A device and process for rapid oil removal from oil-containing ammonia water

Abstract

The present application belongs to the field of environmental protection and resource technology, and relates to a device and process for rapidly removing oil from oil-containing ammonia water. The device comprises a first oil-water separation device and a second oil-water separation device. The first oil-water separation device comprises a primary oil removal chamber, an intermediate oil removal chamber and a final oil removal chamber. The primary and final oil removal chambers are provided with first oil removal elements, and the intermediate oil removal chamber is provided with second oil removal elements. The second oil-water separation device comprises a demulsification chamber and a light-heavy oil separation chamber, and the demulsification chamber is provided with third oil removal elements. The first oil removal elements are multi-layer oil-wet hydrophobic plates made of super oil-wet hydrophobic high-molecular organic material. The second oil removal elements are space net-like fiber structures made of super oil-wet hydrophobic material. The third oil removal elements are organic composite membranes made of demulsification material. The present application solves the problems of difficult separation and slow separation of coal tar in circulating ammonia water in the production process of semi-coke.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of environmental protection and resource utilization, and particularly relates to a device and process for rapidly removing oil from oil-containing ammonia water. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the production process of semi-coke, coal tar and semi-coke gas are generated simultaneously. The composition of semi-coke gas is complex, containing not only useful gas energy such as CO, CH4, CO2, etc., but also acidic gases such as H2S, HCN and SO2. When the gas energy in the semi-coke gas is utilized, the acidic gases therein must be removed first. The commonly used desulfurization technology in industry is desulfurization by desulfurizing agent (ammonia water or sodium carbonate), which reacts with hydrogen sulfide in the acidic gas to generate salts, thereby achieving the effect of desulfurization of the semi-coke gas. If the content of coal tar in the gas is high, it will directly affect the regeneration and recycling frequency of the desulfurizing agent. The tar in the gas is removed by the circulating ammonia water spray method in industry, and a part of the circulating ammonia water is generated from the electric precipitator (for removing small particle tar) and the horizontal tube cooler in the semi-coke production process, which removes oil during cooling. In order to ensure the desulfurization efficiency of the gas and the oil removal efficiency of the front-end gas spray, the tar in the circulating ammonia water must be removed first. At present, the main method for removing the tar is the multi-stage circulating ammonia water tank natural sedimentation method, which cannot effectively separate the light oil and heavy oil in the water quickly, and mainly has the following problems:

[0003] The oil in the oil-containing ammonia water generated from the electric precipitator and the horizontal tube cooler is mainly light oil, which volatilizes seriously under high temperature, resulting in not only resource waste but also harm to the environment.

[0004] The multi-stage circulating ammonia water tank natural sedimentation method cannot completely separate the oil, and there is still a lot of light oil and heavy oil in the ammonia water used for gas spray oil removal, which cannot fully separate the tar in the gas. The incomplete oil removal of the gas causes the semi-coke gas to enter the desulfurization system, resulting in blockage of the desulfurization tower and difficulty in regeneration and recycling of the desulfurizing agent.

[0005] (3) The multi-stage circulating ammonia water tank has a slow separation speed, low efficiency, and difficulty in collecting oil on site, and is dangerous.

[0006] In view of the above industrial operation and economic resource problems, it is urgent to provide a rapid oil removal process for oil-containing ammonia water to solve the above problems. SUMMARY

[0007] The present application provides a device and process for rapidly removing oil from oil-containing ammonia water, which solves the problems of difficult separation and slow separation of coal tar in the circulating ammonia water in the semi-coke production process.

[0008] The present application is achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0009] The application discloses a rapid oil removal device for oil-containing ammonia water, which comprises a first-stage oil-water separation device and a second-stage oil-water separation device connected in sequence, and a water outlet of the second-stage oil-water separation device is connected with a circulating ammonia water tank.

[0010] The first-stage oil-water separation device comprises a primary oil removal chamber, an intermediate oil removal chamber and a final-stage oil removal chamber, and first oil removal elements are arranged in the primary oil removal chamber and the final-stage oil removal chamber.

[0011] The second-stage oil-water separation device comprises a demulsification chamber and a light-heavy oil separation chamber, and a third oil removal element is arranged in the demulsification chamber.

[0012] Heavy oil collecting bags are arranged at the bottoms of the primary oil removal chamber, the final-stage oil removal chamber and the light-heavy oil separation chamber, and light oil collecting bags are arranged at the tops of the primary oil removal chamber, the final-stage oil removal chamber and the light-heavy oil separation chamber.

[0013] The first oil removal element is a multi-layer oil-wet hydrophobic plate made of super oil-wet hydrophobic high-molecular organic material.

[0014] The second oil removal element is a space net-like fiber structure made of super oil-wet hydrophobic material.

[0015] The third oil removal element is an organic composite membrane made of demulsification material.

[0016] Further, each oil-wet hydrophobic plate is connected by a plurality of double-cone structures, and the double-cone structure comprises a horizontal connection of an upward funnel and a downward funnel.

[0017] Further, the surface of the double-cone structure is decorated with a plurality of papillary structures.

[0018] The double-cone structure is arranged at an inclination of 45° and is distributed in a 360° surrounding space, and the whole presents a corrugated shape.

[0019] Further, the organic composite membrane is a composite fiber membrane with super wettability formed by the organic combination of super hydrophilic fiber membrane and super hydrophobic fiber membrane.

[0020] Further, a water inlet for feeding the oil-containing ammonia water is arranged on the primary oil removal chamber, and a water outlet is arranged on the final-stage oil removal chamber.

[0021] A first water distribution pipe is arranged in the primary oil removal chamber, a water collecting pipe is arranged in the intermediate oil removal chamber, and a second water distribution pipe is arranged in the final-stage oil removal chamber.

[0022] The water inlet is connected with the first water distribution pipe, the first water distribution pipe is connected with the first oil removal element, the first oil removal element is connected with the second oil removal element, the second oil removal element is connected with the water collecting pipe, the water collecting pipe is connected with the second water distribution pipe through a connecting pipe, and the second water distribution pipe is connected with the first oil removal element in the final-stage oil removal chamber.

[0023] Further, the demulsification chamber comprises a first demulsification chamber and a second demulsification chamber connected;

[0024] The first demulsification chamber is provided with a water inlet A, and the third oil removal element is connected with a water outlet A through a pipeline;

[0025] The second demulsification chamber is provided with a water inlet B, and the third oil removal element is connected with a water outlet B through a pipeline;

[0026] The light and heavy oil separation chamber is provided with a water inlet C, and the third oil removal element is connected with a water outlet C through a pipeline;

[0027] The water inlet A is connected with the water outlet of the last oil removal chamber; the water outlet A is connected with the water inlet B; and the water inlet C is connected with the water outlet B.

[0028] Further, the bottom of the primary oil removal chamber, the intermediate oil removal chamber, the last oil removal chamber, the demulsification chamber and the light and heavy oil separation chamber is provided with a blowdown port;

[0029] The primary oil removal chamber and the intermediate oil removal chamber are further provided with a light oil pay oil outlet.

[0030] Further, the primary oil removal chamber and the last oil removal chamber are further provided with a backwash water inlet;

[0031] The third oil removal element is connected with a steam backwashing system.

[0032] The application also discloses an ammonia-containing water oil removal process based on the oil-containing ammonia water rapid oil removal device, which comprises the following steps:

[0033] S1, the ammonia-containing water enters the primary oil-water separation device, and is first separated by the first oil removal element, and the specific process is:

[0034] Under the action of the super oil-wet and water-repellent of the first oil removal element, the oil particles in the water are captured by the oil capturing point structure on the surface of the first oil removal element, and in this process, small oil droplets continuously coalesce to become large oil beads. With the increase of the particle size of the oil beads, the buoyancy and gravity of the oil beads increase, and when the buoyancy and gravity of the oil droplets are greater than the adhesion force of the oil droplets on the first oil removal element, the oil droplets are separated from the surface of the first oil removal element under the action of the buoyancy and the shear force of the water flow, realizing the separation of the floating oil and part of the dispersed oil in the water. The separated oil accumulates to a certain thickness and enters the light oil collection bag and the heavy oil collection bag, respectively;

[0035] S2, then the oil-containing ammonia water separated by the primary separation enters the intermediate oil removal chamber, and is separated again by the second oil removal element, and the specific process is:

[0036] When the oil-containing ammonia water passes through the space reticular fiber structure, the super oil-wicking filamentary body continuously traps the oil beads in the wastewater. When the oil beads are trapped and grow, the oil beads coalesce, and under the action of the turbulent flow of the wastewater flowing through the element, the collision between the small oil beads is further intensified. The oil beads grow to form an oil film, the speed of forming the oil layer is continuously accelerated and intensified, and finally the oil beads with a density less than water float to the upper end of the water flow, and the oil beads with a density greater than water fall to the lower end of the water flow, and then are discharged out of the device through the oil discharge channel respectively.

[0037] S3, then entering the final-stage oil removal chamber, and being separated again by the first oil removal element, the specific process being the same as that of S1;

[0038] S4, after the wastewater passes through the primary oil-water separation device, the wastewater enters the secondary oil-water separation device, is subjected to demulsification in the demulsification chamber, and then is continuously separated by the first oil removal element in the light-heavy oil separation chamber, the specific process being the same as that of S1. After oil removal, the ammonia water enters the circulating ammonia water tank for subsequent process use, and the separated tar enters the tar storage tank.

[0039] Further, the third oil removal element in the demulsification chamber is subjected to backwashing by a steam backwashing system, the steam inlet pressure is controlled to be not higher than 0.1 MPa, the gas washing temperature is between 80-90 DEG C, and the gas washing time is 30 min.

[0040] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial technical effects:

[0041] The application discloses a kind of oil-containing ammonia water rapid oil removal device, including primary oil-water separation device and secondary oil-water separation device, primary oil-water separation device includes primary oil removal chamber, intermediate oil removal chamber and last oil removal chamber, first oil removal element is arranged in primary oil removal chamber and last oil removal chamber;Second oil removal element is arranged in intermediate oil removal chamber;Secondary oil-water separation device includes demulsification chamber and light-heavy oil separation chamber, third oil removal element is arranged in demulsification chamber;First, through primary oil removal element, suspended oil and part of dispersed oil in wastewater are coalesced and collected, then through secondary oil removal element, dispersed oil in wastewater is coalesced and collected and removed, and remaining emulsified oil is demulsified through tertiary oil removal element, small oil particles after demulsification are collided and coalesced again through primary oil removal element and grow by wetting coalescence, and finally are collected and removed.The light and heavy oil components in oil-containing ammonia water generated by electric tar precipitator and horizontal tube cooler in the production process of lanthanum coke are recovered quickly and specifically by the step-by-step separation technology combining strong lipophilic and hydrophobic, deep coalescence and demulsification;At the same time, the tar resources in the circulating ammonia water are recovered, which brings great economic benefits to enterprise production, avoids harm to the environment, meets the requirements of lanthanum coke gas desulfurization, has the effect of energy saving and consumption reduction;Through the arrangement and structural design of the three oil removal elements, the oil removal elements cooperate with each other to realize the complete device for quickly removing and recovering tar in oil-containing ammonia water, ensure the efficiency of gas oil removal and desulfurizer desulfurization, prevent the continuous blockage of desulfurization tower, and ensure the stable and normal operation of the rear-end system.In the case that production cost is allowed, the multi-stage device design is more conducive to the contact between oil-containing ammonia water and oil removal elements, and improves the treatment effect.

[0042] Further, the packing space structure of the first oil removal element is designed specifically, and upward and downward channels are designed to ensure that the coalesced and grown oil beads can be separated by floating or sinking through the channels.The advantages of the packing structure design are as follows: on the one hand, the coalesced and grown oil beads can be separated by floating or sinking through the channels in time during the process of oil-containing wastewater passing through the packing, without waiting for the oil beads to pass through the whole packing area for separation;On the other hand, the collision and coalescence probability of oil beads in oil-containing wastewater during flow is increased, and the small oil beads are quickly grown by coalescence to improve the collision and coalescence efficiency of large oil beads.

[0043] Further, the surface of the double-cone structure is modified with a large number of papillary structures, which increases the surface roughness of the oil removal material, reduces the surface energy of the material surface, and when small oil beads in lanthanum coke wastewater contact the material surface, the contact angle between the oil beads and the material surface is basically close to 0°, and the oil beads can spread on the material surface to form a completely wetted surface film, when water beads contact the material surface, the contact angle between the water beads and the material surface is greater than 150°, and the water beads keep spherical rolling shape on the material surface, so that the material has super lipophilic and hydrophobic properties.

[0044] Further, the third oil removal element is an organic composite membrane made of demulsification material, which is an asymmetric super-wetting composite fiber membrane formed by organic combination of super-hydrophilic fiber membrane and super-hydrophobic fiber membrane. The strong demulsification material has high porosity, low density, high selectivity and stable mechanical properties, and has a multi-level structure, high porosity, bidirectional super-oil affinity and super-water affinity, and will not cause pore blockage due to oil bead aggregation, and has high oil-water separation efficiency and recycling separation performance. When the oil-containing wastewater passes through the third oil removal element, the water phase of the oil-in-water emulsion is in contact with the super-oil affinity material first, at this time the water phase can penetrate through the third oil removal element with high porosity, while the oil phase is adhered and accumulated with the oil affinity material, under the action of turbulent collision of water flow, the coalescence and growth of oil beads are accelerated, and the penetration of water beads is accelerated. With the continuous entry of water flow, the light oil film and the heavy oil film formed on the surface of the third oil removal element float and sink under the action of water flow shear stress, and finally are discharged through the oil discharge channel, which converts the stable oil-in-water emulsion into an unstable state, thereby ensuring that the oil in the wastewater is removed to the greatest extent.

[0045] Further, the device process structure design adopts a lateral water distribution structure to improve water distribution uniformity and ensure flow stability, and fully play the coalescence performance of the filler; at the same time, the device design adopts a baffle flow process to prolong the contact distance of the oil-containing wastewater and the filler. The oil-water separation efficiency is improved in the best design form. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0046] Figure 1 is a structure diagram of a first oil-water separation device in an oil-containing ammonia water rapid oil removal device of the present application;

[0047] Figure 2 is a structure diagram of a second oil-water separation device in an oil-containing ammonia water rapid oil removal device of the present application;

[0048] Figure 3 is a structure diagram of a first oil removal element of the present application;

[0049] Figure 4 is a structure diagram of a third oil removal element of the present application;

[0050] In the drawings: 11, first cylinder; 12, water inlet; 13, backwash water inlet; 14, first water distribution pipe; 15, light oil collection bag; 16, light oil discharge outlet; 17, connecting pipe; 18, second oil removal element; 19, first oil removal element; 110, blowdown; 111, saddle; 112, heavy oil collection bag; 113, water outlet; 114, second water distribution pipe; 115, water collection pipe;

[0051] 21, second cylinder; 22, water inlet A; 23, steam backwash inlet; 24, third oil removal element; 25, water outlet A; 26, water inlet B; 27, water outlet B; 28, water inlet C; 29, water outlet C; 210, water distribution pipe; 211, steam inlet pipe;

[0052] 191, upward funnel; 192, downward funnel; 193, papillary structure;

[0053] 241, super-hydrophilic fiber membrane; 242, super-hydrophobic fiber membrane. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0054] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, further detailed description will be made in combination with the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific examples described herein are only used to explain the present application, and are not used to limit the present application, that is, the described examples are only a part of the examples of the present application, but not all the examples.

[0055] The components described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings and examples of the present application can be arranged and designed in various different configurations, therefore, the detailed description of the examples of the present application provided in the following accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed present application, but only to represent a selected embodiment of the present application. Based on the accompanying drawings and examples of the present application, all other examples obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0056] It should be noted that the terms "comprising", "including", or any other variant thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that the process, element, method, article or equipment including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or further includes the elements inherent to the process, element, method, article or equipment.

[0057] The features and performances of the present application will be further described in detail in combination with the examples.

[0058] The present application discloses a kind of oil-containing ammonia water rapid oil removal device, including sequentially connected first oil-water separation device and second oil-water separation device.

[0059] Electric trap and horizontal tube cooler oil-containing ammonia water enters first oil-water separation device, first oil-water separation device is connected with second oil-water separation device, second oil-water separation device is connected with circulating ammonia water tank, the oil discharge pipeline of first oil-water separation device and second oil-water separation device is connected with oil storage tank.

[0060] As Figure 1As shown, the primary oil-water separation device includes a first cylinder 11, and the first cylinder 11 is provided with multiple-stage chambers, specifically including a primary oil removal chamber, an intermediate oil removal chamber and a final-stage oil removal chamber, and the primary oil removal chamber and the final-stage oil removal chamber are both provided with first oil removal elements 19; the intermediate oil removal chamber is provided with second oil removal elements 18; the bottom of the primary oil removal chamber and the final-stage oil removal chamber are both provided with heavy oil collection bags 112, and the top of the primary oil removal chamber and the final-stage oil removal chamber are both provided with light oil collection bags 15.

[0061] The primary oil removal chamber is provided with a water inlet 12 for entering oil-containing ammonia water, and the final-stage oil removal chamber is provided with a water outlet 113; the primary oil removal chamber is provided with a first water distribution pipe 14, the intermediate oil removal chamber is provided with a water collection pipe 115, and the final-stage oil removal chamber is provided with a second water distribution pipe 114; the water inlet 12 is connected with the first water distribution pipe 14, the first water distribution pipe 14 is connected with the first oil removal element 19, the first oil removal element 19 is connected with the second oil removal element 18, the second oil removal element 18 is connected with the water collection pipe 115, the water collection pipe 115 is connected with the second water distribution pipe 114 through a connecting pipe 17, and the second water distribution pipe 114 is connected with the first oil removal element 19 in the final-stage oil removal chamber.

[0062] The oil-containing ammonia water enters the primary oil-water separation device, is first separated by the first oil removal element 19, then enters the intermediate oil removal chamber after the primary separation, is separated again by the second oil removal element 18, then enters the final-stage oil removal chamber, is separated again by the first oil removal element 19, and enters the secondary oil-water separation device through the water outlet 113.

[0063] The primary oil removal chamber, the intermediate oil removal chamber and the final-stage oil removal chamber are all provided with a blowdown port 110. When the device is normally operated, the suspended particles and impurities deposited in the device are periodically discharged through the blowdown port 110, so as to prevent the clogging of the oil removal elements in the device and affect the water quality of the device; when the device is backwashed, the backwash water is discharged through the blowdown port 110.

[0064] The bottom of the primary oil removal chamber and the final-stage oil removal chamber is also provided with a saddle 111 for fixing.

[0065] The primary oil removal chamber and the intermediate oil removal chamber are also provided with a light oil discharge port 16. The primary oil removal chamber and the intermediate oil removal chamber first face the semi-coke wastewater with a large oil load, so as to prevent the light oil collection bag from collecting light oil in time, so that the light oil continues to move to the rear end of the device with the water flow. Therefore, the light oil discharge port 16 is increased to discharge the light oil, so as to protect the water quality of the rear end.

[0066] More preferably, the primary oil removal chamber and the final-stage oil removal chamber are also provided with a backwash water inlet 13, and hot water is used for backwashing.

[0067] As shown in the drawings, Figure 2As shown, the secondary oil-water separation device comprises a second cylinder 21, and the second cylinder 21 is internally provided with a demulsification chamber and a light-heavy oil separation chamber. The demulsification chamber is internally provided with a third oil removal element 24. The bottom of the light-heavy oil separation chamber is provided with a heavy oil collection bag 112, and the top of the light-heavy oil separation chamber is provided with a light oil collection bag 15.

[0068] Specifically, the demulsification chamber comprises a primary demulsification chamber and a secondary demulsification chamber connected.

[0069] The primary demulsification chamber is provided with a water inlet A 22, and the third oil removal element is connected with a water outlet A 25 through a pipeline. The secondary demulsification chamber is provided with a water inlet B 26, and the third oil removal element is connected with a water outlet B 27 through a pipeline. The light-heavy oil separation chamber is provided with a water inlet C 28, and the third oil removal element is connected with a water outlet C 29 through a pipeline. The water inlet A 22 is connected with the water outlet 113 of the last oil removal chamber. The water outlet A 25 is connected with the water inlet B 26. The water inlet C 28 is connected with the water outlet B 27.

[0070] The bottom of the demulsification chamber and the light-heavy oil separation chamber is provided with a blowdown port 110.

[0071] More preferably, the third oil removal element 24 is connected with a steam backwashing system, and the lower part of the third oil removal element 24 is connected with a steam backwashing inlet 23 through a steam inlet pipe 211.

[0072] The surface of the first oil removal element 19 in the primary and secondary oil-water separation device is modified with a large number of papillary structures, which is a super-oleophilic and hydrophobic high polymer organic material with roughness and low surface energy. There are oil capturing points on the surface. Under the synergistic effect of wetting coalescence and collision coalescence, for light oil with a density less than water, the oil film thickness increases continuously. Under the action of the flow shear stress of the water flow on the oil layer, the oil layer floats and is discharged through the oil collection bag 15. When the light oil collected in the light oil collection bag 15 reaches a certain amount, it is discharged through the light oil discharge outlet 16. For heavy oil with a density greater than water, under the action of the flow shear stress of the water flow on the oil layer, the separated heavy oil first gradually enters the heavy oil collection bag 112. When the heavy oil collected in the heavy oil collection bag 112 reaches a certain amount, it is discharged through the blowdown port 110. Finally, the suspended oil and part of the dispersed oil with a particle size greater than 100 μm in the oil-containing ammonia water can be captured.

[0073] Specifically, as shown in Figure 3 The first oil removal element 19 is a multi-layer oleophilic and hydrophobic plate made of a super-oleophilic and hydrophobic high polymer organic material. Each layer of the oleophilic and hydrophobic plate is connected by a plurality of double cone structures, and the surface of the double cone structure is modified with a plurality of papillary structures 193. The double cone structure comprises a horizontal connection of one upward funnel 191 and one downward funnel 192.

[0074] The surface modification of a large number of papillary structures 193 increases the surface roughness of the oil removal material, reduces the surface energy of the material surface, and when the small oil beads in the blue water contact the material surface, the contact angle between the oil beads and the material surface is basically close to 0°, the oil beads can spread on the material surface to form a completely wetted surface film, and when the water beads contact the material surface, the contact angle between the water beads and the material surface is greater than 150°, and the water beads keep a spherical rolling shape on the material surface, so that the material has super oil-wet and water-repellent properties.

[0075] The double cone is arranged at an inclination of 45° and is distributed in a 360° surrounding space, and the whole presents a corrugated shape. Compared with conventional corrugated plate elements, when the blue water contacts and flows through the material, the oil beads in the wastewater from all directions will simultaneously contact the material, which promotes the dispersed phase (oil beads) in the continuous phase (water) to rapidly collide and grow, thereby rapidly increasing the collision diameter, shortening the distance between the oil beads in the wastewater, and making it easier for them to collide with each other, thereby rapidly increasing the collision frequency and rate. Under the dual effects of wetting coalescence and collision coalescence, the grown oil beads are immediately collected in the bidirectional funnel-shaped space, and under the action of water flow shear stress, water flow turbulence, and the buoyancy or gravity of the oil beads, the oil beads are separated from the surface of the oil removal material by floating at the top or sinking at the bottom of the funnel, without the need to pass through the entire oil removal material for separation. The separated oil beads provide a wetting contact interface and collision space for the subsequent incoming wastewater, and the oil-water separation is continuously carried out.

[0076] According to the wetting coalescence and collision coalescence theory, the second oil removal element 18 in the first-stage oil-water separation device is a space net-like fiber structure composed of super oil-wet and water-repellent material, which has strong wetting properties and is conducive to the coalescence of oil beads. When the blue water contacts the second material, the oil beads in the wastewater begin to coalesce and move directionally along the fiber, and the fiber structure begins to change. Initially, small oil beads coalesce on the fiber material, and as the oil beads continue to coalesce, the fluffy fiber material begins to shrink into nodules, and eventually forms a periodic spindle structure, which repeats in this way, and finally the oil beads are directionally aggregated on the fiber. As the oil beads coalesce, the particle size of the oil beads increases, the distance between the oil beads in the wastewater decreases, the contact time required decreases, the collision frequency and rate increase, and the amount of coalesced oil beads increases under the same time and space. At the same time, under the action of the turbulent disturbance force of the incoming water flow, the collision force of the oil beads in various directions is further intensified, and under the multiple effects, the light oil and heavy oil in the wastewater are collected.

[0077] When the oily wastewater passes through the space net structure, the super oil-philous filamentous body continuously traps the oil beads in the wastewater, and when the oil beads are trapped and grow, the oil beads will coalesce to a certain extent, and under the action of the turbulent flow of the wastewater flowing through the element, the collision between the small oil beads is further intensified, the oil beads grow to form an oil film, the speed of forming the oil layer is continuously accelerated, and finally the oil beads with a density less than water float to the upper end of the water flow, and the oil beads with a density greater than water fall to the lower end of the water flow, and then are discharged out of the device through the oil discharge channel, so that the small oil particles with a particle size greater than 40 microns are removed.

[0078] The secondary material is used for coalescing and collecting the dispersed oil in the wastewater, and the amount of the dispersed oil is less than that of the suspended oil, so that in order to reduce the production cost of the device, the collected dispersed oil can be discharged and collected through the blowdown opening 110 and the blowdown branch pipeline, and an additional heavy oil collection bag 112 is not needed.

[0079] The third oil-water separation element 24 in the secondary oil-water separation device is an organic composite membrane made of a demulsification material, as shown in the figure. Figure 4 The organic composite membrane is an asymmetric super-wetting composite fiber membrane formed by the organic combination of the super-hydrophilic fiber membrane 241 and the super-hydrophobic fiber membrane 242. The strong demulsification material has high porosity, low density, high selectivity and stable mechanical properties, and has a multi-level structure, high porosity, bidirectional super oil-philicity and super hydrophilicity, and will not cause pore blockage due to the aggregation of oil beads, and has high oil-water separation efficiency and cyclic separation performance. When the oily wastewater passes through the third oil-water separation element 24, under the condition of "crowding" formed by a certain pressure, the water phase of the oil-in-water emulsion contacts the super oil-philic material first, at this time the water phase can penetrate through the third oil-water separation element 24 with high porosity, and the oil phase is adhered and accumulated with the oil-philic material, under the action of the turbulent collision of the water flow, the coalescence and growth of the oil beads are accelerated, and the penetration of the water beads is accelerated. With the continuous entry of the water flow, the light oil film and the heavy oil film formed on the surface of the third oil-water separation element 24 float and sink under the action of the shear stress of the water flow, and finally are discharged through the oil discharge channel, so that the stable oil-in-water emulsion is changed into an unstable state, so that the oil (≤5 microns) in the wastewater is removed to the greatest extent.

[0080] The new type of complete oil-water separation device designed in the application is a normal pressure closed system, and the third oil-water separation element 24 in the demulsification chamber needs to be backwashed by steam through the steam inlet pipe 211, the steam inlet pressure is controlled to be not higher than 0.1 MPa, the gas washing temperature is between 80-90 DEG C, and the gas washing time is 30 minutes.

[0081] The tar separated by the primary and secondary oil-water separation devices is recovered in the tar storage tank, and the purified ammonia water after oil removal is transferred to the ammonia water circulating tank.

[0082] It should be pointed out finally that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application but not to limit it. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the specific embodiments of the present application can be modified or replaced equivalently without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, and any modification or equivalent replacement should be covered in the protection scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A rapid oil removal device for oily ammonia water, characterized in that, It includes a primary oil-water separator and a secondary oil-water separator connected in sequence. The outlet (113) of the secondary oil-water separator is used to connect to the circulating ammonia tank. The primary oil-water separation device includes a primary oil removal chamber, an intermediate oil removal chamber, and a final oil removal chamber. The primary and final oil removal chambers are each equipped with a first oil removal element (19), and the intermediate oil removal chamber is equipped with a second oil removal element (18). The two-stage oil-water separation device includes a demulsification chamber and a light-heavy oil separation chamber. The demulsification chamber is equipped with a third oil removal element (24). The bottom of the primary oil removal chamber, the final oil removal chamber, and the light and heavy oil separation chamber are all equipped with heavy oil collection bags (112), and the top of each chamber is equipped with a light oil collection bag (15). The first oil removal element (19) is a multilayer oleophilic and hydrophobic plate made of super oleophilic and hydrophobic polymer organic material; The second oil removal element (18) has a spatial mesh fiber structure and is made of a super oleophilic and hydrophobic material; The third degreasing element (24) is an organic composite membrane made of demulsifying material; Each layer of oleophilic and hydrophobic plate is composed of multiple biconical structures connected together. The biconical structure includes an upward funnel (191) and a downward funnel (192) connected laterally. The surface of the bipyramidal structure is modified with multiple papillary structures (193). The double-cone structure is arranged at a 45° angle and is distributed in a 360° circumferential space, presenting an overall wavy shape; The organic composite membrane is a composite fiber membrane with superwetting properties formed by organically combining a superhydrophilic fiber membrane (241) and a superhydrophobic fiber membrane (242).

2. The rapid oil removal device for oily ammonia water according to claim 1, characterized in that, The primary oil removal chamber is provided with an inlet (12) for introducing oily ammonia water, and the final oil removal chamber is provided with an outlet (113). The primary oil removal chamber is equipped with a first water distribution pipe (14), the intermediate oil removal chamber is equipped with a water collection pipe (115), and the final oil removal chamber is equipped with a second water distribution pipe (114). The inlet (12) is connected to the first water distribution pipe (14), the first water distribution pipe (14) is connected to the first oil removal element (19), the first oil removal element (19) is connected to the second oil removal element (18), the second oil removal element (18) is connected to the water collection pipe (115), the water collection pipe (115) is connected to the second water distribution pipe (114) through the connecting pipe (17), and the second water distribution pipe (114) is connected to the first oil removal element (19) in the final stage oil removal chamber.

3. The rapid oil removal device for oily ammonia water according to claim 1, characterized in that, The demulsification chamber includes a primary demulsification chamber and a secondary demulsification chamber connected together; The first-stage demulsification chamber is equipped with an inlet A (22), and the third oil removal element (24) is connected to an outlet A (25) through a pipeline. The secondary demulsification chamber is equipped with an inlet B (26), and the third oil removal element (24) is connected to an outlet B (27) through a pipeline. The light and heavy oil separation chamber is equipped with a water inlet C (28), and the three oil removal elements are connected to a water outlet C (29) through a pipeline. Inlet A (22) is connected to outlet (113) on the final stage oil removal chamber; outlet A (25) is connected to inlet B (26); inlet C (28) is connected to outlet B (27).

4. The rapid oil removal device for oily ammonia water according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the primary oil removal chamber, intermediate oil removal chamber, final oil removal chamber, demulsification chamber, and light and heavy oil separation chamber are all equipped with drain outlets (110). The primary oil removal chamber and the intermediate oil removal chamber are also equipped with light oil discharge outlets (16).

5. The rapid oil removal device for oily ammonia water according to claim 1, characterized in that, Backwash water inlets are also provided in the primary oil removal chamber and the final oil removal chamber (13). The third oil removal element (24) is connected to a steam backwashing system.

6. The oil-containing ammonia water degreasing process based on the rapid oil removal device for oil-containing ammonia water according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Oily ammonia water enters the primary oil-water separation unit, and first undergoes initial separation through the first oil removal element (19). The specific process is as follows: Under the superoleophilic and hydrophobic action of the first oil removal element (19), oil droplets in the water are captured by the oil-catching point structure on the surface of the first oil removal element (19). During this process, small oil droplets continuously aggregate and grow into large oil droplets. As the size of the oil droplets increases, the buoyancy and gravity of the oil droplets also increase. When the buoyancy and gravity of the oil droplets are greater than their adhesion force on the first oil removal element (19), they detach from the surface of the first oil removal element (19) under the action of buoyancy and water flow shear force, thus realizing the separation of floating oil and partially dispersed oil in the water. The separated oil accumulates to a certain thickness and enters the light oil collection bag (15) and the heavy oil collection bag (112) respectively. S2. Then, the oil-containing ammonia water after primary separation enters the intermediate oil removal chamber and is separated again by the second oil removal element (18). The specific process is as follows: When oil-containing ammonia water passes through the spatial network fiber structure, the superoleophilic filaments continuously capture oil droplets in the wastewater. As the oil droplets grow after being captured, they aggregate. At the same time, the turbulence of the wastewater flowing through the element further intensifies the collision between the small oil droplets. The oil droplets grow to form an oil film, and the speed of oil layer formation is continuously accelerated. Finally, oil droplets with a density less than water float to the upper end of the water flow, while oil droplets with a density greater than water fall to the lower end of the water flow. They are then discharged from the device through the oil discharge channel. S3, then enters the final oil removal chamber, and is separated again by the first oil removal element (19), the same process as S1; S4. After passing through the primary oil-water separation device, the wastewater enters the secondary oil-water separation device. It first undergoes demulsification in the demulsification chamber, and then continues to be separated through the first oil removal element (19) in the light and heavy oil separation chamber. The specific process is the same as S1. After oil removal, the ammonia water enters the circulating ammonia water tank for subsequent processes. The separated tar enters the tar storage tank.

7. The oil-containing ammonia water degreasing process according to claim 6, characterized in that, The third oil removal element (24) in the demulsification chamber is backwashed by a steam backwashing system. The steam inlet pressure is controlled to be no higher than 0.1 MPa, the air washing temperature is between 80-90℃, and the air washing time is 30 min.

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