Hydrogen preheater performance test system and test bench

Abstract

The present application relates to heat exchanger technical field, disclose a kind of hydrogen preheater performance test system and test bench, system includes the low-pressure regulating tank, compressor, high-pressure regulating tank and the cold side gas circulation subsystem of first heat exchanger connected by pipeline in turn;Hot side liquid circulation subsystem is connected by pipeline in turn in temperature regulating tank and first circulating pump;Low-temperature constant temperature test box, including hydrogen preheater test piece, hydrogen preheater test piece is equipped with head gas side port, head liquid side port, tail gas side port and tail liquid side port;Low-pressure regulating tank is connected by pipeline with head gas side port, pressure valve is arranged on the pipeline between low-pressure regulating tank and head gas side port;First heat exchanger is connected with refrigerator and tail gas side port respectively;Temperature regulating tank is connected with head liquid side port, first circulating pump is connected by pipeline with tail liquid side port.The present application solves the problem that existing technology cannot meet the testing needs of hydrogen preheater.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of heat exchanger technology, specifically to a hydrogen preheater performance testing system and test bench. Background Technology

[0002] A heat exchanger, also known as a heat exchanger or heat exchange device, is a typical heat exchanger, such as a hydrogen preheater. It is a device used to transfer heat from a hot fluid to a cold fluid to meet specified process requirements. It is an industrial application of convective heat transfer and heat conduction.

[0003] To obtain the actual performance of hydrogen preheaters and meet the testing requirements of different products, performance tests are necessary. To meet these testing requirements, test benches need to provide different testing conditions. However, currently, test benches for hydrogen preheater testing systems are scarce, difficult to find, costly, and the testing environment is affected by uncontrollable factors such as temperature, flow rate, and pressure, resulting in unsatisfactory testing conditions. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a testing system that can meet the testing requirements of hydrogen preheaters. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a hydrogen preheater performance testing system and test bench to solve the problem that the prior art cannot meet the testing requirements of hydrogen preheaters.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a hydrogen preheater performance testing system, the system comprising: a cold-side gas circulation subsystem, a hot-side liquid circulation subsystem, a low-temperature constant temperature test chamber, and a refrigerator;

[0006] The cold-side gas circulation subsystem includes: a low-pressure regulating tank, a compressor, a high-pressure regulating tank, and a first heat exchanger connected in sequence by pipelines;

[0007] The hot-side liquid circulation subsystem includes a temperature regulating tank and a first circulation pump connected in sequence via pipelines;

[0008] The low-temperature constant temperature test chamber includes: a hydrogen preheater test piece, which is equipped with a head gas-side port, a head liquid-side port, a tail gas-side port, and a tail liquid-side port;

[0009] The low-pressure regulating tank is connected to the head gas-side port of the hydrogen preheater test piece via a pipeline, and a pressure valve is installed on the pipeline between the low-pressure regulating tank and the head gas-side port of the hydrogen preheater test piece; the first heat exchanger is connected to the tail gas-side port of the refrigerator and the hydrogen preheater test piece via pipelines.

[0010] The temperature regulating tank is connected to the head liquid-side port of the hydrogen preheater test piece via a pipeline, and the first circulation pump is connected to the tail liquid-side port of the hydrogen preheater test piece via a pipeline.

[0011] The hydrogen preheater performance testing system provided in this invention allows for the adjustment of the cold-side gas temperature and flow rate using a low-pressure regulating tank, compressor, high-pressure regulating tank, and first heat exchanger within the cold-side gas circulation subsystem, according to testing requirements. Similarly, the hot-side liquid temperature and flow rate can be adjusted using a temperature regulating tank and a first circulation pump connected sequentially via pipelines. A low-temperature constant-temperature test chamber simulates the low-temperature operating environment of the hydrogen preheater, meeting testing requirements under various conditions. The chiller allows for free adjustment of the cold-side gas temperature. The cold-side gas circulation subsystem, hot-side liquid circulation subsystem, low-temperature constant-temperature test chamber, and chiller simulate different testing conditions and environments according to testing needs, solving the problem that existing technologies cannot meet the testing requirements of hydrogen preheaters.

[0012] In one optional embodiment, the hydrogen preheater performance testing system further includes:

[0013] The water circulation subsystem includes: a second heat exchanger, a water tank, and a second circulation pump connected in sequence via pipelines;

[0014] The second circulating pump is connected to the refrigeration unit via pipeline, and the second heat exchanger is connected to the low-pressure regulating tank and the gas-side port of the head of the hydrogen preheater test piece via pipeline.

[0015] The hydrogen preheater performance test system provided in this embodiment of the invention includes a water circulation subsystem. The water circulation subsystem flows through a second heat exchanger, a water tank, and a second circulation pump sequentially through a chiller, carrying away the waste heat in the chiller and continuing to cool the hydrogen after heat exchange, thereby reducing the load on the compressor.

[0016] In one optional embodiment, the low-temperature constant temperature test chamber further includes: a first hose, a second hose, a first liquid-side connector, a second liquid-side connector, a first clamp, a second clamp, a third clamp, and a fourth clamp; the first liquid-side connector includes a first chuck and a first connector; the second liquid-side connector includes a second chuck and a second connector;

[0017] One end of the first hose is connected to the liquid side port of the head, and the other end of the first hose is sleeved on the first connector and fixedly connected by the first clamp. The first chuck is fixedly connected to the pipeline between the temperature regulating tank and the hydrogen preheater test piece by the second clamp.

[0018] One end of the second hose is connected to the liquid side port at the tail end, and the other end of the second hose is sleeved on the second connector and fixedly connected by the second clamp. The second chuck is fixedly connected to the pipeline between the first circulating pump and the hydrogen preheater test piece by the fourth clamp.

[0019] The hydrogen preheater performance testing system provided in this embodiment of the invention has a first hose with one end connected to the head liquid-side port and the other end of the first hose sleeved on the first connector and fixedly connected by the first clamp. The first chuck is fixedly connected to the pipeline between the temperature regulating tank and the hydrogen preheater test piece by the second clamp. A second hose has one end connected to the tail liquid-side port and the other end of the second hose sleeved on the second connector and fixedly connected by the second clamp. The second chuck is fixedly connected to the pipeline between the first circulating pump and the hydrogen preheater test piece by the fourth clamp, ensuring the sealing of the hydrogen preheater test piece connection and improving the accuracy of the test results.

[0020] In one alternative embodiment, a vacuum filling port is provided on the pipeline between the second heat exchanger and the head gas-side port of the hydrogen preheater test piece.

[0021] In one optional embodiment, the cold-side gas circulation subsystem further includes: a first temperature sensor, a second temperature sensor, a third temperature sensor, a first pressure sensor, and a second pressure sensor.

[0022] Both the first temperature sensor and the first pressure sensor are connected to the low-pressure regulating tank;

[0023] Both the second temperature sensor and the second pressure sensor are connected to the high-pressure regulating tank;

[0024] The third temperature sensor is connected to the first heat exchanger;

[0025] The first temperature sensor, the second temperature sensor, and the third temperature sensor are all temperature sensors with temperature probes; the first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor are pressure sensors with pressure probes.

[0026] In one alternative embodiment, the hot-side liquid circulation subsystem further includes: a heating rod, a fourth temperature sensor, a third pressure sensor, and a flange valve; the fourth temperature sensor is a temperature sensor with a temperature probe; the third pressure sensor is a pressure sensor with a pressure probe.

[0027] The temperature regulating tank includes a cavity and a regulating port;

[0028] The heating rod is embedded into the temperature regulating tank cavity;

[0029] The temperature probe of the fourth temperature sensor and the pressure probe of the third pressure sensor are installed inside the temperature regulating tank cavity; the flange valve is installed at the regulating port of the temperature regulating tank.

[0030] In one optional embodiment, the low-temperature constant temperature test chamber further includes: a fifth temperature sensor, a sixth temperature sensor, a seventh temperature sensor, an eighth temperature sensor, a fourth pressure sensor, a fifth pressure sensor, a first differential pressure gauge, and a second differential pressure gauge;

[0031] The fifth temperature sensor is connected to the gas-side port at the head of the hydrogen preheater test piece;

[0032] The sixth temperature sensor and the fourth pressure sensor are both connected to the gas-side port at the tail end of the hydrogen preheater test piece; the first differential pressure gauge is located between the fifth temperature sensor and the sixth temperature sensor and is connected to the fourth pressure sensor.

[0033] The seventh temperature sensor and the fifth pressure sensor are connected to the liquid-side port at the head of the hydrogen preheater test piece.

[0034] The eighth temperature sensor is connected to the liquid-side port at the tail end of the hydrogen preheater test piece; the second differential pressure gauge is located between the seventh and eighth temperature sensors and is connected to the fifth pressure sensor.

[0035] In one alternative embodiment, the fifth, sixth, seventh, and eighth temperature sensors are all temperature sensors with temperature probes; the fourth and fifth pressure sensors are both pressure sensors with pressure probes.

[0036] The hydrogen preheater performance testing system provided in this embodiment of the invention uses temperature and pressure sensors equipped with probes, which enables it to provide reliable test data and high measurement accuracy, thereby improving the reliability of the hydrogen preheater test specimen's test performance. The test operation is simple and the test cost is reduced.

[0037] In one alternative implementation, the cold-side gas circulation subsystem further includes a gas flow meter, which is installed on the pipeline between the low-pressure regulating tank and the hydrogen preheater test piece.

[0038] The hot-side liquid circulation subsystem also includes a liquid flow meter, which is installed on the pipeline between the first circulation pump and the hydrogen preheater test piece;

[0039] The low-temperature constant temperature test chamber also includes a first valve, a second valve, a third valve, a fourth valve, and two connecting pipes;

[0040] The first valve is installed on the pipeline between the temperature regulating tank and the head liquid-side port of the hydrogen preheater test piece; the second valve is installed on the pipeline between the tail liquid-side port of the hydrogen preheater test piece and the liquid flow meter.

[0041] The two connecting pipelines include a first connecting pipeline and a second connecting pipeline. Both the first connecting pipeline and the second connecting pipeline are located between the head liquid-side port and the tail liquid-side port of the hydrogen preheater test piece. A third valve is located on the first connecting pipeline and a fourth valve is located on the second connecting pipeline.

[0042] The hydrogen preheater performance testing system provided in this invention features a gas flow meter in the cold-side gas circulation subsystem and a liquid flow meter in the hot-side liquid circulation subsystem, enabling real-time monitoring of the flow rates of both the cold-side gas and the hot-side liquid. Through the first, second, third, and fourth valves and two connecting pipelines in the low-temperature constant-temperature test chamber, the system allows for control of the co-current or counter-current heat exchange of the liquid within the hydrogen preheater test specimen, without disassembling the specimen, according to testing requirements.

[0043] Secondly, the present invention provides a test bench, including a hub, a distribution box, and a hydrogen preheater performance test system according to the first aspect or any corresponding embodiment thereof; both the hub and the distribution box are connected to the hydrogen preheater performance test system.

[0044] The test bench provided in this invention includes a hydrogen preheater performance testing system. The temperature of the cold-side gas can be adjusted according to testing requirements using a low-pressure regulating tank, compressor, high-pressure regulating tank, and first heat exchanger in the cold-side gas circulation subsystem. The temperature of the hot-side liquid can be adjusted according to testing requirements using a temperature regulating tank and a first circulation pump connected sequentially via pipelines. The low-temperature constant-temperature test chamber simulates low-temperature constant-temperature hydrogen operating conditions and a low-temperature constant-temperature cold-start environment, meeting testing requirements under different conditions. The refrigerant temperature can be freely adjusted for testing conditions. The cold-side gas circulation subsystem, hot-side liquid circulation subsystem, low-temperature constant-temperature test chamber, and refrigerator simulate different testing conditions according to testing requirements, solving the problem that existing technologies cannot meet the testing requirements of hydrogen preheaters. The connection to the hydrogen preheater performance testing system via a wheel hub facilitates mobility and provides convenient conditions for testing. Attached Figure Description

[0045] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0046] Figure 1 This is a structural block diagram of a hydrogen preheater performance test system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 2 This is a structural block diagram of another hydrogen preheater performance test system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the heat exchange flow pattern of the hot-side liquid circulation subsystem in the hydrogen preheater performance test system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0049] Figure 4 This is a simplified model diagram of a test bench according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 5 This is a simplified front view of a test bench according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 6 This is a simplified right view of a test bench according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0052] Figure 7 This is a simplified top view of a test bench according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 8 This is an auxiliary view of a simplified model of the test bench according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0054] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0055] This embodiment provides a hydrogen preheater performance testing system. Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the hydrogen preheater performance test system, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the system includes:

[0056] The system comprises a cold-side gas circulation subsystem 1, a hot-side liquid circulation subsystem 2, a low-temperature constant-temperature test chamber 3, and a refrigerator 4. The cold-side gas circulation subsystem 1 includes a low-pressure regulating tank 12, a compressor 14, a high-pressure regulating tank 11, and a first heat exchanger 13, all connected sequentially via pipelines. The hot-side liquid circulation subsystem 2 includes a temperature regulating tank 21 and a first circulation pump 22, all connected sequentially via pipelines. The low-temperature constant-temperature test chamber 3 includes a hydrogen preheater test piece 31, which has a head gas-side port 311, a head liquid-side port 312, a tail gas-side port 313, and a tail section. Liquid-side port 314; the low-pressure regulating tank 12 is connected to the head gas-side port 311 of the hydrogen preheater test piece 31 via a pipeline, and a pressure valve 15 is provided on the pipeline between the low-pressure regulating tank 12 and the head gas-side port 31 of the hydrogen preheater test piece 31; the first heat exchanger 13 is connected to the refrigerator 4 and the tail gas-side port 313 of the hydrogen preheater test piece 31 via pipelines; the temperature regulating tank 21 is connected to the head liquid-side port 312 of the hydrogen preheater test piece 31 via a pipeline, and the first circulating pump 22 is connected to the tail liquid-side port 314 of the hydrogen preheater test piece via a pipeline.

[0057] Specifically, the gas in the cold-side gas circulation subsystem 1 can be either hydrogen or helium. To avoid the flammability and explosiveness of hydrogen and improve test safety, helium can be used instead of hydrogen in the test. Since helium is used for testing, while the actual working medium is hydrogen, the test results need to be calculated using hydrogen-helium equivalent conversion to determine its actual performance. The compressor is a variable frequency compressor. The temperature of the helium can be adjusted and cooled by the refrigeration unit 4 according to test requirements, typically to -30℃. The pressure valve 15 can be a pressure reducing valve, and the pressure of the helium can be adjusted through the pressure valve 15, the variable frequency compressor, the low-pressure regulating tank 12, the compressor 14, and the high-pressure regulating tank 11, with a pressure range of 0.5MPa to 1MPa. The flow rate of the helium can be adjusted by the frequency of the variable frequency compressor and the opening degree of the pressure valve 15.

[0058] The hot-side liquid circulation subsystem 2 can use antifreeze, such as a 50% mass concentration ethylene glycol aqueous solution, as the hot-side liquid. The operating temperature in the hot-side liquid circulation subsystem 2 is typically around 70°C, and the temperature is controlled by adjusting the output power of the temperature control tank 21. The flow rate of the ethylene glycol aqueous solution in the hot-side liquid circulation subsystem 2 is regulated by the first circulation pump 22. The first circulation pump 22 is a variable frequency circulation pump. The temperature control tank 21 can be implemented as a temperature expansion tank, which can buffer pressure changes caused by temperature variations in the test system.

[0059] The hydrogen preheater test piece 31 in the low-temperature constant temperature test chamber 3 can simulate a low-temperature constant temperature environment, maximizing the simulation of low-temperature hydrogen working conditions and low-temperature cold start environment.

[0060] All subsystems in the experimental system are cyclic subsystems, which can realize cyclic testing, avoid waste of helium and ethylene glycol aqueous solution during use, and maximize resource utilization.

[0061] The hydrogen preheater performance testing system provided in this embodiment of the invention has two testing conditions: ambient temperature testing condition and low temperature testing condition. Ambient temperature testing condition refers to the hydrogen preheater test piece 31 being tested in an ambient temperature environment when the low temperature constant temperature test chamber 3 is not operating. Low temperature testing condition refers to the hydrogen preheater test piece 31 being placed in the low temperature constant temperature test chamber 3, with the chamber providing the required ambient temperature, which can be controlled down to -30℃.

[0062] The hydrogen preheater performance testing system provided in this invention allows for temperature regulation of the cold-side gas using a low-pressure regulating tank, compressor, high-pressure regulating tank, and first heat exchanger within the cold-side gas circulation subsystem, based on testing requirements. Similarly, the temperature of the hot-side liquid can be regulated using a temperature regulating tank and a first circulation pump connected sequentially via pipelines. The low-temperature constant-temperature test chamber simulates low-temperature constant-temperature hydrogen operation and a low-temperature constant-temperature cold-start environment, meeting testing requirements under various conditions. The chiller allows for free adjustment of the cold-side gas temperature. The cold-side gas circulation subsystem, hot-side liquid circulation subsystem, low-temperature constant-temperature test chamber, and chiller simulate different testing conditions according to testing needs, solving the problem that existing technologies cannot meet the testing requirements of hydrogen preheaters.

[0063] In one alternative implementation, Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the hydrogen preheater performance test system, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the hydrogen preheater performance test system also includes a water circulation subsystem 5, which comprises a second heat exchanger 51, a water tank 52, and a second circulation pump 53 connected sequentially via pipelines. The second circulation pump 53 is connected to the chiller 4 via pipelines, and the second heat exchanger 51 is connected to the low-pressure regulating tank 12 and the gas-side port 311 at the head of the hydrogen preheater test piece 31 via pipelines. The second heat exchanger 51 serves as an auxiliary cooler. The water circulation subsystem 5 flows sequentially through the second heat exchanger 51, the water tank 52, and the second circulation pump 53 through the chiller 4, carrying away the residual heat in the chiller 4 and continuing to cool the hydrogen after heat exchange, thus reducing the load on the compressor. The water tank 52 includes a heat dissipation device, which can be implemented using a radiator.

[0064] In one alternative implementation, such as Figure 2As shown, the low-temperature constant temperature test chamber also includes: a first flexible hose, a second flexible hose, a first liquid-side connector, a second liquid-side connector, a first clamp, a second clamp, a third clamp, and a fourth clamp. The first liquid-side connector includes a first chuck and a first connector; the second liquid-side connector includes a second chuck and a second connector. One end of the first flexible hose is connected to the head liquid-side port, and the other end of the first flexible hose is sleeved on the first connector and fixedly connected by the first clamp. The first chuck is fixedly connected to the pipeline between the temperature regulating tank and the hydrogen preheater test piece by the second clamp. One end of the second flexible hose is connected to the tail liquid-side port, and the other end of the second flexible hose is sleeved on the second connector and fixedly connected by the second clamp. The second chuck is fixedly connected to the pipeline between the first circulating pump and the hydrogen preheater test piece by the fourth clamp. In the test system, corrugated pipes can be used for other pipelines besides the first and second flexible hoses. The use of flexible hoses to connect to the hydrogen preheater test piece ensures the airtightness of the connection. The use of clamps to connect the chuck to the corrugated pipe ensures the firmness of the connection, providing a basis for providing a sealed environment for the test system.

[0065] In one alternative implementation, such as Figure 2 As shown, a vacuum filling port is provided on the pipeline between the second heat exchanger and the gas-side port of the hydrogen preheater test piece. Specifically, the vacuum filling port is used to provide a vacuum interface for the cold-side gas circulation subsystem, and the pressure valve is opened during the electric filling process of vacuum filling.

[0066] In one alternative implementation, such as Figure 2As shown, the cold-side gas circulation subsystem also includes: a first temperature sensor 16, a second temperature sensor 17, a third temperature sensor 18, a first pressure sensor 19, and a second pressure sensor 61; the first temperature sensor 16 and the first pressure sensor 19 are both connected to the low-pressure regulating tank 12; the second temperature sensor 17 and the second pressure sensor 61 are both connected to the high-pressure regulating tank 11; the third temperature sensor 18 is connected to the first heat exchanger 13; the first, second, and third temperature sensors are all temperature sensors with temperature probes; the first and second pressure sensors are pressure sensors with pressure probes. Specifically, the high-pressure regulating tank 11, in conjunction with the low-pressure regulating tank 12, can provide a certain degree of pressure regulation under a given gas volume. The temperatures of the low-pressure regulating tank 12, the high-pressure regulating tank 11, and the first heat exchanger 13 are monitored by a first temperature sensor 16, a second temperature sensor 17, and a third temperature sensor 18, respectively. The pressures of the low-pressure regulating tank 12 and the high-pressure regulating tank 11 are monitored by a first pressure sensor 19 and a second pressure sensor 61, respectively. When the pressure does not reach the required test value, the pressure of the low-pressure regulating tank 12 and the high-pressure regulating tank 11 is adjusted by a pressure valve 15 to regulate the pressure of the cold-side gas circulation subsystem. The temperature and pressure sensors with probes facilitate monitoring of the internal temperature and pressure of the low-pressure regulating tank 12 and the high-pressure regulating tank 11, improving the accuracy of the test results.

[0067] In one alternative implementation, such as Figure 2 As shown, the hot-side liquid circulation subsystem also includes: a heating rod 23, a fourth temperature sensor 24, a third pressure sensor 25, and a flange valve 26; the fourth temperature sensor 24 is a temperature sensor with a temperature probe; the third pressure sensor 25 is a pressure sensor with a pressure probe; the temperature regulating tank includes a cavity and a regulating port; the heating rod is embedded in the cavity of the temperature regulating tank; the temperature probe of the fourth temperature sensor and the pressure probe of the third pressure sensor are installed in the cavity of the temperature regulating tank; the flange valve is installed in the regulating port of the temperature regulating tank. Specifically, the heating rod can be an electrically heated flange heating rod. The flange valve 26 can be a pressure relief valve. The hot-side liquid circulation subsystem heats up by turning on the heating rod, which is achieved through electric heating. The fourth temperature sensor 24 and the third pressure sensor 25 monitor the condition inside the temperature regulating tank in real time to avoid high temperature and high pressure. When high temperature and high pressure occur, the flange valve is opened to reduce the temperature and pressure of the temperature regulating tank.

[0068] In one alternative implementation, such as Figure 2As shown, the low-temperature constant temperature test chamber also includes: a fifth temperature sensor 32, a sixth temperature sensor 33, a seventh temperature sensor 34, an eighth temperature sensor 35, a fourth pressure sensor 36, a fifth pressure sensor 37, a first differential pressure gauge 38, and a second differential pressure gauge 39; the fifth temperature sensor is connected to the gas-side port at the head of the hydrogen preheater test piece and is used to monitor the temperature of the gas-side port at the head of the hydrogen preheater test piece; the sixth temperature sensor and the fourth pressure sensor are both connected to the gas-side port at the tail of the hydrogen preheater test piece and are used to monitor the temperature and pressure of the gas-side port at the tail of the hydrogen preheater test piece, respectively; the first differential pressure gauge is... A first differential pressure gauge, positioned between the fifth and sixth temperature sensors and connected to the fourth pressure sensor, is used to monitor the pressure difference between the head and tail gas-side ports of the hydrogen preheater test piece. A seventh temperature sensor and a fifth pressure sensor are connected to the head liquid-side port of the hydrogen preheater test piece and are used to monitor the temperature and pressure of the head liquid-side port, respectively. An eighth temperature sensor is connected to the tail liquid-side port of the hydrogen preheater test piece and is used to monitor the temperature of the tail liquid-side port. A second differential pressure gauge, positioned between the seventh and eighth temperature sensors and connected to the fifth pressure sensor, is used to monitor the pressure difference between the head and tail liquid-side ports of the hydrogen preheater test piece.

[0069] The fifth, sixth, seventh, and eighth temperature sensors are all temperature sensors with temperature probes; the fourth and fifth pressure sensors are both pressure sensors with pressure probes. These temperature and pressure sensors with probes facilitate monitoring the temperature and pressure at the head gas-side port, tail gas-side port, head liquid-side port, and tail liquid-side port of the hydrogen preheater test piece, thus improving the accuracy of the test results.

[0070] The cold-side gas circulation subsystem also includes a gas flow meter 62, which is installed on the pipeline between the low-pressure regulating tank and the hydrogen preheater test piece. The gas flow meter 62 is used to determine the helium flow rate and provide the basic data for heat exchange calculation. The hot-side liquid circulation subsystem also includes a liquid flow meter 27, which is installed on the pipeline between the first circulation pump and the hydrogen preheater test piece. The liquid flow meter 27 is used to determine the flow rate of the hot-side ethylene glycol antifreeze.

[0071] The low-temperature constant temperature test chamber also includes a first valve 41, a second valve 42, a third valve 43, a fourth valve 44, and two connecting pipes. The first valve is located on the pipe between the temperature regulating tank and the head liquid-side port of the hydrogen preheater test piece. The second valve is located on the pipe between the tail liquid-side port of the hydrogen preheater test piece and the liquid flow meter. The two connecting pipes include a first connecting pipe and a second connecting pipe, both of which are located between the head liquid-side port and the tail liquid-side port of the hydrogen preheater test piece. The third valve is located on the first connecting pipe, and the fourth valve is located on the second connecting pipe. Specifically, as shown... Figure 3 As shown, the first valve 41, the second valve 42, the third valve 43, and the fourth valve 44 correspond to valves V-1, V-2, V-3, and V-4, respectively. When valves V-1 and V-2 are open and V-3 and V-4 are closed, the heat exchange flow pattern is counter-current heat exchange; when valves V-1 and V-2 are closed and V-3 and V-4 are open, the heat exchange flow pattern is co-current heat exchange. The heat exchange flow pattern can be changed according to the testing requirements.

[0072] As one or more specific application embodiments of the present invention, three types of tests are illustrated: steady-state heat transfer performance test (hereinafter referred to as steady-state heat transfer), flow resistance test (hereinafter referred to as cold-side resistance), and dynamic response time test. The test conditions for steady-state heat transfer and cold-side resistance of the hydrogen preheater performance test system are shown in Table 1:

[0073] Table 1 Test Condition Requirements

[0074]

[0075] Note: During the test, the helium inlet temperature fluctuated by ±0.5℃, that is, the temperature fluctuation at the gas side port of the hydrogen preheater test piece was ±0.5℃, the helium flow rate was ±3%, and the helium inlet pressure fluctuated by ±1%.

[0076] The ethylene glycol inlet temperature fluctuates by ±0.5℃, which means the liquid side port temperature at the head of the hydrogen preheater test piece fluctuates by ±0.5℃, and the ethylene glycol flow rate is ±1%.

[0077] I. Steady-state heat transfer performance test

[0078] Based on the specific operating conditions provided by the testing requirements, the hydrogen preheater performance test system is adjusted to the corresponding operating conditions. The typical steps for adjusting to the test conditions are as follows:

[0079] 1. Install the hydrogen preheater test piece required for testing.

[0080] 2. Confirm the testing environment conditions. If the testing is conducted at room temperature, the low-temperature constant temperature test chamber 3 will not operate. If the testing is conducted at low temperature, the temperature inside the low-temperature constant temperature test chamber needs to be adjusted to the required ambient temperature in advance.

[0081] 3. Start the first circulation pump 22 of the hot side liquid circulation subsystem 2, start the ethylene glycol circulation and adjust the flow rate according to the test conditions.

[0082] 4. Turn on the heating rod 23 to start heating. The hot side liquid circulation subsystem 2 heats up and controls the temperature and pressure by monitoring the fourth temperature sensor 24 and the third pressure sensor 25. When the temperature and pressure do not meet the test conditions, they are adjusted by the flange valve 26.

[0083] 5. Open the water circulation subsystem 5 to remove the residual heat from the chiller 4 during the test.

[0084] 6. The cold-side gas circulation subsystem 1 can be simultaneously turned on by the refrigerator 4 to circulate gas to the first heat exchanger 13 on the cold side for pre-cooling.

[0085] 7. By monitoring the fourth temperature sensor 24, the third pressure sensor 25, and the liquid flow meter 27, it was confirmed that the temperature, pressure, and flow rate of the hot-side liquid circulation subsystem 2 met the test requirements.

[0086] 8. The refrigeration temperature and pipeline pressure in the cold-side gas circulation subsystem 1 are confirmed by monitoring the first temperature sensor 16, the second temperature sensor 17, the first pressure sensor 19, and the second pressure sensor 61.

[0087] 9. Start the cold-side helium circulation by turning on compressor 14 in cold-side gas circulation subsystem 1.

[0088] 10. Adjust the pressure in the low-pressure regulating tank 12 by using the cold-side pressure valve 15, that is, adjust the suction pressure of the compressor.

[0089] 11. Adjust the frequency of compressor 14 to control the required helium flow rate.

[0090] 12. Continue to monitor the pressure values ​​of the first pressure sensor 19 and the second pressure sensor 61 to confirm the pressure of the cold side pipeline. Helium may be added (or released) as needed to reach the required test pressure.

[0091] 13. Stable heat exchange performance under the specified operating conditions can only be obtained after stable operation.

[0092] II. Flow Resistance Test

[0093] Flow resistance testing is used to measure the resistance of a fluid (gas or liquid) as it passes through a hydrogen preheater test piece.

[0094] The flow resistance test of the hydrogen preheater performance testing system includes cold-side flow resistance testing and hot-side flow resistance testing, which must be started at the required temperature and pressure. For example, in the cold-side flow resistance test, the inlet pressure and temperature of the cold-side helium are kept constant, and the flow rate is varied to obtain the pressure drop-flow rate curve. The hot-side flow resistance test is similar; the temperature of the ethylene glycol solution is controlled, and the pressure drop-flow rate curve of the ethylene glycol solution is obtained by varying the flow rate.

[0095] The cold-side flow resistance test procedure is as follows:

[0096] 1. Turn on the refrigeration unit 4 to start pre-cooling the first heat exchanger 13.

[0097] 2. The temperature of the first heat exchanger 13 is confirmed by monitoring the third temperature sensor 18, thereby confirming the refrigeration temperature of the refrigerator 4, and the compressor 14 of the cold side gas circulation subsystem is turned on to start helium circulation.

[0098] 3. The suction pressure and frequency of the compressor 14 are controlled by the pressure valve 15, thereby controlling the flow rate of the helium circulation.

[0099] 4. By monitoring the temperature and pressure sensors in the cold-side gas circulation subsystem, the flow rate, pressure, and temperature data under test conditions are confirmed, and the flow resistance test data are obtained by converting the resistance formula.

[0100] The hot-side flow resistance test procedure is as follows:

[0101] 1. Start the first circulation pump 22 of the hot side liquid circulation subsystem 2, that is, the pump that controls the ethylene glycol solution, and start the circulation of the ethylene glycol solution.

[0102] 2. Turn on the heating rod 23 of the hot side liquid circulation subsystem 2 for electric heating and start temperature rise and control.

[0103] 3. After confirming that the test conditions are met, start adjusting the flow rate and record the test data.

[0104] Furthermore, flow resistance testing can also be performed during operation. For example, by keeping the inlet temperature of the hot-side ethylene glycol solution constant and continuously adjusting the test conditions, flow resistance data can be obtained under steady-state heat exchange conditions. This allows for the acquisition of flow resistance curves for the hydrogen preheater test specimen at different flow rates during the heat exchange process.

[0105] The test procedure is the same as the steady-state heat transfer performance test. This test only targets the flow resistance of the cold-side helium gas. This is because the temperature change on the hot side is not significant during the heat transfer process. However, the temperature of the cold-side helium gas rises from -30℃ to above 60℃, exhibiting a significant temperature change, and this temperature change has a significant impact on the flow resistance.

[0106] III. Dynamic Response Time Test

[0107] The dynamic response time test aims to measure the response time of the hydrogen preheater test piece when it starts up in a low-temperature environment. Specifically, the hydrogen preheater test piece is placed in a -30°C cryogenic constant temperature test chamber 3, cryogenic helium is introduced and timing begins, and the time required until the temperature difference between the helium outlet temperature and the ethylene glycol inlet temperature reaches 3°C is recorded.

[0108] The dynamic response time test steps are as follows:

[0109] 1. Install the hydrogen preheater test piece 31 and place it in the low-temperature constant temperature test chamber 3.

[0110] 2. Control the ambient temperature inside the low-temperature constant temperature test chamber 3 to -30℃.

[0111] 3. Start heating rod 23 of hot-side liquid circulation subsystem 2 to begin heating.

[0112] 4. Open the water circulation subsystem 5 to remove the waste heat from the chiller 4, and at the same time start the chiller 4 for pre-cooling.

[0113] 5. Confirm the temperature of the ethylene glycol solution and the temperature of the refrigeration unit.

[0114] 6. Start the first circulation pump 22 of the hot side liquid circulation subsystem 2, which controls the ethylene glycol solution, and begin the circulation of the ethylene glycol solution.

[0115] 7. After confirming the inlet temperature of the liquid side port 312 at the head of the hydrogen preheater test piece 31, turn on the compressor 14 of the cold side gas circulation subsystem and quickly adjust the helium flow rate of the cold side gas circulation subsystem 1 to the flow rate corresponding to the operating condition.

[0116] 8. Obtain the temperature curve and required time for the hydrogen preheater test piece 31. The dynamic response time test is now complete.

[0117] The present invention also provides a test bench, including a hub 8, a power distribution box 9, and the aforementioned hydrogen preheater performance testing system; both the hub and the power distribution box are connected to the hydrogen preheater performance testing system. Specifically, Figure 4 A simplified diagram of the test bench model, such as Figure 4 As shown, the entire model is divided into two parts: the lower part is the cold-side gas circulation subsystem 1, and the upper part is the hot-side liquid circulation subsystem 2. 3 is a low-temperature constant-temperature test chamber where the hydrogen preheater test piece 31 is tested; 26 is a flange valve for the hot-side liquid circulation subsystem, which allows for the change of fluid flow direction within the heat exchanger. 9 is the power distribution box for the test bench, used to supply power to the hydrogen preheater performance testing system. The test bench also includes a sleeve 45; the helium in the cold-side gas circulation subsystem 1 is cooled by the refrigerator 4 connected to the second heat exchanger through the sleeve 45. Figure 5 As shown, this is a simplified front view of the test bench model. Figure 6As shown, this is a simplified right view of the test bench model, as... Figure 7 As shown, this is a simplified top view of the test bench model, as... Figure 8 The image shown is an auxiliary view of a simplified model of the test bench.

[0118] like Figure 4 As shown, 11 is a high-pressure regulating tank, which, together with the low-pressure regulating tank 12, provides a certain degree of pressure regulation under a given gas volume. Specifically, the pressure of the cold-side gas circulation subsystem 1 is regulated by adjusting the pressure of the low-pressure regulating tank 12 via the pressure valve 15. The heated helium gas can be cooled by the second heat exchanger 51 to prevent excessively high compressor suction temperature. 62 is a gas flow meter, which determines the helium flow rate and provides the basic data for heat exchange calculations. 27 is a liquid-side flow meter, which provides the flow rate of the hot-side ethylene glycol antifreeze. 21 is a temperature regulating tank, which includes a heating rod, a fourth temperature sensor, a third pressure sensor, and a flange valve. Liquid-side heating is achieved through the heating rod inside the temperature regulating tank, and the temperature and pressure inside the tank are monitored in real time by the fourth temperature sensor and the third pressure sensor to prevent high temperature and high pressure. 22 is the first circulation pump, also known as the liquid-side ethylene glycol solution pump, which provides power for the circulation of a 50% mass concentration ethylene glycol solution. This pump achieves variable flow rate regulation through frequency conversion. 41, 42, 43, and 44 correspond to valves V-1, V-2, V-3, and V-4 in Table 1, respectively. When valves V-1 and V-2 are open and V-3 and V-4 are closed, the heat exchange flow pattern is counter-current heat exchange; conversely, it is co-current heat exchange. The hub 8 connects to the hydrogen preheater performance testing system, facilitating easy movement and providing convenient conditions for testing needs.

[0119] Although embodiments of the invention have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and such modifications and variations all fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A hydrogen preheater performance testing system, characterized in that, The system includes: a cold-side gas circulation subsystem, a hot-side liquid circulation subsystem, a low-temperature constant temperature test chamber, and a refrigerator; The cold-side gas circulation subsystem includes: a low-pressure regulating tank, a compressor, a high-pressure regulating tank, and a first heat exchanger connected in sequence by pipelines; The hot-side liquid circulation subsystem includes: a temperature regulating tank and a first circulation pump connected in sequence by pipelines; The low-temperature constant temperature test chamber includes: a hydrogen preheater test piece, which is provided with a head gas-side port, a head liquid-side port, a tail gas-side port and a tail liquid-side port; The low-pressure regulating tank is connected to the head gas-side port of the hydrogen preheater test piece via a pipeline, and a pressure valve is provided on the pipeline between the low-pressure regulating tank and the head gas-side port of the hydrogen preheater test piece; the first heat exchanger is connected to the refrigerator and the tail gas-side port of the hydrogen preheater test piece via pipelines. The temperature regulating tank is connected to the head liquid-side port of the hydrogen preheater test piece via a pipeline, and the first circulating pump is connected to the tail liquid-side port of the hydrogen preheater test piece via a pipeline. The low-temperature constant temperature test chamber also includes a first valve, a second valve, a third valve, a fourth valve, and two connecting pipes; The first valve is installed on the pipeline between the temperature regulating tank and the head liquid-side port of the hydrogen preheater test piece; the second valve is installed on the pipeline between the tail liquid-side port of the hydrogen preheater test piece and the liquid flow meter. The two connecting pipelines include a first connecting pipeline and a second connecting pipeline. Both the first connecting pipeline and the second connecting pipeline are located between the head liquid-side port and the tail liquid-side port of the hydrogen preheater test piece. The third valve is located on the first connecting pipeline, and the fourth valve is located on the second connecting pipeline.

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The system also includes: A water circulation subsystem, comprising: a second heat exchanger, a water tank, and a second circulation pump connected in sequence via pipelines; The second circulating pump is connected to the refrigeration unit via a pipeline, and the second heat exchanger is connected to the low-pressure regulating tank and the head gas-side port of the hydrogen preheater test piece via pipelines.

3. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The low-temperature constant temperature test chamber further includes: a first hose, a second hose, a first liquid-side connector, a second liquid-side connector, a first clamp, a second clamp, a third clamp, and a fourth clamp; the first liquid-side connector includes a first chuck and a first connector; the second liquid-side connector includes a second chuck and a second connector; One end of the first hose is connected to the liquid side port of the head, and the other end of the first hose is sleeved on the first connector and fixedly connected by the first clamp. The first chuck is fixedly connected to the pipeline between the temperature regulating tank and the hydrogen preheater test piece by the second clamp. One end of the second hose is connected to the liquid side port at the tail end, and the other end of the second hose is sleeved on the second connector and fixedly connected by the second clamp. The second chuck is fixedly connected to the pipeline between the first circulating pump and the hydrogen preheater test piece by the fourth clamp.

4. The system according to claim 2, characterized in that, A vacuum filling port is provided on the pipeline between the second heat exchanger and the gas-side port of the head of the hydrogen preheater test piece.

5. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cold-side gas circulation subsystem further includes: a first temperature sensor, a second temperature sensor, a third temperature sensor, a first pressure sensor, and a second pressure sensor; Both the first temperature sensor and the first pressure sensor are connected to the low-pressure regulating tank; Both the second temperature sensor and the second pressure sensor are connected to the high-pressure regulating tank; The third temperature sensor is connected to the first heat exchanger; The first temperature sensor, the second temperature sensor, and the third temperature sensor are all temperature sensors with temperature probes; the first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor are pressure sensors with pressure probes.

6. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hot-side liquid circulation subsystem further includes: a heating rod, a fourth temperature sensor, a third pressure sensor, and a flange valve; the fourth temperature sensor is a temperature sensor with a temperature probe; the third pressure sensor is a pressure sensor with a pressure probe. The temperature regulating tank includes a cavity and a regulating port; The heating rod is embedded into the temperature regulating tank cavity; The temperature probe of the fourth temperature sensor and the pressure probe of the third pressure sensor are installed inside the temperature regulating tank cavity; the flange valve is installed at the regulating port of the temperature regulating tank.

7. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The low-temperature constant temperature test chamber also includes: a fifth temperature sensor, a sixth temperature sensor, a seventh temperature sensor, an eighth temperature sensor, a fourth pressure sensor, a fifth pressure sensor, a first differential pressure gauge, and a second differential pressure gauge; The fifth temperature sensor is connected to the gas-side port at the head of the hydrogen preheater test piece. The sixth temperature sensor and the fourth pressure sensor are both connected to the tail gas-side port of the hydrogen preheater test piece; the first differential pressure gauge is located between the fifth temperature sensor and the sixth temperature sensor and is connected to the fourth pressure sensor. The seventh temperature sensor and the fifth pressure sensor are connected to the head liquid-side port of the hydrogen preheater test piece. The eighth temperature sensor is connected to the liquid-side port at the tail end of the hydrogen preheater test piece; the second differential pressure gauge is located between the seventh and eighth temperature sensors and is connected to the fifth pressure sensor.

8. The system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The fifth, sixth, seventh, and eighth temperature sensors are all temperature sensors with temperature probes; the fourth and fifth pressure sensors are both pressure sensors with pressure probes.

9. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cold-side gas circulation subsystem also includes a gas flow meter, which is installed on the pipeline between the low-pressure regulating tank and the hydrogen preheater test piece; The hot-side liquid circulation subsystem also includes a liquid flow meter, which is installed on the pipeline between the first circulation pump and the hydrogen preheater test piece.

10. A test stand, characterized in that, It includes a wheel hub, a power distribution box, and a hydrogen preheater performance testing system as described in any one of claims 1 to 9; both the wheel hub and the power distribution box are connected to the hydrogen preheater performance testing system.

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