A design method for an annular electron beam welded joint of a cavity structure part

Abstract

The application provides a cavity structure part annular electron beam welding joint design method, which comprises the following steps: tilting the angle of the radial ring weld of a part along the part axis direction clockwise by a preset angle, so that the closest distance of the beam current to the flange edge of the part casting body on the side of the radial ring weld is increased, the welding lock bottom is also increased in thickness due to the tilt of the weld, the part can be prevented from being damaged during welding, and the risk of splashes generated by penetrating the welding lock bottom is reduced; a filler platform is arranged on the side of the cover plate at the radial ring weld, which can help quickly find the weld position in the equipment observation system and facilitate welding; the axial ring weld of the part is offset to one side of the part casting body by a preset distance, so that the weld is changed from a no-welding lock bottom end face weld to a welding lock bottom butt joint weld, a boss is added to the inner wall of the cover plate to form a butt joint structure with the casting body, so that non-penetration welding can be ensured, and welding splashes in the part inner cavity are prevented.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of welding joint design technology, and relates to a design method for annular electron beam welding joints of cavity structure parts. Background Technology

[0002] A bearing housing component for a certain aircraft engine consists of a cast body and a mating cover plate, connected by two electron beam welds. The component structure is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the back of the weld seam of the part is a cavity structure with an oil channel inside, so it is essential to ensure the cleanliness of the cavity. Due to the special structure of the part, it is impossible to completely remove welding spatter and other debris generated inside the cavity structure after welding. Therefore, it is required that no welding slag or other debris residue be generated during welding. The main problems with the weld seam design of this part are as follows: 1. The radial circumferential weld seam (weld seam I) is too close to the left flange, posing a risk of the welding beam damaging the flange edge during welding; 2. The axial circumferential weld seam (weld seam II) is a non-welded bottom end face joint structure. If effective thickness penetration is required during welding, it will damage the inner wall of the cover plate and generate spatter inside the part cavity that cannot be cleaned. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the problems existing in the prior art, this invention provides a design method for annular electron beam welding joints of cavity structure parts. This method is applicable to the design of welding joints for electron beam welding of parts with cavity structures and radial and axial combined annular welds. This design method can solve the risk of the beam current damaging the flange edge and the problem of the inability to clean the inner cavity of the part, thus achieving a reliable connection of the parts.

[0004] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0005] A design method for annular electron beam welding joints of cavity structure parts, comprising,

[0006] The angle of the radial circumferential weld of the part is tilted clockwise by a preset angle along the axis of the part, so that the minimum distance between the beam and the flange edge of the part casting body on the radial circumferential weld side is increased during welding. A packing platform is provided on the cover plate side at the radial circumferential weld.

[0007] The axial circumferential weld of the part is offset to one side of the part casting body by a predetermined distance, and a boss is set on the inner wall of the cover plate, and the boss and the part casting body form a docking structure.

[0008] Preferably, the preset angle is 10°-15°.

[0009] Preferably, the preset distance is 1-2mm.

[0010] Preferably, the height and width of the packing platform are both 0.6-0.7 mm.

[0011] Preferably, the upper surface of the packing platform is perpendicular to the radial circumferential weld; during welding, the upper surface of the packing platform is perpendicular to the electron gun.

[0012] Preferably, a gap of 0.2-0.5 mm is reserved between the welding substrate of the casting body and the cover plate along the axis of the part.

[0013] Preferably, the axial circumferential weld is a butt weld with a weld stop.

[0014] Preferably, a shrinkage gap is reserved between the bottom surface of the axial circumferential weld and the weld lock bottom, and the size of the shrinkage gap is 0.1-0.2mm.

[0015] Preferably, a gap of 0.2-0.5 mm is reserved between the circumferential direction of the weld lock bottom of the axial circumferential weld and the inner wall of the cover plate.

[0016] Preferably, during the welding process, the closest distance between the beam and the flange edge of the casting body on the radial circumferential weld side is increased from 1.8 mm to more than 5 mm.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects:

[0018] This invention provides a design method for annular electron beam welding joints of cavity structure parts. It is applicable to the design of welding joints for electron beam welding of parts with cavity structures and radial and axial combined circumferential welds. The radial circumferential weld angle is tilted clockwise by a preset angle along the part's axis, increasing the minimum distance between the beam and the flange edge of the part's casting body on one side of the radial circumferential weld during welding. The weld base thickness is also increased due to the weld tilt, ensuring the part is not damaged during welding and reducing the risk of spatter from penetration of the weld base. A filler platform is provided on one side of the cover plate at the radial circumferential weld, helping to quickly locate the weld position in the equipment observation system for convenient welding. The axial circumferential weld is offset by a preset distance towards one side of the part's casting body, transforming the weld from a weld without a weld base end face weld into a butt weld with a weld base. A boss is added to the inner wall of the cover plate to form a butt structure with the casting body. A certain thickness of base material remains at the bottom of the weld for machining the weld base, ensuring non-penetrating welding and preventing welding spatter from forming inside the part's cavity. Compared to the original welded joint design of the parts, this invention eliminates the risk of damaging the base material of the parts during welding, and can prevent welding spatter from being generated in the inner cavity of the parts during welding, which would affect the functionality of the parts; at the same time, the filler plate design can ensure that the weld position can be easily located when welding the parts at an inclined angle.

[0019] Furthermore, a gap of 0.2-0.5mm is reserved between the welding substrate of the casting body on the left side of the part and the cover plate on the right side of the part in the axial direction of the part to prevent over-positioning of the part during assembly and affect the assembly quality of the part;

[0020] Furthermore, a shrinkage gap of 0.1-0.2mm is reserved between the bottom surface of the weld and the weld lock base. When the radial circumferential weld is welded, the weld shrinks, which can make the bottom surface of the axial circumferential weld fit tightly with the weld lock base, thereby preventing weld beads from overflowing from the gap between the weld lock base and the bottom surface of the weld and forming spatter, which would affect the function of the part.

[0021] Furthermore, a 0.2-0.5mm gap is left between the circumference of the weld lock bottom of the axial circumferential weld and the inner wall of the cover plate to ensure that the gas at the root of the weld can be completely extracted during vacuuming, preventing porosity defects in the weld due to residual air from affecting the welding quality. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a bearing housing part for an aircraft engine;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the redesigned welding joint of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a magnified view of a portion of the radial circumferential weld (weld I);

[0025] Figure 4 This is a magnified view of a portion of the axial circumferential weld (weld II);

[0026] In the diagram: 1. Main casting of the part; 2. Cover plate; 3. Welding substrate; 4. Boss; 5. Welding lock bottom; 6. Bottom surface. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. These descriptions are for explanation purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0028] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] Example 1

[0030] (1) As Figure 2As shown, the angle of the radial circumferential weld (weld I) of the part is changed from being perpendicular to the axis of the part to tilting to the right by 10°. This increases the closest distance between the beam and the flange edge of the main body of the casting 1 of the part on the left side of the weld during welding from 1.8 mm to more than 5 mm. The thickness of the weld lock bottom is also increased due to the tilt of the weld. This can ensure that the part will not be damaged during welding and reduce the risk of spatter generated by penetrating the weld lock bottom.

[0031] (2) Figure 3 As shown, a filler plate with a height and width of about 0.7mm is designed on one side of the cover plate 2 of the radial circumferential weld (weld I) of the part. The upper surface of the filler plate is perpendicular to the weld. During welding, since the upper surface of the filler plate is perpendicular to the electron gun, the weld can be easily found in the equipment observation system, which facilitates welding.

[0032] (3) A gap of 0.2mm is reserved between the welding substrate 3 of the main body 1 of the casting and the cover plate 2 along the axis of the part to prevent the part from being over-positioned during assembly and affecting the assembly quality of the part, while also being able to extract the gas at the root of the welding joint.

[0033] (4) Figure 4 As shown, the axial circumferential weld (weld II) of the part is offset by 1mm towards the main body 1 of the part casting, so that the weld changes from a weld without a welded locking bottom end face weld to a butt weld with a welded stop. A boss 4 is added to the inner wall of the cover plate 2 to form a butt structure with the main body 1 of the part casting. A certain thickness of base material remains at the bottom of the weld for processing the weld locking bottom 5, ensuring that non-penetrating welding can be performed and preventing welding spatter from being generated in the inner cavity of the part.

[0034] (5) A shrinkage gap of 0.1mm is reserved between the bottom surface 6 of the axial circumferential weld (weld II) and the welding lock bottom 5. When the radial circumferential weld (weld I) is welded, the weld shrinks, which can make the bottom surface 6 of the axial circumferential weld (weld II) fit tightly with the welding lock bottom 5, thereby preventing the weld beads from overflowing from the gap between the welding lock bottom 5 and the bottom surface 6 of the weld to form spatter, which would affect the function of the part.

[0035] (6) A 0.2mm gap is reserved between the circumference of the locking bottom 5 of the axial circumferential weld (weld II) of the part and the inner wall of the cover plate 1 to ensure that the gas at the root of the weld can be completely extracted during vacuuming, and to prevent the weld from having porosity defects due to residual air, which would affect the welding quality.

[0036] Compared to the original welded joint design, this invention eliminates the risk of damaging the base material during welding and prevents welding spatter from affecting the part's functionality. Furthermore, the filler plate design ensures easy and accurate weld placement even when welding at an angle. Additionally, the optimized gap design at the weld joint effectively guarantees the quality of the weld.

[0037] Example 2

[0038] (1) The angle of the radial circumferential weld (weld I) of the part is changed from being perpendicular to the axis of the part to tilting to the right by 15°. This increases the closest distance between the beam and the flange edge of the main body of the casting 1 of the part on the left side of the weld during welding from 1.8 mm to more than 5 mm. The thickness of the weld lock bottom is also increased due to the tilt of the weld. This ensures that the part will not be damaged during welding and reduces the risk of spatter generated by penetrating the weld lock bottom.

[0039] (2) On one side of the cover plate 2 of the radial circumferential weld (weld I) of the part, a filler platform with a height and width of about 0.6 mm is designed. The upper surface of the filler platform is perpendicular to the weld. During welding, since the upper surface of the filler platform is perpendicular to the electron gun, the weld can be easily found in the equipment observation system, which facilitates welding.

[0040] (3) A gap of 0.2mm is reserved between the welding substrate 3 of the main body 1 of the casting and the cover plate 2 along the axis of the part to prevent the part from being over-positioned during assembly and affecting the assembly quality of the part, while also being able to extract the gas at the root of the welding joint.

[0041] (4) Offset the axial circumferential weld (weld II) of the part by 2mm to the side of the main body 1 of the part casting, so that the weld changes from a weld without a welded bottom face weld to a butt weld with a welded stop. Add a boss 4 to the inner wall of the cover plate 2 to form a butt structure with the main body 1 of the part casting. There is still a certain thickness of base material at the bottom of the weld for processing the welded bottom 5, which ensures that non-penetrating welding can be performed and prevents welding spatter from being generated in the inner cavity of the part;

[0042] (5) A 0.5mm shrinkage gap is reserved between the bottom surface 6 of the axial circumferential weld (weld II) and the welding lock bottom 5. When the radial circumferential weld (weld I) is welded, the weld shrinks, which can make the bottom surface 6 of the axial circumferential weld (weld II) fit tightly with the welding lock bottom 5, thereby preventing the weld beads from overflowing from the gap between the welding lock bottom 5 and the bottom surface 6 of the weld to form spatter, which would affect the function of the part.

[0043] (6) A 0.5mm gap is reserved between the circumference of the locking bottom 5 of the axial circumferential weld (weld II) of the part and the inner wall of the cover plate 1 to ensure that the gas at the root of the weld can be completely extracted during vacuuming, and to prevent the weld from having porosity defects due to residual air, which would affect the welding quality.

[0044] Example 3

[0045] (1) The angle of the radial circumferential weld (weld I) of the part was changed from being perpendicular to the axis of the part to tilting to the right by 13°. This increased the closest distance between the beam and the flange edge of the main body of the casting 1 on the left side of the weld during welding from 1.8 mm to more than 5 mm. The thickness of the weld lock bottom also increased due to the tilt of the weld. This ensures that the part will not be damaged during welding and reduces the risk of spatter generated by penetrating the weld lock bottom.

[0046] (2) On one side of the cover plate 2 of the radial circumferential weld (weld I) of the part, a filler platform with a height and width of about 0.65mm is designed. The upper surface of the filler platform is perpendicular to the weld. During welding, since the upper surface of the filler platform is perpendicular to the electron gun, the weld can be easily found in the equipment observation system, which facilitates welding.

[0047] (3) A gap of 0.4mm is reserved between the welding substrate 3 of the main body 1 of the casting and the cover plate 2 along the axis of the part to prevent the part from being over-positioned during assembly and affecting the assembly quality of the part, while also being able to extract the gas at the root of the welding joint.

[0048] (4) Offset the axial circumferential weld (weld II) of the part to the casting body 1 by 1.5mm, so that the weld changes from a weld without a welded bottom face weld to a butt weld with a welded stop. A boss 4 is added to the inner wall of the cover plate 2 to form a butt structure with the casting body 1 of the part. A certain thickness of base material remains at the bottom of the weld for processing the welded bottom 5, ensuring that non-penetrating welding can be performed and preventing welding spatter from being generated in the inner cavity of the part;

[0049] (5) A shrinkage gap of 0.15mm is reserved between the bottom surface 6 of the axial circumferential weld (weld II) and the welding lock bottom 5. When the radial circumferential weld (weld I) is welded, the weld shrinks, which can make the bottom surface 6 of the axial circumferential weld (weld II) fit tightly with the welding lock bottom 5, thereby preventing the weld beads from overflowing from the gap between the welding lock bottom 5 and the bottom surface 6 of the weld to form spatter, which would affect the function of the part.

[0050] (6) A 0.3mm gap is reserved between the circumference of the locking bottom 5 of the axial circumferential weld (weld II) of the part and the inner wall of the cover plate 1 to ensure that the gas at the root of the weld can be completely extracted during vacuuming, and to prevent the weld from having porosity defects due to residual air, which would affect the welding quality.

[0051] It should be noted that the terms "up and down," "left and right," etc., used in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this invention are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of the invention described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0052] It should be noted that when a component is said to be "fixed to" another component, it can be directly on the other component or it can be in a centered component. When a component is said to be "connected to" another component, it can be directly connected to the other component or it may also be in a centered component. When a component is said to be "set to" another component, it can be directly set on the other component or it may also be in a centered component.

[0053] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0054] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Those skilled in the art can readily implement the present invention based on the accompanying drawings and the above description. However, any modifications, alterations, or variations made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the present invention, utilizing the disclosed technical content, are equivalent embodiments of the present invention. Furthermore, any modifications, alterations, or variations made to the above embodiments based on the essential technology of the present invention are still within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A design method for annular electron beam welding joints of cavity structure parts, characterized in that, include, The angle of the radial circumferential weld of the part is tilted clockwise by a preset angle along the axis of the part, so that the minimum distance between the beam and the flange edge of the casting body (1) of the part on the radial circumferential weld side is increased during welding, and a packing platform is provided on the cover plate (2) side at the radial circumferential weld. The axial circumferential weld of the part is offset to one side of the part casting body (1) by a predetermined distance, and a boss (4) is provided on the inner wall of the cover plate (2), and the boss (4) and the part casting body (1) form a docking structure. The upper surface of the packing platform is perpendicular to the radial circumferential weld; during welding, the upper surface of the packing platform is perpendicular to the electron gun. During the welding process, the closest distance between the beam and the flange edge of the casting body (1) of the part on the radial circumferential weld side increased from 1.8 mm to more than 5 mm.

2. The design method for annular electron beam welding joints of cavity structure parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preset angle is 10°-15°.

3. The design method for annular electron beam welding joints of cavity structure parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preset distance is 1-2mm.

4. The design method for annular electron beam welding joints of cavity structure parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The height and width of the packing platform are both 0.6-0.7 mm.

5. The design method for annular electron beam welding joints of cavity structure parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, A gap is reserved between the welding substrate (3) of the casting body (1) and the cover plate (2) along the axis of the part, and the gap size is 0.2-0.5mm.

6. The design method for annular electron beam welding joints of cavity structure parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The axial circumferential weld is a butt weld with a welded stop.

7. The design method for annular electron beam welding joints of cavity structure parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, A shrinkage gap is reserved between the bottom surface (6) of the axial circumferential weld and the welding lock bottom (5), and the size of the shrinkage gap is 0.1-0.2mm.

8. The design method for annular electron beam welding joints of cavity structure parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The circumferential direction of the welding lock bottom (5) of the axial circumferential weld seam is reserved with a gap of 0.2-0.5mm between the inner wall of the cover plate (2).

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