A three-prism type tuned mass damper suitable for large-span cantilever structure

Abstract

This invention relates to a triangular prism-type tuned mass damper suitable for large-span cantilever structures, comprising a triangular prism box (1), a particle damping unit (4) disposed within the triangular prism box (1), and a steel mass block (3). A high-damping spring (2) is located below the triangular prism box (1). The particle damping unit (4) includes a particle damping chamber (5), three different sized particle balls, and a foamed rubber pad (9). When the structural vibration amplitude is small, the particle balls dissipate energy by compressing the foamed rubber pad and rolling; when the structural vibration amplitude is large, the particle balls dissipate energy by colliding and compressing the foamed rubber. Compared with the prior art, this invention achieves a phased energy dissipation mechanism while solving the problems of narrow vibration reduction bandwidth, large motion stroke, and noise generated by particle collisions in traditional mass tuned dampers.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of vibration control technology for civil structures, and in particular relates to a triangular prism-type tuned mass damper suitable for large-span cantilever structures. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of civil engineering technology, the scale of buildings and the number of people they can accommodate are constantly increasing, and their structural forms are becoming increasingly innovative. To meet the functional and aesthetic needs of buildings, people are constantly breaking records for large spans and long cantilever structures. However, in addition to vibrations caused by earthquakes, large-span and cantilever structures are prone to vertical resonance due to their low natural frequencies, which are close to the frequencies of human activity. This increases internal forces and compromises structural reliability. Furthermore, for large-span buildings with high population density, such as theaters, airports, and shopping malls, vertical structural vibrations caused by people walking around can generate significant loads. In addition, human-induced structural vibrations not only compromise structural safety and reliability but also affect human comfort. Therefore, improving the vertical vibration reduction capacity of large-span cantilever structures is of great significance.

[0003] Generally, increasing the structural stiffness can reduce the vibration response of large-span cantilever structures. However, this not only increases material consumption and cost but also increases the structure's inertia, leading to greater internal forces under dynamic loads. It may also negatively impact the building's aesthetic appeal. Therefore, to achieve higher economic efficiency and structural reliability, dampers can be added to large-span cantilever structures for vibration reduction. Among various dampers, tuned mass dampers have a particularly significant vibration reduction effect.

[0004] A tuned mass damper (TMD) consists of a mass, springs, and a damping system. Its vibration frequency is adjusted to be near the frequency of the main structure, altering the structure's resonance characteristics to achieve vibration reduction. There are precedents for using tuned mass dampers for vertical vibration reduction in large-span structures, such as the Janlinzel Bridge in the Netherlands, the Millennium Bridge in London, and New Delhi Airport in India. However, TMDs also have significant drawbacks: they are only effective within a small frequency range near the resonance zone, have a narrow damping bandwidth, and require a large travel distance. Furthermore, the damper is likely to become misaligned when the structure's natural frequency changes. While multiple dampers can be used to cover multiple frequency bands to compensate for this limitation, this inevitably increases costs and creates an unfavorable economic effect. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to solve the problems of narrow vibration reduction bandwidth, large motion stroke and noise generated by particle collision in traditional tuned mass dampers, and to provide a triangular prism-type tuned mass damper suitable for large-span cantilever structures.

[0006] The objective of this invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A triangular prism-type tuned mass damper suitable for large-span cantilever structures includes a triangular prism box, a high-damping spring installed below the triangular prism box, a steel mass block disposed inside the triangular prism box, and multiple particle damping units for vibration reduction.

[0008] Furthermore, the upper end of the high-damping spring is connected to the triangular prism box, and the lower end of the high-damping spring is connected to the large-span cantilever structure that requires vertical vibration control.

[0009] Furthermore, the edges of the steel mass block are connected to the triangular prism box, and the particle damping unit is disposed in the space between the triangular prism box and the steel mass block.

[0010] Furthermore, the particle damping unit includes a particle damping chamber, a foamed rubber pad installed on the inner wall of the particle damping chamber, and large, medium and small particle balls placed on the foamed rubber pad.

[0011] Furthermore, a steel partition is provided between the triangular prism box and the steel mass block, which can divide the space above the steel mass block into two particle damping units.

[0012] Furthermore, two particle damping units are formed at the upper end and on both sides of the steel mass block.

[0013] Furthermore, the particle damping unit is shaped as a triangular prism with a right-angled triangular cross-section to increase the energy dissipation of the particle spheres during collision.

[0014] Furthermore, the particle damping units are symmetrically arranged so that the horizontal collision force generated during a collision can form a self-balancing state within the damper.

[0015] Furthermore, large, medium, and small particle balls with decreasing diameters are placed sequentially in the particle damping chamber along the direction of decreasing height.

[0016] Furthermore, the distance between the large particles is smaller than the diameter of the medium particles, and the distance between the medium particles is smaller than the diameter of the small particles.

[0017] Furthermore, the ratio of the diameter of the large granular ball to the maximum height of the granular damping chamber is 0.56-0.64, preferably 0.6.

[0018] Furthermore, the ratio of the diameter of the medium-sized granular ball to the maximum height of the granular damping chamber is 0.30-0.35, preferably 0.33.

[0019] Furthermore, the ratio of the diameter of the small particle sphere to the maximum height of the particle damping chamber is 0.15-0.19, preferably 0.17.

[0020] Furthermore, the large granular ball includes a large granular ball foamed rubber outer layer and a large granular ball steel inner core wrapped inside it; the medium granular ball includes a medium granular ball foamed rubber outer layer and a medium granular ball steel inner core wrapped inside it; and the small granular ball includes a small granular ball foamed rubber outer layer and a small granular ball steel inner core wrapped inside it.

[0021] Furthermore, the surface of the foamed rubber pad at the bottom of the particle damping chamber has multiple concave arc surfaces, and large, medium and small particle balls are placed tangentially on the bottom of the concave arc surfaces.

[0022] Furthermore, the radius of curvature of the concave arc surface is 2.8-3.2 times the radius of the large, medium and small spheres, respectively, preferably 3 times.

[0023] Furthermore, when the structural vibration amplitude is small, the granular balls dissipate energy by compressing the foamed rubber pad and rolling; when the structural vibration amplitude is large, the granular balls dissipate energy by colliding and compressing the foamed rubber.

[0024] Furthermore, by adjusting the mass of the steel mass block and the stiffness of the high-damping spring, the natural frequency of the damper is made close to the natural frequency of the vertical vibration of the large-span cantilever structure, so as to achieve the purpose of tuning.

[0025] Furthermore, the mass of the steel mass block ensures that the total mass of the triangular prism box is 0.5%-2% of the mass of the large-span cantilever structure, preferably 1%.

[0026] This invention also provides an application of a triangular prism-type tuned mass damper suitable for large-span cantilever structures in the field of vibration control of large-span cantilever structures.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0028] (1) This invention applies particle damping technology to the control of vertical vibration of structures. By setting particle damping units, the dynamic response of large-span cantilever structures under earthquakes or man-induced vibrations is reduced, thus expanding the energy dissipation mechanism of particle damping under vertical excitation. Under vibration excitation of different amplitudes, particles and foamed rubber pads dissipate energy in different ways, forming a staged energy dissipation mechanism with a relatively simple device structure. Using a single damper, the vertical vibration of large-span cantilever structures under man-induced vibrations and earthquakes is simultaneously taken into account. When the structural vibration amplitude is small, the particle balls dissipate energy by squeezing the foamed rubber pads and rolling; when the structural vibration amplitude is large, the particle balls dissipate energy by colliding and squeezing the foamed rubber. While realizing the staged energy dissipation mechanism, the problems of narrow vibration reduction frequency band, large motion stroke, and noise generated by particle collisions in traditional tuned mass dampers are solved.

[0029] (2) Compared with rectangular particle damping units, the triangular cross-sectional particle damping unit in this invention increases the probability of collisions between particles and between particles and the inner wall of the chamber during vertical vibration. Since the size variation of the particle spheres is consistent with the height variation of the particle damping chamber, when the size of the particle spheres and the height of the particle damping chamber meet a certain ratio, the relative positions of the three sizes of particle spheres are not easily changed, and the particle spheres are not easily stacked. The trajectory of each particle's movement and collision is confined to a small space, reducing the randomness of particle movement. In addition, since the top surface of the particle damping chamber is inclined, during vibration, smaller particle spheres always move towards and collide with larger particle spheres, ensuring the realization of the energy dissipation mechanism during vibration. The inclined surface at the top of the particle damping chamber also has a certain drainage function, which to some extent prevents the impact of water, snow and dust accumulation on the damper's quality, thereby reducing the possibility of misalignment.

[0030] (3) This invention utilizes foamed rubber pads, which serve as nonlinear energy-dissipating materials to increase energy dissipation and reduce noise generated when particles collide with the inner wall of the cavity. This is particularly suitable for buildings like theaters with high acoustic requirements. Dispersing the foamed rubber pads onto the particle spheres and the inner wall of the particle-damped cavity can reduce the thickness of the foamed rubber pads while ensuring energy dissipation deformation margin, and also reduce noise generated by collisions between particles. At the same time, because the surface of the foamed rubber pads is relatively rough and has a high coefficient of friction, the relative motion between the foamed rubber surfaces during the rolling and collision of particles in the cavity can increase the energy consumed by friction. Under artificial vibration with a small amplitude, the concave arc surface on the foamed rubber pads can cause the particles to roll horizontally, increasing the way rolling friction consumes energy, and at the same time, it can make the particles return to their initial position after vibration. Under earthquake action with a large amplitude, when the particles collide with the bottom of the cavity at an angle, the concave arc surface on the foamed rubber pads increases the deformation margin of the energy-dissipating material during collision and compression, thereby improving the energy dissipation efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 This is a front view of the triangular prism-type tuned mass damper of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional view of the triangular prism box of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the triangular prism-type tuned mass damper of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 4 This is a top view schematic diagram of the particle arrangement of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the granular balls of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 6 This is a side view schematic diagram of the particle arrangement of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the collision mechanism of the particle damping unit of the present invention.

[0038] Numbering on the map:

[0039] 1- Triangular prism box, 2- High damping spring, 3- Steel mass block, 4- Particle damping unit, 5- Particle damping chamber, 6- Large particle ball, 6.1- Large particle ball foamed rubber outer layer, 6.2- Large particle ball steel inner core, 7- Medium particle ball, 7.1- Medium particle ball foamed rubber outer layer, 7.2- Medium particle ball steel inner core, 8- Small particle ball, 8.1- Small particle ball foamed rubber outer layer, 8.2- Small particle ball steel inner core, 9- Foamed rubber pad, 9.1- Arc concave surface, 10- Steel partition. Detailed Implementation

[0040] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. These embodiments are based on the technical solution of the present invention and provide detailed implementation methods and specific operating procedures. However, the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0041] Example 1:

[0042] This embodiment provides a triangular prism-type tuned mass damper suitable for large-span cantilever structures, installed on large-span cantilever structures requiring vertical vibration control. The triangular prism-type tuned mass damper of this embodiment includes a triangular prism box 1, a high-damping spring 2 installed below the triangular prism box 1, a steel mass block 3 disposed inside the triangular prism box 1, and multiple particle damping units 4 for vibration reduction. The upper end of the high-damping spring 2 is connected to the triangular prism box 1, and the lower end of the high-damping spring 2 is connected to the large-span cantilever structure requiring vertical vibration control. The edges of the steel mass block 3 are connected to the triangular prism box 1, and the particle damping units 4 are disposed in the remaining space of the triangular prism box 1. The particle damping unit 4 includes a particle damping chamber 5, a foamed rubber pad 9 installed on the inner wall of the particle damping chamber 5, and large particle balls 6, medium particle balls 7, and small particle balls 8 placed on the foamed rubber pad 9. When the structural vibration amplitude is small, the particles of different sizes dissipate energy by squeezing the foamed rubber pad 9 and rolling; when the structural vibration amplitude is large, the particles dissipate energy by colliding and squeezing the foamed rubber pad 9.

[0043] Example 2:

[0044] This embodiment provides a triangular prism-shaped tuned mass damper suitable for large-span cantilever structures, installed at the mid-span of the large-span structure requiring vertical vibration control. For example... Figure 1 As shown, the triangular prism-type tuned mass damper of this embodiment includes a triangular prism box 1, a high-damping spring 2 installed below the triangular prism box 1, a steel mass block 3 disposed inside the triangular prism box 1, and multiple particle damping units 4 for vibration reduction.

[0045] The upper end of the high-damping spring 2 is connected to the triangular prism box 1, and the lower end of the high-damping spring 2 is connected to the large-span cantilever structure that requires vertical vibration control. By adjusting the mass of the steel mass block 3 and the stiffness of the high-damping spring 2, the natural frequency of the damper is made close to the natural frequency of the vertical vibration of the cantilever structure, thus achieving the purpose of tuning. The mass of the steel mass block 3 ensures that the ratio of the total mass of the triangular prism box 1 to the mass of the large-span cantilever structure is 1%.

[0046] like Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, the steel mass block 3 is a regular square prism, and its front and rear ends are attached to the front and rear ends of the triangular prism box 1. The edges of the steel mass block 3 are connected to the triangular prism box 1, and the particle damping unit 4 is disposed in the remaining space of the triangular prism box 1. A steel partition 10 is disposed between the triangular prism box 1 and the steel mass block 3. Two particle damping units 4 are formed at the upper end and on both sides of the steel mass block 3. In this embodiment, the particle damping unit 4 is a triangular prism with a right-angled triangular cross-section. The particle damping units 4 are symmetrically arranged so that the horizontal collision force can achieve self-balance within the damper.

[0047] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 6 As shown, the particle damping unit 4 includes a particle damping chamber 5, a foamed rubber pad 9 installed on the inner wall of the particle damping chamber 5, and large particle balls 6, medium particle balls 7, and small particle balls 8 placed on the foamed rubber pad 9. Large particle balls 6, medium particle balls 7, and small particle balls 8 with decreasing diameters are placed sequentially in a decreasing height direction within the particle damping chamber 5. The distance between large particle balls 6 is less than the diameter of medium particle balls 7, and the distance between medium particle balls 7 is less than the diameter of small particle balls 8. Specifically, the ratio of the diameter of the large particle ball 6 to the maximum height of the particle damping chamber 5 is 0.6, the ratio of the diameter of the medium particle ball 7 to the maximum height of the particle damping chamber 5 is 0.33, and the ratio of the diameter of the small particle ball 8 to the maximum height of the particle damping chamber 5 is 0.17.

[0048] like Figure 5 As shown, the large granular ball 6 consists of a large granular ball foamed rubber outer layer 6.1 and a large granular ball steel inner core 6.2 wrapped inside it; the medium granular ball 7 consists of a medium granular ball foamed rubber outer layer 7.1 and a medium granular ball steel inner core 7.2 wrapped inside it; the small granular ball 8 consists of a small granular ball foamed rubber outer layer 8.1 and a small granular ball steel inner core 6.2 wrapped inside it.

[0049] like Figure 7 As shown, the surface of the foamed rubber pad 9 at the bottom of the particle damping chamber 5 has multiple arc-shaped concave surfaces 9.1. Large particle balls 6, medium particle balls 7, and small particle balls 8 are placed tangentially on the arc-shaped concave surfaces 9.1. In this embodiment, the radius of curvature of the arc-shaped concave surfaces 9.1 is three times the radius of the large particle balls 6, medium particle balls 7, and small particle balls 8, respectively.

[0050] Example 3:

[0051] This embodiment provides a triangular prism-type tuned mass damper suitable for large-span cantilever structures, which is installed at the cantilever end of the cantilever structure to be damped. It includes a triangular prism box 1 with an isosceles triangular cross-section, and its three-dimensional view is shown below. Figure 2 As shown. Figure 3 As shown, the triangular prism box 1 is composed of a steel mass block 3 and four particle damping units 4. Below the triangular prism box 1 is a high-damping spring 2, the lower end of which is connected to the large-span cantilever structure that requires vertical vibration control.

[0052] In this embodiment, a steel partition 10 is fixed between the triangular prism box 1 and the steel mass block 3, so that two particle damping units 4 are formed above the steel mass block 3; there are four particle damping units 4 around the steel mass block 3. The particle damping units 4 are triangular prisms with right-angled triangles in cross-section.

[0053] In this embodiment, each particle damping unit 4 includes a particle damping chamber 5, a large particle ball 6, a medium particle ball 7, a small particle ball 8, and a foamed rubber pad 9; the foamed rubber pad 9 is fixed to the inner wall of the particle damping unit 4; the large particle ball 6, the medium particle ball 7, and the small particle ball 8 are placed inside the particle damping chamber 5.

[0054] In this embodiment, as Figure 3 As shown, inside the particle damping unit 4, large particle balls 6, medium particle balls 7, and small particle balls 8 are placed sequentially into the particle damping chamber 5 according to their height from highest to lowest. Figure 4 As shown, the distance between large spheres 6 is smaller than the diameter of medium spheres 7, and the distance between medium spheres 7 is smaller than the diameter of small spheres 8.

[0055] In this embodiment, as Figure 5 As shown, the large granule ball 6 includes a large granule ball steel inner core 6.2 and a large granule ball foamed rubber outer layer 6.1, with the large granule ball foamed rubber outer layer 6.1 enclosing the large granule ball steel inner core 6.2; the medium granule ball 7 includes a medium granule ball steel inner core 7.2 and a medium granule ball foamed rubber outer layer 7.1, with the medium granule ball foamed rubber outer layer 7.1 enclosing the medium granule ball steel inner core 7.2; the small granule ball 8 includes a small granule ball steel inner core 8.2 and a small granule ball foamed rubber outer layer 8.1, with the small granule ball foamed rubber outer layer 8.1 enclosing the small granule ball steel inner core 8.2.

[0056] Specifically, by adjusting the mass of the steel mass block 3 and the stiffness of the high-damping spring 2, the natural frequency of the damper is made close to the natural frequency of the vertical vibration of the cantilever structure, thereby achieving the purpose of tuning. In this embodiment, the mass of the steel mass block 3 makes the ratio of the total mass of the triangular prism box 1 to the mass of the large-span cantilever structure 1 1%.

[0057] Specifically, all the particle damping units 4 are arranged symmetrically so that the horizontal collision force generated when the large particle ball 6, medium particle ball 7, and small particle ball 8 collide can be self-balanced within the damper; the edges of the steel mass block 3 are connected to the triangular prism box 1 so that the triangular prism box 1 can just accommodate the steel mass block 3.

[0058] Specifically, such as Figure 6As shown, the ratio of the diameter of the large particle sphere 6 to the maximum height of the particle damping chamber 5 is 0.6; the ratio of the diameter of the medium particle sphere 7 to the maximum height of the particle damping chamber 5 is 1 / 3; and the ratio of the diameter of the small particle sphere 8 to the maximum height of the particle damping chamber 5 is 1 / 6. Specifically, the surface of the foamed rubber pad 9 at the bottom of the particle damping unit 4 has a concave arc surface 9.1, the radius of which is 3 times the radius of the large particle sphere 6, the medium particle sphere 7, and the small particle sphere 8, respectively. The large particle sphere 6, the medium particle sphere 7, and the small particle sphere 8 are placed on the arc bottom of the concave arc surface 9.1.

[0059] The working principle of this invention is as follows.

[0060] After frequency tuning, when the cantilever structure experiences small-amplitude vibrations under human-induced vibration excitation, the resonance amplitude of the housing is also small. Due to inertia, the resonance of the triangular prism housing 1 causes relative motion between the particle damping chamber 5 and the particle spheres, resulting in the steel inner core of the particles squeezing the foamed rubber pad 9 and the foamed rubber outer layer of the particles, dissipating energy through the deformation of the foamed rubber. During human-induced vibration, walking and leaning against railings generate horizontal excitations to the structure. Simultaneously, the tilting of the damper housing during resonance, the uneven contact between the particles and the inner surface of the chamber, and the horizontal restoring force component generated by the squeezing of the foamed rubber pad 9 with its concave surface 9.1 cause the particles to roll even with small amplitude vibrations. While dissipating energy by squeezing the foamed rubber pad, the particles convert kinetic energy into gravitational potential energy by rolling back and forth within the concave surface 9.1, while also utilizing friction to dissipate energy. The more the particles deviate from their initial position, the more energy is consumed by friction, and the greater the restoring force generated by squeezing the foamed rubber pad 9. When the vibration ends, the particles will return to their initial position.

[0061] When the cantilever structure experiences significant vibrations under seismic loading, the resonance amplitude of the box structure is also substantial. At this time, the granular balls bounce within the granular damping chamber 5 and undergo inelastic collisions with the inner wall of the chamber, compressing the foamed rubber and dissipating energy.

[0062] The energy dissipation mechanism of particle collisions is as follows Figure 7 As shown. During the bouncing process of the particles, due to the vertical excitation, the particles undergo horizontal displacement after contacting the inclined surface of the chamber, causing the small particle 8 to collide with the medium particle 7, the medium particle 7 to collide with the large particle 6, the large particle 6 to collide with the side wall of the chamber, and then the particles collide with the bottom of the chamber.

[0063] In this embodiment, by limiting the particle size and the height of the particle damping chamber, particle stacking is prevented, and the trajectories of the movement and collisions of each particle are confined to a small space. This ensures that the relative positions of the three types of particle spheres remain unchanged, reducing the randomness of particle motion. As long as the relative positions of the three sizes of particle spheres remain unchanged, Figure 7 The collision energy dissipation mechanism shown can be repeatedly realized.

[0064] Simultaneously, under vertical vibration, the particles also generate horizontal motion, increasing the number of collisions and improving energy dissipation efficiency. During collisions, the foamed rubber pad 9 and the foamed rubber outer layer of the particle ball are compressed, achieving nonlinear energy dissipation. The particles collide with the bottom of the chamber at an angle, and the foamed rubber pad 9 with its arc-shaped concave surface 9.1 provides more energy dissipation deformation margin, thereby dissipating more energy. During vibration, there may be rolling of particles on the arc-shaped concave surface and relative misalignment between particles and between particles and the chamber; therefore, friction also plays a certain role in energy dissipation.

[0065] The above description of the embodiments is provided to enable those skilled in the art to understand and use the invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications can be made to these embodiments, and the general principles described herein can be applied to other embodiments without inventive effort. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any improvements and modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the disclosure of the present invention without departing from the scope of the invention should be within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A triangular prism-type tuned mass damper suitable for large-span cantilever structures, characterized in that, It includes a triangular prism box (1), a high-damping spring (2) installed below the triangular prism box (1), a steel mass block (3) set inside the triangular prism box (1), and multiple particle damping units (4) for vibration reduction. The upper end of the high-damping spring (2) is connected to the triangular prism box (1), and the lower end of the high-damping spring (2) is connected to the large-span cantilever structure that needs to be vertically vibrated. The edges of the steel mass block (3) are connected to the triangular prism box (1), and the particle damping unit (4) is set in the space between the triangular prism box (1) and the steel mass block (3); two particle damping units (4) are formed at the upper end and on both sides of the steel mass block (3); the shape of the particle damping unit (4) is a triangular prism with a right-angled triangle cross section, and the particle damping units (4) are symmetrically arranged; The particle damping unit (4) includes a particle damping chamber (5), a foamed rubber pad (9) installed on the inner wall of the particle damping chamber (5), and large particle balls (6), medium particle balls (7) and small particle balls (8) placed on the foamed rubber pad (9); large particle balls (6), medium particle balls (7) and small particle balls (8) with decreasing diameters are placed sequentially in the particle damping chamber (5) along the direction of decreasing height. The surface of the foamed rubber pad (9) at the bottom of the particle damping chamber (5) has multiple arc concave surfaces (9.1), and large particle balls (6), medium particle balls (7) and small particle balls (8) are respectively placed on the arc bottom of the arc concave surface (9.1); The ratio of the diameter of the large sphere (6) to the maximum height of the sphere damping chamber (5) is 0.56-0.64, the ratio of the diameter of the medium sphere (7) to the maximum height of the sphere damping chamber (5) is 0.3-0.35, and the ratio of the diameter of the small sphere (8) to the maximum height of the sphere damping chamber (5) is 0.15-0.

18. When the large-span cantilever structure generates a small amplitude vibration, the resonance amplitude generated by the triangular prism box (1) is small. While the granular ball consumes energy by squeezing the foamed rubber pad (9), it converts kinetic energy into gravitational potential energy by rolling back and forth in the concave arc surface (9.1), and at the same time consumes energy by friction. When the large-span cantilever structure generates a large amplitude vibration, the triangular prism box (1) generates a large resonance amplitude. At this time, the granules bounce in the granule damping chamber (5) and collide with the inner wall of the granule damping chamber 5 inelastically, squeezing the foamed rubber pad (9) to dissipate energy. During the bouncing process, small granules (8) collide with medium granules (7), medium granules (7) collide with large granules (6), large granules (6) collide with the side wall of the granule damping chamber (5), and then the granules collide with the bottom of the granule damping chamber (5).

2. A triangular prism-type tuned mass damper suitable for large-span cantilever structures according to claim 1, characterized in that, A steel partition (10) is provided between the triangular prism box (1) and the steel mass block (3) to divide the space above the steel mass block (3) into two particle damping units (4).

3. A triangular prism-type tuned mass damper suitable for large-span cantilever structures according to claim 1, characterized in that, The distance between the large spheres (6) is less than the diameter of the medium spheres (7), and the distance between the medium spheres (7) is less than the diameter of the small spheres (8).

4. A triangular prism-type tuned mass damper suitable for large-span cantilever structures according to claim 1, characterized in that, The large granule (6) includes a large granule foamed rubber outer layer (6.1) and a large granule steel inner core (6.2) wrapped inside it; the medium granule (7) includes a medium granule foamed rubber outer layer (7.1) and a medium granule steel inner core (7.2) wrapped inside it; and the small granule (8) includes a small granule foamed rubber outer layer (8.1) and a small granule steel inner core (8.2) wrapped inside it.

5. A triangular prism-type tuned mass damper suitable for large-span cantilever structures according to claim 1, characterized in that, The radius of curvature of the concave arc surface (9.1) is 2.8-3.2 times the radius of the large sphere (6), medium sphere (7) and small sphere (8).

6. The application of a triangular prism-type tuned mass damper for large-span cantilever structures as described in any one of claims 1-5 in the field of vibration control of large-span cantilever structures.

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