An ar-hud ghost detection analysis method and analysis system

Abstract

The application discloses an AR-HUD ghosting detection and analysis method and an analysis system. According to one or more steps, it is judged whether the ghosting problem of AR-HUD is caused by AR-HUD or windshield: whether the ghosting phenomenon is caused by metal mirror glass; the test verification is carried out by using flat glass; the smoothness of the projection of the light source on the surface of the optical element is determined; the dot matrix test is carried out on multiple glass samples by using the same AR-HUD sample to detect ghosting; the dot matrix test is carried out on the same windshield by using multiple AR-HUDs, the theoretical simulation analysis of the PVB angle of the windshield is carried out, and the ghosting condition is actually measured and analyzed. The application can analyze the whole optical imaging link, classify possible reasons according to the optical imaging principle, and check one by one through the bench analysis test, so that the problem of ghosting can be solved without changing the hardware design scheme and repeatedly modifying the glass and the internal lens mold of AR-HUD.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a ghosting detection and analysis method and system, and more particularly to an AR-HUD ghosting detection and analysis method and system. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of intelligent connected vehicles, display technology, as a window for human-computer interaction, is playing an increasingly important role. AR-HUD, as a breakthrough point in the vehicle's metaverse, seamlessly integrates the virtual and real worlds, providing users with a more intelligent interactive experience. More and more automakers are equipping their vehicles with AR-HUD display products, creating ultra-long-distance, ultra-wide viewing angles to achieve a larger image and seamlessly blend the virtual and real worlds with the road ahead. With the further development of intelligent driving technology, at the L2 autonomous driving stage, AR-HUD presents vehicle and pedestrian information fused from forward-facing cameras and millimeter-wave radar, allowing users to truly experience the entire process of the vehicle's perception, judgment, and decision-making in autonomous driving. This enhances user trust in autonomous driving technology and facilitates the development and widespread application of higher-level L3 autonomous driving technologies.

[0003] For AR-HUD systems, the AR-HUD display effect is a key feature that car manufacturers pay close attention to and focus on developing. Therefore, the problem of ghosting caused by AR-HUD light passing through double-layer glass needs to be solved. Since the light generated by AR-HUD undergoes multiple reflections and the optical path is not directly observable by the human eye, it is impossible to draw conclusions by disassembling the parts and observing directly. The imaging optical path is relatively long, passing through multiple internal components of the AR-HUD display before being projected onto the windshield and reflected into the human eye. Many factors influence the optical ghosting effect, such as the surface design of the large and small lenses, surface manufacturing tolerances, HUD assembly tolerances, the matching surface design and manufacturing tolerances of the windshield, and overall vehicle assembly tolerances. Since AR-HUD bench and real-vehicle testing can only test the final display effect, there is no effective method to pinpoint the root cause and find a solution to ghosting problems. Ghosting issues severely impact user experience, causing dizziness and requiring repeated modifications to hardware design and molds, increasing development costs and time. Therefore, designers need a ghosting analysis method to systematically eliminate possibilities based on the cause of the problem, quickly and efficiently resolving AR-HUD ghosting issues. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an AR-HUD ghosting detection and analysis method. Based on the principle of optical imaging, possible causes are classified, and ghosting phenomena are investigated one by one through bench analysis and testing to accurately locate them, thus solving the shortcomings of existing technologies.

[0005] This invention provides the following solution:

[0006] An AR-HUD ghosting detection and analysis method determines whether the AR-HUD ghosting problem originates from within the AR-HUD itself or from the windshield, based on one or more of the following steps:

[0007] Simulation analysis is performed based on the location and value of the ghosting to pinpoint the location and cause of the ghosting.

[0008] The test was conducted using a metallic reflective glass to determine whether the metallic reflective glass produced a ghosting phenomenon.

[0009] The test was conducted using a flat glass plate to verify whether the test results showed that both longitudinal and lateral ghosting were produced simultaneously, or only longitudinal ghosting was produced without lateral ghosting.

[0010] Perform surface profile inspection of optical components to determine the smoothness of the projection of the light source onto the surface of the optical components;

[0011] Dot pattern testing was performed on multiple glass samples using the same AR-HUD sample to detect ghosting.

[0012] Multiple AR-HUDs were used to perform dot matrix tests on the same windshield to confirm whether the ghosting problem was stable and to rule out the possibility of defective AR-HUD units.

[0013] Theoretical simulation analysis of the PVB angle of the windshield was performed.

[0014] We conducted a field measurement and analysis of the ghosting phenomenon in the windshield PVB.

[0015] Furthermore, the simulation analysis based on the ghost position and ghost value to locate the ghost position and cause specifically includes the following steps:

[0016] Simulation analysis is performed based on the location of the ghosting to pinpoint the ghosting location;

[0017] Simulation analysis was performed based on the ghosting values ​​detected during offline testing to locate the ghosting.

[0018] Furthermore, the test using a metal reflective glass to test whether the metal reflective glass produces a ghosting phenomenon specifically includes: simulating the theoretical data position, building a test bench, and using a metal reflective glass with the same curvature to replace the windshield for testing and verification.

[0019] Furthermore, the testing and verification using flat glass, specifically detecting whether the test results show simultaneous vertical and horizontal ghosting, or only vertical ghosting without horizontal ghosting, includes:

[0020] Simulate the location of theoretical data and build a test bench;

[0021] The test was conducted using a flat glass plate with completely parallel inner and outer surfaces instead of a windshield.

[0022] If not only vertical ghosting but also horizontal ghosting occurs on the flat glass, it proves to be an internal problem of the AR-HUD.

[0023] If only vertical ghosting occurs and no horizontal ghosting occurs, it indicates a problem with the windshield.

[0024] Furthermore, the process of performing optical element surface shape detection to determine the smoothness of the projection of the light source onto the surface of the optical element specifically includes: determining whether the size of the ghost image of the light source on the windshield is consistent in different areas of the windshield, and comparing it with the ghost image jumping phenomenon to conclude whether the PVB wedge angle is consistent in the ventilation area of ​​the windshield, thereby determining whether the problem is with the windshield or with the AR-HUD.

[0025] Furthermore, the step of using the same AR-HUD sample to perform dot matrix testing on multiple glass samples to detect ghosting specifically includes: using the same AR-HUD to perform dot matrix testing on multiple glass samples to confirm whether the ghosting area is stable, thus ruling out whether it is a defective individual glass product. If it is confirmed that all glass samples have ghosting at the same location, then the manufacturing defect of an individual product is ruled out.

[0026] Furthermore, the theoretical simulation analysis of the windshield PVB angle is specifically performed by: determining the rotation angle of the reflective surface and the rotation angle of the reflected light based on the reflection principle, and detecting whether there is ghosting in the vertical and horizontal directions, wherein the tolerance of the PVB film is 0.05mrad.

[0027] Furthermore, the actual measurement and analysis of ghosting in the windshield PVB is carried out as follows: a straight line scan is performed in the light-transmitting area at 50mm intervals in the horizontal / vertical direction, with a test point spacing of 20mm. Based on the thickness value of each test point, the wedge angle calculated from any two adjacent points on a straight line is obtained, and it is determined whether the wedge angle in the horizontal / vertical direction is within the tolerance range.

[0028] An AR-HUD ghosting detection and analysis system, applied to AR-HUD ghosting detection and analysis methods, determines whether the AR-HUD ghosting problem originates from within the AR-HUD itself or from the windshield based on one or more of the following modules:

[0029] The ghosting location / numerical simulation analysis module performs simulation analysis based on the ghosting location and ghosting value to locate the ghosting location and cause.

[0030] The metal reflector glass test module uses metal reflector glass to test whether the metal reflector glass produces a ghosting phenomenon;

[0031] The flat glass testing and verification module uses flat glass for testing and verification, and detects whether the test results show that both longitudinal and lateral ghosting are produced simultaneously, or only longitudinal ghosting is produced without lateral ghosting.

[0032] The optical component surface shape detection module performs optical component surface shape detection to determine the smoothness of the projection of the light source onto the surface of the optical component;

[0033] The same sample dot matrix test module was used to perform dot matrix tests on multiple glass samples using the same AR-HUD sample to detect ghosting.

[0034] Using the same windshield dot matrix test module, multiple AR-HUDs were used to perform dot matrix tests on the same windshield to confirm whether the ghosting problem was stable and to rule out the problem of individual AR-HUD defects.

[0035] The PVB angle theoretical simulation analysis module is used to perform theoretical simulation analysis of the windshield's PVB angle.

[0036] The PVB ghosting analysis module performs on-site PVB ghosting analysis on the windshield.

[0037] Furthermore, the PVB angle theory simulation analysis module specifically involves: determining the rotation angle of the reflecting surface and the rotation angle of the reflected light based on the reflection principle, and detecting whether there is ghosting in the vertical and horizontal directions, wherein the tolerance of the PVB film is 0.05 mrad.

[0038] The PVB ghosting measurement and analysis module specifically performs a linear scan in the light-transmitting area at 50mm intervals in the horizontal / vertical directions, with a test point spacing of 20mm. Based on the thickness value of each test point, it calculates the wedge angle between any two adjacent points on a straight line and determines whether the wedge angle in the horizontal / vertical directions is within the tolerance range.

[0039] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: The present invention can analyze the entire optical imaging link and classify possible causes according to the optical imaging principle. The classification types include: HUD internal lens surface shape, glass surface shape, glass wedge angle, relative position deviation between glass and HUD, defective glass or HUD individual products, etc. The above can be checked one by one through bench analysis and testing, and the location can be accurately determined without changing the hardware design scheme or repeatedly modifying the glass and AR-HUD internal lens mold, thus solving the ghosting problem. Attached Figure Description

[0040] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0041] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the AR-HUD ghosting detection and analysis method.

[0042] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram (side view) illustrating the principle of vertical ghosting.

[0043] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram (top view) illustrating the principle of horizontal ghosting.

[0044] Figure 4 It is one of the measured images of ghosting.

[0045] Figure 5 This is the second measured image of ghosting.

[0046] Figure 6 It is a vertical or horizontal ghosting effect caused by local deformation.

[0047] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of verifying ghosting on a metal reflective glass.

[0048] Figure 8 This is one of the effect images used to verify horizontal ghosting on a flat glass panel.

[0049] Figure 9 This is the second image showing the effect of verifying horizontal ghosting on a flat glass surface.

[0050] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of lamp testing.

[0051] Figure 11 This is an image showing the size of the ghost image.

[0052] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the effect of using multiple HUDs to perform a dot matrix test on the same glass.

[0053] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of wedge angle measurement.

[0054] Figure 14 This is a diagram illustrating the effect of PVB angle on light.

[0055] Figure 15 This is a diagram illustrating the ghosting effect of a measured PVB angle on a windshield. Detailed Implementation

[0056] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0057] Preferred embodiment:

[0058] like Figure 1 The flowchart of the AR-HUD ghosting detection and analysis method shown below determines whether the AR-HUD ghosting problem originates from within the AR-HUD or from the windshield, based on one or more of the following steps:

[0059] Step S1: Perform simulation analysis based on the ghosting position and ghosting value to locate the ghosting position and cause.

[0060] Step S2: Based on the simulated theoretical data position, test the metal reflector glass to see if the metal reflector glass produces a ghosting phenomenon.

[0061] Step S3: Use flat glass to test and verify whether the test result shows that both longitudinal and lateral ghosting are produced at the same time, or only longitudinal ghosting is produced without lateral ghosting.

[0062] Step S4: Perform optical element surface shape detection to determine the smoothness of the projection of the light source onto the surface of the optical element;

[0063] Step S5: Use the same AR-HUD sample to perform dot matrix testing on multiple glass samples to detect ghosting;

[0064] Step S6: Use multiple AR-HUDs to perform dot matrix tests on the same windshield to confirm whether the ghosting problem is stable and rule out the problem of defective AR-HUD units; if it is confirmed that all AR-HUDs have the ghosting problem in the same position, then the manufacturing problem of defective AR-HUD units is ruled out.

[0065] Step S7: Perform theoretical simulation analysis of the windshield PVB angle;

[0066] Step S8: Perform a PVB measurement and analysis of the ghosting effect on the windshield.

[0067] like Figure 2 The schematic diagram (side view) illustrating the principle of vertical ghosting shows that, through simulation analysis, ghosting occurs at a certain incident angle. During the design and development process, a vertical wedge angle is incorporated, typically requiring wedge films to be added to both inner and outer glass layers, creating a thicker top and thinner bottom to reduce ghosting. If the wedge angle deviates from the theoretical value, the ghosting will become more pronounced.

[0068] like Figure 3 The schematic diagram (top view) illustrating the principle of lateral ghosting shows that when the incident angle is around 0°, the inner and outer glass layers are theoretically parallel in the horizontal direction, and the ghosting is not visible. The horizontal wedge angle is 0 mrad, and no additional wedge angle is needed. If there is a sudden change in thickness at a local location, a wedge angle will exist in the horizontal direction of the inner and outer surfaces, which will increase the lateral ghosting.

[0069] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the windshield eliminates vertical ghosting by increasing the longitudinal wedge angle, while no wedge angle is designed in the horizontal direction on the inner and outer surfaces to satisfy horizontal ghosting.

[0070] Example 1:

[0071] like Figure 6 As shown, in step S1, simulation analysis is performed based on the ghost position and ghost value to locate the ghost position and cause. Specifically, this includes the following steps:

[0072] Simulation analysis is performed based on the location of the ghosting to pinpoint the ghosting location;

[0073] Simulation analysis was performed based on the ghosting values ​​detected during offline testing to locate the ghosting.

[0074] For example:

[0075] 1. Based on the location of the ghosting, perform simulation analysis to pinpoint the location of the ghosting.

[0076] 2. Based on the ghosting values ​​detected during offline testing, conduct simulation analysis to pinpoint the cause of the ghosting:

[0077] (1) The wedge angles within the glass light-transmitting area are inconsistent, with larger deviations in local locations;

[0078] (2) Local abrupt changes / local deformations occur in the light-transmitting area of ​​the glass;

[0079] (3) Local abrupt changes occur in the light transmission area of ​​the internal lens of the HUD.

[0080] In this embodiment, the vertical and horizontal ghosting caused by the theoretical windshield and local deformation can be detected by Table 1 below.

[0081] Table 1 Vertical or horizontal ghosting caused by local deformation

[0082]

[0083] Those skilled in the art can use their general technical knowledge in the field to improve Table 1 by combining prior values, empirical values, experimental values ​​and other data, and realize the detection of vertical and horizontal ghosting caused by theoretical windshield and local deformation according to the values ​​and types in Table 1.

[0084] Example 2:

[0085] like Figure 7 As shown, in step S2, based on the simulated theoretical data position, a test is conducted using a metal reflective glass to determine whether the metal reflective glass produces a ghosting phenomenon. Specifically, this includes:

[0086] To simulate the theoretical data location, a test bench was built, and a metal reflective glass with the same curvature was used to replace the windshield for testing and verification.

[0087] For example, a metallic reflective glass is used to verify ghosting:

[0088] Testing equipment: A test bench was built to simulate the theoretical data location.

[0089] Verification method: Test and verify using a metal reflective glass with the same curvature instead of the windshield.

[0090] Test results: If ghosting occurs on the metal glass, it indicates an internal problem with the ARHUD. If no ghosting occurs, it indicates a problem with the windshield.

[0091] Example 3:

[0092] like Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, in step S3, a test is performed using a flat glass plate to check whether the test result shows that both longitudinal and lateral ghosting are produced simultaneously, or only longitudinal ghosting is produced without lateral ghosting.

[0093] For example, lateral ghosting is verified using flat glass:

[0094] Test equipment: A test bench was built to simulate the theoretical data location.

[0095] Verification method: A flat glass with perfectly parallel inner and outer surfaces was used to replace the windshield for testing and verification.

[0096] Test results: If both vertical and horizontal ghosting occur on the flat glass, it indicates an internal problem with the AR-HUD. If only vertical ghosting occurs without horizontal ghosting, it indicates a problem with the windshield.

[0097] Example 4:

[0098] like Figure 10 As shown, in step S4, the surface shape of the optical element is detected to determine the smoothness of the projection of the light source onto the surface of the optical element.

[0099] For example, verification of ghosting on the windshield from other light sources (lamp tubes):

[0100] Common methods for inspecting the surface shape of optical components: Check if the projection of a distant light source onto the optical surface is smooth. This can be confirmed by observing the projections of other light sources onto a single piece of the windshield. If the size of the ghost image of the lamp tube on the windshield is inconsistent in different areas, resembling a ghosting phenomenon, it indicates that the PVB wedge angle is not consistent within the light-transmitting area. Local variations will cause a local increase in ghosting. This proves it's a windshield problem. Conversely, it's an ARHUD problem.

[0101] Example 5:

[0102] like Figure 11 As shown, in step S5, the same AR-HUD sample is used to perform dot matrix testing on multiple glass samples to detect ghosting.

[0103] For example, the same HUD can be used to perform a center-eye dot matrix test on multiple glass samples to confirm whether the ghosting area is stable, thus ruling out the possibility of a defective individual glass product. If it is confirmed that all glass samples have the same ghosting problem at the same location, then a manufacturing defect of an individual product can be ruled out.

[0104] Example 6:

[0105] like Figure 12 As shown, in step S6, multiple AR-HUDs are used to perform dot matrix tests on the same windshield to confirm whether the ghosting problem is stable and to rule out the problem of defective AR-HUD units. If it is confirmed that all AR-HUDs have ghosting problems at the same position, then the manufacturing problem of defective AR-HUD units is ruled out.

[0106] Example 7:

[0107] like Figure 13 and Figure 14 As shown, in step S7, a theoretical simulation analysis of the windshield PVB angle is performed. Specifically, according to the principle of reflection: when the reflecting surface rotates by an angle i, the reflected light ray rotates by 2i.

[0108] 1. Vertical direction: Theoretical value ±0.05mrad, which can guarantee vertical ghosting ≤3′, with no obvious ghosting.

[0109] 2. Horizontal direction: 0±0.05mrad, which can ensure that the horizontal ghosting is ≤1.5′ and there is no obvious ghosting.

[0110] PVB membrane manufacturers and glass manufacturers can guarantee that the PVB membrane tolerance is 0.05 mrad after the glass is laminated.

[0111] Example 8:

[0112] like Figure 15As shown, in step S8, a PVB measurement analysis of the windshield is performed to determine the ghosting effect. The thickness is measured at different locations on the windshield, and a straight line is fitted at multiple points to obtain the wedge angle.

[0113] Even without equipment to measure the deviation between the wedge angle of the light-transmitting area after glass lamination and before lamination, the wedge angle value can be indirectly calculated by measuring the thickness value to determine whether the tolerance requirements are met.

[0114] The specific steps of the test method are as follows: Scan a straight line in the horizontal / vertical direction with an interval of 50mm in the light-transmitting area, with a test point spacing of 20mm. The thickness value of each test point is D1~Da. The wedge angle calculated between any two adjacent points on the straight line is R1~Ra. Rn=arctan((Dn+1-Dn) / 20), Rmax=max(R1~Ra) and Rmin=min(R1~Ra) in the horizontal / vertical direction. Determine whether Rmax and Rmin in the horizontal / vertical direction are within the tolerance range.

[0115] Analysis of Examples 1 to 8 above reveals that the cause may be related to the glass surface shape, the wedge angle after glass lamination, or the HUD glass surface shape. Based on simulation and bench testing results, once the cause is accurately identified, design or process modifications can resolve the ghosting problem, meet ghosting design requirements, and improve user experience.

[0116] It is worth noting that embodiments one through eight are not isolated entities, but can be combined with each other. For example, embodiment one can be combined with embodiment two to form embodiment N, embodiment N can be combined with embodiment three to form embodiment N+1, embodiment N+1 can be combined with embodiment four to form embodiment N+2, and so on. In other words, the embodiments of the present invention can form an infinite number of embodiments or technical solutions. The present invention is open rather than closed. The scope of protection of the claims of the present invention cannot be considered to be limited to one or more steps just because this embodiment only discloses one or more steps of the AR-HUD ghost detection and analysis method.

[0117] It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein (including technical and scientific terms) have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. It should also be understood that terms such as those defined in general dictionaries should be understood to have the same meaning as in the context of the prior art and should not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless specifically defined.

[0118] It should be noted that certain terms are used in this specification and claims to refer to specific elements. Those skilled in the art will understand that different manufacturers or producers may use different terms to refer to the same element. This specification and claims do not distinguish elements based on differences in terminology, but rather on differences in function.

[0119] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0120] Furthermore, those skilled in the art will understand that although some embodiments described herein include certain features but not others included in other embodiments, combinations of features from different embodiments are intended to be within the scope of the invention and form different embodiments. For example, any of the embodiments claimed in the claims can be used in any combination of embodiments of the invention.

[0121] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "an embodiment," "example," "specific example," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0122] Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other, but only if they are feasible for those skilled in the art. If the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

[0123] All features disclosed in this specification, or steps in all disclosed methods or processes, may be combined in any way, except for mutually exclusive features and / or steps. Any feature disclosed in this specification, unless specifically stated otherwise, may be replaced by other equivalent or similar features. That is, unless specifically stated otherwise, each feature is merely one example of a series of equivalent or similar features. Throughout this specification, the same reference numerals indicate the same elements.

[0124] Those skilled in the art will understand that modules in the device of the embodiments can be adaptively changed and placed in one or more devices different from that embodiment. Modules, units, or components in the embodiments can be combined into a single module, unit, or component, and further, they can be divided into multiple sub-modules, sub-units, or sub-components. Except where at least some of such features and / or processes or units are mutually exclusive, any combination can be used to combine all features disclosed in this specification (including the corresponding claims, abstract, and drawings) and all processes or units of any method or device so disclosed. Unless expressly stated otherwise, each feature disclosed in this specification (including the corresponding claims, abstract, and drawings) may be replaced by an alternative feature that serves the same, equivalent, or similar purpose.

[0125] In the several embodiments provided by this invention, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, apparatuses, and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for example, the division of units is merely a logical functional division, and other division methods may exist in actual implementation; for example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored, or certain instructions may not be executed. Furthermore, the couplings or direct couplings or communication connections shown or discussed may be indirect couplings or communication connections through some interfaces, apparatuses, or units, and may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms not shown.

[0126] In this application, the term "exemplary" is used to mean "used as an example, illustration, or description." Any embodiment described as "exemplary" in this application is not necessarily to be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments. The following description is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make and use this application. Details are set forth in the following description for purposes of explanation. It should be understood that those skilled in the art will recognize that this application can be made without using these specific details. In other instances, well-known structures and processes are not described in detail to avoid obscuring the description of this application with unnecessary detail. Therefore, this application is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown, but is consistent with the broadest scope of the principles and features disclosed in this application.

[0127] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for detecting and analyzing ghosting in AR-HUD, characterized in that, Determine whether the ghosting issue in an AR-HUD originates from within the AR-HUD itself or from the windshield by following one or more of the following steps: Simulation analysis is performed based on the location and value of the ghosting to pinpoint the location and cause of the ghosting. The test was conducted using a metallic reflective glass to determine whether the metallic reflective glass produced a ghosting phenomenon. The test was conducted using a flat glass plate to verify whether the test results showed that both longitudinal and lateral ghosting were produced simultaneously, or only longitudinal ghosting was produced without lateral ghosting. Perform surface profile inspection of optical components to determine the smoothness of the projection of the light source onto the surface of the optical components; Dot pattern testing was performed on multiple glass samples using the same AR-HUD sample to detect ghosting. Multiple AR-HUDs were used to perform dot matrix tests on the same windshield to confirm whether the ghosting problem was stable and to rule out the possibility of defective AR-HUD units. Theoretical simulation analysis of the PVB angle of the windshield was performed. We conducted a field measurement and analysis of the ghosting phenomenon in the windshield PVB.

2. The AR-HUD ghosting detection and analysis method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The simulation analysis based on the ghosting position and ghosting value to locate the ghosting location and cause specifically includes the following steps: Simulation analysis is performed based on the location of the ghosting to pinpoint the ghosting location; Simulation analysis was performed based on the ghosting values ​​detected during offline testing to locate the ghosting.

3. The AR-HUD ghosting detection and analysis method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The test using a metal reflective glass to determine whether the metal reflective glass produces a ghosting phenomenon specifically includes: simulating the theoretical data position, building a test bench, and using a metal reflective glass with the same curvature to replace the windshield for testing and verification.

4. The AR-HUD ghosting detection and analysis method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The testing and verification using flat glass aims to determine whether the test results show both longitudinal and lateral ghosting, or only longitudinal ghosting without lateral ghosting. Specifically, this includes: Simulate the location of theoretical data and build a test bench; The test was conducted using a flat glass plate with completely parallel inner and outer surfaces instead of a windshield. If not only vertical ghosting but also horizontal ghosting occurs on the flat glass, it proves to be an internal problem of the AR-HUD. If only vertical ghosting occurs and no horizontal ghosting occurs, it indicates a problem with the windshield.

5. The AR-HUD ghosting detection and analysis method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of performing optical element surface shape detection to determine the smoothness of the projection of the light source onto the surface of the optical element specifically includes: determining whether the size of the ghost image of the light source on the windshield is consistent in different areas of the windshield, and comparing it with the ghost image jumping phenomenon to conclude whether the PVB wedge angle is consistent in the ventilation area of ​​the windshield, thereby determining whether the problem is with the windshield or with the AR-HUD.

6. The AR-HUD ghosting detection and analysis method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of using the same AR-HUD sample to perform dot matrix testing on multiple glass samples to detect ghosting specifically includes: using the same AR-HUD to perform dot matrix testing on multiple glass samples to confirm whether the glass ghosting area is stable, thus ruling out whether it is a problem of individual glass defect; if it is confirmed that all glass samples have ghosting problems at the same location, then the manufacturing problem of individual defect is ruled out.

7. The AR-HUD ghosting detection and analysis method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The theoretical simulation analysis of the PVB angle of the windshield is carried out as follows: the rotation angle of the reflective surface and the rotation angle of the reflected light are determined according to the reflection principle, and the presence of ghosting is detected in the vertical and horizontal directions. The tolerance of the PVB film is 0.05mrad.

8. The AR-HUD ghosting detection and analysis method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific steps for analyzing the ghosting of PVB in the windshield are as follows: a straight line scan is performed in the light-transmitting area at 50mm intervals in the horizontal / vertical directions, with a test point spacing of 20mm. Based on the thickness value of each test point, the wedge angle calculated between any two adjacent points on a straight line is obtained, and it is determined whether the wedge angle in the horizontal / vertical directions is within the tolerance range.

9. An AR-HUD ghost detection and analysis system, applied to AR-HUD ghost detection and analysis methods, characterized in that, Determine whether the ghosting problem in the AR-HUD originates from within the AR-HUD itself or from the windshield, based on one or more of the following modules: The ghosting location / numerical simulation analysis module performs simulation analysis based on the ghosting location and ghosting value to locate the ghosting location and cause. The metal reflector glass test module uses metal reflector glass to test whether the metal reflector glass produces a ghosting phenomenon; The flat glass testing and verification module uses flat glass for testing and verification, and detects whether the test results show that both longitudinal and lateral ghosting are produced simultaneously, or only longitudinal ghosting is produced without lateral ghosting. The optical component surface shape detection module performs optical component surface shape detection to determine the smoothness of the projection of the light source onto the surface of the optical component; The same sample dot matrix test module was used to perform dot matrix tests on multiple glass samples using the same AR-HUD sample to detect ghosting. Using the same windshield dot matrix test module, multiple AR-HUDs were used to perform dot matrix tests on the same windshield to confirm whether the ghosting problem was stable and to rule out the problem of individual AR-HUD defects. The PVB angle theoretical simulation analysis module is used to perform theoretical simulation analysis of the windshield's PVB angle. The PVB ghosting analysis module performs on-site PVB ghosting analysis on the windshield.

10. The AR-HUD ghosting detection and analysis system according to claim 9, characterized in that, The PVB angle theory simulation analysis module specifically determines the rotation angle of the reflecting surface and the rotation angle of the reflected light based on the reflection principle, and detects whether there is ghosting in the vertical and horizontal directions, wherein the tolerance of the PVB film is 0.05mrad; The PVB ghosting measurement and analysis module specifically performs a linear scan in the light-transmitting area at 50mm intervals in the horizontal / vertical directions, with a test point spacing of 20mm. Based on the thickness value of each test point, it calculates the wedge angle between any two adjacent points on a straight line and determines whether the wedge angle in the horizontal / vertical directions is within the tolerance range.

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