Earth movement trajectory visualized real-time tracking test device in shield tunneling process

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of soil body movement trajectory visualization real-time tracking test devices in shield tunneling process, including model soil box, scale soil pressure balance shield tunneling system, magnetic positioning system and support system, model soil box, scale soil pressure balance shield tunneling system relative arrangement, and all sliding installation on support system and can be locked, model soil box both ends end opening, and the middle passage tubular structure, loading plate is nested in model soil box, for sliding seal one end end opening of the model soil box, one end surface of loading plate extends out of model soil box by telescopic structure, and is installed in support system, the tunneling part of scale soil pressure balance shield tunneling system is placed in model soil box, and its sealing part is used for sliding seal the other end end opening of the model soil box, loading plate and its sealing part form loading space between, the tunneling part of scale soil pressure balance shield tunneling system and its sealing part form the shield soil cabin of simulation shield between.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of tunnel and underground engineering, in particular to a shield tunneling process soil movement trajectory visualization real-time tracking test device. BACKGROUND

[0002] Shield is a large complete construction equipment specially used for excavating underground tunnel, which has the advantages of fast excavation, high quality, safety, economy, environmental protection and labor intensity reduction, and is more and more widely used in the construction of urban tunnel. However, when the shield is excavated in the sand and gravel stratum, the spoil cannot be discharged in time or is discharged with delay due to the characteristics of gravel particles, the flow guiding characteristics of cutter head cutters, the spoil discharging performance and other reasons, which causes the cut down gravel to be retained in front of the cutter head or in the shield soil cabin, forming the spoil lagging phenomenon. The spoil lagging has a great adverse effect on the shield construction. On the one hand, it can cause mechanical damage of the shield machine, such as wear of the cutter head cutters, excessive wear of the screw machine and the like; on the other hand, it can cause difficulty in shield tunneling, serious overbreak, difficulty in controlling the settlement, and even collapse. The above-mentioned spoil lagging phenomenon can be attributed to the adaptability of the shield cutter head selection and cutter design to the stratum. Shield tunneling is a process of interaction between the cutter head cutters and the soil, although the existing research shows that the flow guiding property of the cutter head cutters is the key to affect the efficiency of the shield tunneling, but the movement characteristics of the gravel particles after being separated from the stratum are not clear, and there is no effective technical means to directly observe the migration posture of the gravel particles in the shield tunneling process. In order to better understand the interaction law between the cutter head cutters and the soil, and improve the flow guiding property of the cutter head cutters to the spoil, it is necessary to conduct in-depth research and analysis on the deposition and migration law of the gravel particles in the shield tunneling process, so as to provide a better theoretical basis for the design of the shield cutter head structure, the cutter arrangement and the soil cabin structure, and finally realize the safe, efficient and long distance tunneling of the shield.

[0003] Through the literature search of the prior art, it is found that most of the existing researches are from the theoretical and numerical simulation aspects, and the previous model shield test device cannot directly observe the deposition and migration law and flow characteristics of the soil in front of the shield cutter head and in the shield soil cabin. Among them, the invention patent (application publication number CN 104914007 A) of Tongji University: single round shield soil cabin spoil flow characteristic visualization observation test system and method. Although the invention patent directly observes the transparent soil flow in the shield tunneling system through an industrial camera, it still does not fundamentally solve the opacity and unpredictability of the internal geotechnical material, and has great limitations for revealing the internal particle migration law of the geotechnical material under the action of the machine. The reason is that, on the one hand, there is a great difference between the transparent soil and the real soil sample, and on the other hand, the invention patent does not reveal the deposition and migration law and flow characteristics of the gravel particles in the shield tunneling process from the aspect of particle migration characteristics.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need to provide a new technical solution and test device to solve the above technical problems. SUMMARY

[0005] In view of the above problems, the present application provides a soil movement trajectory visualization real-time tracking test device for the movement characteristics of pebble particles after being separated from the stratum, and there is no effective technical means to directly observe the migration posture of pebble particles in the shield tunneling process and the deposition migration law and flow characteristics of pebble particles in the tunneling process.

[0006] The technical scheme of the present application is: a soil movement trajectory visualization real-time tracking test device in the shield tunneling process, comprising a model soil box, a scaled soil pressure balance shield tunneling system, a magnetic positioning system and a support system,

[0007] The model soil box and the scaled soil pressure balance shield tunneling system are relatively arranged and both are slidingly installed on the support system and can be locked,

[0008] The model soil box is a cylindrical structure with open ends and a through hole, and a loading plate is provided in the model soil box for slidingly sealing one end of the model soil box,

[0009] One end surface of the loading plate is connected with an extension structure which extends into the model soil box and is installed on the support system,

[0010] The tunneling part of the scaled soil pressure balance shield tunneling system is placed in the model soil box for rotating and cutting the test soil sample, and the part of the partition plate of the scaled soil pressure balance shield tunneling system is used for sleeving and sealing the other end opening of the model soil box during the shield tunneling process,

[0011] The loading plate and the sealing part of the scaled soil pressure balance shield tunneling system form a loading space for preloading the test soil sample and simulating the movement trajectory of the test soil sample during the shield tunneling process, so as to master the deposition migration law of the test soil sample in the loading space during the shield tunneling process, the tunneling part of the scaled soil pressure balance shield tunneling system and the sealing part of the scaled soil pressure balance shield tunneling system form a shield soil cabin simulating the shield, and the test soil sample after tunneling of the tunneling part of the scaled soil pressure balance shield tunneling system is guided into the shield soil cabin;

[0012] The magnetic positioning system comprises a fixed monitoring part and a movable monitoring part, the fixed monitoring part is installed on the outer periphery of the model soil box, and the movable monitoring part is randomly placed in the loading space;

[0013] The sealing part of the reduced-scale earth pressure balance shield tunneling system is also provided with a screw conveyor for discharging the test soil sample in the shield soil cabin from the model soil box.

[0014] In a further technical solution, the bottom of the model soil box is slid and locked on the support system through a sliding component;

[0015] The reduced-scale earth pressure balance shield tunneling system is slid and locked on the support system through a horizontal support plate,

[0016] The reduced-scale earth pressure balance shield tunneling system comprises a cutter head, a partition plate, a screw conveyor, a transmission shaft, a torque sensor and a cutter head driving motor, the transmission shaft and the cutter head driving motor are fixed on the horizontal support plate through a transmission shaft support and a cutter head driving motor fixed support respectively, one end of the transmission shaft is connected with the cutter head driving motor, the other end is connected with the cutter head, a partition plate is arranged on the transmission shaft between the cutter head and the transmission shaft support, a torque sensor is arranged on the transmission shaft between the transmission shaft support and the cutter head driving motor fixed support; a stirring rod is fixed on the cutter head, the diameter of the partition plate is consistent with the outer diameter of the model soil box, a sealing gasket is arranged around the partition plate, an input end of the screw conveyor is fixed on the partition plate, the screw conveyor is fixed on the horizontal support plate through a fixed support, the axis of the screw conveyor is parallel to the axis of the transmission shaft;

[0017] The magnetic positioning system comprises a permanent magnet, a magnetic sensor array, a data collector and a data processor, the magnetic sensor array is used for receiving the magnetic field signal emitted by the permanent magnet and converting it into an electric signal, the data collector is responsible for magnetic sensor channel selection and queue type data storage and reading;

[0018] The data processor comprises a PC and upper computer software, is used for processing the data collected by the data collector, and executing a permanent magnet pose solving algorithm (a mature existing algorithm can be used to realize the permanent magnet pose solving), so as to calculate and analyze the position and attitude information of the positioning point; at the same time, the position and direction of the current permanent magnet, the movement track of the permanent magnet and the three-dimensional effect diagram are displayed on the PC in real time;

[0019] The model soil box, the cutter head, the stirring rod, the loading plate, the partition plate and the transmission shaft are all made of non-magnetic steel material;

[0020] The loading space of the model soil box is loaded with corresponding test soil sample according to actual test requirements, and the test soil sample is filled and compacted layer by layer.

[0021] In a further technical solution, the support system comprises a rectangular frame base and a guide rail arranged on the rectangular frame base, the telescopic structure is a jack, the jack is installed on the rectangular frame base through a jack fixing support, and the sliding part and the horizontal support plate are both slidably connected and locked to the rectangular frame base through a sliding block.

[0022] In a further technical solution, the loading plate and the partition plate are both provided with earth pressure cells for measuring the earth pressure of the loading space in front of the cutter head during shield tunneling and the earth pressure of the shield earth chamber, the torque sensor is used to obtain the torque when the shield cutter head excavates the test soil sample during shield tunneling, the loading plate is provided with a wire displacement gauge for measuring the jacking displacement of the jack in real time, and the movement speed of the test soil sample in the model earth chamber to the cutter head is controlled.

[0023] In a further technical solution, the cutter head is connected with a transmission shaft, the cutter head is freely detachable, the cutter head forms include spoke type, web type and panel type, and various cutters can be installed on the front face of the cutter head according to actual shield tunneling requirements.

[0024] In a further technical solution, the cutter head comprises a cutter head panel, spokes, cutters, leading cutters and a central fish tail cutter; the leading cutters are arranged on both sides and the upper surface of the spokes.

[0025] In a further technical solution, the magnetic sensor array comprises a block main control circuit board and a block sub-circuit board.

[0026] The main control circuit board is mainly integrated with 10 magnetic sensors, 2 communication chips and 1 data acquisition card, and the spacing between the magnetic sensors is 2 cm; the sub-circuit board is mainly integrated with 10 magnetic sensors, 1 communication chip and 1 data acquisition card, and the spacing between the magnetic sensors is 2 cm, and the magnetic sensor is a three-axis magnetic sensor.

[0027] In a further technical solution, the deposition and migration law of the soil in front of the cutter head and in the shield earth chamber under different working conditions is obtained by changing the cutter head rotating speed, the screw conveyor rotating speed, the cutter head structure form, the cutter type, the cutter arrangement mode and the soil type.

[0028] The beneficial effects of the present application are:

[0029] 1. The application provides a kind of soil movement trajectory visualization real-time tracking test device in shield tunneling process, the device simple structure, installation and disassembly are convenient;The device combines magnetic positioning technology, can realize the visualization of the movement process of soil in front of cutterhead (add space) and shield soil cabin in shield tunneling process, directly observe the movement trajectory of pebble particle in shield tunneling process, master the deposition and migration law of soil in shield tunneling process, provide better theoretical basis for shield cutterhead structure design, tool arrangement and soil cabin structure design. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 It is the overall structure of the shield tunneling process in the real-time tracking test device of soil movement trajectory visualization described in embodiment 1.

[0031] Figure 2 It is the model soil tank peripheral magnetic sensor array arrangement perspective view described in embodiment 1 of the application.

[0032] Figure 3 is a perspective view of the cutterhead described in embodiment 1 of the application; wherein, Figure 3a is the spoke type cutterhead, Figure 3b is the spoke type cutterhead.

[0033] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the position of the loading plate and the soil pressure cell installed on the partition plate described in embodiment 1 of the application; wherein, Figure 4a is the soil pressure cell installation position on the partition plate, Figure 4b is the soil pressure cell installation position on the loading plate.

[0034] Figure 5 It is the perspective view of the screw conveyor described in embodiment 1 of the application.

[0035] Explanation of reference signs:

[0036] 1, rectangular frame base, 2, cross beam support, 3, model soil tank, 4, handle, 5, cutterhead, 6, stirring rod, 7, partition plate, 8, transmission shaft, 9, transmission shaft support, 10, torque sensor, 11, cutterhead drive motor, 12, cutterhead drive motor fixed support, 13, jack, 14, jack fixed support, 15, model soil tank support component, 16, model soil tank sliding component, 17, guide rail, 18, screw conveyor, 19, sliding block, 20, screw conveyor drive motor, 21, screw conveyor drive motor fixed support, 22, horizontal support plate, 23, torque sensor fixed support, 24, magnetic sensor, 25, cutter, 26, center fish tail cutter, 27, leading cutter, 28, cutterhead panel, 29, spoke, 30, soil pressure cell, 31, partition plate soil outlet, 32, loading plate, 33, soil pressure cell, 34, screw soil outlet, 35, screw shaft, 36, screw blade. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The embodiments of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0038] Example 1:

[0039] like Figures 1-5 As shown, this invention provides a real-time visualization and tracking test device for soil movement trajectory during shield tunneling, including a model soil box, a scaled-down earth pressure balance shield tunneling system, a magnetic positioning system, and a support system.

[0040] The model soil box and the scaled-down earth pressure balance shield tunneling system are arranged opposite to each other, and are both slidably mounted on the support system and can be locked.

[0041] The model soil box is a cylindrical structure with openings at both ends and a central passage. A loading plate is installed inside the model soil box to slide and seal one end opening of the model soil box.

[0042] One end face of the loading plate is connected to a telescopic structure, which extends out of the model soil box and is installed on the support system.

[0043] The tunneling section of the scaled-down earth pressure balance shield tunneling system is placed inside the model soil box for rotating and cutting the test soil sample. The partition portion of the scaled-down earth pressure balance shield tunneling system is used to open and seal at the other end of the model soil box during shield tunneling.

[0044] The loading plate and the sealing part of the scaled earth pressure balance shield tunneling system form a loading space for pre-loading test soil samples and simulating the movement trajectory of test soil samples during shield tunneling, so as to understand the deposition and transport law of test soil samples in the loading space during shield tunneling. The tunneling part of the scaled earth pressure balance shield tunneling system and the sealing part of the scaled earth pressure balance shield tunneling system form a shield soil chamber simulating the shield. The test soil samples after the tunneling part of the scaled earth pressure balance shield tunneling system is tunneled are guided to the shield soil chamber.

[0045] The magnetic positioning system includes a fixed monitoring part and a moving monitoring part. The fixed monitoring part is installed on the outer periphery of the model soil box, and the moving monitoring part is randomly placed in the installation space.

[0046] The sealed part of the scaled-down earth pressure balance shield tunneling system is also equipped with a screw conveyor to discharge the test soil sample from the shield soil chamber into the model soil box.

[0047] In a further technical solution, the bottom of the model soil box slides and locks on the support system via a sliding component;

[0048] The reduced-scale earth pressure balance shield tunneling system is slid and locked on the support system through a horizontal support plate,

[0049] The reduced-scale earth pressure balance shield tunneling system comprises a cutter head, a partition plate, a screw conveyor, a transmission shaft, a torque sensor and a cutter head driving motor, the transmission shaft and the cutter head driving motor are fixed on the horizontal support plate through a transmission shaft support and a cutter head driving motor fixed support respectively, one end of the transmission shaft is connected with the cutter head driving motor, the other end is connected with the cutter head, a partition plate is arranged on the transmission shaft between the cutter head and the transmission shaft support, and a torque sensor is arranged on the transmission shaft between the transmission shaft support and the cutter head driving motor fixed support; a stirring rod is fixed on the cutter head, the diameter of the partition plate is consistent with the outer diameter of the model soil tank, a sealing gasket is arranged around the partition plate, an input end of the screw conveyor is fixed on the partition plate, and the screw conveyor is fixed on the horizontal support plate through a fixed support, the axis of the screw conveyor is parallel to the axis of the transmission shaft;

[0050] The magnetic positioning system comprises a permanent magnet, a magnetic sensor array, a data collector and a data processor, the magnetic sensor array is used for receiving the magnetic field signal emitted by the permanent magnet and converting it into an electric signal, and the data collector is responsible for magnetic sensor channel selection and queue type data storage and reading;

[0051] The data processor comprises a PC and upper computer software, is used for processing the data collected by the data collector, and executing a permanent magnet pose solving algorithm to calculate and analyze the position and attitude information of the positioning point; meanwhile, the position and direction of the current permanent magnet, the movement trajectory of the permanent magnet and a three-dimensional effect drawing are displayed on the PC in real time (for example, the data collected by the data collector can be described by using Euler angles or quaternions to describe the pose, including the position and direction; next, the magnetic induction intensity generated by the permanent magnet at the position of the sensor is measured by using the sensor, and then a target function is determined, the target function usually tries to minimize the difference between the sensor measurement value and the theoretical model calculation value; then the pose is solved by using a linear or nonlinear optimization algorithm through iterative calculation and minimization of the target function; in the iterative calculation, the initial pose is used, and then it is updated step by step until the optimal solution is found. The pose can be updated by using a nonlinear optimization algorithm Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm, finally, the code is written to realize the above algorithm, for example, Python, MATLAB or C++).

[0052] The model soil tank, the cutter head, the stirring rod, the loading plate, the partition plate and the transmission shaft are all made of non-magnetic steel material;

[0053] The loading space of the model soil tank is loaded with corresponding test soil samples according to actual test requirements, and the test soil samples are filled and compacted layer by layer.

[0054] In a further technical solution, the support system comprises a rectangular frame base and a guide rail arranged on the rectangular frame base, the telescopic structure is a jack, the jack is installed on the rectangular frame base through a jack fixing support, and the sliding part and the horizontal support plate are both in sliding connection and locking with the rectangular frame base through a sliding block.

[0055] In a further technical solution, the loading plate and the partition plate are both provided with a soil pressure box for measuring the soil pressure of the loading space in front of the cutter head during shield tunneling and the soil pressure of the shield soil tank, the torque sensor is used to obtain the torque when the shield cutter head excavates the test soil sample during shield tunneling, and the loading plate is provided with a wire displacement meter for real-time measurement of the jacking displacement of the jack, so as to control the moving speed of the test soil sample in the model soil tank to the cutter head.

[0056] In a further technical solution, the cutter head is connected with a transmission shaft, the cutter head is freely detachable, the cutter head forms include spoke type, spoke plate type and panel type, and various cutters can be installed on the front face of the cutter head according to actual shield tunneling requirements.

[0057] In a further technical solution, the cutter head (a mature existing technology) comprises a cutter head panel, spokes, cutters, leading cutters and a central fish tail cutter; the leading cutters are arranged on both sides and the upper surface of the spokes.

[0058] In a further technical solution, the magnetic sensor array (a mature existing technology) comprises one main control circuit board and eleven sub-circuit boards.

[0059] The main control circuit board is mainly integrated with ten magnetic sensors, two communication chips and one data acquisition card, and the spacing between the magnetic sensors is set to 2 cm; the sub-circuit board is mainly integrated with ten magnetic sensors, one communication chip and one data acquisition card, and the spacing between the magnetic sensors is set to 2 cm, and the magnetic sensor is a three-axis magnetic sensor.

[0060] In a further technical solution, the deposition and migration law of the soil in front of the cutter head and in the shield soil tank under different working conditions is obtained by changing the cutter head rotating speed, the screw conveyor rotating speed, the cutter head structure form, the cutter type, the cutter arrangement mode and the soil type.

[0061] Specifically:

[0062] The real-time tracking test device for visualizing soil movement trajectory during shield tunneling includes: a model soil box 3, a model soil box sliding component 16, a model soil box support component 15, a handle 4, a loading plate 32, a partition 7, a cutterhead 5, a magnetic sensor 24, a torque sensor 10, an earth pressure box 30 / 33, a screw conveyor 18, a cutterhead drive motor 11, a screw conveyor drive motor 21, a jack 13, a drive shaft 8, a horizontal support plate 22, a drive shaft support 9, a torque sensor fixing support 23, a jack fixing support 14, a cutterhead drive motor fixing support 12, a screw conveyor drive motor fixing support 20, a rectangular frame base 1, a guide rail 17, a slider 19, and a crossbeam support 2.

[0063] like Figure 1 As shown, the jack fixing support 14 and the model soil box support component 15 are welded to the rectangular frame base 1. The guide rail 17 is fixed to the rectangular frame base 1 by bolts. The jack 13 is connected to the jack fixing support 14 by bolts. The bottom of the model soil box 3 is provided with two support components, namely the model soil box support component 15 and the model soil box sliding component 16. The model soil box support component 15 is welded to the slider 19 on the guide rail 17. The end of the model soil box 3 is provided with a loading plate 32 and a partition plate 7, respectively. The diameter of the loading plate 32 is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the model soil box 3, and a sealing gasket is provided around the loading plate 32. The partition plate 7 is connected to the drive shaft 8 and is spaced a certain distance from the cutter head 5. The diameter of the partition plate 5 is equivalent to the outer diameter of the model soil box 3, and a sealing gasket is provided around the partition plate. A screw conveyor 18 is fixed on the partition plate 7, and the screw of the screw conveyor 18 extends out of the partition plate by an appropriate distance (the specific distance is determined according to the actual situation). The cutter head 5 is connected to the drive shaft 8, and the cutter head drive motor 11 is connected to the drive shaft 8 via a coupling. The cutter head 5 is freely detachable, and a stirring rod 6 is fixed on the cutter head 5. There is a certain gap between the cutter head 5 and the inner wall of the model soil box 3 (the value of the gap is determined according to the actual situation, and the gap is sealed by existing mature sealing components to achieve sealing while ensuring soft contact. The strength of the seal after sealing can ensure that the soil sample in the test space is not squeezed out). The drive shaft 8 is supported by the drive shaft support 9, the cutter head drive motor 11 is fixed by the cutter head drive motor fixing support 12, and the screw conveyor drive motor 21 is fixed by the screw conveyor fixing support 20. The drive shaft support 9, the cutter head drive motor fixing support 12, the torque sensor fixing support 23, and the screw conveyor fixing support 20 are fixed to the horizontal support plate 22 by bolts. The horizontal support plate 22 can slide freely or be fixed on the guide rail 17.

[0064] Specifically, the working process of the above-mentioned real-time tracking test device for visualizing soil movement trajectory during shield tunneling is as follows:

[0065] S1: Based on the geological requirements, complete the on-site soil sampling and prepare soil samples;

[0066] S2: sliding the horizontal support plate 22 to the right, so that the entire scale earth pressure balance shield tunneling system moves out of the model soil box 3, according to the soil sample volume requirement during the test, the soil is filled and compacted layer by layer from right to left, and in the process of layer-by-layer filling and compacting, the permanent magnet is randomly placed in the soil, and then the magnetic sensor 24 is arranged on the outer periphery of the model soil box 3;

[0067] S3: connecting the magnetic sensor 24 to the PC end through the data line;

[0068] S4: sliding the horizontal support plate 22 to the left, so that the entire scale earth pressure balance shield tunneling system enters the model soil box 3, and the cutter head 5 is sent to the predetermined position in the model soil box 3, and the position between the guide rail 17 of the rectangular frame base 1 and the model soil box sliding part 16 and the position between the horizontal support plate 22 are fixed by existing mature technology. And the partition plate 7 is fixed at the opening position of the end of the model soil box 3 by bolts (the partition plate 7 and the transmission shaft are rotatably connected by bearings and the like, to ensure that the partition plate 7 remains stationary during the rotation of the transmission shaft.). At this time, the space between the cutter head 5 and the partition plate 7 is the shield soil cabin;

[0069] S5: start the jack 13, connect the jack piston part with the loading plate 32; when the jack 13 is pressurized, the loading plate 32 moves to one end of the cutter head 5 and extrudes the test soil sample, at the same time, the cutter head 5 and the screw conveyor 18 start to rotate, simulating the process of excavating soil by the shield, realizing the whole process of the spoil (test soil sample) from the cutter head opening into the simulated shield soil cabin and being discharged through the screw conveyor 18. During the test, the magnetic sensor 24 can receive the magnetic signal emitted by the permanent magnet in real time, obtain the electric signal through the magnetic sensor signal processor, and transmit the position information data of the moving object represented by the electric signal to the data processor, and finally obtain the real-time motion trajectory of the permanent magnet on the PC end.

[0070] At the same time, according to the test requirements, the cutter head speed, the screw conveyor speed, the cutter head structure form, the cutter type, the cutter arrangement method and the soil type can be changed to obtain the motion characteristics of the soil in front of the cutter head and in the shield soil cabin under different working conditions. (Among them, the cutter head speed, the screw conveyor speed, the cutter head structure form, the cutter type, the cutter arrangement method and the soil type can be realized by existing mature technology).

[0071] Example 2:

[0072] The other structure of the embodiment 2 is the same as that of the embodiment 1, and the difference is that a hinged connection can be formed between the model soil box sliding part at the bottom of the model soil box and the model soil box, the model soil box can rotate around the model soil box sliding part, further enabling the model soil box to be tilted and overturned, the left end of the model soil box is tilted downward and is supported by the cross beam to be dragged, the end of the model soil box 3 (close to the loading plate) is vertically rested on the cross beam support in the middle of the rectangular frame, and is temporarily fixed by the existing mature clamping method. The right end of the model soil box is tilted upward, the model soil box 3 is overturned by a certain angle (for example, 90°), so as to facilitate the preloading of the test soil sample. Or a window with opening and closing function is arranged at the top of the model soil box, which is used for adding the test soil sample.

[0073] The above embodiments only express the specific implementation of the present application, which is described in detail and in detail, but cannot be understood as the limitation of the scope of the present application. It should be pointed out that for ordinary skilled in the art, without departing from the concept of the present application, a number of modifications and improvements can be made, which belong to the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A device for real-time tracking of soil movement trajectory visualization in a shield tunneling process, characterized in that, The model soil box, the reduced-scale earth pressure balance shield tunneling system are oppositely arranged and are both slidably installed on the support system and can be locked, The model soil box is a cylindrical structure with open ends and a through hole, a loading plate is arranged in the model soil box, and the loading plate is used for slidably sealing one end opening of the model soil box, One end surface of the loading plate is connected with an extension structure, the extension structure extends out of the model soil box and is installed on the support system, Part of a cutter head of the reduced-scale earth pressure balance shield tunneling system is arranged in the model soil box and is used for rotating and cutting a test soil sample, and part of a partition plate of the reduced-scale earth pressure balance shield tunneling system is used for sleeving and sealing the other end opening of the model soil box during shield tunneling, The loading plate and the sealing part of the reduced-scale earth pressure balance shield tunneling system form a loading space for preloading the test soil sample and simulating the movement track of the test soil sample during shield tunneling, the tunneling part of the reduced-scale earth pressure balance shield tunneling system and the sealing part of the reduced-scale earth pressure balance shield tunneling system form a shield soil chamber of the shield, and the test soil sample after being tunneled by the tunneling part of the reduced-scale earth pressure balance shield tunneling system is guided into the shield soil chamber; The magnetic positioning system comprises a part of a magnetic sensor array and a part of a permanent magnet, the part of the magnetic sensor array is assembled on the outer periphery of the model soil box, and the part of the permanent magnet is randomly placed in the loading space; The sealing part of the reduced-scale earth pressure balance shield tunneling system is further provided with a screw conveyor for discharging the test soil sample in the shield soil chamber out of the model soil box; The bottom of the model soil box is slidably locked on the support system through a sliding part, The reduced-scale earth pressure balance shield tunneling system is slidably locked on the support system through a horizontal support plate, The reduced-scale earth pressure balance shield tunneling system comprises a cutter head, a partition plate, a screw conveyor, a transmission shaft, a torque sensor and a cutter head driving motor, the transmission shaft and the cutter head driving motor are respectively fixed on the horizontal support plate through a transmission shaft support and a cutter head driving motor fixed support, one end of the transmission shaft is connected with the cutter head driving motor, the other end of the transmission shaft is connected with the cutter head, the partition plate is arranged on the transmission shaft part between the cutter head and the transmission shaft support, the torque sensor is arranged on the transmission shaft between the transmission shaft support and the cutter head driving motor fixed support, a stirring rod is fixed on the cutter head, the diameter of the partition plate is consistent with the outer diameter of the model soil box, a sealing gasket is arranged on the periphery of the partition plate, the input end of the screw conveyor is fixed on the partition plate, the screw conveyor is fixed on the horizontal support plate through a fixed support, and the axis of the screw conveyor is parallel to the axis of the transmission shaft; The magnetic positioning system comprises a permanent magnet, a magnetic sensor array, a data collector and a data processor, the magnetic sensor array is used for receiving a magnetic field signal emitted by the permanent magnet and converting the magnetic field signal into an electric signal, and the data collector is responsible for magnetic sensor channel selection and queue type data storage and reading; ​ The data processor comprises a PC and host computer software, is used for processing data collected by the data collector, and executes a permanent magnet pose solving algorithm to calculate and analyze position and attitude information of a positioning point; meanwhile, the PC is used for displaying the position and direction of the current permanent magnet, the movement track of the permanent magnet and a three-dimensional effect diagram in real time. The model soil box, cutter head, stirring rod, loading plate, partition plate and transmission shaft are made of non-magnetic steel material. The loading space of the model soil box is loaded with corresponding test soil samples according to actual test requirements, and the test soil samples are filled and compacted layer by layer. 2.The real-time tracking test device for visualizing the movement track of soil in a shield tunneling process according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support system comprises a rectangular frame base and a guide rail arranged on the rectangular frame base, the telescopic structure is a jack, the jack is installed on the rectangular frame base through a jack fixing support, and the sliding part and the horizontal support plate are both slidably connected and locked to the rectangular frame base through sliding blocks. 3.The real-time tracking test device for visualizing the movement track of soil in a shield tunneling process according to claim 1, characterized in that, The loading plate and the partition plate are both provided with soil pressure cells for measuring the soil pressure of the loading space in front of the cutter head and the soil pressure of the shield soil chamber in the shield tunneling process, the torque sensor is used to obtain the torque when the cutter head excavates the test soil sample in the shield tunneling process, and the loading plate is provided with a wire displacement gauge for measuring the ejection displacement of the jack in real time, so as to control the movement speed of the test soil sample in the model soil box to the cutter head.

4. The device according to claim 1, wherein, The cutter head is connected with the transmission shaft, the cutter head can be freely detached, the cutter head forms include spoke type, web type and panel type, and various cutters can be installed on the front face of the cutter head according to actual shield tunneling requirements.

5. The device according to claim 1, wherein, The cutter head comprises a cutter head panel, spokes, cutters, a leading cutter and a central fish tail cutter. 6.The real-time tracking test device for visualizing the movement track of soil in a shield tunneling process according to claim 1, characterized in that, The magnetic sensor array comprises a block main control circuit board and a block sub-circuit board. The main control circuit board is mainly integrated with 10 magnetic sensors, 2 communication chips and 1 data acquisition card, and the spacing between the magnetic sensors is 2 cm; the sub-circuit board is mainly integrated with 10 magnetic sensors, 1 communication chip and 1 data acquisition card, and the spacing between the magnetic sensors is 2 cm, and the magnetic sensors are three-axis magnetic sensors.

7. The device according to claim 1, wherein, By changing the cutter head rotating speed, screw conveyor rotating speed, cutter head structure form, cutter type, cutter arrangement mode and soil type, the deposition and migration law of soil in front of the cutter head and in the shield soil chamber under different working conditions can be obtained.

Images