Method for reducing rail weld breakage of a self-moving mining equipment train

Abstract

The application discloses a method for reducing the fracture of a track weld joint of a mine self-moving device train, which comprises the following steps: step 1: for the mine self-moving device train applied to a track, each component constituting the device train is independently welded first and then assembled and welded, and the device train is welded based on the principle of alternate symmetrical welding from the middle to both sides; and step 2: a guide rail surface, a bottom plate and a pasting plate constituting the track are welded in a preset first sequence to form the track for the mine self-moving device train, wherein the first sequence comprises the following steps: first, welding a weld joint at the butt joint of two adjacent bottom plates; second, welding a weld joint at the lap joint of the pasting plate and the guide rail surface arranged at the joint of two adjacent guide rail surfaces; and third, welding the fixed bottom plate and the guide rail surface. The application can reduce the fracture of the track weld joint of the mine self-moving device train.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of railcar manufacturing technology, and in particular to a method for reducing weld fractures in the rails of self-propelled mining equipment trains. Background Technology

[0002] Mining self-propelled equipment trains and their associated tracks are crucial transportation equipment in mines, typically used to transport equipment such as explosion-proof boxes and electrical distribution boxes. Therefore, as load-bearing equipment used in complex environments like mines, these trains and tracks usually require high-strength, high-load-bearing steel structures to meet the transportation requirements underground. This is especially true for the tracks of mining self-propelled equipment trains, which need to support the trains and the goods they carry, placing even higher demands on their performance.

[0003] However, deformation often occurs during the manufacturing of equipment trains and tracks due to heat concentration, which in turn leads to problems such as weld cracking in the tracks. For example, in the frame of a mining self-propelled equipment train, the panels are typically made of 10mm thick steel plates. This is relatively thin compared to the skeleton made of channel steel. This significant difference in material thickness easily leads to heat concentration, causing deformation of the welded equipment. Moreover, currently, when welding mining self-propelled equipment trains, components such as channel steel and connectors are usually welded to the panels sequentially. As the thinnest material in the equipment, the panels significantly increase the time and amount of heat accumulation, further contributing to deformation. When mining self-propelled equipment trains deform, it causes uneven stress on the supporting tracks, which can easily lead to insufficient track connection strength and weld cracking. Furthermore, due to different performance requirements, the materials used for the rails and bases are usually different. The rails typically need to have high hardness, while the bases need to have strong toughness. Currently, for the tracks of self-propelled mining equipment trains, the rails and bases are usually fully welded together. However, due to the difference in materials between the rails and bases, heat can easily accumulate, leading to track deformation. Even if the deformation at each weld is small, the cumulative effect over the entire long track can result in very serious deformation. Furthermore, the significant difference in materials reduces the weld strength, causing cracks at the weld points and ultimately leading to breakage at the track joints. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, and to address the above shortcomings, it is necessary to propose a method to reduce the fracture of track welds in mine self-propelled equipment trains.

[0005] This invention provides a method for reducing weld fractures in the tracks of self-propelled mining equipment, the method comprising the following steps:

[0006] Step 1: For the mining self-propelled equipment train applied on the track, the method of welding each component of the equipment train independently first, and then assembling and welding them together is adopted. During the welding, the principle of alternating symmetrical welding from the middle to both sides is used to weld and form the mining self-propelled equipment train.

[0007] Step 2: Weld the guide rail surface, base plate and plate that make up the track in the preset first order to form the track for the mining self-propelled equipment train;

[0008] The first order includes:

[0009] The first step is to weld the joint between two adjacent base plates;

[0010] The second step is to weld the weld seam between the patch plate and the guide rail surface at the interface of two adjacent guide rail surfaces.

[0011] The third step is to weld and fix the base plate to the guide rail surface.

[0012] Preferably, the self-propelled mining equipment train includes: a frame, a panel, a connector assembly, and an ear plate assembly; the method of independently welding the various components constituting the equipment train and then assembling and welding them together includes:

[0013] The various components that make up the skeleton are assembled and welded to form the skeleton of the mining self-propelled equipment train;

[0014] The components constituting the connector assembly are assembled and welded to form the connector assembly of the mining self-propelled equipment train;

[0015] The components constituting the ear plate assembly are assembled and welded to form the ear plate assembly of the mining self-propelled equipment train;

[0016] The frame is welded to the panel to form a flatbed vehicle frame;

[0017] The connector assembly and the ear plate assembly are sequentially assembled and welded onto the flatbed frame to form the mining self-propelled equipment train.

[0018] Preferably, when welding to form the skeleton, the alternating symmetrical welding principle from the middle to both sides includes:

[0019] First, the frame is placed upright with one of the transverse channel steels at the edge as its bottom surface, and the upward contact welds formed by the transverse and longitudinal channel steels are welded according to a predetermined first welding sequence. Then, the frame is flipped over and placed upright with the transverse channel steel at the other edge as its bottom surface, and the upward contact welds formed by the transverse and longitudinal channel steels are welded again according to the predetermined first welding sequence. Finally, the frame is placed horizontally, and the welds formed by the transverse and longitudinal channel steels are welded sequentially according to a predetermined second welding sequence.

[0020] The first welding sequence is as follows: the upper contact weld point formed by the middle transverse channel steel and the middle longitudinal channel steel, the upper contact weld point formed by the bottom transverse channel steel and the middle longitudinal channel steel, the upper contact weld point formed by the middle transverse channel steel and the left longitudinal channel steel, the upper contact weld point formed by the middle transverse channel steel and the right longitudinal channel steel, the contact weld point formed by the bottom transverse channel steel and the right longitudinal channel steel, and the contact weld point formed by the bottom transverse channel steel and the left longitudinal channel steel.

[0021] The second welding sequence is as follows: two welds formed by the middle transverse channel steel and the middle longitudinal channel steel, two welds formed by the middle transverse channel steel and the left longitudinal channel steel, two welds formed by the middle transverse channel steel and the right longitudinal channel steel, welds formed by the bottom transverse channel steel and the middle longitudinal channel steel, welds formed by the bottom transverse channel steel and the left longitudinal channel steel, welds formed by the bottom transverse channel steel and the right longitudinal channel steel, welds formed by the top transverse channel steel and the middle longitudinal channel steel, welds formed by the top transverse channel steel and the left longitudinal channel steel, and welds formed by the top transverse channel steel and the right longitudinal channel steel.

[0022] Preferably, during the welding process to form the flatbed frame, the top transverse channel steel, the middle transverse channel steel, the left longitudinal channel steel, and the middle longitudinal channel steel form a first closed area; the top transverse channel steel, the middle transverse channel steel, the right longitudinal channel steel, and the middle longitudinal channel steel form a second closed area; the bottom transverse channel steel, the middle transverse channel steel, the right longitudinal channel steel, and the middle longitudinal channel steel form a third closed area; the bottom transverse channel steel, the middle transverse channel steel, the left longitudinal channel steel, and the middle longitudinal channel steel form a fourth closed area; the top transverse channel steel, the middle transverse channel steel, and the left longitudinal channel steel form a first semi-closed area; the bottom transverse channel steel, the middle transverse channel steel, and the left longitudinal channel steel form a second semi-closed area; the bottom transverse channel steel, the middle transverse channel steel, and the right longitudinal channel steel form a third semi-closed area; and the top transverse channel steel, the middle transverse channel steel, and the right longitudinal channel steel form a fourth semi-closed area. The channel steel and panel in each closed or semi-closed area form a weld corresponding to that area. The alternating symmetrical welding principle from the middle to both sides includes:

[0023] Welding is performed in the following order: lower half of the first enclosed zone weld, upper half of the third enclosed zone weld, lower half of the second enclosed zone weld, upper half of the fourth enclosed zone weld, upper half of the first enclosed zone weld, upper half of the second enclosed zone weld, lower half of the fourth enclosed zone weld, lower half of the third enclosed zone weld, lower half of the first semi-enclosed zone weld, upper half of the second semi-enclosed zone weld, lower half of the second semi-enclosed zone weld, upper half of the first semi-enclosed zone weld, lower half of the third semi-enclosed zone weld, upper half of the fourth semi-enclosed zone weld, lower half of the fourth semi-enclosed zone weld, upper half of the third semi-enclosed zone weld, outer weld formed by the top transverse channel steel and the panel, and outer weld formed by the bottom transverse channel steel and the panel.

[0024] Preferably, in the third step, welding and fixing the base plate to the guide rail surface includes:

[0025] Before welding, the base plate and guide rail surface are preheated.

[0026] During the welding process, intermittent staggered welding is adopted. The weld seams formed by the guide rail surface and the base plate on both sides are staggered from the middle of the guide rail to both ends along the guide rail direction. The principle of the intermittent staggered welding is: weld 150mm and leave a 200mm gap.

[0027] After welding, the welded track is annealed.

[0028] Preferably, the preheating of the base plate and guide rail surface before welding includes:

[0029] The base plate and guide rail surface are placed in a heating furnace and heated to a first preset temperature range; and...

[0030] The temperature of the guide rail and base plate is monitored in real time during the welding process. Welding is stopped when the temperature is found to be lower than the first temperature threshold. The guide rail surface and base plate are then reheated to the first preset temperature range before welding is resumed.

[0031] Preferably, the annealing treatment of the welded track after welding includes:

[0032] Place the welded track evenly and horizontally in the heating furnace;

[0033] The heating furnace is controlled to heat at a first preset heating rate, and heating is stopped when the temperature reaches a second preset temperature range.

[0034] The track is kept warm in an environment within the second preset temperature range for a first preset time;

[0035] After the heat preservation is completed, the heating function of the furnace is turned off, and the furnace is allowed to cool naturally to the third preset temperature with the furnace door closed. Then, the track is moved to the outside of the furnace for air cooling.

[0036] Preferably, asbestos blankets are used to insulate the guide rail surface and the base plate during and after welding.

[0037] Preferably, in the third step, welding and fixing the base plate to the guide rail surface includes:

[0038] A plurality of connecting pressure plates are evenly arranged at the weld seams on both sides formed by the guide rail surface and the base plate; wherein the material of the connecting pressure plate is the same as that of the base plate;

[0039] One end of each of the connecting pressure plates is pressed against the bottom edge of the guide rail surface, and the other end is welded to the base plate.

[0040] Preferably, the spacing between two adjacent connecting pressure plates on the same side is 150-200mm, and the connecting pressure plates on both sides of the guide rail surface are staggered.

[0041] Background analysis reveals that the main causes of track weld fractures are deformation during the welding of the mining self-propelled equipment train, track deformation, and insufficient track weld strength. Based on this, the aforementioned technical solution considers reducing deformation during welding of the mining self-propelled equipment train by first independently welding each component and then assembling them, and by employing a principle of alternating symmetrical welding from the center outwards. This reduces the likelihood of track weld fractures caused by the unbalanced forces exerted on the track due to the deformation of the mining self-propelled equipment train. Furthermore, by adjusting the welding sequence and method, the solution aims to reduce track deformation while simultaneously enhancing the weld strength, thereby mitigating track weld fractures from both the perspective of the mining self-propelled equipment train and the track itself. Attached Figure Description

[0042] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating a method for reducing track weld fracture in mining self-propelled equipment trains, as provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a frame-standing welding sequence provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a horizontal welding sequence for a skeleton, provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0045] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the welding sequence of the skeleton and panel provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0046] Figure 5This is a schematic diagram of a rail welding sequence provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0047] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a track with a connecting pressure plate provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0048] In the attached diagram: 1. Guide rail surface; 2. Base plate; 3. Plate; 4. Connecting pressure plate. Detailed Implementation

[0049] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0050] like Figure 1 As shown in the figure, this invention provides a method for reducing weld fractures in the tracks of self-propelled mining equipment trains. The method may include the following steps:

[0051] Step 1: For the mining self-propelled equipment train applied on the track, the method of welding each component of the equipment train independently first, and then assembling and welding them together is adopted. During the welding, the principle of alternating symmetrical welding from the middle to both sides is used to weld and form the mining self-propelled equipment train.

[0052] Step 2: Weld the guide rail surface, base plate, and plate that constitute the track according to the preset first sequence to form the track for the mining self-propelled equipment train; wherein, the first sequence includes: first, welding the weld at the joint of two adjacent base plates; second, welding the weld at the interface of two adjacent guide rail surfaces where the plate overlaps with the guide rail surface; third, welding and fixing the base plate and guide rail surface.

[0053] Since welding deformation of the mining self-propelled equipment train can lead to uneven stress on the track, it is a significant factor causing track weld fracture. Therefore, this embodiment first considers reducing the deformation of the equipment train by adopting a suitable welding process. For example, welding each component independently before assembling and welding can reduce the heat concentration input during welding with the panel, thereby reducing the deformation of the equipment train. Furthermore, the principle of alternating symmetrical welding from the middle to both sides can reduce the accumulation of thermal stress in the middle of the equipment train, allowing some of the thermal stress to be released through the sides, thus reducing the deformation. Moreover, the alternating symmetrical method can also balance the residual internal stress, further reducing the deformation.

[0054] Furthermore, this embodiment considers reducing the likelihood of rail weld fractures by addressing the underlying causes of weld fractures in the rail itself. For example, by first welding the weld between two adjacent base plates to ensure the strength of the base plate support, and then further welding the weld between the guide rail surface and the mounting plate to improve the welding strength between the two adjacent rail surfaces, and finally welding the base plate and guide rail surface to fix the rail, the generated thermal stress can be released through both sides, thereby reducing rail deformation.

[0055] Typically, a mining self-propelled equipment train can include a frame, panels, connector assemblies, and lug assemblies; and the method in step 1 of independently welding the various components constituting the equipment train and then assembling and welding them together can include:

[0056] The various components that make up the skeleton are assembled and welded to form the skeleton of the mining self-propelled equipment train;

[0057] The components constituting the connector assembly are assembled and welded to form the connector assembly of the mining self-propelled equipment train;

[0058] The components constituting the ear plate assembly are assembled and welded to form the ear plate assembly of the mining self-propelled equipment train;

[0059] The frame is welded to the panel to form a flatbed vehicle frame;

[0060] The connector assembly and the ear plate assembly are sequentially assembled and welded onto the flatbed frame to form the mining self-propelled equipment train.

[0061] In this embodiment, the various parts constituting the mining self-propelled equipment train are first welded independently, and then assembled and welded onto the panel. This reduces the concentrated heat input to the panel, thereby reducing the deformation of the equipment train.

[0062] Specifically, such as Figure 2-3 As shown, when welding to form the skeleton, the alternating symmetrical welding principle from the middle to both sides may include:

[0063] First, the frame is placed upright with one of the transverse channel steels at the edge as its bottom surface, and the upward contact welds formed by the transverse and longitudinal channel steels are welded according to a predetermined first welding sequence. Then, the frame is flipped over and placed upright with the transverse channel steel at the other edge as its bottom surface, and the upward contact welds formed by the transverse and longitudinal channel steels are welded again according to the predetermined first welding sequence. Finally, the frame is placed horizontally, and the welds formed by the transverse and longitudinal channel steels are welded sequentially according to a predetermined second welding sequence.

[0064] The first welding sequence is as follows: the upper contact weld point formed by the middle transverse channel steel and the middle longitudinal channel steel, the upper contact weld point formed by the bottom transverse channel steel and the middle longitudinal channel steel, the upper contact weld point formed by the middle transverse channel steel and the left longitudinal channel steel, the upper contact weld point formed by the middle transverse channel steel and the right longitudinal channel steel, the contact weld point formed by the bottom transverse channel steel and the right longitudinal channel steel, and the contact weld point formed by the bottom transverse channel steel and the left longitudinal channel steel.

[0065] The second welding sequence is as follows: two welds formed by the middle transverse channel steel and the middle longitudinal channel steel, two welds formed by the middle transverse channel steel and the left longitudinal channel steel, two welds formed by the middle transverse channel steel and the right longitudinal channel steel, welds formed by the bottom transverse channel steel and the middle longitudinal channel steel, welds formed by the bottom transverse channel steel and the left longitudinal channel steel, welds formed by the bottom transverse channel steel and the right longitudinal channel steel, welds formed by the top transverse channel steel and the middle longitudinal channel steel, welds formed by the top transverse channel steel and the left longitudinal channel steel, and welds formed by the top transverse channel steel and the right longitudinal channel steel.

[0066] Therefore, this scheme employs a method of first welding in an upright position, and then welding in a horizontal position when welding the frame. For example... Figure 2 As shown, the upright welding can be performed by first placing the frame upright with the transverse channel steel located at the edge as the bottom surface, and welding the upper contact weld points formed by each transverse channel steel and longitudinal channel steel according to the predetermined first welding sequence; then the frame is flipped so that it is placed upright with the transverse channel steel located at the other edge as the bottom surface, and the upper contact weld points formed by each transverse channel steel and longitudinal channel steel are welded again according to the predetermined first welding sequence.

[0067] Specifically, such as Figure 2 As shown, welding is performed both before and after the upright welding process, and welding is carried out both before and after the flipping. Figure 2 The 1-12 contact corner positions formed by the transverse and longitudinal channel steels shown in the diagram can cover all contact weld points formed by welding the transverse and longitudinal channel steels. Furthermore, the welding sequence follows the order from 1 to 12. As can be seen from the diagram, the welding sequence is based on an inside-out and center-to-both-sides approach. This reduces heat input and releases as much of the generated thermal stress as possible from both sides, thereby significantly reducing the deformation caused by heat input.

[0068] And such Figure 3 As shown, after the vertical welding is completed, horizontal welding is performed according to the second welding sequence described above. In this embodiment, when welding the weld formed between the transverse channel steel and the longitudinal channel steel, welding is considered to be performed based on the principle of from the inside out and from the middle to both sides, for example, according to... Figure 3Welding is performed in the sequence 1-9 shown, which allows the thermal stress in the middle to be released from the outside as much as possible, thereby reducing the possibility of deformation. Furthermore, the welding direction of each weld is opposite to that of its directly opposite and adjacent welds. For example, Figure 3 The direction of the middle arrow indicates the welding direction. The lower weld of welding number 1 has the opposite welding direction to the weld of welding number 4, and the upper weld of welding number 2 has the opposite welding direction to the weld of welding number 9. This can, to a certain extent, make the internal thermal stress cancel each other out, thereby further reducing the possibility of deformation.

[0069] Furthermore, during the welding process to form the flatbed frame, such as Figure 4 As shown, the top transverse channel steel, the middle transverse channel steel, the left longitudinal channel steel, and the middle longitudinal channel steel form a first closed area; the top transverse channel steel, the middle transverse channel steel, the right longitudinal channel steel, and the middle longitudinal channel steel form a second closed area; the bottom transverse channel steel, the middle transverse channel steel, the right longitudinal channel steel, and the middle longitudinal channel steel form a third closed area; the bottom transverse channel steel, the middle transverse channel steel, the left longitudinal channel steel, and the middle longitudinal channel steel form a fourth closed area; the top transverse channel steel, the middle transverse channel steel, and the left longitudinal channel steel form a first semi-closed area; the bottom transverse channel steel, the middle transverse channel steel, and the left longitudinal channel steel form a second semi-closed area; the bottom transverse channel steel, the middle transverse channel steel, and the right longitudinal channel steel form a third semi-closed area; and the top transverse channel steel, the middle transverse channel steel, and the right longitudinal channel steel form a fourth semi-closed area. The channel steel and the panel in each closed or semi-closed area form a weld corresponding to that area. At this point, the alternating symmetrical welding principle from the middle to both sides in step 1 can include:

[0070] Welding is performed in the following order: lower half of the first enclosed zone weld, upper half of the third enclosed zone weld, lower half of the second enclosed zone weld, upper half of the fourth enclosed zone weld, upper half of the first enclosed zone weld, upper half of the second enclosed zone weld, lower half of the fourth enclosed zone weld, lower half of the third enclosed zone weld, lower half of the first semi-enclosed zone weld, upper half of the second semi-enclosed zone weld, lower half of the second semi-enclosed zone weld, upper half of the first semi-enclosed zone weld, lower half of the third semi-enclosed zone weld, upper half of the fourth semi-enclosed zone weld, lower half of the fourth semi-enclosed zone weld, upper half of the third semi-enclosed zone weld, outer weld formed by the top transverse channel steel and the panel, and outer weld formed by the bottom transverse channel steel and the panel.

[0071] In this embodiment, welding is performed based on the principle of symmetrical alternating welding from the inside out and from the middle to both sides. Furthermore, the welding direction generally follows the direction from the middle to both sides. This not only reduces heat input but also releases some thermal stress through both ends by gradually welding towards the sides, reducing heat concentration and thus minimizing the possibility of deformation. In addition, the symmetrical alternating welding method also balances residual internal thermal stress, further reducing deformation caused by thermal stress. For example... Figure 4 As shown, the welding sequence is from number 1 to number 20, and the welding direction is as indicated by the arrow.

[0072] Furthermore, step 2 considers the smaller deformation of the track itself, as well as strengthening the weld strength of the track itself. For example... Figure 5 As shown, the welding is carried out in the order of numbers ①-③ in the figure. Number ① corresponds to the first step in step 2, that is, the weld at the joint of two adjacent base plates 2; number ② corresponds to the second step in step 2, that is, the weld where the plate 3 set at the interface of two adjacent guide rail surfaces 1 overlaps with the guide rail surface 1; number ③ corresponds to the third step in step 3, that is, the welding and fixing between the base plate 2 and the guide rail surface 1.

[0073] For position ①, i.e., the butt joint of base plate 2, a bevel flat weld is used, while positions ② and ③ both form fillet welds.

[0074] For position ③, in the third step, when welding the base plate 2 and the guide rail surface 1, the following two methods can be used to weld and fix this part.

[0075] Method 1: Directly weld the base plate 2 to the guide rail surface 1 using full welding. This can be achieved as follows:

[0076] Before welding, the base plate 2 and the guide rail surface 1 are preheated.

[0077] During the welding process, intermittent staggered welding is adopted. The weld seams formed by the guide rail surface 1 and the base plate 2 are staggered from the middle of the guide rail to both ends along the guide rail direction. The principle of the intermittent staggered welding is: weld 150mm and leave a 200mm gap.

[0078] After welding, the welded track is annealed.

[0079] The preheating of the base plate 2 and the guide rail surface 1 before welding includes:

[0080] The base plate 2 and guide rail surface 1 are placed in a heating furnace and heated to a first preset temperature range; and...

[0081] The temperature of the guide rail surface 1 and the base plate 2 is monitored in real time during the welding process. Welding is stopped when the temperature is found to be lower than the first temperature threshold. The guide rail surface 1 and the base plate 2 are then reheated to the first preset temperature range and welded again.

[0082] In this embodiment, before welding, the base plate 2 and guide rail surface 1 are heated to 100-150℃ using a heating furnace. During welding, a thermometer can be used to measure the temperature within a 50mm range between the guide rail surface 1 and the base plate 2. When the temperature drops below 20% of the lower limit of the temperature range (100℃), a remelting torch is used for reheating before welding. Furthermore, during and after welding, asbestos blankets are used to insulate the guide rail surface 1 and the base plate 2 to prevent a rapid temperature drop, which could lead to excessively fast cooling and cold cracking of the rail.

[0083] During the welding process, intermittent staggered welding is adopted, that is, welding is carried out from the middle of the track to both sides in sequence, and the welding points on both sides of the guide rail surface 1 are staggered. This not only saves welding materials, but also reduces heat input, thereby reducing deformation.

[0084] Furthermore, annealing the welded track after welding can be achieved in the following way:

[0085] Place the welded track evenly and horizontally in the heating furnace;

[0086] The heating furnace is controlled to heat at a first preset heating rate, and heating is stopped when the temperature reaches a second preset temperature range.

[0087] The track is kept warm in an environment within the second preset temperature range for a first preset time;

[0088] After the heat preservation is completed, the heating function of the furnace is turned off, and the furnace is allowed to cool naturally to the third preset temperature with the furnace door closed. Then, the track is moved to the outside of the furnace for air cooling.

[0089] In this embodiment, during the annealing process, the tracks are placed horizontally inside the furnace, staggered and evenly distributed to avoid concentrated stacking, which could cause deformation and bending during heating. When placed in the furnace, the tracks are typically below 80°C. The furnace heating rate is then set to less than 60°C / hour for heating. After 8-9 hours, when the temperature reaches 580±20°C, a holding period of 2-3 hours begins. After the holding period, the furnace is shut off, and the tracks are cooled to 200°C with the furnace door closed before being removed and air-cooled.

[0090] Furthermore, during welding, the track is made of U71Mn material, and the base plate 2 is made of 16Mn manganese plate. Semi-automatic CO2 gas shielded welding is used, employing 1.2mm diameter ER50-6 welding wire. Preheating is performed before welding, and the wire extension length is adjusted to approximately 15-18mm during the welding process. The arc is initiated outside the tack weld, using intermittent arc extinguishing or back-welding methods, and the crater is filled after arc termination. The shielding gas flow rate is controlled within the range of 15-20L / min, and the wind speed in the welding area must not exceed 2m / s. Specific welding process parameters are shown in Table 1.

[0091] Table 1

[0092]

[0093] Therefore, it can be seen that when welding the rail, this solution has made process improvements considering the potential risks to the quality of the guide rail caused by welding deformation, welding defects and stress concentration. By changing the full weld to intermittent staggered weld (the weld length is 150mm and the interval is 200mm), using ER50-6 low carbon steel welding wire, controlling the welding parameters current and voltage, and implementing preheating, thermomechanical straightening and post-weld stress relief annealing processes, the possibility of guide rail breakage has been greatly eliminated.

[0094] Method 2, such as Figure 6 As shown, consider installing a connecting pressure plate 4 at the weld between the guide rail surface 1 and the base plate 2. Specifically, this can be achieved in the following way:

[0095] A plurality of connecting pressure plates 4 are evenly arranged at the weld seams on both sides formed by the guide rail surface 1 and the base plate 2; wherein the material of the connecting pressure plate 4 is the same as that of the base plate 2;

[0096] One end of each of the connecting pressure plates 4 is pressed against the bottom edge of the guide rail surface 1, and the other end is welded to the base plate 2.

[0097] Furthermore, the spacing between two adjacent connecting pressure plates 4 on the same side is 150-200mm, and the connecting pressure plates 4 on both sides of the guide rail surface 1 are staggered.

[0098] In this embodiment, the welding structure of the track has been improved. The welding between the guide rail surface 1 and the base plate 2, which have significantly different materials, has been changed to welding between the connecting pressure plate 4 and the base plate 2, which are made of the same material. The guide rail is pressed onto the base plate 2 by the connecting pressure plate 4, improving the welding reliability of the track. Moreover, the welding of the connecting pressure plate 4 and the base plate 2, which are made of the same material, uses ER50-6 low carbon steel welding wire, eliminating the need for preheating, thermomechanical straightening, and post-weld stress-relieving annealing processes, saving production costs and improving production efficiency. In addition, during the use of the track in underground coal mines, when encountering uneven ground, heavy loads or uneven loads can be applied. The guide rail surface 1 and the base plate 2 can undergo unrestrained elastic-plastic deformation and misalignment. The guide rail itself has no defects or gaps, and cracks will not develop, greatly reducing the possibility of guide rail breakage. Furthermore, when the equipment train is moving, lifting the track can restore it to a straight state.

[0099] The modules or units in the device of this invention can be merged, divided, and deleted according to actual needs. The above-disclosed embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. Those skilled in the art will understand that implementing all or part of the processes of the above embodiments and making equivalent changes according to the claims of this invention still fall within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A method for reducing weld fractures in the tracks of self-propelled mining equipment, characterized in that, The method includes the following steps: Step 1: For the mining self-propelled equipment train applied on the track, the method of welding each component of the equipment train independently first, and then assembling and welding them together is adopted. During the welding, the principle of alternating symmetrical welding from the middle to both sides is used to weld and form the mining self-propelled equipment train. Step 2: Weld the guide rail surface, base plate and plate that make up the track in the preset first order to form the track for the mining self-propelled equipment train; The first order includes: The first step is to weld the joint between two adjacent base plates; The second step is to weld the weld seam between the patch plate and the guide rail surface at the interface of two adjacent guide rail surfaces. The third step is to weld and fix the base plate to the guide rail surface; In the third step, welding and fixing the base plate to the guide rail surface includes: Before welding, the base plate and guide rail surface are preheated. During the welding process, intermittent staggered welding is adopted. The weld seams formed by the guide rail surface and the base plate on both sides are staggered from the middle of the guide rail to both ends along the guide rail direction. The principle of the intermittent staggered welding is: weld 150mm and leave a 200mm gap. After welding, the welded track is annealed. Among them, a plurality of connecting pressure plates are evenly arranged at the weld seams on both sides formed by the guide rail surface and the base plate; the material of the connecting pressure plates is the same as that of the base plate; One end of each of the connecting pressure plates is pressed against the bottom edge of the guide rail surface, and the other end is welded to the base plate.

2. The method for reducing track weld fracture in self-propelled mining equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The self-propelled mining equipment train includes: a frame, a panel, a connector assembly, and an ear plate assembly; the method of independently welding the various components constituting the equipment train and then assembling and welding them together includes: The various components that make up the skeleton are assembled and welded to form the skeleton of the mining self-propelled equipment train; The components constituting the connector assembly are assembled and welded to form the connector assembly of the mining self-propelled equipment train; The components constituting the ear plate assembly are assembled and welded to form the ear plate assembly of the mining self-propelled equipment train; The frame is welded to the panel to form a flatbed vehicle frame; The connector assembly and the ear plate assembly are sequentially assembled and welded onto the flatbed frame to form the mining self-propelled equipment train.

3. The method for reducing track weld fracture in self-propelled mining equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that, When welding to form the skeleton, the alternating symmetrical welding principle from the middle to both sides includes: First, the frame is placed upright with one of the transverse channel steels at the edge as its bottom surface, and the upward contact welds formed by the transverse and longitudinal channel steels are welded according to a predetermined first welding sequence. Then, the frame is flipped over and placed upright with the transverse channel steel at the other edge as its bottom surface, and the upward contact welds formed by the transverse and longitudinal channel steels are welded again according to the predetermined first welding sequence. Finally, the frame is placed horizontally, and the welds formed by the transverse and longitudinal channel steels are welded sequentially according to a predetermined second welding sequence. The first welding sequence is as follows: the upper contact weld point formed by the middle transverse channel steel and the middle longitudinal channel steel, the upper contact weld point formed by the bottom transverse channel steel and the middle longitudinal channel steel, the upper contact weld point formed by the middle transverse channel steel and the left longitudinal channel steel, the upper contact weld point formed by the middle transverse channel steel and the right longitudinal channel steel, the contact weld point formed by the bottom transverse channel steel and the right longitudinal channel steel, and the contact weld point formed by the bottom transverse channel steel and the left longitudinal channel steel. The second welding sequence is as follows: two welds formed by the middle transverse channel steel and the middle longitudinal channel steel, two welds formed by the middle transverse channel steel and the left longitudinal channel steel, two welds formed by the middle transverse channel steel and the right longitudinal channel steel, welds formed by the bottom transverse channel steel and the middle longitudinal channel steel, welds formed by the bottom transverse channel steel and the left longitudinal channel steel, welds formed by the bottom transverse channel steel and the right longitudinal channel steel, welds formed by the top transverse channel steel and the middle longitudinal channel steel, welds formed by the top transverse channel steel and the left longitudinal channel steel, and welds formed by the top transverse channel steel and the right longitudinal channel steel.

4. The method for reducing track weld fracture in self-propelled mining equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that, When welding to form the flatbed frame, the top transverse channel steel, the middle transverse channel steel, the left longitudinal channel steel, and the middle longitudinal channel steel form a first closed area; the top transverse channel steel, the middle transverse channel steel, the right longitudinal channel steel, and the middle longitudinal channel steel form a second closed area; the bottom transverse channel steel, the middle transverse channel steel, the right longitudinal channel steel, and the middle longitudinal channel steel form a third closed area; the bottom transverse channel steel, the middle transverse channel steel, the left longitudinal channel steel, and the middle longitudinal channel steel form a fourth closed area; the top transverse channel steel, the middle transverse channel steel, and the left longitudinal channel steel form a first semi-closed area; the bottom transverse channel steel, the middle transverse channel steel, and the left longitudinal channel steel form a second semi-closed area; the bottom transverse channel steel, the middle transverse channel steel, and the right longitudinal channel steel form a third semi-closed area; and the top transverse channel steel, the middle transverse channel steel, and the right longitudinal channel steel form a fourth semi-closed area. The channel steel and panel in each closed or semi-closed area form a weld corresponding to that area. The alternating symmetrical welding principle from the middle to both sides includes: Welding is performed in the following order: lower half of the first enclosed zone weld, upper half of the third enclosed zone weld, lower half of the second enclosed zone weld, upper half of the fourth enclosed zone weld, upper half of the first enclosed zone weld, upper half of the second enclosed zone weld, lower half of the fourth enclosed zone weld, lower half of the third enclosed zone weld, lower half of the first semi-enclosed zone weld, upper half of the second semi-enclosed zone weld, lower half of the second semi-enclosed zone weld, upper half of the first semi-enclosed zone weld, lower half of the third semi-enclosed zone weld, upper half of the fourth semi-enclosed zone weld, lower half of the fourth semi-enclosed zone weld, upper half of the third semi-enclosed zone weld, outer weld formed by the top transverse channel steel and the panel, and outer weld formed by the bottom transverse channel steel and the panel.

5. The method for reducing track weld fracture in self-propelled mining equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preheating of the base plate and guide rail surface before welding includes: The base plate and guide rail surface are placed in a heating furnace and heated to a first preset temperature range; and... The temperature of the guide rail and base plate is monitored in real time during the welding process. Welding is stopped when the temperature is found to be lower than the first temperature threshold. The guide rail surface and base plate are then reheated to the first preset temperature range before welding is resumed.

6. The method for reducing track weld fracture in self-propelled mining equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The annealing process performed on the welded track after welding includes: Place the welded track evenly and horizontally in the heating furnace; The heating furnace is controlled to heat at a first preset heating rate, and heating is stopped when the temperature reaches a second preset temperature range. The track is kept warm in an environment within the second preset temperature range for a first preset time; After the heat preservation is completed, the heating function of the furnace is turned off, and the furnace is allowed to cool naturally to the third preset temperature with the furnace door closed. Then, the track is moved to the outside of the furnace for air cooling.

7. The method for reducing track weld fracture in self-propelled mining equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, During and after welding, asbestos blankets are used to insulate the guide rail surface and base plate.

8. The method for reducing track weld fracture in self-propelled mining equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spacing between two adjacent connecting pressure plates on the same side is 150-200mm, and the connecting pressure plates on both sides of the guide rail surface are staggered.

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