A fluid centrifugal separation device

Abstract

This invention relates to a fluid centrifugal separation device, comprising a centrifugal separation chamber, a heavy component retention chamber 20, a heavy component sealing chamber, a fluid inlet, a heavy component outlet, and a light component outlet. The centrifugal separation chamber and the heavy component retention chamber are rotating chambers, arranged sequentially from the center of rotation outwards. The centrifugal separation chamber and the heavy component retention chamber are connected through a retention chamber inlet, and the heavy component retention chamber and the heavy component sealing chamber are connected through a retention chamber outlet. The heavy component sealing chamber is connected to the heavy component outlet, and the centrifugal separation chamber is connected to the fluid inlet and the light component outlet. The advantages of this invention are: the use of a multi-layer centrifugal chamber rotating centrifugal structure reduces fluid disturbance during centrifugation, improves the fluid centrifugal separation effect, and enables higher flow rate and purity, making it suitable for multi-component separation applications and achieving high-flow-rate, high-efficiency fluid separation for industrial applications.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fluid separation technology, and more particularly to a fluid centrifugal separation device. Background Technology

[0002] Centrifugal separators, through the high-speed rotation of the centrifuge, generate varying centrifugal forces at different radial positions (different radii) in mixtures of fluids with different densities. According to the principle of centrifugal force, at the same particle location (i.e., with equal radii), the centrifugal forces generated by components of different densities in the mixture are not the same; the greater the component density, the greater the centrifugal force. Even when the component densities are the same, the centrifugal forces generated differ depending on the location (radius) of the particle; the larger the radius, the greater the centrifugal force. Centrifugal acceleration is independent of the mass of the components (but a greater centrifugal acceleration results in a greater centrifugal force). The greater the difference in centrifugal force between different components in the mixture, the stronger and more pronounced the tendency for stratification. Stratification is most pronounced where it occurs far from the axis of the centrifuge mechanism, and under the influence of centrifugal force, components with greater density differences exhibit more significant stratification.

[0003] However, when fluid flows, it undergoes relative motion with the wall, generating disturbances. The greater the relative motion and the higher the Reynolds number, the more severe the disturbances. The resulting mixing severely affects the separation effect, and may even prevent effective separation. Therefore, although centrifugal separation has been applied in some important and specialized fields (fields requiring high separation purity), such as nuclear energy, chemical engineering, and pharmaceuticals, its flow rate is very small (resulting in a very small Reynolds number) in order to reduce mixing caused by disturbances and improve the separation effect. However, this also significantly reduces the separation efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a fluid centrifugal separation device that overcomes the disturbance problem and the resulting mixing problem in the centrifugal separation process, thereby improving the fluid separation efficiency and separation effect.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is: a fluid centrifugal separation device, comprising a centrifugal separation chamber 10, a heavy component retention chamber 20, a heavy component sealing chamber 30, a fluid inlet 41, a heavy component outlet 42, and a light component outlet 43. The centrifugal separation chamber 10 and the heavy component retention chamber 20 are rotating chambers. The centrifugal separation chamber 10, the heavy component retention chamber 20, and the heavy component sealing chamber 30 are arranged sequentially from the center of rotation to the outside. The centrifugal separation chamber 10 and the heavy component retention chamber 20 are connected through a retention chamber inlet 21. The heavy component retention chamber 20 and the heavy component sealing chamber 30 are connected through a retention chamber outlet 22. The heavy component sealing chamber is connected to the heavy component outlet 42. The centrifugal separation chamber is connected to the fluid inlet 41 and the light component outlet 43.

[0006] Furthermore, in order to reduce fluid disturbance, the centrifugal separation device is provided with multiple centrifugal separation chambers 10 separated by separation chamber blades 12 and multiple recombinant component retention chambers 20 separated by retention chamber blades 23.

[0007] Furthermore, in order to achieve the centrifugal separation effect, the centrifugal separation chamber 10 is connected to the fluid inlet 41 and the light component outlet 43 on the side near the center of rotation.

[0008] Furthermore, to improve the centrifugal separation effect, a multi-stage centrifugal separation scheme is proposed, wherein the centrifugal separation chamber includes a primary centrifugal separation chamber 1A and a secondary centrifugal separation chamber 1B, and the recombinant component retention chamber includes a primary recombinant component retention chamber 2A and a secondary recombinant component retention chamber 2B. The primary centrifugal separation chamber 1A and the secondary centrifugal separation chamber 1B are arranged side by side along the rotation axis C, and the primary recombinant component retention chamber 2A and the secondary recombinant component retention chamber 2B are arranged side by side along the rotation axis C. The primary centrifugal separation chamber 1A and the primary recombinant component retention chamber 2A are connected through the primary retention chamber inlet 21A, the secondary centrifugal separation chamber 1B and the secondary recombinant component retention chamber 2B are connected through the secondary retention chamber inlet 21B, the primary recombinant component retention chamber 2A and the recombinant component sealed chamber 30 are connected through the primary retention chamber outlet 22A, the secondary recombinant component retention chamber 2B and the recombinant component sealed chamber 30 are connected through the secondary retention chamber outlet 22B, and the primary centrifugal separation chamber and the secondary centrifugal separation chamber are connected through the separation chamber communication hole 13.

[0009] Furthermore, the multi-stage separation structure includes a separation chamber partition 14 between the primary centrifugal separation chamber 1A and the secondary centrifugal separation chamber 1B, a retention chamber partition 24 between the primary recombinant component retention chamber 2A and the secondary recombinant component retention chamber 2B, and the separation chamber partition 14 having a separation chamber communication hole 13.

[0010] Furthermore, the structural design of a fluid centrifugal separation device is as follows: the fluid centrifugal separation device is provided with a centrifugal rotor 50 and a housing 60; the centrifugal rotor is provided with a centrifugal separation chamber and a heavy component retention chamber from the inside to the outside along the rotation center; a heavy component sealing chamber 30 is provided between the centrifugal rotor and the housing; and the housing is provided with a fluid inlet 41, a heavy component outlet 42, and a light component outlet 43.

[0011] Furthermore, one way to improve the separation effect is that the sidewall of the centrifugal rotor 50 is provided with a sealing cavity isolation blade 52 and a sealing cavity side isolation plate 53.

[0012] The beneficial effects of this invention are: by adopting a multi-layer centrifugal cavity rotating centrifugal structure, fluid disturbance during centrifugal separation is reduced, the fluid centrifugal separation effect is improved, and the fluid centrifugal separation can increase the discharge capacity and purity, making it suitable for multi-component separation applications and realizing industrial-grade high-flow-rate multi-component, high-efficiency fluid separation.

[0013] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of the principle of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 2 This is a plan view illustrating the principle of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the air centrifugal separation process of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of two-stage centrifugal separation employed in this invention.

[0018] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the process of using two-stage centrifugal separation of coke oven gas in this invention;

[0019] Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of the two-stage centrifugal separation device of the present invention, and is a view of the output side;

[0020] Figure 7 This is a structural diagram of the two-stage centrifugal separation device of the present invention, and is a view of the input side;

[0021] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of the structure of the two-stage centrifugal separation device of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 9 This is a structural diagram of the centrifugal rotor of the two-stage centrifugal separation device of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional view of the two-stage centrifugal separation device of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 11 yes Figure 10 A magnified view of part of I;

[0025] Figure 12 yes Figure 10 AA plan. Detailed Implementation

[0026] Example 1:

[0027] like Figure 1 , Figure 2A fluid centrifugal separation device includes a centrifugal separation chamber 10, a heavy component retention chamber 20, a heavy component sealing chamber 30, and a housing 60. The centrifugal separation chamber 10 and the heavy component retention chamber 20 are located inside the housing and rotate with a rotating shaft 51. The centrifugal separation chamber 10, the heavy component retention chamber 20, and the heavy component sealing chamber 30 are arranged sequentially from the center of rotation to the outside. In this embodiment, there are eight centrifugal separation chambers 10 and eight heavy component retention chambers 20. The eight centrifugal separation chambers 10 are separated by separation chamber blades 12, and the eight heavy component retention chambers 20 are separated by retention chamber blades 23. The eight centrifugal separation chambers 10 and the eight heavy component retention chambers 20 are all equally distributed around the circumference of the rotating shaft. The heavy component sealing chamber 30 is an annular chamber between the heavy component retention chamber 20 and the housing 60. Eight centrifugal separation chambers 10 and eight heavy component retention chambers 20 form a rotating chamber. Each centrifugal separation chamber 10 is connected to one heavy component retention chamber 20 through a retention chamber inlet 21, and each heavy component retention chamber 20 is connected to one heavy component sealed chamber 30 through a retention chamber outlet 22. A heavy component output port 42 connected to the heavy component sealed chamber is provided on the outer shell 60. A fluid inlet 41 and a light component output port 43 connected to the centrifugal separation chamber 10 are respectively provided on both sides of the outer shell. The fluid inlet 41 and the light component output port 43 are connected to the centrifugal separation chamber 10 near the center of rotation.

[0028] The fluid centrifugal separation device of this embodiment uses a rotating centrifugal separation chamber 10 and a heavy component retention chamber 20 to generate a centrifugal separation effect for components of different masses in the fluid.

[0029] This embodiment employs a channel-type centrifugal separation method, enabling fluid to achieve component separation along the centrifugal separation chamber, the heavy component retention chamber, and the heavy component sealed chamber 30. During synchronous rotation of the centrifugal separation chamber and the heavy component retention chamber 20, because the centrifugal separation chamber 10 and the heavy component retention chamber 20 are divided into multiple independent chambers, the fluid undergoes overall centrifugal rotation within these chambers, reducing or avoiding fluid disturbance and preventing turbulent flow. The mixture fluid containing different components enters the circumferentially divided centrifugal separation chamber 10 at a certain speed and pressure through the fluid inlet 41. As the centrifugal separation chamber 10 rotates, the mixture fluid gradually flows away from the axis from the fluid inlet 41 within the centrifugal separation chamber, reaching the farthest point from the rotation center of the centrifugal separation chamber, and then enters the heavy component retention chamber 20 through the retention chamber inlet 21. The heavy component retention chamber 20 provides a relatively stable space for the fluid, facilitating the accumulation of heavy component media and improving the separation effect.

[0030] In the initial state of operation of the fluid centrifugal separator, the heavy component outlet 42 is closed, making the heavy component retention chamber 20 a single-inlet sealed state. As the mixed fluid continues to enter, the pressure inside the heavy component retention chamber 20, which has no outlet yet, gradually increases and gradually reaches the pressure balance at the inlet of the heavy component retention chamber. In the heavy component retention chamber, different components have different densities and therefore different equilibrium pressures. The equilibrium pressure of the heavy component is greater than that of the light component. During the process of entering the heavy component retention chamber, after the lighter component has reached equilibrium, the light component can no longer enter the heavy component retention chamber. At this time, the heavy component will continue to enter the chamber, causing the equilibrium pressure of the heavy component in the chamber to be greater than that of the light component. As the heavy component gradually enters, the fluid pressure in the heavy component retention chamber 20 gradually increases, exceeding the equilibrium pressure of the light component in the chamber. The light component will be gradually squeezed out of the heavy component retention chamber, resulting in a stratification phenomenon of light and heavy components in the chamber, that is, the heavy component is located away from the axis, and the light component is located closer to the axis. As the centrifugal separation mechanism continues to operate, the amount of heavy component in the heavy component retention chamber gradually increases, and the light component is gradually squeezed out and discharged from the light component outlet.

[0031] As the fluid centrifuge continues to operate, heavy components continuously enter the heavy component retention chamber 20, while light components continuously exit from the light component outlet 43. At this time, the heavy component outlet 42 is opened, and the fluid in the heavy component retention chamber 20 passes through the heavy component sealing chamber 30 and exits from the heavy component outlet 42. By controlling and adjusting the discharge flow rate of the heavy components, a relative dynamic balance is maintained among the heavy components in the heavy component retention chamber 20, and the system enters a continuous operating state.

[0032] like Figure 3 Let's take the function of an oxygen-enriched fan as an example.

[0033] Air refers to the mixture of gases in Earth's atmosphere. Air is a mixture composed of nitrogen, oxygen, rare gases (helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon, radon), carbon dioxide, and other substances (such as water vapor and impurities). Nitrogen comprises approximately 78% by volume, oxygen approximately 21%, rare gases (helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon, radon) approximately 0.934%, carbon dioxide approximately 0.04%, and other substances (such as water vapor and impurities) approximately 0.002%. The composition of air is not fixed; it changes with altitude and air pressure.

[0034] The main components of air are nitrogen (78%) and oxygen (21%), accounting for 99% of the total air volume. The simplified process only considers nitrogen and oxygen. This invention can be used to manufacture oxygen-enriched fans.

[0035] Air enters the separation device through fluid inlet 41 and then into the centrifugal separation chamber 10. Since oxygen is denser than nitrogen, oxygen is the heavy component and nitrogen is the light component.

[0036] Air enters the centrifugal separator at a certain speed and pressure through the mixed fluid inlet. As the centrifugal separator 10 and the heavy component retention chamber 20 rotate synchronously, the air gradually flows from the fluid inlet 41 away from the rotation axis in the centrifugal separator and reaches the farthest end of the centrifugal separator from the rotation axis (the connection end with the heavy component retention chamber 20), and enters the heavy component retention chamber 20 through the retention chamber inlet 21.

[0037] Initially, the heavy component outlet 42 is closed, meaning the heavy component retention chamber is in a single-inlet sealed state. As air continues to enter, the pressure inside the heavy component retention chamber 20, which currently has no outlet, gradually increases and eventually reaches pressure equilibrium at the inlet of the heavy component retention chamber. Within the heavy component retention chamber, different components have different densities, resulting in different equilibrium pressures. When the equilibrium pressure of O2 is greater than that of N2, during the process of entering the heavy component retention chamber, after N2 has reached equilibrium, N2 will no longer be able to enter the heavy component retention chamber, while O2 will continue to enter the chamber, causing the equilibrium pressure of O2 in the chamber to be greater than that of N2. As O2 gradually enters, the fluid pressure in the chamber gradually increases, exceeding the equilibrium pressure of N2 in the chamber. N2 will be gradually squeezed out of the heavy component retention chamber, and O2 and N2 will separate into layers in the chamber, that is, O2 is far away from the axis, and N2 is closer to the axis. As the centrifugal separation mechanism continues to operate, the amount of O2 in the heavy component retention chamber gradually increases, N2 is gradually squeezed out, and nitrogen is discharged from the light component output port 43.

[0038] As the centrifugal separator continues to operate, O2 continuously enters the heavy component retention chamber 20, and N2 continuously exits from the light component output port 43. At this time, the heavy component output port 42 is opened, and the O2 discharge flow rate is controlled and adjusted so that the O2 in the heavy component retention chamber 20 maintains a relative dynamic balance, and the system enters a continuous operation state.

[0039] To ensure stable operation in the separation state, it is necessary to control the flow rates of each inlet and outlet during operation. If the flow rate of fluid inlet 41 is set to 100%, the flow rate of heavy component outlet 42 (equivalent to the total flow rate of indwelling chamber outlet 22) should be set to about 30%, and the flow rate of light component outlet 43 should be set to about 70%. The flow rates should be adjusted according to the actual situation.

[0040] According to experiments, the oxygen-enriched fan manufactured using this invention can output gas with an oxygen content of 40%.

[0041] Example 2:

[0042] like Figure 4 , Figure 5A fluid centrifugal separation device, this embodiment being an extension of Embodiment 1. It includes a centrifugal separation chamber 10, a heavy component retention chamber 20, a heavy component sealing chamber 30, and a housing 60.

[0043] This embodiment employs a multi-stage separation system architecture. The centrifugal separation chamber 10 includes a primary centrifugal separation chamber 1A and a secondary centrifugal separation chamber 1B. The recombinant component retention chamber includes a primary recombinant component retention chamber 2A and a secondary recombinant component retention chamber 2B. The primary centrifugal separation chamber 1A and the secondary centrifugal separation chamber 1B are arranged side-by-side along the rotation axis C. The primary centrifugal separation chamber 1A and the primary recombinant component retention chamber 2A are connected through a primary retention chamber inlet 21A. The secondary centrifugal separation chamber 1B and the secondary recombinant component retention chamber 2B are connected through a secondary retention chamber inlet 21B. The primary recombinant component retention chamber 2A and the recombinant component sealed chamber 30 are connected through a primary retention chamber outlet 22A. The secondary recombinant component retention chamber 2B and the recombinant component sealed chamber 30 are connected through a secondary retention chamber outlet 22B. The primary centrifugal separation chamber 1A and the secondary centrifugal separation chamber 1B are connected through a separation chamber communication hole 13.

[0044] The primary centrifugal separation chamber 1A and the secondary centrifugal separation chamber 1B are separated by a separation chamber partition 14, which has a separation chamber communication hole 13 to connect the primary centrifugal separation chamber 1A and the secondary centrifugal separation chamber 1B. The primary heavy component retention chamber 2A and the secondary heavy component retention chamber 2B are separated by a retention chamber partition 24.

[0045] The fluid inlet 41 is connected to the primary centrifugal separation chamber 1A, and the light component outlet 43 is connected to the secondary centrifugal separation chamber 1B.

[0046] Similarly, in this embodiment, there are eight primary centrifugal separation chambers 1A and eight secondary centrifugal separation chambers 1B, as well as eight primary recombinant component retention chambers 2A and eight secondary recombinant component retention chambers 2B.

[0047] This embodiment employs a two-stage radial channel centrifugal separation technology and mechanism to effectively address the impact of fluid disturbance on separation purity in large-volume industrial separation, thereby achieving high-volume, high-purity separation of multiple components (no less than two components) at industrial levels.

[0048] The present invention provides a separation chamber communication hole 13 between the primary centrifugal separation chamber 1A and the secondary centrifugal separation chamber 1B. The multi-stage separation system architecture can produce the following technical effects:

[0049] The mixed fluid enters the primary centrifugal separation chamber 1A. Under the action of centrifugal force, the heavy components enter the primary heavy component retention chamber 2A, and the light components enter the secondary centrifugal separation chamber 1B through the separation chamber connecting hole 13 to complete the first coarse separation (or concentration separation).

[0050] When the concentrated mixture fluid that has entered the secondary centrifugal separation chamber 1B reaches equilibrium (i.e., when the equilibrium static pressure is greater than the total pressure of the light components), the light components will be squeezed out of the secondary centrifugal separation chamber 1B, completing the second fine separation.

[0051] In the secondary centrifugal separation chamber 1B, the mixed fluid and the chamber wall are in a laminar flow state with a very low relative flow velocity, and there is a larger centrifugal force state (its radius is larger than that of the secondary centrifugal separation chamber 1B), which causes further (separation) stratification of the heavy components.

[0052] During the separation process between the primary centrifugal separation chamber 1A and the primary heavy component retention chamber 2A, the mixed fluid is constantly surrounded by the blades, moving shell wall, and chamber, and undergoes centrifugal motion together. Therefore, although its centrifugal speed is very high (the edge centrifugal speed is generally one to two orders of magnitude greater than the fluid speed), its relative speed is relatively low (the fluid flow speed is independent of the centrifugal speed) and is only related to the cross-sectional area of ​​the centrifugal blade channel and the instantaneous flow rate. In other words, this invention can improve the separation effect by increasing the centrifugal force (increasing the rotation speed or radius), and at the same time, it can achieve a high-efficiency and high-purity separation effect with large displacement, low flow rate, and low disturbance by controlling the flow cross-sectional area.

[0053] The mechanism of this embodiment can obtain high-volume, high-purity heavy component substances. The secondary centrifugal separation chamber 1B can achieve separation at the fluid inlet, and when equilibrium is reached, the light component flows inward (towards the axis, i.e., the radius decreases), while the heavy component flows outward, towards the larger radius, i.e., towards the inlet 21B of the secondary retention chamber, resulting in better separation effect.

[0054] The secondary centrifuge chamber 1B is used for further separation of heavy and light components. If only heavy and light components are present, the secondary separation can further purify them. The outlet for the light component in the secondary centrifuge chamber 1B is located at a smaller radius, allowing for high-volume, high-efficiency extraction of the light component material.

[0055] like Figure 5 Take the extraction of hydrogen from coke oven gas in a coal chemical process as an example.

[0056] Coke oven gas, due to its high combustible content, is classified as high-calorific-value gas, crude gas, or raw coal gas. It refers to a combustible gas produced during the high-temperature dry distillation of a blend of several types of bituminous coal in a coking oven, alongside coke and tar products. It is a byproduct of the coking industry. Coke oven gas is a mixture, and its yield and composition vary depending on the quality of the coking coal and the coking process conditions. Generally, one ton of dry coal can produce 300 to 350 cubic meters of coke oven gas (standard conditions). Its main components are hydrogen (55%–60%) and methane (23%–27%), with small amounts of carbon monoxide (5%–8%), C2+ unsaturated hydrocarbons (2%–4%), carbon dioxide (1.5%–3%), oxygen (0.3%–0.8%), and nitrogen (3%–7%). Hydrogen, methane, carbon monoxide, and unsaturated hydrocarbons with more than 2 carbon atoms are combustible components, while carbon dioxide, nitrogen, and oxygen are non-combustible components.

[0057] Coke oven gas enters the separation unit from the inlet and then enters the separation chamber. Because hydrogen has a lower density than methane, carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons with more than two unsaturated atoms, carbon dioxide, oxygen, and nitrogen,

[0058] Methane, carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons with more than two unsaturated atoms, carbon dioxide, oxygen, and nitrogen are heavy components, while hydrogen is a light component.

[0059] Using the centrifugal separation device of the present invention, coke oven gas enters the primary centrifugal separation chamber 1A through the fluid inlet 41 at a certain speed and pressure; the centrifugal separation chamber (including the primary centrifugal separation chamber 1A and the secondary centrifugal separation chamber 1B) and the heavy component retention chamber (including the primary heavy component retention chamber 2A and the secondary heavy component retention chamber 2B) rotate synchronously. During the synchronous rotation, the coke oven gas gradually flows from the fluid inlet 41 away from the axis in the primary centrifugal separation chamber 1A and reaches the farthest point of the primary centrifugal separation chamber 1A from the rotation center, and enters the primary heavy component retention chamber 2A through the primary retention chamber inlet 21A.

[0060] Initially, the heavy component outlet 42 is closed, meaning the primary heavy component retention chamber 2A is in a single-inlet sealed state. As gas continues to enter, the pressure inside the primary heavy component retention chamber 2A, which currently has no outlet, gradually increases and eventually reaches pressure equilibrium at the primary retention chamber inlet 21A. Within the primary heavy component retention chamber 2A, different components have different densities, resulting in different equilibrium pressures. The equilibrium pressures of carbon monoxide, unsaturated hydrocarbons, carbon dioxide, oxygen, and nitrogen are greater than those of hydrogen. During the process of entering the primary heavy component retention chamber 2A, once hydrogen has reached equilibrium, it can no longer enter the chamber. However, carbon monoxide, unsaturated hydrocarbons, carbon dioxide, oxygen, and nitrogen will continue to enter, causing the pressure to rise to a dangerously high level within the chamber. The nitrogen equilibrium pressure is greater than the hydrogen equilibrium pressure. As carbon monoxide, unsaturated hydrocarbons, carbon dioxide, oxygen, and nitrogen gradually enter, the fluid pressure inside the chamber gradually increases, exceeding the hydrogen equilibrium pressure. Hydrogen is gradually squeezed out of the primary heavy component retention chamber 2A. Within the primary heavy component retention chamber 2A, carbon monoxide, unsaturated hydrocarbons, carbon dioxide, oxygen, nitrogen, and hydrogen exhibit stratification: carbon monoxide, unsaturated hydrocarbons, carbon dioxide, oxygen, and nitrogen are located further away from the axis, while hydrogen is closer to the axis. As the centrifugal separation mechanism continues to operate, the amount of carbon monoxide, unsaturated hydrocarbons, carbon dioxide, oxygen, and nitrogen in the primary heavy component retention chamber 2A gradually increases. Hydrogen is gradually squeezed out and enters the secondary centrifugal separation chamber 1B through the separation chamber connection hole 13, completing the first coarse separation, i.e., concentration separation. When the fluid that has entered the primary centrifugal separation chamber 1A reaches an equilibrium static pressure greater than the total hydrogen pressure, hydrogen is squeezed out of the primary centrifugal separation chamber 1A, completing the second fine separation.

[0061] Hydrogen fluid containing small amounts of carbon monoxide, unsaturated hydrocarbons, carbon dioxide, oxygen, and nitrogen enters the secondary centrifugal separation chamber 1B. Following the same steps as the primary centrifugal separation chamber 1A, carbon monoxide, unsaturated hydrocarbons, carbon dioxide, oxygen, and nitrogen accumulate in the secondary heavy component retention chamber 2B, while hydrogen is discharged from the light component outlet 43.

[0062] As the cardiac separator continues to operate, carbon monoxide, unsaturated hydrocarbons, carbon dioxide, oxygen, and nitrogen continuously enter the secondary heavy component retention chamber 2B, while hydrogen continuously exits from the light component output port 43. At this time, the heavy component output port 42 is opened, and the discharge flow rates of carbon monoxide, unsaturated hydrocarbons, carbon dioxide, oxygen, and nitrogen are controlled and adjusted to maintain a relative dynamic balance of carbon monoxide, unsaturated hydrocarbons, carbon dioxide, oxygen, and nitrogen in the secondary heavy component retention chamber 2B, and the system enters a continuous operating state.

[0063] This embodiment employs two-stage centrifugal separation, which can significantly improve the purification effect of light components in fluids.

[0064] Of course, the technical solution of this embodiment can also be referred to, and a centrifugal separation device with two or more stages can be used.

[0065] Example 3:

[0066] like Figures 6 to 12 A fluid centrifugal separation device, this embodiment is a mechanism design scheme of Embodiment 2.

[0067] The fluid centrifugal separation device of this embodiment includes a centrifugal rotor 50 and a housing 60. The centrifugal rotor 50 is driven by a rotating shaft 51, and the centrifugal rotor 50 rotates synchronously with the rotating shaft 51. The centrifugal rotor 50 has centrifugal separation chambers and heavy component retention chambers arranged from the inside to the outside along the rotation center. This embodiment has eight primary centrifugal separation chambers 1A separated by separation chamber blades 12 and eight secondary centrifugal separation chambers 1B separated by separation chamber blades 12. It also has eight primary heavy component retention chambers 2A separated by retention chamber blades 23 and eight secondary heavy component retention chambers 2B separated by retention chamber blades 23.

[0068] Eight primary centrifugal separation chambers 1A, eight secondary centrifugal separation chambers 1B, eight primary heavy component retention chambers 2A, and eight secondary heavy component retention chambers 2B are evenly distributed around the rotating shaft 51. From the inside out, each primary centrifugal separation chamber 1A corresponds to one primary heavy component retention chamber 2A, and each secondary centrifugal separation chamber 1B corresponds to one secondary heavy component retention chamber 2B.

[0069] The primary centrifugal separation chamber 1A and the secondary centrifugal separation chamber 1B are arranged side by side along the rotation axis 51. Similarly, the primary heavy component retention chamber 2A and the secondary heavy component retention chamber 2B are arranged side by side along the rotation axis.

[0070] A separation chamber partition 14 is provided between the primary centrifugal separation chamber 1A and the secondary centrifugal separation chamber 1B. A separation chamber communication hole 13 is provided between each primary centrifugal separation chamber 1A and the corresponding secondary centrifugal separation chamber 1B.

[0071] A partition plate 24 is provided between the primary recombinant component indwelling cavity 2A and the secondary recombinant component indwelling cavity 2B.

[0072] In fact, the separation chamber partition 14 and the retention chamber partition 24 are located at the axial center of the centrifugal rotor 50. The primary centrifugal separation chamber 1A and the secondary centrifugal separation chamber 1B are identical structures symmetrical to the separation chamber partition 14, and the primary recombinant component retention chamber 2A and the secondary recombinant component retention chamber 2B are identical structures symmetrical to the retention chamber partition 24.

[0073] A heavy component sealing cavity 30 is provided between the centrifugal rotor 50 and the outer casing.

[0074] The primary centrifugal separation chamber 1A and the primary heavy component retention chamber 2A are connected through the primary retention chamber inlet 21A. The secondary centrifugal separation chamber 1B and the secondary heavy component retention chamber 2B are connected through the secondary retention chamber inlet 21B. The primary heavy component retention chamber 2A and the heavy component sealing chamber 30 are connected through the primary retention chamber outlet 22A. The secondary heavy component retention chamber 2B and the heavy component sealing chamber 30 are connected through the secondary retention chamber outlet 22B. The primary centrifugal separation chamber and the secondary centrifugal separation chamber are connected through the separation chamber communication hole 13.

[0075] A fluid inlet 41 is provided on one side of the outer casing 60, which connects to the primary centrifugal separation chamber 1A. A light component outlet 43 is provided on the other side of the outer casing 60, which connects to the secondary centrifugal separation chamber 1B. A heavy component outlet 42 is provided on the outer casing, which connects to the heavy component sealed chamber 30.

[0076] The centrifugal rotor 50 has sealing cavity isolation blades 52 and sealing cavity side isolation plates 53 on its side wall. The sealing cavity side isolation plates 53 prevent fluid in the heavy component sealing cavity 30 from leaking from both sides. The sealing cavity isolation blades 52 generate a certain air pressure between the side wall of the centrifugal rotor and the outer casing 60, preventing fluid in the heavy component sealing cavity 30 from leaking along the gap between the side wall of the centrifugal rotor and the side wall of the outer casing 60.

[0077] In this embodiment, during operation, the fluid to be separated enters the primary centrifugal separation chamber 1A through the fluid inlet 41. The rotating shaft 51 is driven by the drive motor 63. Besides rotating the centrifugal rotor, the fluid undergoes primary heavy component separation in the primary centrifugal separation chamber 1A and the primary heavy component retention chamber 2A. The separated fluid then enters the secondary centrifugal separation chamber 1B through the separation chamber connecting hole 13, where secondary heavy component separation is completed. The heavy component fluid is output through the heavy component output port 42, and the remaining light component fluid is output through the light component output port 43. The fluid inlet 41, heavy component output port 42, and light component output port 43 are equipped with flow control devices (omitted in the figure) to control the fluid flow rate and maintain stable operation of the separation device.

[0078] This invention can be used as a primary fluid separation device to centrifuge gases and light liquids. The separated fluids can then undergo further purification.

Claims

1. A fluid centrifugal separation device, characterized in that, It includes a centrifugal separation chamber (10), a heavy component retention chamber (20), a heavy component sealing chamber (30), a fluid inlet (41), a heavy component outlet (42), and a light component outlet (43). The centrifugal separation chamber (10) and the heavy component retention chamber (20) are rotating chambers. The centrifugal separation chamber (10), the heavy component retention chamber (20), and the heavy component sealing chamber (30) are arranged sequentially from the center of rotation to the outside. The centrifugal separation chamber (10) and the heavy component retention chamber (20) are connected through the retention chamber inlet (21). The heavy component retention chamber (20) and the heavy component sealing chamber (30) are connected through the retention chamber outlet (22). The heavy component sealing chamber is connected to the heavy component outlet (42). The centrifugal separation chamber is connected to the fluid inlet (41) and the light component outlet (43). The centrifugal separation device is provided with multiple centrifugal separation chambers (10) separated by separation chamber blades (12) and multiple recombinant component retention chambers (20) separated by retention chamber blades (23); The centrifugal separation chamber (10) is connected to the fluid inlet (41) and the light component outlet (43) on the side near the center of rotation.

2. The fluid centrifugal separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The centrifugal separation chamber includes a primary centrifugal separation chamber (1A) and a secondary centrifugal separation chamber (1B). The recombinant component retention chamber includes a primary recombinant component retention chamber (2A) and a secondary recombinant component retention chamber (2B). The primary centrifugal separation chamber (1A) and the secondary centrifugal separation chamber (1B) are arranged side by side along the rotation axis (C). The primary recombinant component retention chamber (2A) and the secondary recombinant component retention chamber (2B) are arranged side by side along the rotation axis (C). The primary centrifugal separation chamber (1A) and the primary recombinant component retention chamber (2A) are connected by... The primary retention chamber inlet (21A) is connected, the secondary centrifugal separation chamber (1B) is connected to the secondary recombinant component retention chamber (2B) through the secondary retention chamber inlet (21B), the primary recombinant component retention chamber (2A) is connected to the recombinant component sealing chamber (30) through the primary retention chamber outlet (22A), the secondary recombinant component retention chamber (2B) is connected to the recombinant component sealing chamber (30) through the secondary retention chamber outlet (22B), and the primary centrifugal separation chamber and the secondary centrifugal separation chamber are connected through the separation chamber connecting hole (13).

3. The fluid centrifugal separation device according to claim 2, characterized in that, A separation chamber partition (14) is provided between the primary centrifugal separation chamber (1A) and the secondary centrifugal separation chamber (1B), and a retention chamber partition (24) is provided between the primary recombinant component retention chamber (2A) and the secondary recombinant component retention chamber (2B). The separation chamber partition (14) is provided with a separation chamber communication hole (13).

4. The fluid centrifugal separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fluid centrifugal separation device is provided with a centrifugal rotor (50) and a housing (60). The centrifugal rotor is provided with a centrifugal separation chamber and a heavy component retention chamber from the inside to the outside along the rotation center. The heavy component sealing chamber (30) is provided between the centrifugal rotor and the housing. The housing is provided with a fluid inlet (41), a heavy component outlet (42), and a light component outlet (43).

5. A fluid centrifugal separation device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The centrifugal rotor (50) has a sealing cavity isolation blade (52) and a sealing cavity side isolation plate (53) on its side wall.

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