A method for preparing a high-loading metal monatomic catalyst and applications thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a method for preparing a high-load metal monatomic catalyst and application, and comprises the following steps: S1, synthesis of ZIF-8; S2, collecting ZIF-8 powder obtained in the step S1 and then pyrolyzing; S3, using an impregnation method to place the powder obtained in the step S2 in a concentrated sulfuric acid solution to reflux for 16-20 hours, so as to peel off Zn coordinated with N, and then washing and drying with deionized water, thereby obtaining an NC matrix with a large number of vacancies; S4, introducing a metal element; S5, placing the metal-NC after washing in a concentrated sulfuric acid solution to sufficiently remove physically adsorbed metal ions, and then thoroughly washing and drying; S6, mixing dicyandiamide with the powder obtained in the step S5 and grinding, and then placing the mixed powder in an H2-containing N2 gas atmosphere to pyrolyze, and naturally cooling to room temperature; the application provides a "three-high" metal monatomic catalyst with high load, high oxidase-like activity and high stability, and the catalyst can resist bacteria and cancer without the assistance of an external field.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of biological medicine, and particularly relates to a method for preparing a high-load metal single-atom catalyst and application. BACKGROUND

[0002] In recent years, nanomedicine has attracted much attention. However, due to the complex material composition and structure of most nano-catalysts, it is difficult to determine the catalytic active sites, which brings many difficulties to the exploration of catalytic mechanism. At the same time, the more complex the composition of medical nanomaterials is, the more difficult it is to transform clinically. The goal of catalyst design should be to achieve the best therapeutic effect with the simplest material composition and the most convenient treatment method. Therefore, single-atom catalysts (SAC) with a designable active center, ultra-high atom utilization rate, and simple composition and structure show great potential in the medical field.

[0003] Obviously, increasing the number of active sites can improve the overall catalytic efficiency and enhance the therapeutic effect. However, during the synthesis of single-atom catalysts, a large increase in metal content will lead to the generation of metal clusters, which is not conducive to the formation of single-atom sites. Therefore, the metal content of SAC in biomedical applications is relatively low, usually about 2%, or even less than 1%. Therefore, it is imperative to develop a method for synthesizing high-load SAC for medical applications.

[0004] Microorganisms are ubiquitous in human living environments and can invade the human body through various pathways, causing a series of diseases. Therefore, bacterial infection is one of the most common diseases in humans. At present, although there are various types of antibacterial treatment drugs, their low antibacterial efficiency, complex treatment process, and high cost greatly hinder the clinical application of antibacterial treatment drugs. Some medical catalysts have the ability of broad-spectrum antibacterial activity and drug resistance avoidance. However, the action of most catalysts requires the assistance of external fields such as infrared, photothermal, and ultrasound, which greatly limits the convenience of material utilization. Therefore, it is imperative to develop SAC that can achieve ultra-high efficacy without the assistance of external fields. SUMMARY

[0005] In view of the above problems, the present application provides a "three-high" metal single-atom catalyst with high load, high oxidase-like activity, and high stability, which can resist bacteria and cancer without the assistance of external fields.

[0006] To achieve this purpose, the present application provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] In a first aspect of the present application, a method for preparing a high-load metal single-atom catalyst is provided, comprising the following steps:

[0008] S1, synthesis of ZIF-8, zinc nitrate hexahydrate and dimethyl imidazole are simultaneously added into a methanol solution and stirred at room temperature, then centrifuged, washed, dried, and the synthesized precursor ZIF-8 is obtained;

[0009] S2, the ZIF-8 powder obtained in step S1 is collected and pyrolyzed under a nitrogen atmosphere;

[0010] S3, the powder obtained in step S2 is placed in a concentrated sulfuric acid solution by using an immersion method for 16-20 hours to exfoliate the Zn coordinated with N, and then washed with deionized water and dried to obtain an NC matrix with a large number of vacancies;

[0011] S4, introduction of metal elements to obtain metal-NC;

[0012] S5, after washing the metal-NC, it is placed in a concentrated sulfuric acid solution to sufficiently remove the physically adsorbed metal ions, and then thoroughly washed and dried;

[0013] S6, dicyandiamide is mixed with the powder obtained in step S5 and ground, and then the mixed powder is pyrolyzed in an N2 gas atmosphere containing H2, and after natural cooling to room temperature, a metal monatomic catalyst is obtained.

[0014] Preferably, in steps S2 and S6, the pyrolysis conditions are: 900-1000℃, 1-2h in a tube furnace, and the heating rate is 3-4K / min.

[0015] Preferably, in step S3, the concentrated sulfuric acid is 2M-3M.

[0016] Preferably, step S4 includes: dispersing the NC obtained in step S3 in methanol containing the same mass of metal compounds, and refluxing the mixture for 16-20 hours under continuous stirring to obtain metal-NC.

[0017] Preferably, the metal includes iron, aluminum, magnesium, potassium, sodium, calcium, strontium, barium, copper, lead, zinc, tin, cobalt, nickel, antimony, mercury, cadmium, bismuth, gold, silver, platinum, ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, osmium, iridium, beryllium, lithium, rubidium, cesium, titanium, zirconium, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, tungsten, molybdenum, gallium, indium, thallium, germanium, rhenium, lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium, neodymium, samarium, europium, gadolinium, terbium, dysprosium, holmium, erbium, thulium, ytterbium, lutetium, scandium, yttrium, thorium.

[0018] Preferably, the metal is iron, and the metal compound is ferrous chloride tetrahydrate.

[0019] Preferably, in step S5, the concentrated sulfuric acid is 0.5M-1M.

[0020] Preferably, in step S6, the mass ratio of dicyandiamide to the powder obtained in step S5 is 1:(2-3).

[0021] In a second aspect of the present application, the application provides a use of the high-loading metal monatomic catalyst prepared by the method of the present application in the preparation of an antibacterial and anticancer drug.

[0022] Preferably, the bacteria include Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and the cancer cells include human metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma cells, human renal cell adenocarcinoma cells, human renal clear cell adenocarcinoma cells, human colon cancer cells, and human lung adenocarcinoma cells.

[0023] Preferably, the method for preparing the metal monatomic catalyst comprises the following steps:

[0024] S1, synthesis of ZIF-8, zinc nitrate hexahydrate and dimethyl imidazole are simultaneously added to a methanol solution and stirred at room temperature, and then centrifuged, washed, and dried to obtain the synthesized precursor ZIF-8;

[0025] S2, under a nitrogen atmosphere, the ZIF-8 powder obtained in step S1 is collected and then pyrolyzed;

[0026] S3, the powder obtained in step S2 is placed in a concentrated sulfuric acid solution by the immersion method for 16-20 hours to exfoliate the Zn coordinated with N, and then washed with deionized water and dried to obtain an NC matrix with a large number of vacancies;

[0027] S4, introduction of a metal element to obtain a metal-NC;

[0028] S5, after washing the metal-NC, it is placed in a concentrated sulfuric acid solution to sufficiently remove the physically adsorbed metal ions, and then thoroughly washed and dried;

[0029] S6, dicyandiamide is mixed with the powder obtained in step S5 and ground, and then the mixed powder is pyrolyzed under an N2 gas atmosphere containing H2, and after natural cooling to room temperature, a metal monatomic catalyst is obtained.

[0030] Preferably, in steps S2 and S6, the pyrolysis conditions are: in a tube furnace, 900-1000℃, 1-2h, and the heating rate is 3-4K / min.

[0031] Preferably, in step S3, the concentrated sulfuric acid is 2M-3M.

[0032] Preferably, step S4 comprises: dispersing the NC obtained in step S3 in methanol containing the same mass of metal compounds, and refluxing the mixture for 16-20 hours under continuous stirring to obtain a metal-NC.

[0033] Preferably, the metal comprises iron, aluminum, magnesium, potassium, sodium, calcium, strontium, barium, copper, lead, zinc, tin, cobalt, nickel, antimony, mercury, cadmium, bismuth, gold, silver, platinum, ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, osmium, iridium, beryllium, lithium, rubidium, cesium, titanium, zirconium, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, tungsten, molybdenum, gallium, indium, thallium, germanium, rhenium, lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium, neodymium, samarium, europium, gadolinium, terbium, dysprosium, holmium, erbium, ytterbium, lutetium, scandium, yttrium, thorium.

[0034] Preferably, the metal is iron, and the metal compound is ferrous chloride tetrahydrate.

[0035] Preferably, in step S5, the concentration of the sulfuric acid is 0.5M-1M.

[0036] Preferably, in step S6, the mass ratio of dicyandiamide to the powder obtained in step S5 is 1:(2-3).

[0037] In a third aspect of the present application, a method for catalytic activity of oxidase-like enzyme of a high-loading metal monatomic catalyst prepared by the method of the present application is provided, which directly acts without the assistance of an external field (infrared, photothermal, ultrasound, etc.) to produce the catalytic activity of oxidase-like enzyme.

[0038] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects and significant progress of the technical solution of the present application are as follows:

[0039] 1. In the metal monatomic catalyst prepared by the method of the present application, the metal is dispersed in the carbon-nitrogen matrix in the form of a single atom, and the later electron microscope results show the existence of a large number of metal monatomic sites.

[0040] 2. In the metal monatomic catalyst prepared by the method of the present application, the later ICP-OES test results show that the iron loading is greatly improved, and the metal loading is 6.27wt%.

[0041] 3. The metal monatomic catalyst prepared by the method of the present application has super-high catalytic activity of oxidase-like enzyme without the assistance of an external field, and also has stability.

[0042] 4. The metal monatomic catalyst prepared by the method of the present application shows good curative effect in antibacterial treatment, and the average wound healing rate is as high as 97.84%, and also has good biological safety. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0043] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, the drawings used in the embodiments of the present application will be briefly introduced as follows.

[0044] Figure 1 is a scanning electron microscope (SEM) image of the high-loading iron monatomic catalyst of Example 2 of the present application;

[0045] Figure 2 is an X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern of the high-loading iron monatomic catalyst of Example 2 of the present application;

[0046] Figure 3 is a morphology and structure image of the high-loading iron monatomic catalyst of Example 2 of the present application;

[0047] Figure 4 is a Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrum of the high-loading iron monatomic catalyst of Example 2 of the present application;

[0048] Figure 5 is an electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectrum of the high-loading iron monatomic catalyst of Example 2 of the present application;

[0049] Figure 6 is an h 3 - Photos of colony plating of S. aureus and P. aeruginosa bacteria and control group treated with FNC;

[0050] Figure 7 is an h 3 - Morphological changes of S. aureus and P. aeruginosa bacteria after treatment with FNC (SEM images);

[0051] Figure 8 is an h 3 - Photos of untreated and h 3 - Graph of total number of colonies in wounds of mice model of bacterial infection treated with FNC;

[0052] Figure 9 is an h 3 - Photos of wound healing at different days after treatment of bacterial infection in mice wounds with FNC;

[0053] Figure 10 is an h 3 - Photos of hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) and Masson staining of wounds after treatment of bacterial infection in mice wounds with FNC;

[0054] Figure 11 is an h 3 - Photos of hematoxylin-eosin staining of heart, liver, spleen, lung and kidney after treatment of bacterial infection in mice wounds with FNC;

[0055] Figure 12 is an h 3 - Killing effect of FNC on various tumor cells. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0056] The present application is further described in conjunction with the following specific examples. The examples are intended to be illustrative only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application. Furthermore, it is to be understood that various modifications and changes can be devised by those skilled in the art who are familiar with the technology into which this application pertains, and that the scope of the present application is to be limited only by the appended claims.

[0057] Example 1 Preparation of high loading iron single atom catalyst

[0058] A method for synthesizing a high loading iron single atom catalyst is carried out in the following steps:

[0059] Step one: synthesis of ZIF-8, 5.95g of zinc nitrate hexahydrate and 6.57g of dimethylimidazole are simultaneously added into 300ml of methanol solution and stirred at room temperature for 6 hours, then centrifuged, washed, and dried to obtain the synthesized precursor ZIF-8;

[0060] Step two: under a nitrogen atmosphere, the powder obtained in step one is collected into a crucible, then placed in a tube furnace for pyrolysis at 900 degrees Celsius for 1 hour (heating rate of 3K / min);

[0061] Step three: using the immersion method, the powder obtained in step two is placed in a 2M concentrated sulfuric acid solution for refluxing for 16-20 hours to exfoliate the Zn coordinated with N, then washed with deionized water and dried to obtain the NC matrix with a large number of vacancies;

[0062] Step four: introduction of Fe element, 0.5g of NC is dispersed in 200ml of methanol containing the same mass of ferrous chloride tetrahydrate, and the mixture is refluxed for 16-20 hours under continuous stirring to obtain Fe-NC;

[0063] Step five: after washing the Fe-NC, it is placed in a 0.5M concentrated sulfuric acid solution for 12 hours to fully remove the physically adsorbed Fe ions, then thoroughly washed and dried;

[0064] Step six: dicyandiamide is mixed with the powder obtained in step five in a mass ratio of 1:2 and ground for 15 minutes, then the mixed powder is activated at 900 degrees Celsius for 1 hour (heating rate of 3K / min) under a N2 gas atmosphere containing 5% H2. After natural cooling to room temperature, the final catalyst high loading iron single atom catalyst (abbreviated as h 3 -FNC) is obtained.

[0065] Example 2 Basic characteristics of high loading iron single atom catalyst

[0066] 2.1, scanning electron microscope (SEM) image of high loading iron single atom catalyst

[0067] The high-loading iron single-atom catalyst prepared in Example 1 was placed under scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results, as shown in Figure 1 3 The h

[0068] 2.2. X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern of the high-loading iron single-atom catalyst

[0069] The high-loading iron single-atom catalyst prepared in Example 1 was placed under X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results, as shown in Figure 2 3 The h

[0070] 2.3. Morphology and structure of the high-loading iron single-atom catalyst

[0071] As shown in Figure 3 Figure 3 a is the transmission electron microscope (TEM) image of the obtained catalyst, Figure 3 b shows the annular dark field scanning transmission electron microscope (AC HAADF-STEM) image of the catalyst, where the bright single dots indicate the presence of single-atom Fe, thus it can be seen that a large number of Fe single atoms are uniformly dispersed in the entire carbon matrix, and the strong signal intensity reflects the high Fe loading, which is determined to be 6.27wt% by ICP-OES test. As confirmed by electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS), Figure 3 c shows the clear Fe signal originating from a single iron atom in the blue box region. Figure 3 d shows the high-angle annular dark field scanning transmission electron microscope (HAADF-STEM) image of a single catalyst, where the elemental mapping scanning results, as shown in Figure 3 e-h, the obtained material contains elements such as C, N, Fe, O, etc.

[0072] 2.4. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrum of the high-loading iron single-atom catalyst

[0073] The h 3 -FNC prepared in Example 1 was detected for Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrum. Absorption peaks of C-N stretching vibration, C=C stretching and O-H stretching vibration were shown at 1394cm-1, 1632cm-1 and 3425cm-1, respectively. The results, as shown in Figure 4 indicate that the particle surface has a large number of hydroxyl groups after the introduction of Fe single atoms, which will be beneficial to its biomedical application.

[0074] ​​​2.5 Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectra of highly loaded iron single-atom catalysts

[0075] The h prepared in Example 1 3 -FNC, used to detect electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectra. For example... Figure 5 As shown, h obtained in Example 1 3 The EPR signal of -FNC clearly shows six characteristic peaks attributable to hydroperoxygen radicals (·OOH, formed by the transformation of superoxide anion) with a relative peak intensity ratio of 1:1:1:1:1:1:1:1, confirming that the catalyst has the activity of catalyzing the production of superoxide anion (O2·-) from oxygen.

[0076] Example 3

[0077] Experimental methods

[0078] h 3 - FNC treatment was used to treat two bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and a control group was set up to be treated with the same volume of physiological saline (no drug treatment);

[0079] Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were chosen as representatives of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, respectively. Both of these bacteria are major groups of bacteria that cause human diseases.

[0080] After the bacterial culture was incubated overnight at 37 degrees Celsius in LB medium, an appropriate amount of bacterial culture was taken for subculturing.

[0081] Take the logarithmic growth phase (OD) 600 =0.5,10 8 Colony Forming Units (CFU) mL -1 ) bacteria with 400 ppm h 3 -FNC was incubated in physiological saline at 37°C for 4 hours;

[0082] After incubation, the bacterial suspension was diluted and evenly spread on LB agar plates, and the colony counts were performed after incubation at 37°C for 19 hours. All experiments were repeated three times.

[0083] Experimental results

[0084] h 3 - Images of colony smears from FNC-treated Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, as well as a control group, such as... Figure 6 As shown. Compared with the control group, at h 3 In the presence of FNC, Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria died, and the number of colonies was significantly reduced, demonstrating excellent bactericidal effect.

[0085] h 3-FNC on the morphology of S. aureus and P. aeruginosa after treatment (SEM images), as shown in Figure 7 It can be seen that the bacteria are significantly shrunk, deformed and ruptured, indicating the obvious antibacterial effect of the catalyst.

[0086] Example 4

[0087] Experimental method

[0088] 4.1, Establish a mouse model of bacterial infection wound;

[0089] 4.2, Set up the experimental group as h 3 -FNC treatment of bacterial infection wound mouse model, control group is respectively no bacterial infection wound mouse model (control group), bacterial infection wound mouse model without treatment (untreated group);

[0090] 4.3, Take pictures to record the wound healing of mice in the experimental group and the control group at 0 days, 3 days, 6 days, 9 days and 10 days after treatment, respectively;

[0091] 4.3, Count the total number of wound colonies of mice in the experimental group and the control group (10 days);

[0092] 4.4, Collect the wound samples of mice in the experimental group and the control group (10 days) for hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) and Masson staining;

[0093] 4.5, Collect the samples of heart, liver, spleen, lung and kidney of mice in the experimental group and the control group (10 days) for hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining.

[0094] Experimental results

[0095] Figure 8 h 3 -FNC in the treatment of bacterial infection wound mouse model after treatment group and h 3 -FNC treatment group wound colony count chart. It can be seen that h 3 -FNC has obvious bacterial inhibition effect compared with the untreated group.

[0096] Figure 9 h 3 -FNC in the treatment of bacterial infection wound mouse model after treatment group and h 3 -FNC treatment of wound has obvious bacterial inhibition effect compared with other control groups, and the wound heals faster.

[0097] Figure 10 h 3-FNC images of hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) and Masson staining of wounds after treatment of bacterial infections in mice. h can be observed. 3 - In the FNC treatment group, keratinocytes migrated from normal tissue to the wound site, collagen deposition increased, and the epidermis of normal skin gradually thickened and became more intact after treatment.

[0098] Figure 11 h obtained in Example 1 3 -FNC images of the heart, liver, spleen, lungs, and kidneys stained with hematoxylin and eosin after treatment of bacterial wounds in mice. This shows the h obtained in Example 1. 3 -FNC has no significant effect on organs and exhibits good biocompatibility.

[0099] Example 5

[0100] Experimental methods

[0101] Human metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma cells (ASPC-1), human renal cell adenocarcinoma cells (769-P), human renal clear cell adenocarcinoma cells (786-O), human colon cancer cells (HCT116), and human lung adenocarcinoma cells (NCI-H1975) were cultured uniformly in 96-well cell culture plates and incubated at 37°C for 12 hours in a cell culture incubator containing 5% carbon dioxide.

[0102] Discard the culture medium from each well and prepare h with PBS buffer containing 1% FBS. 3 -FNC solution was added to each tumor cell type at concentrations of 3.125, 12.5, 50, and 200 ppm. The tumor cells were then treated with h... 3 -FNC was incubated at 37°C for 3 days in a cell culture incubator containing 5% carbon dioxide.

[0103] Discard the culture medium, wash three times with PBS, add fluorescent substrate and indicator in sequence, place on a microplate reader, and calculate the cell killing rate curve based on the fluorescence readings of the microplate reader.

[0104] Experimental results

[0105] Figure 12 h obtained in Example 1 3 -FNC's killing effect on various tumor cells. It can be found that at a certain concentration, h 3 -FNC has a significant killing effect on human metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma cells (ASPC-1), human renal cell adenocarcinoma cells (769-P), human renal clear cell adenocarcinoma cells (786-O), human colon cancer cells (HCT116), and human lung adenocarcinoma cells (NCI-H1975), with a killing rate of approximately 60% to 95%, indicating its good application potential in tumor treatment.

[0106] Applicant states that during the description of the above specification:

[0107] The description of the terms "the embodiments", "the embodiments of the present application", "as shown", "further", "further improved technical solutions" and the like means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in the embodiments or examples are contained in at least one embodiment or example of the present application; in the present specification, the illustrative description of the above terms is not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example, and the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined or combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner; in addition, the person skilled in the art can combine or combine the different embodiments or examples described in the specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples without causing contradiction.

[0108] Finally, it should be noted that:

[0109] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, but not to limit them;

[0110] Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or make equivalent replacement for part or all of the technical features, and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and the non-essential improvements and adjustments or replacements made by the person skilled in the art according to the content of the specification are all within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method of preparing a high loading metal monatomic catalyst, characterized by, The method comprises the following steps: S1, synthesis of ZIF-8, zinc nitrate hexahydrate and dimethyl imidazole are simultaneously added into a methanol solution and stirred at room temperature, and then centrifuged, washed and dried to obtain the synthesized precursor ZIF-8; S2, under a nitrogen atmosphere, the ZIF-8 powder obtained in step S1 is collected and pyrolyzed, the pyrolysis condition is that the temperature is 900-1000 DEG C, the time is 1-2 h, and the heating rate is 3-4 K / min in a tube furnace; S3, the powder obtained in step S2 is placed in a concentrated sulfuric acid solution by the impregnation method for 16-20 hours to exfoliate the Zn coordinated with N, and then washed with deionized water and dried to obtain the NC matrix with a large number of vacancies; S4, introduction of metal elements to obtain metal-NC; S5, after washing, the metal-NC is placed in a concentrated sulfuric acid solution to sufficiently remove the physically adsorbed metal ions, and then thoroughly washed and dried; S6, dicyandiamide and the powder obtained in step S5 are mixed and ground, and then the mixed powder is pyrolyzed under an N2 gas atmosphere containing H2, and after natural cooling to room temperature, the metal monatomic catalyst is obtained, the mass ratio of dicyandiamide to the powder obtained in step S5 is 1: (2-3), and the pyrolysis condition is that the temperature is 900-1000 DEG C, the time is 1-2 h, and the heating rate is 3-4 K / min in a tube furnace; Step S4 comprises: dispersing the NC obtained in step S3 in methanol containing the same mass of metal compound, and refluxing the mixture for 16-20 hours under continuous stirring to obtain metal-NC, the metal is iron, and the metal compound is ferrous chloride tetrahydrate.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the metal single-atom catalyst has a metal loading of 0.1- 10 wt%. In step S3, the concentrated sulfuric acid is 2M-3M.

3. The method of making a high loading metal monatomic catalyst of claim 1, wherein, In step S5, the concentrated sulfuric acid is 0.5M-1M.

4. The use of the high-loading metal monatomic catalyst prepared by the method of any one of claims 1-3 in the preparation of antibacterial and anticancer drugs.

5. The use according to claim 4, wherein the compound is ###0002### The bacteria include Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and the cancer cells include human metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma cells, human renal cell adenocarcinoma cells, human renal clear cell adenocarcinoma cells, human colon cancer cells and human lung adenocarcinoma cells.

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