationship function, we obtain the reference power P. c ; Step S102 includes: obtaining the remaining power of the lithium-ion battery pack; and determining the current power demand P. req Greater than the first preset value and less than the reference power P c If the remaining power is greater than the preset power, then the lithium-ion battery pack is controlled to operate according to the current power demand P. req If the remaining power is less than or equal to a preset power, the first sub-fuel cell system is controlled to output power at the minimum output power P. min To output power; at the current required power P req Greater than the reference power P c And when it is less than the second preset value; if the current required power P req If the value is less than the third preset value, then both the first sub-fuel cell system and the second sub-fuel cell system will be controlled to operate at the current required power P. req Half of the power is output; if the current power demand P req If the value is greater than or equal to the third preset value, then the current power demand P is used as a reference. req With the reference power P c The difference between the values ​​determines the output power of the first sub-fuel cell system and the second sub-fuel cell system, wherein if the difference is less than the maximum output power P... max Then control the first sub-fuel cell system to operate at the reference power P. c Produce power output and control the second sub-fuel cell system to output power at the difference; if the difference is greater than or equal to the maximum output power P max Then, both the first sub-fuel cell system and the second sub-fuel cell system are controlled to operate at the current required power P. req Half of the power is output; if the current power demand P req If the value is greater than or equal to the second preset value, then the first sub-fuel cell system and the second sub-fuel cell system are controlled to operate at the maximum output power P. max To output power.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second preset value is greater than the third preset value, and the third preset value is greater than the first preset value.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The second preset value is the maximum output power P. max The third preset value is twice the reference power P. c Twice as much.

4. A power distribution device for a fuel cell system, characterized in that, include: The acquisition module is used to acquire the current power demand P of the fuel cell system. req ; The matching module is used to match the current power demand P. req Match the power distribution strategy of the fuel cell system; as well as The power allocation module is used to allocate power to the first sub-fuel cell system, the second sub-fuel cell system, and the battery pack in the fuel cell system according to the power allocation strategy. Among them, in obtaining the current power demand P of the fuel cell system req Previously, the acquisition module was also used to: perform steady-state testing on the fuel cell system to obtain multiple sets of test values ​​for the efficiency η and net output power P0 of the fuel cell system; and fit the multiple sets of test values ​​for the efficiency η and net output power P0 to obtain an efficiency-net power relationship function: η = f (P0); Based on the efficiency-net power relationship function, determine the maximum output power P of the fuel cell system. max and minimum output power P min and η=(η max +η min Substituting 1 / 2 into the efficiency-net power relationship function, we obtain the reference power P. c ; The matching module is specifically used for: obtaining the remaining power of the lithium-ion battery pack; and determining the current required power P. req Greater than the first preset value and less than the reference power P c If the remaining power is greater than the preset power, then the lithium-ion battery pack is controlled to operate according to the current power demand P. req If the remaining power is less than or equal to the preset power, the first sub-fuel cell system is controlled to output power at the minimum output power P. min To output power; at the current required power P req Greater than the reference power P c And when it is less than the second preset value; if the current required power P req If the value is less than the third preset value, then both the first sub-fuel cell system and the second sub-fuel cell system will be controlled to operate at the current required power P. req Half of the power is output; if the current power demand P req If the value is greater than or equal to the third preset value, then the current power demand P is used as a reference. req With the reference power P c The difference between the values ​​determines the output power of the first sub-fuel cell system and the second sub-fuel cell system, wherein if the difference is less than the maximum output power P... max Then control the first sub-fuel cell system to operate at the reference power P. c Produce power output and control the second sub-fuel cell system to output power at the difference; if the difference is greater than or equal to the maximum output power P max Then, both the first sub-fuel cell system and the second sub-fuel cell system are controlled to operate at the current required power P. req Half of the power is output; if the current power demand P req If the value is greater than or equal to the second preset value, then the first sub-fuel cell system and the second sub-fuel cell system are controlled to operate at the maximum output power P. max To output power.

5. A fuel cell system, characterized in that, include: The power distribution device for the fuel cell system as described in claim 4.

6. A vehicle, characterized in that, include: The fuel cell system as described in claim 5.

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