Combustor with variable volume primary zone combustion chamber

Abstract

A combustor for a gas turbine has a combustor liner including an outer liner and an inner liner, a combustion chamber defined between the outer liner and the inner liner. The combustion chamber includes a primary combustion zone at an upstream end of the combustion chamber. The combustor further includes an outer liner extended main volume portion and a secondary outer liner portion. One of the outer liner extended main volume portion and the secondary outer liner portion is movable to adjust a volume of the primary combustion zone by opening and closing an inlet to the outer liner extended main volume portion to increase and decrease the volume of the primary combustion zone.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to a combustion chamber in a gas turbine. More specifically, this disclosure relates to a burner having a bushing provided for a variable-volume main combustion zone. Background Technology

[0002] In conventional gas turbine engines, a combustor bushing is provided to define the combustion chamber. The combustion chamber typically defines the main combustion zone at the front end of the combustion chamber closest to the fuel nozzle and mixer assembly, where the mixer assembly injects a fuel-air mixture into the combustion chamber, where the mixture is ignited and burned to form combustion gases. The combustion chamber may also include a dilution zone downstream of the main combustion zone, in which dilution air is supplied through the combustor bushing to quench the combustion gases. The combustion chamber may also include a secondary combustion zone, in which the quenched combustion gases are further mixed with the dilution air before flowing through the turbine nozzles into the turbine section of the gas turbine engine. Typically, the combustor bushing has a fixed length and geometry such that the various zones of the combustion chamber (e.g., the main zone, dilution zone, and secondary zone) have fixed volumes for operation in all various operating conditions (e.g., startup, takeoff, cruise, and approach). Attached Figure Description

[0003] The features, advantages, and embodiments of this disclosure will become apparent from the following more detailed description of various exemplary embodiments, as illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein similar reference numerals generally denote the same, functionally similar, and / or structurally similar elements.

[0004] Figure 1 This is a schematic partial cross-sectional side view of an exemplary high-bypass turbofan jet engine according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0005] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional side view of a burner according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0006] Figure 3 Based on aspects of this disclosure Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of the burner bushing taken at plane 3-3.

[0007] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional side view of a burner according to another aspect of this disclosure.

[0008] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional side view of a burner according to another aspect of this disclosure.

[0009] Figure 6A and 6B Based on aspects of this disclosure Figure 5 A cross-sectional view of the burner bushing taken at plane 6-6.

[0010] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional side view of an exemplary burner 26 according to another aspect of this disclosure.

[0011] Figure 8A and 8B Based on aspects of this disclosure Figure 7 A cross-sectional view of the burner bushing taken at plane 8-8.

[0012] Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional side view of an exemplary burner 26 according to another aspect of this disclosure.

[0013] Figure 10A and 10B Based on aspects of this disclosure Figure 9 A cross-sectional view of the burner bushing taken at 10-10 on the plane.

[0014] Figure 11 This is a cross-sectional side view of an exemplary burner 26 according to another aspect of this disclosure.

[0015] Figure 12A and 12B Based on aspects of this disclosure Figure 11 A cross-sectional view of the burner bushing taken at plane 12-12.

[0016] Figure 13 This is a cross-sectional side view of an exemplary burner 26 according to another aspect of this disclosure.

[0017] Figure 14A and 14B Based on aspects of this disclosure Figure 13 The view cropped at 172 in the detail view.

[0018] Figure 15 This is a cross-sectional side view of an exemplary burner 26 according to another aspect of this disclosure.

[0019] Figure 16 Based on aspects of this disclosure Figure 15 A cross-sectional view taken at point 16-16 on the plane.

[0020] Figure 17 Based on aspects of this disclosure Figure 15 A cross-sectional view taken at point 17-17 on the plane.

[0021] Figure 18 This is a cross-sectional side view of an exemplary burner 26 according to another aspect of this disclosure.

[0022] Figures 19A to 19DA cross-sectional view of an exemplary outer bushing extending the main volume portion according to various aspects of this disclosure is depicted.

[0023] Figure 20 This is a cross-sectional side view of an exemplary burner according to another aspect of this disclosure.

[0024] Figure 21 This is a cross-sectional side view of an exemplary burner according to another aspect of this disclosure.

[0025] Figure 22 It is based on another aspect of this disclosure Figure 4 A magnified view of the alternative arrangement of the secondary outer bushing section, taken at point 250. Detailed Implementation

[0026] Various embodiments are discussed in detail below. Although specific embodiments are discussed, they are for illustrative purposes only. Those skilled in the art will recognize that other components and configurations can be used without departing from the spirit and scope of this disclosure.

[0027] As used herein, the terms “first,” “second,” and “third” are used interchangeably to distinguish one component from another and are not intended to indicate the location or importance of the individual components.

[0028] The terms "upstream" and "downstream" refer to the relative directions of fluid flow within a fluid path. For example, "upstream" refers to the direction from which the fluid flows, and "downstream" refers to the direction from which the fluid flows.

[0029] Various features, advantages, and embodiments of this disclosure will be apparent or apparent from consideration of the following detailed description, accompanying drawings, and claims. Furthermore, it should be understood that the following detailed description is exemplary and intended to provide further explanation without limiting the scope of the claimed disclosure.

[0030] In conventional gas turbine engines, the combustor bushing has a fixed volume and geometry, such that the various zones of the combustion chamber (e.g., the main zone, dilution zone, and sub-zone) have fixed volumes for operation under all the various operating conditions of the engine. However, due to increasingly stringent emission requirements for gas turbine engines, there is a need to continue reducing NOx emissions and achieving more efficient combustion of the fuel-air mixture. This disclosure aims to reduce NOx emissions and improve operability by varying the volume of the main combustion zone under various operating conditions. According to this disclosure, the combustor bushing includes an outer bushing extending the main volume portion and a secondary outer bushing portion. One of the outer bushing extending the main volume portion and the secondary outer bushing portion is movable to adjust the volume of the main combustion zone by opening and closing the inlet to the outer bushing extending the main volume portion, thereby increasing and decreasing the volume of the main combustion zone. Therefore, a smaller main combustion zone can be provided during high-power operation to provide more efficient combustion of the fuel-air mixture in the main combustion zone. On the other hand, by actuating the secondary bushing portion to allow access to the outer bushing to expand the main volume portion and correspondingly increase the main combustion zone, the volume of the main combustion zone can be increased, thereby improving operability during lower power operation.

[0031] Now refer to the attached diagram, Figure 1 This is a schematic partial cross-sectional side view of an exemplary high-bypass turbofan jet engine 10, referred to herein as "engine 10," which can be incorporated into various embodiments of this disclosure. Although further described below with reference to turbofan engines, this disclosure is also applicable to general turbomachinery, including turbojet engines, turboprop engines, and turboshaft gas turbine engines, including marine and industrial turbine engines and auxiliary power units. Figure 1 As shown, engine 10 has an axial centerline axis 12 extending through it from upstream end 98 to downstream end 99, for reference. Typically, engine 10 may include a fan assembly 14 and a core engine 16 disposed downstream of the fan assembly 14.

[0032] The core engine 16 typically includes a housing 18 defining an annular inlet 20. The housing 18 surrounds or at least partially forms, in a series flow relationship, a compressor section (22 / 24) having a turbocharger or low-pressure (LP) compressor 22 and a high-pressure (HP) compressor 24, a combustor 26, a turbine section (28 / 30) including a high-pressure (HP) turbine 28 and a low-pressure (LP) turbine 30, and an exhaust nozzle section 32. A high-pressure (HP) rotor shaft 34 drivesly connects the HP turbine 28 to the HP compressor 24. A low-pressure (LP) rotor shaft 36 drivesly connects the LP turbine 30 to the LP compressor 22. The LP rotor shaft 36 may also be connected to a fan shaft 38 of the fan assembly 14. In certain embodiments, such as Figure 1As shown, the LP rotor shaft 36 can be connected to the fan shaft 38 via a reduction gear 40, for example in an indirect drive configuration or a gear drive configuration.

[0033] like Figure 1 As shown, the fan assembly 14 includes a plurality of fan blades 42 coupled to and extending radially outward from the fan shaft 38. An annular fan housing or nacelle 44 circumferentially surrounds at least a portion of the fan assembly 14 and / or the core engine 16. In one embodiment, the nacelle 44 may be supported relative to the core engine 16 by a plurality of circumferentially spaced outlet guide vanes or struts 46. Furthermore, at least a portion of the nacelle 44 may extend over the outer portion of the core engine 16 to define a bypass airflow passage 48 therebetween.

[0034] Figure 2 Is it like this? Figure 1 A cross-sectional side view of an exemplary combustor 26 of the core engine 16 shown. Figure 2 As shown, the burner 26 typically includes an annular burner bushing 50 and a dome assembly 56. The annular burner bushing 50 extends circumferentially about the burner centerline axis 112 and includes an inner bushing 52 and an outer bushing 54. The inner bushing 52, outer bushing 54, and dome assembly 56 extend circumferentially about the burner centerline axis 112. Together, the inner bushing 52, outer bushing 54, and dome assembly 56 define a combustion chamber 62 between them. Combustion chamber 62 may more specifically define various regions, including a main combustion zone 88 at the upstream end 94 of combustion chamber 62, where the initial chemical reaction of the fuel-oxidant mixture 85 and / or the recirculation of combustion gases 86 may occur before further downstream flow to dilution zone 90, where the mixing and / or recirculation of combustion gases 86 and dilution air may occur before flow to secondary combustion zone 92 at the downstream end 96 of combustion chamber 62, where combustion products flow into turbine nozzle 77. A dome assembly 56 extends radially between an outer bushing 54 and an inner bushing 52, and extends circumferentially around the combustor centerline axis 112 as described above. Furthermore, the inner bushing 52, outer bushing 54, and dome assembly 56 are connected to a shroud 60, and the shroud 60 defines a pressure plenum 66 between the shroud 60 and the dome assembly 56.

[0035] like Figure 2 As shown, the outer bushing 54 can be enclosed within the outer casing 64, and the inner bushing 52 can be enclosed within the inner casing 65. An external flow passage 68 is defined between the outer casing 64 and the outer bushing 54, and an internal flow passage 70 is defined between the inner casing 65 and the inner bushing 52. Therefore, the outer bushing 54 and the inner bushing 52 at least partially define the hot gas path between the burner bushing 50 and the turbine nozzle 77.

[0036] Further as Figure 2 As shown, the inner liner 52 may include a plurality of dilution openings 102 and an inner liner dilution barrier 103 in the dilution zone 90, and the outer liner 54 may include a plurality of dilution openings 100 and a dilution barrier 101 in the dilution zone 90. The dilution openings 100, dilution barriers 101, dilution openings 102, and inner liner dilution barriers 103 provide a dilution air 82(c) flow that passes through the outer flow passage 68 and the inner flow passage 70 and enters the combustion chamber 62. The dilution air 82(c) flow can be used to provide quenching of the combustion gas 86 in the dilution zone 90 downstream of the main combustion zone 88 in order to cool the combustion gas 86 flow entering the turbine nozzle 77.

[0037] During the operation of engine 10, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown in the diagram, as indicated by the arrows, a volume of air 73 enters the engine 10 from the upstream end 98 through the relevant inlet 76 of the nacelle 44 and / or fan assembly 14. As the volume of air 73 passes through the fan blades 42, a portion of the air 73 (as indicated by arrow 78) is directed or directed into the bypass airflow passage 48, while another portion of the air 73 (as indicated by arrow 80) is directed or directed into the LP compressor 22 via the annular inlet 20. The portion 80 of air entering the annular inlet 20 is gradually compressed as it flows through the LP compressor 22 and the HP compressor 24 towards the combustor 26. Figure 2 As shown, compressed air, schematically indicated by arrow 82, flows into and pressurizes the diffuser chamber 84 of the burner 26. A first portion of the compressed air 82 (schematically indicated by arrow 82(a)) flows from the diffuser chamber 84 into the pressure boosting chamber 66. The compressed air 82(a) is then swirled by the mixer assembly 58 and mixed with fuel supplied through the main fuel nozzle 72 to produce a fuel-oxidant mixture 85, which is then ignited and burned to produce combustion gases 86 within the main combustion zone 88 of the combustion chamber 62. Typically, the LP compressor 22 and HP compressor 24 supply more compressed air 82 to the diffuser chamber 84 than is required for combustion. Therefore, a second portion of the compressed air 82 (schematically indicated by arrow 82(b)) can be used for various purposes other than combustion. For example, as... Figure 2As shown, compressed air 82(b) can be directed into the outer flow passage 68 and the inner flow passage 69. A portion of the compressed air 82(b) can then pass through the dilution opening 100 (schematically shown as compressed air 82(c)) and enter the dilution zone 90 of the combustion chamber 62 to provide quenching of the combustion gases 86 in the dilution zone 90. A similar flow of compressed air 82(c) from the inner flow passage 70 flows through the dilution opening 102 and enters the dilution zone 90. Furthermore, or alternatively, at least a portion of the compressed air 82(b) can be discharged from the diffuser cavity 84 and can be directed through various flow passages (not shown) to provide cooling air to at least one of the HP turbine 28 or the LP turbine 30.

[0038] Let's refer to it together later. Figure 1 and Figure 2 Combustion gases 86 generated in combustion chamber 62 flow from burner bushing 50 through turbine nozzle 77 into HP turbine 28, causing HP rotor shaft 34 to rotate, thereby supporting the operation of HP compressor 24. Figure 1 As shown, the combustion gases 86 are then directed through the LP turbine 30, causing the LP rotor shaft 36 to rotate, thereby supporting the operation of the LP compressor 22 and / or the rotation of the fan shaft 38. The combustion gases 86 are then discharged through the injection exhaust nozzle section 32 of the core engine 16 to provide propulsion at the downstream end 99.

[0039] Various arrangements of the burner 26 according to this disclosure will now be described. Generally, each burner 26 according to this disclosure includes the ability to expand the volume of the main combustion zone 88.

[0040] See Figure 2 The burner 26 includes an outer bushing extending the main volume portion 104 and a secondary outer bushing portion 106. Figure 2 The outer bushing extension main volume portion 104 may be made of metal, ceramic matrix composite, or other materials, and may be integral with the outer bushing 54 and define an extended main combustion zone cavity 108 therein. As used herein, the term "integral" may mean that one component is formed as a continuous portion of another component, or may mean that one component is connected (e.g., bonded to, brazed to, etc.) to another component to define a single component portion. Furthermore, a component considered to be "integral" with another component is considered to be non-translatable, non-rotatable, or non-movable relative to another component that may translate, rotate, or move. The secondary outer bushing portion 106 may also be made of metal, ceramic matrix composite, or other materials.

[0041] Figure 3 Is Figure 2The image shows a cross-sectional view of the burner bushing 50 taken at plane 3-3. The outer bushing extends the main volume portion 104 and the secondary outer bushing portion 106 circumferentially around the burner centerline axis 112, so that the extended main combustion zone cavity 108 also extends circumferentially around the burner centerline axis 112. The extended main combustion zone cavity 108 can expand the total volume of the main combustion zone 88 by up to forty percent.

[0042] Return to reference Figure 2 The secondary outer bushing portion 106 also extends in the longitudinal direction (L) across the inner side 110 of the outer bushing extended main volume portion 104. On one hand, when in the closed position, the secondary outer bushing portion 106 can include or function as a muffler. A plurality of seals 126 can be included between the outer bushing extended main volume portion 104 and the secondary outer bushing portion 106. The secondary outer bushing portion 106 is longitudinally movable to adjust the total volume of the main combustion zone 88 by opening and closing the inlet to the outer bushing extended main volume portion 104. More specifically, the secondary outer bushing portion 106 can be actuated in the longitudinal direction (L) via one or more actuators 114 to open and close the inlet to the outer bushing extended main volume portion 104. The actuators 114 can be, for example, pneumatic or hydraulic actuators controlled by an engine controller 120 controlling the engine 10. Actuator 114 may include actuator arm 116 connected to the secondary outer bushing portion 106 via connecting rod 118, and actuator arm 116 may extend and retract via actuator 114 to longitudinally translate the secondary outer bushing portion 106 to open and close the inlet to the outer bushing extended main volume portion 104. Thus, for example, under various operating conditions of engine 10, engine controller 120 may actuate actuator 114 to open the inlet to the outer bushing extended main volume portion 104, thereby expanding the total volume of the main combustion zone 88. Under other operating conditions of engine 10, engine controller 120 may actuate actuator 114 to close the inlet to the outer bushing extended main volume portion 104. By adjusting the volume of the main combustion zone 88, NOx emissions can be reduced and more efficient operation of combustor 26 can be achieved.

[0043] Common Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 At least one secondary fuel nozzle 122 and secondary igniter 124 may be disposed within the outer bushing extended main volume portion 104. The secondary fuel nozzle 122 and secondary igniter 124 may be operated by the engine controller 120 during, for example, start-up and / or higher power operating conditions, wherein the volume of the main combustion zone 88 may be expanded by actuating the secondary outer bushing portion 106 to open an inlet to the outer bushing extended main volume portion 104.

[0044] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional side view of an exemplary burner 26 according to another aspect of this disclosure. Figure 4 Similar to Figure 2 In this respect. However, in Figure 4 In this design, the outer bushing extended main volume portion 104 includes at least one cooling airflow opening 128 on its downstream side 129. Furthermore, the upstream end 132 of the secondary outer bushing portion 106 includes an upstream wall 130 extending radially outward in the radial direction (R) relative to the burner centerline axis 112. The upstream wall 130 also extends circumferentially around the burner centerline axis 112. A seal 134 may be disposed between the upstream wall 130 and the inner surface 135 of the outer bushing extended main volume portion 104. At least one cooling airflow opening 128 provides a flow of cooling air 82(c) into the main combustion zone cavity 108 between the outer bushing extended main volume portion 104 and the secondary outer bushing portion 106 to provide impingement cooling to the secondary outer bushing portion 106. When the secondary outer bushing portion 106 is fully translated in the longitudinal direction (L) toward the downstream end 96 of the combustion chamber 62, the upstream wall 130 may engage the cooling airflow opening 128 to restrict the flow of air 82(c) through the cooling airflow opening 128.

[0045] Furthermore, when the upstream end 132 of the secondary outer bushing portion 106 includes an upstream wall 130, the secondary outer bushing portion 106 can be actuated in the longitudinal direction (L), causing the upstream wall 130 to gradually adjust the volume of the main combustion zone 88 to gradually increase or gradually decrease the volume of the main combustion zone 88. In other words, the secondary outer bushing portion 106 can be actuated by the actuator 114 from... Figure 4 The fully closed position shown is actuated towards the downstream end 96 (i.e., in the downstream direction) to a partially open position, wherein the upstream wall 130 may be located at position 130(a), and actuated to a fully open position, wherein the upstream wall 130 may be located at position 130(b). When the upstream wall 130 is in the fully open position 130(b), the upstream wall 130 closes the cooling airflow opening 128. In this respect, the volume of the main combustion zone 88 can be partially expanded by entering a portion of the outer bushing to expand the main volume portion 104, rather than providing full entry into the outer bushing to expand the main volume portion 104. This aspect allows for better control of the expanded volume of the main combustion zone 88 through more operating conditions.

[0046] Figures 2 to 4 The aforementioned aspects provide longitudinal movement of the secondary outer bushing portion 106 to adjust the volume of the main combustion zone 88. On the other hand, the following aspects provide rotational movement of various burner components to expand the volume of the main combustion zone 88.

[0047] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional side view of an exemplary burner 26 according to another aspect of this disclosure. Figure 5The device includes an outer bushing extension main volume portion 104 integral with the outer bushing 54 and a movable secondary outer bushing portion 106. The secondary outer bushing portion 106 extends circumferentially about the burner centerline axis 112 and extends longitudinally across the inner side 110 of the outer bushing extension main volume portion 104. The secondary outer bushing portion 106 also includes a plurality of secondary outer bushing portion openings 140 passing through it, the plurality of secondary outer bushing portion openings 140 being circumferentially spaced from each other around the secondary outer bushing portion 106. The plurality of secondary outer bushing portion openings 140 may be in the form of slotted openings or rectangular openings passing through the secondary outer bushing portion 106. The secondary outer bushing portion 106 is movable and arranged to be rotatably actuated about the burner centerline axis 112 to rotate the plurality of secondary outer bushing portion openings 140 to open and close the inlets to the outer bushing extension main volume portion 104. More specifically, actuator 136 can be connected to the secondary outer bushing portion 106 via actuator connecting rod 138 to provide rotational movement of the secondary outer bushing portion 106 about the burner centerline axis 112. Similar to... Figure 2 In this respect, the seal 126 can be disposed between the outer bushing extended main volume portion 104 and the secondary outer bushing portion 106. Figure 5 The secondary fuel nozzle 122 and secondary igniter 124 may also be included within the main volume portion 104 of the outer bushing, as described above.

[0048] Figure 6A and Figure 6B Is Figure 5 Figure 6 shows a cross-sectional view of the burner bushing 50 taken at plane 6-6. In Figure 6, it can be seen that the outer bushing extended main volume portion 104 includes multiple extended main volume chambers 142, which are circumferentially spaced from each other around the burner centerline axis 112. That is, the outer bushing extended main volume portion 104 is not like... Figure 3 The extended main combustion zone cavity 108, which is defined circumferentially around the burner centerline axis 112, is instead defined by an outer bushing extended main volume portion 104, which defines an extended main volume chamber 142. This extended main volume chamber 142 is positioned relative to the corresponding mixer assembly 58 and associated fuel nozzle 72 surrounding the burner 26. Therefore, when the secondary outer bushing portion 106 rotates to such a position... Figure 5 and 6A In the position shown, the corresponding secondary outer bushing portion opening in the secondary outer bushing portion opening 140 is aligned with the corresponding extended main volume chamber in the extended main volume chamber 142, the inlet to the outer bushing extended main volume portion 104 is opened, and the volume of the main combustion zone 88 is expanded. On the other hand, as Figure 6B As shown, when the secondary outer bushing portion 106 rotates around the burner centerline axis 112 in the rotation direction 144 to the position shown... Figure 6BIn the position shown, the corresponding secondary outer bushing portion opening in the secondary outer bushing portion opening 140 is not aligned with the corresponding extended main volume chamber in the extended main volume chamber 142, and the inlet to the outer bushing extended main volume portion 104 is closed and the volume of the main combustion zone 88 is not expanded.

[0049] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional side view of an exemplary burner 26 according to another aspect of this disclosure. Figure 7 Similar to Figure 5 In this respect, one difference is that each of the plurality of extended main volume chambers 142 includes at least one cooling channel 146 passing through it, and the secondary outer bushing portion 106 also includes a plurality of cooling channel connecting members 148. Figure 8A and 8B Is Figure 7 A cross-sectional view of the burner bushing 50 taken at plane 8-8. (See figure) Figure 7 and Figure 8A As shown, when the secondary outer bushing portion 106 rotates to a first position 143 defined relative to a first radial line 150 extending from the burner centerline axis 112 to open the inlet to the plurality of extended main volume chambers 142, the plurality of cooling channel engaging members 148 engage the plurality of cooling channels 146 to close the plurality of cooling channels. On the other hand, as Figure 8B As shown, when the secondary outer bushing portion 106 rotates in the rotation direction 144 to the second position 145 defined by the second radial line 152 to close the inlet to the plurality of extended main volume chambers 142, the plurality of cooling channel engagement members 148 disengage from the plurality of cooling channels 146 to allow cooling airflow 82(c) to flow into the plurality of extended main volume chambers 142 to provide shock cooling to the secondary outer bushing portion 106.

[0050] Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional side view of an exemplary burner 26 according to another aspect of this disclosure. Figure 10A and 10B Is Figure 9 A cross-sectional view of the burner bushing 50 taken at plane 10-10. (Common Reference) Figure 9 and 10A Each of the plurality of extended main volume chambers 142 includes a first side 158, a second side 162 opposite to the first side 158, and a radially outer side 160 connecting the first side 158 and the second side 162. The first side 158 includes an airflow opening 154 therethrough. Similar to Figure 7 In this aspect, the secondary outer bushing portion 106 includes a plurality of airflow opening engaging members 156 extending outwardly from the secondary outer bushing portion 106. A corresponding airflow opening engaging member among the plurality of airflow opening engaging members 156 is arranged to engage with a corresponding airflow opening in a plurality of airflow openings 154. Figure 9In the diagram, the airflow opening 154 and the airflow opening connecting member 156 are shown in dashed lines. Figure 10A In this process, when the secondary outer bushing portion 106 rotates relative to the first radial line 150 to the first position 143 to open the inlet to the plurality of extended main volume chambers 142, the corresponding airflow opening engagement member in the airflow opening engagement member 156 engages to close the corresponding airflow opening in the airflow opening 154. On the other hand, as Figure 10B As shown, when the secondary outer bushing portion 106 is rotated to the second position 145 to close the inlet to the plurality of extended main volume chambers 142, the corresponding airflow opening engagement member in the plurality of airflow opening engagement members 156 disengages from the corresponding airflow opening in the plurality of airflow openings 154 to allow cooling airflow 82(c) to flow into the plurality of extended main volume chambers 142 to provide shock cooling to the secondary outer bushing portion 106.

[0051] Figure 11 This is a cross-sectional side view of an exemplary burner 26 according to another aspect of this disclosure. Figure 12A and 12B Is Figure 11 A cross-sectional view of the burner bushing 50 taken at plane 12-12. Figure 11 In some ways, it is similar to Figure 5 In this respect, except that the secondary outer bushing portion 106 is integral with the outer bushing 54, the outer bushing expander main volume portion 104 is movable. The secondary outer bushing portion 106 includes a plurality of secondary outer bushing portion openings 140 passing through it. (See reference) Figure 12A The outer bushing extended main volume portion 104 includes a plurality of extended main volume chambers 142. The outer bushing extended main volume portion 104 is rotatably actuated by an actuator 136 to rotate about the burner centerline axis 112. When the outer bushing extended main volume portion 104 rotates to a first position indicated by a first radial line 150, corresponding secondary outer bushing portion openings 140 align to open together with the outer bushing extended main volume portion 104, thereby allowing access to the outer bushing extended main volume portion 104 to expand the volume of the main combustion zone 88. On the other hand, as... Figure 12B As shown, when the outer bushing extended main volume portion 104 rotates in the rotation direction 144 to the second position indicated by the second radial line 152, the corresponding secondary outer bushing portion openings among the plurality of secondary outer bushing portion openings 140 align to close together with the outer bushing extended main volume portion 104, thereby closing the inlet to the outer bushing extended main volume portion 104 to reduce the volume of the main combustion zone 88 from the extended volume.

[0052] Figure 13 This is a cross-sectional side view of an exemplary burner 26 according to another aspect of this disclosure. Figure 13 Similar to Figure 2In terms of operation, the secondary outer bushing portion 106 is actuated in the longitudinal direction to open and close the inlet to the outer bushing extended main volume portion 104. However, one difference is that the outer bushing extended main volume portion 104 defines a multi-chamber extended main volume portion 166, which includes an upstream extended main volume chamber 168 and a downstream extended main volume chamber 170. A secondary fuel nozzle 122 may be disposed in the upstream extended main volume chamber 168, and a secondary fuel nozzle 123 may be disposed in the downstream extended main volume chamber 170. Similar to... Figure 3 The outer bushing extended main volume portion 104, the upstream extended main volume chamber 168 and the downstream extended main volume chamber 170 shown in the figure all extend circumferentially around the burner centerline axis 112.

[0053] Figure 14A and Figure 14B Is Figure 13 The view cropped at point 172 in the detail view provides a detailed explanation. Figure 13 The operation of the secondary outer bushing section 106. Figure 14A In the middle, actuator 114 is actuated to move the sub-outer bushing portion 106 in the downstream direction from Figure 13 The fully closed position shown is shifted towards the downstream end 96 of combustion chamber 62 to the first position 174 to open the inlet to the upstream extended main volume chamber 168. In this respect, the volume of the main combustion zone 88 can be expanded to the first extended volume. Figure 14B In the downstream direction, actuator 114 can continue to actuate the secondary outer bushing portion 106 toward the downstream end 96 of combustion chamber 62 to a second position 176 to open the inlet to the upstream extended main volume chamber 168 and the downstream extended main volume chamber 170.

[0054] Figure 15 This is a cross-sectional side view of an exemplary burner 26 according to another aspect of this disclosure. Figure 15 In this aspect, the outer bushing extending the main volume portion 104 is integral with the outer bushing, and is similar to... Figure 3 The outer bushing portion 104 shown extends circumferentially around the burner centerline axis 112. As will be described below, at least a portion of the secondary outer bushing portion 106 is movable. Figure 15 The secondary outer bushing portion 106 is arranged within the outer bushing extended main volume portion 104 and includes a first portion 178 and a second portion 180 that are rotatably actuated relative to each other by an actuator 182 to open and close the entrance to the outer bushing extended main volume portion 104.

[0055] Figure 16 Is Figure 15 A cross-sectional view taken at plane 16-16 depicts an example of the first section 178. (See image.) Figure 16As shown, the first portion 178 includes a plurality of first segments 184 circumferentially spaced around the burner centerline axis 112. Each of the first segments 184 may be connected to or integrally formed with a first portion circumferential wall 186 extending circumferentially around the burner centerline axis 112. (Return to Reference) Figure 15 The first partial circumferential wall 186 includes an upstream extension 188 that extends longitudinally upstream from the upstream side 190 of a plurality of first segments 184.

[0056] Figure 17 Is Figure 15 A cross-sectional view taken at plane 17-17 depicts an example of the second section 180. (See image.) Figure 17 As shown, the second portion 180 includes a plurality of second segments 192 circumferentially spaced around the burner centerline axis 112. The second portion 180 may include a second portion circumferential wall 194 extending circumferentially around the burner centerline axis 112, wherein each of the plurality of second segments 192 may be connected to or integrally formed with the second portion circumferential wall 194. The second portion circumferential wall 194 also includes a plurality of second portion airflow openings 196 circumferentially spaced between each of the plurality of second segments 192. The plurality of second portion airflow openings 196 may be in the form of slotted or rectangular openings through the second portion circumferential wall 194. Figure 17 The cross-sectional view also includes a cross-sectional view of the upstream extension 188 through the first partial circumferential wall 186, and, as Figure 17 As shown, the upstream extension 188 includes a plurality of first block portion airflow openings 198 passing through it. The plurality of first block portion airflow openings 198 may be in the form of slotted or rectangular openings passing through the upstream extension 188. For reference, a plurality of first block segments 184 in Figure 17 The dashed line indicates this, and, as shown... Figure 17 As can be seen, each of the plurality of first partial airflow openings 198 is circumferentially spaced between the plurality of first segments 184.

[0057] In operation, the first portion 178 can be fixedly connected within the burner 26, preventing it from rotating about the burner's central axis 112. Conversely, the second portion 180 can be connected to an actuator 182, which provides rotational movement of the second portion 180 about the burner's central axis 112. With the inlet to the outer bushing extended main volume portion 104 closed, the first portion 178 can... Figure 16 The arrangement is shown, and the second part 180 can be as follows: Figure 17 The arrangement is shown. Therefore, as... Figure 17As shown, the second section 180 is positioned to cover the airflow opening 198 of the first section. To open the inlet to the outer bushing extended main volume section 104, the second section 180 can be actuated by actuator 182 in the rotational direction 144 (i.e., Figure 17 Rotate counterclockwise (in the middle) to align the first partial airflow opening 198 and the second partial airflow opening 196. That is, in Figure 17 In this configuration, multiple second segments 192 are rotated to overlap with the first segment 184 shown by the dashed line. Of course, an arrangement can be implemented in which the first segment 178 is movable and the second segment 180 is fixedly connected in the burner 26, or an arrangement in which both the first segment 178 and the second segment 180 are movable to open and close the inlet to the outer bushing extended main volume section 104.

[0058] Figure 18 This is a cross-sectional side view of an exemplary burner 26 according to another aspect of this disclosure. Figure 18 In some ways, it is similar to Figure 2 In this respect, the outer bushing extends the main volume portion 104 and the secondary outer bushing portion 106, which are integrally formed with each other and can move together. Similar to... Figure 2 In this aspect, the secondary outer bushing portion 106 is longitudinally translated by the actuator 114, in Figure 18 In this aspect, the integrated outer bushing extends the main volume portion 104 and the secondary outer bushing portion 106 as a single unit, which are longitudinally translated. Figure 18 As shown, the integrated outer bushing expands the main volume portion 104 and the secondary outer bushing portion 106, positioned by the actuator 114, such that the inlet through the outer bushing opening 200 in the outer bushing 54 leading to the expanded main volume portion 104 is opened to expand the volume of the main combustion zone 88. On the other hand, the integrated outer bushing expands the main volume portion 104 and the secondary outer bushing portion 106 can be longitudinally translated in the downstream direction 202, such that the secondary outer bushing portion 106 of the integrated outer bushing expands the main volume portion 104 and the secondary outer bushing portion 106 covers the outer bushing opening 200 to close the inlet leading to the expanded main volume portion 104.

[0059] exist Figures 2 to 12A and Figures 15 to 18 In each aspect depicted, the cross-sectional side view of the outer bushing extending the main volume portion 104 is depicted as generally U-shaped. However, the outer bushing extending the main volume portion 104 is not limited to a U-shape and may instead be implemented in other shapes. For example, as Figures 19A to 19D As shown, the outer bushing expands the main volume portion 104, which can be implemented as a trapezoid. Figure 19A ), semi-circular or arc-shaped ( Figure 19B ), oval ( Figure 19C ) or triangle ( Figure 19DOf course, these are just some examples, and other shapes can be implemented instead.

[0060] Figure 20 This is a cross-sectional side view of another exemplary burner 26 according to yet another aspect of this disclosure. Figure 20 In this configuration, multiple block portions are provided for the outer bushing 54 and inner bushing 52 at the dilution zone 90 to form a convergent-divergent dilution zone 90. At the outer bushing 54, a first outer bushing block portion 204 can be fixed to the outer bushing 54, while a second outer bushing block portion 206 can be rotated or moved longitudinally relative to the burner centerline axis 112 via an outer bushing actuator 212. Similarly, at the inner bushing 52, a first inner bushing block portion 208 having multiple first inner bushing block portion airflow openings 223 can be fixed to the inner bushing 52, while a second inner bushing block portion 210 can be rotated or moved longitudinally relative to the burner centerline axis 112 via an inner bushing actuator 214. The first outer bushing block portion 204 is similar to... Figures 15 to 17 The first part 178 and the second outer bushing part 206 are similar. Figures 15 to 17 The second part 180. The second outer bushing block part 206 can be connected with the second part 180 ( Figure 17 The same mechanism is used to rotate the outer bushing actuator 212 around the burner centerline axis 112, thereby expanding and contracting the size of the dilution zone 90. The second inner bushing block portion 210 is also rotated and actuated by the inner bushing actuator 214 to open and close a plurality of first inner bushing block portion airflow openings 223, thereby expanding and contracting the size of the dilution zone 90. Furthermore, the outer bushing actuator 212 can longitudinally actuate the second outer bushing block portion 206 (shown as second outer bushing block portion 206(a)) to expand and contract the length of the convergent-divergent portion and also reduce the size of the main combustion zone 88. Similarly, the inner bushing actuator 214 can longitudinally actuate the second inner bushing block portion 210 (shown as second inner bushing block portion 210(a)) to expand and contract the length of the convergent-divergent portion and also reduce the size of the main combustion zone 88. The first outer liner block portion 204 may also include a plurality of block dilution openings 216 therethrough to allow dilution air 82(c) to flow into the combustion chamber 62. Similarly, the first inner liner block portion 208 may include a plurality of block dilution openings 218 therethrough to allow dilution air 82(c) to flow into the combustion chamber 62.

[0061] Similar to Figure 16As shown in the diagram, the first outer liner block portion 204 includes a plurality of first outer liner block segments 220 circumferentially spaced around the burner centerline axis 112. Furthermore, the first outer liner block portion 204 may include a plurality of first outer liner block portion airflow openings 221, which are similar to... Figure 17 The first section has an airflow opening 198. The second outer bushing section 206 may further include multiple second outer bushing sections 222, which are similar to... Figure 17 The multiple second sections 192 are circumferentially spaced around the burner centerline axis 112. Therefore, the first outer bushing block portion 204 and the second outer bushing block portion 206 are similar in operation to... Figures 15 to 17 As shown in the diagram, the first inner liner block portion 208 is similar to the first outer liner block portion 204, the second inner liner block portion 210 is similar to the second outer liner block portion 206, and the first inner liner block portion 208 and the second inner liner block portion 210 are also similar in operation. Figures 15 to 17 .

[0062] Figure 21 This is a cross-sectional side view of another exemplary burner 26 according to yet another aspect of this disclosure. Figure 21 Similar to Figure 20 In terms of aspect, the difference lies in the length of the block portion within the burner 26. Figure 21 In the combustion chamber 62, a first outer bushing block portion 224 extends from the dome assembly 56 into the subcombustion zone 92 at the upstream end 94. A second outer bushing block portion 226 extends from the dome assembly 56 into the dilution zone 90 at the upstream end 94 of the combustion chamber 62. The first outer bushing block portion 224 includes sections similar to the first block segment 184. Figure 16 Multiple first sections 236 and airflow openings similar to the first section 198 () Figure 17 Multiple first outer bushing block portions 232. Second outer bushing block portions 226 include airflow openings similar to the second block section 192. Figure 17 The multiple second outer bushing block sections 238 and the second outer bushing block portion 226 are in conjunction with Figure 17 The second section 180 shown is rotatably actuated about the burner centerline axis 112 by actuator 136 in a similar manner. The first inner liner section 228 similarly includes sections similar to the first section 184. Figure 16 Multiple first sections 240 and airflow openings 198 similar to the first section () Figure 17 The first inner liner section 230 includes multiple airflow openings 234. The second inner liner section 230 also includes airflow openings similar to the second section 192. Figure 17 Multiple second inner liner block sections 242 and second inner liner block portions 230 are connected with Figure 17The second section 180 shown is actuated rotatably by actuator 136 about the burner centerline axis 112 in a similar manner.

[0063] Figure 22 It is based on another aspect of this disclosure Figure 4 A magnified view of the alternative arrangement of the secondary outer bushing portion 106, cropped at detail view 250. Figure 22 In comparison to the single-piece secondary bushing portion 106 with an upstream wall 130, Figure 22 The secondary outer bushing portion 106 is shown to include, similar to, Figure 4 The multiple parts of the secondary outer bushing portion 106, which are defined Figure 22 The secondary outer bushing portion 106 includes a first outer bushing portion 244, a second outer bushing portion 246, and a third outer bushing portion 248. The second outer bushing portion 246 includes an airflow opening 252, and the third outer bushing portion 248 includes an airflow opening 254, thereby allowing cooling airflow from the cooling airflow opening 128 to pass through. The first outer bushing portion 244 can be connected to an actuator arm 116, which can pass through an opening (not shown) in each of the second and third outer bushing portions 246. A spring 256 can be disposed around the actuator arm 116 between the first and second outer bushing portions 244 and 246. The spring 256 can also be disposed around the actuator arm 116 between the second and third outer bushing portions 246 and 248, and also around the actuator arm 116 between the third bushing portion 248 and the outer bushing extended main volume portion 104. With the above arrangement, actuator 114 can retract each of the first outer bushing portion 244, the second outer bushing portion 246, and the third outer bushing portion 248 in sequence to allow incremental access to the outer bushing extended main volume portion 104. When pressure is released from actuator 114, each spring 256 provides force to extend actuator arm 116 to gradually close the inlet to the outer bushing extended main volume portion 104. Furthermore, each of the first outer bushing portion 244, the second outer bushing portion 246, and the third outer bushing portion 248 can include or function as a muffler to attenuate combustion dynamics within burner 26.

[0064] While the foregoing description generally pertains to gas turbine engines, gas turbine engines can be implemented in a variety of environments. For example, the engine can be implemented in aircraft, but it can also be implemented in non-aircraft applications (such as power plants, marine applications, or oil and gas production applications). Therefore, this disclosure is not limited to use in aircraft.

[0065] Further aspects of this disclosure are provided by the subject matter of the following clauses.

[0066] A combustor for a gas turbine, the combustor comprising: a combustor bushing including an outer bushing and an inner bushing, a combustion chamber defined between the outer bushing and the inner bushing, the combustion chamber including a main combustion zone defined between the outer bushing and the inner bushing at an upstream end of the combustion chamber; an outer bushing extending a main volume portion; and a secondary outer bushing portion, wherein one of the outer bushing extending the main volume portion and the secondary outer bushing portion is movable to adjust the volume of the main combustion zone by opening and closing an inlet to the outer bushing extending the main volume portion, thereby increasing and decreasing the volume of the main combustion zone.

[0067] According to the burner described in the foregoing clause, the outer bushing extends the main volume portion and serves as a muffler.

[0068] According to any one of the preceding clauses, the outer bushing and the inner bushing extend circumferentially around the burner centerline axis, and the outer bushing extended main volume portion includes a plurality of extended main volume chambers, the plurality of extended main volume chambers being circumferentially spaced around the burner centerline axis.

[0069] According to any one of the preceding claims, in the burner, the outer bushing expands the main volume portion integrally formed with the outer bushing, and the secondary outer bushing portion is movable, the secondary outer bushing portion extending circumferentially about the burner centerline axis and extending longitudinally across the inner side of the outer bushing expands the main volume portion, the secondary outer bushing portion including a plurality of secondary outer bushing portion openings circumferentially spaced around the secondary outer bushing portion, the secondary outer bushing portion being rotatably actuated about the burner centerline axis to rotate the plurality of secondary outer bushing portion openings to open and close inlets to the plurality of expands the main volume chambers.

[0070] According to any one of the preceding claims, the outer bushing extended main volume portion is movable, and the secondary outer bushing portion is integrally formed with the outer bushing and includes a plurality of secondary outer bushing portion openings passing through it in the main combustion zone, the outer bushing extended main volume portion includes a plurality of extended main volume chambers circumferentially spaced around the burner centerline axis, and the outer bushing extended main volume portion is rotatable about the burner centerline axis to open and close inlets to the plurality of extended main volume chambers via the secondary outer bushing portion openings.

[0071] The burner according to any one of the preceding clauses further includes at least one main fuel nozzle and a mixer assembly disposed at the upstream end of the combustion chamber, and at least one secondary fuel nozzle is included in the extended main volume portion of the outer bushing.

[0072] According to any one of the preceding claims, in the burner, each of the plurality of extended main volume chambers includes at least one cooling passage passing through it, and the secondary outer bushing portion further includes a plurality of cooling passage engaging members that engage the at least one cooling passage to close the at least one cooling passage when the secondary outer bushing portion is rotated to a first position to open the inlet to the plurality of extended main volume chambers, and disengage the plurality of cooling passage engaging members from the at least one cooling passage to allow cooling airflow to flow into the plurality of extended main volume chambers to provide impingement cooling to the secondary outer bushing portion.

[0073] According to any one of the preceding claims, each of the plurality of extended main volume chambers includes a first side, a second side opposite to the first side, and a radially outer side connected to the first side and the second side, wherein the first side includes an airflow opening therethrough, and the secondary outer bushing portion further includes a plurality of airflow opening engaging members extending therefrom, a respective airflow opening engaging member of the plurality of airflow opening engaging members being arranged to engage with a respective airflow opening in the airflow opening, and, when the secondary outer bushing portion is rotated to a first position to open the inlet to the plurality of extended main volume chambers, the respective airflow opening engaging member of the plurality of airflow opening engaging members engaging to close the respective airflow opening in the airflow opening, and, when the secondary outer bushing portion is rotated to a second position to close the inlet to the plurality of extended main volume chambers, the respective airflow opening engaging member of the plurality of airflow opening engaging members disengaging from the respective airflow opening in the airflow opening to allow cooling airflow to flow into the plurality of extended main volume chambers to provide impingement cooling to the secondary outer bushing portion.

[0074] According to any one of the preceding claims, in the burner, wherein the outer bushing and the inner bushing extend circumferentially around the burner centerline axis, the outer bushing expands the main volume portion integral with the outer bushing, and the secondary outer bushing portion is movable, the secondary outer bushing portion being disposed within the outer bushing expands the main volume portion and comprising a first portion and a second portion, the first portion having a plurality of first segments circumferentially spaced around the burner centerline axis, the second portion having a plurality of second segments circumferentially spaced around the burner centerline axis, the first portion and the second portion being rotatably actuated relative to each other to open an inlet to the outer bushing expands the main volume portion to increase and decrease the volume of the main combustion zone.

[0075] According to any one of the preceding clauses, the second portion is arranged to rotate about the burner's central axis, and the first portion is fixedly connected within the burner so as not to rotate about the burner's central axis.

[0076] According to any one of the preceding clauses, the first block portion includes a first block portion circumferential wall extending circumferentially around the burner centerline axis and having an upstream extension portion extending longitudinally upstream from the upstream side of the plurality of first block sections, the first block portion circumferential wall including a plurality of airflow openings passing through the upstream extension portion and circumferentially arranged between each of the plurality of first block sections.

[0077] According to any one of the preceding clauses, in the burner, the outer bushing extended main volume portion is integral with the outer bushing, and the secondary outer bushing portion is movable, the secondary outer bushing portion extending circumferentially around the burner centerline axis and extending longitudinally across the inside of the outer bushing extended main volume portion, the secondary outer bushing portion being actuated in the longitudinal direction to open and close the inlet to the outer bushing extended main volume portion.

[0078] The burner according to any one of the preceding clauses further includes a main fuel nozzle and a mixer assembly disposed at the upstream end of the combustion chamber, and at least one secondary fuel nozzle is included in the outer bushing extended main volume portion.

[0079] In any of the preceding clauses, the secondary outer bushing portion of the burner serves as a silencer.

[0080] According to any one of the preceding clauses, the burner, wherein the outer bushing includes an outer bushing dilution opening therethrough and a dilution grid arranged in the dilution zone of the combustion chamber to allow dilution airflow into the combustion chamber.

[0081] According to any one of the preceding clauses, the upstream end of the secondary outer bushing portion includes an upstream wall extending radially outward and circumferentially around the burner's centerline axis.

[0082] According to any one of the preceding clauses, in the burner, when the secondary outer bushing portion is actuated in the longitudinal direction, the upstream wall gradually adjusts the volume of the main combustion zone to gradually increase the volume of the main combustion zone and gradually decrease the volume of the main combustion zone.

[0083] According to any one of the preceding clauses, the burner of the outer bushing extended main volume portion includes at least one cooling airflow opening on its downstream side, the at least one cooling airflow opening providing cooling airflow into an extended main combustion zone cavity defined between the outer bushing extended main volume portion and the secondary outer bushing portion.

[0084] According to any one of the preceding clauses, the burner, wherein the outer bushing extended main volume portion defines a multi-chamber extended main volume portion, the multi-chamber extended main volume portion including an upstream extended main volume chamber extending circumferentially about the burner centerline axis and a downstream extended main volume chamber extending circumferentially about the burner centerline axis.

[0085] According to any one of the preceding clauses, the secondary outer bushing portion is actuated in the longitudinal direction to a first position to open the inlet to the upstream extended main volume chamber and close the inlet to the downstream extended main volume chamber, and is further actuated in the longitudinal direction to a second position to open the inlets to the upstream extended main volume chamber and the downstream extended main volume chamber.

[0086] While the foregoing description is directed to some exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, other variations and modifications will be apparent to those skilled in the art and can be made without departing from the spirit or scope of the present disclosure. Furthermore, features described in connection with one embodiment of the present disclosure may be used in conjunction with other embodiments, even if not explicitly stated above.

Claims

1. A burner for a gas turbine, characterized in that, The burner includes: A burner bushing, the burner bushing including an outer bushing and an inner bushing, a combustion chamber defined between the outer bushing and the inner bushing, the combustion chamber including a main combustion zone defined between the outer bushing and the inner bushing at an upstream end of the combustion chamber; The outer bushing extends the main volume portion, and the outer bushing extends the main volume portion circumferentially around the burner centerline axis; and The secondary outer bushing portion extends circumferentially around the burner's centerline axis. The secondary outer bushing portion is movable to adjust the volume of the main combustion zone by opening and closing the inlet to the main volume portion of the outer bushing, thereby increasing and decreasing the volume of the main combustion zone.

2. The burner according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer bushing extends the main volume portion and serves as a muffler.

3. The burner according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer bushing and the inner bushing extend circumferentially around the burner centerline axis, and the outer bushing extended main volume portion includes a plurality of extended main volume chambers, which are circumferentially spaced around the burner centerline axis.

4. The burner according to claim 3, characterized in that, The outer bushing extends the main volume portion integrally with the outer bushing, and the secondary outer bushing portion extends longitudinally across the inner side of the outer bushing extends the main volume portion. The secondary outer bushing portion includes a plurality of secondary outer bushing portion openings circumferentially spaced around the secondary outer bushing portion. The secondary outer bushing portion is rotatably actuated about the burner centerline axis to rotate the plurality of secondary outer bushing portion openings to open and close the inlets to the plurality of extended main volume chambers.

5. The burner according to claim 3, characterized in that, The outer bushing expands the main volume portion and is movable, and the secondary outer bushing portion is integrally formed with the outer bushing and includes a plurality of secondary outer bushing portion openings passing through it in the main combustion zone, and the outer bushing expands the main volume portion and is rotatable about the burner centerline axis so as to open and close the entrances to the plurality of expanded main volume chambers via the secondary outer bushing portion openings.

6. The burner according to claim 4, characterized in that, The burner further includes at least one main fuel nozzle and a mixer assembly disposed at the upstream end of the combustion chamber, and at least one secondary fuel nozzle is included in the extended main volume portion of the outer bushing.

7. The burner according to claim 4, characterized in that, Each of the plurality of extended main volume chambers includes at least one cooling channel passing through it, and the secondary outer bushing portion further includes a plurality of cooling channel engaging members that engage the at least one cooling channel to close the at least one cooling channel when the secondary outer bushing portion is rotated to a first position to open the inlet to the plurality of extended main volume chambers, and disengage the plurality of cooling channel engaging members from the at least one cooling channel when the secondary outer bushing portion is rotated to a second position to close the inlet to the plurality of extended main volume chambers to allow cooling airflow to flow into the plurality of extended main volume chambers to provide shock cooling to the secondary outer bushing portion.

8. The burner according to claim 4, characterized in that, Each of the plurality of extended main volume chambers includes a first side, a second side opposite to the first side, and a radially outer side connecting the first side and the second side, wherein the first side includes an airflow opening therethrough. The secondary outer bushing portion further includes a plurality of airflow opening engagement members extending outward therefrom, wherein a corresponding airflow opening engagement member of the plurality of airflow opening engagement members is arranged to engage with a corresponding airflow opening in the airflow opening, and, When the secondary outer bushing portion is rotated to a first position to open the inlet to the plurality of extended main volume chambers, the corresponding airflow opening engagement member of the airflow opening engagement member engages to close the corresponding airflow opening in the airflow opening, and when the secondary outer bushing portion is rotated to a second position to close the inlet to the plurality of extended main volume chambers, the corresponding airflow opening engagement member of the plurality of airflow opening engagement members disengages from the corresponding airflow opening in the airflow opening to allow cooling airflow to flow into the plurality of extended main volume chambers to provide shock cooling to the secondary outer bushing portion.

9. The burner according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer bushing and the inner bushing extend circumferentially around the burner's centerline axis, and the extended main volume portion of the outer bushing is integral with the outer bushing. The secondary outer bushing portion is disposed within the outer bushing extended main volume portion and includes a first portion and a second portion. The first portion has a plurality of first segments circumferentially spaced around the burner centerline axis, and the second portion has a plurality of second segments circumferentially spaced around the burner centerline axis. The first portion and the second portion are rotatably actuated relative to each other to open and close the inlet to the outer bushing extended main volume portion to increase and decrease the volume of the main combustion zone.

10. The burner according to claim 9, characterized in that, The second portion is arranged to rotate about the burner's central axis, while the first portion is fixedly connected inside the burner so as not to rotate about the burner's central axis.

11. The burner according to claim 10, characterized in that, The first portion includes a first portion circumferential wall that extends circumferentially around the burner centerline axis and has an upstream extension that extends longitudinally upstream from the upstream side of the plurality of first portions. The first portion circumferential wall includes a plurality of airflow openings that pass through the upstream extension and are circumferentially arranged between each of the plurality of first portions.

12. The burner according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer bushing expands the main volume portion integrally with the outer bushing, and the secondary outer bushing portion extends longitudinally across the inner side of the outer bushing expands the main volume portion, the secondary outer bushing portion being actuated in the longitudinal direction to open and close the entrance to the outer bushing expands the main volume portion.

13. The burner according to claim 12, characterized in that, The burner further includes a main fuel nozzle and a mixer assembly disposed at the upstream end of the combustion chamber, and at least one secondary fuel nozzle is included in the extended main volume portion of the outer bushing.

14. The burner according to claim 12, characterized in that, The secondary outer bushing portion is used as a muffler.

15. The burner according to claim 12, characterized in that, The outer bushing includes an outer bushing dilution opening therethrough and a dilution grille arranged in the dilution zone of the combustion chamber to allow dilution airflow into the combustion chamber.

16. The burner according to claim 12, characterized in that, The upstream end of the sub-outer bushing portion includes an upstream wall that extends radially outward from it and circumferentially around the burner centerline axis.

17. The burner according to claim 16, characterized in that, in, When the secondary outer bushing portion is actuated in the longitudinal direction, the upstream wall gradually adjusts the volume of the main combustion zone to gradually increase and gradually decrease the volume of the main combustion zone.

18. The burner according to claim 16, characterized in that, The outer bushing extended main volume portion includes at least one cooling airflow opening on its downstream side, the at least one cooling airflow opening providing cooling airflow to the extended main combustion zone cavity, the extended main combustion zone cavity being defined between the outer bushing extended main volume portion and the secondary outer bushing portion.

19. The burner according to claim 12, characterized in that, The outer bushing extended main volume portion defines a multi-chamber extended main volume portion, which includes an upstream extended main volume chamber extending circumferentially around the burner centerline axis and a downstream extended main volume chamber extending circumferentially around the burner centerline axis.

20. The burner according to claim 19, characterized in that, The secondary outer bushing portion is actuated in the longitudinal direction to a first position to open the entrance to the upstream extended main volume chamber and close the entrance to the downstream extended main volume chamber, and is further actuated in the longitudinal direction to a second position to open the entrances to the upstream extended main volume chamber and the downstream extended main volume chamber.

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