Self-damping eight-gossip type bed and multi-station combined machine tool

Abstract

The present application relates to a self-damping octagonal bed and a multi-station combined machine tool, the self-damping octagonal bed comprises a plurality of damping cavities arranged around the vertical direction, an inlet and outlet liquid passage communicated with one of the damping cavities, and a plurality of flow guide passages respectively communicated with two adjacent damping cavities; the machine tool comprises a base, the above-mentioned bed arranged on the base, a liquid suction pump and a plurality of power heads arranged on the bed, a liquid delivery pipe inserted into the inlet and outlet liquid passage and communicated with the output end of the liquid suction pump, a detection control unit electrically connected with the liquid suction pump, and a rotary worktable rotatably arranged on the bed. The bed of the present application has the advantages of facilitating the installation of power heads, automatically avoiding resonance between the power heads, and reducing the use cost. The machine tool of the present application has the advantage of facilitating the fine adjustment of the vibration amplitude of each power head.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of machine tools, and in particular to a self-damping octagonal bed and a multi-station combination machine tool. Background Technology

[0002] Multi-station combination machine tools are designed for automated machining of multifaceted, multi-process, and high-volume products. They can simultaneously clamp multiple products to be processed, perform single-position clamping, and link multiple stations and axes in a single operation to complete cutting processes such as drilling, boring, turning, milling, reaming, and tapping, achieving multi-functional machining of workpieces. These machine tools are characterized by their large size, numerous machining processes, and multiple power heads, which directly leads to increased bed vibration and affects the machining accuracy.

[0003] Chinese Patent CN106271631B discloses a six-station machine tool for machining tapered sleeves, including a machine body and a hydraulic gear-type dividing table. The hydraulic gear-type dividing table is located above the machine body and is divided into six equal parts. The rotary table on the hydraulic gear-type dividing table is hexagonal, and clamping mechanisms are provided on five adjacent sides of the hexagonal outer edge of the rotary table. The machine body is sequentially provided with milling mechanism, rough boring mechanism, fine boring mechanism, drilling mechanism and tapping mechanism corresponding to the clamping mechanisms.

[0004] The existing technical solutions described above have the following drawbacks: Due to the numerous machining processes of the machine tools, light cutting and heavy cutting are performed simultaneously, causing the machine body (bed) to be polarized at the same time. This results in large relative vibrations, multiple vibration couplings, and complex vibration patterns between the workpiece and the power heads of the milling mechanism, rough boring mechanism, fine boring mechanism, drilling mechanism, and tapping mechanism, and may even cause resonance. Furthermore, due to the large size of the machine tools and the significant space constraints, the local stiffness of the machine body is weak or the stiffness changes abruptly, further amplifying the vibration. When resonance occurs, the spindles of these power heads will vibrate radially, causing friction between the tool and the workpiece, which in turn leads to the problem that the workpiece cannot meet the required accuracy after machining.

[0005] Chinese Patent CN112917233B discloses a damping system for mitigating resonance in a dual-spindle machine tool, comprising a first damper, a second damper, a shock absorber, a first spindle, and a second spindle. Both the first and second dampers contain damping fluid of different amounts. Damping fluid is adhered to the outer periphery of both the first and second spindles. The damping fluid rotates with the first and second spindles. A reflux module is provided within the first damper, guiding the damping fluid away from the first and second spindles to their outer periphery. The shock absorber connects the first and second dampers. The shock absorber includes a first damping block and a second damping block, which can reciprocate laterally under the influence of the damping fluid.

[0006] The existing technical solutions described above have the following drawbacks: The machine tool relies on the viscous resistance generated on the spindle and the thrust generated on the shock absorber during the centrifugal rotation and backflow of the damping fluid to adjust the vibration frequency between the spindles and thus avoid resonance. This makes it inconvenient to directly install the spindle of the power head on the machine tool. In actual use, the spindle and damping fluid generate a lot of heat due to high-speed rotation. In order to ensure the accuracy and stability of the spindle, liquid cooling and constant temperature measures are required, and filtration and precise pressure control may also be necessary. At the same time, the springs of the shock absorber are prone to failure after long-term use. In addition, in order to avoid leakage, the maintenance costs of the spindle, shock absorber and damper, as well as the cost of seals, are also increased. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the first objective of this invention is to provide a self-damping octagonal bed, which solves the problems of increased vibration and low machining accuracy caused by multiple machining sources installed on existing beds, and the inconvenience of installing power heads and high usage and maintenance costs of existing damping systems. It has the advantages of facilitating power head installation, automatically avoiding resonance between power heads, and reducing usage costs.

[0008] The second objective of this invention is to provide a multi-station combination machine tool, which has the advantage of facilitating fine-tuning of the vibration amplitude of each power head.

[0009] To achieve the first objective mentioned above, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0010] A self-damping octagonal bed includes multiple damping cavities arranged around a vertical direction, an inlet / outlet fluid channel connecting one of the damping cavities, and multiple guide channels connecting two adjacent damping cavities respectively; wherein, at least two damping cavities are respectively arranged opposite to the power head and have at least two partition walls, which divide the damping cavities into multiple sub-cavities connecting two adjacent guide channels, and selectively provide breaks on these partition walls.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, based on the setting of the number of workpiece entry / exit windows and the number of power heads, the number of damping cavities can be set accordingly. Furthermore, by setting the number of partition walls and selecting the fracture location, the partition wall shapes on these damping cavities can be made different, so as to correspondingly set light and heavy cutting machining points. Simultaneously, the internal space of the machine bed is mainly composed of interconnected inlet / outlet fluid channels, damping cavities, and guide channels. The damping fluid is first transported to the damping cavities through the inlet / outlet fluid channels, and can also be drawn in through these channels. This avoids direct contact with the spindle of the power head, facilitating power head installation and adjustment of the machine bed's natural frequency. The damping fluid then... The flow channels are distributed within these damping cavities and achieve radial flow through openings in some partition walls. During actual cutting, the operation of each power head causes vibrations of varying degrees. The damping fluid can flow between the damping cavities through the flow channels. Due to the small openings of the flow channels, the height of the damping fluid in each damping cavity is inconsistent at the same time, meaning that the mass of the damping fluid in each damping cavity is not equal. This results in inconsistent vibration frequencies of the damping fluid in each damping cavity, while preventing the vibration frequencies from becoming too dispersed. This effectively avoids resonance between the power heads and allows for fine-tuning of the vibration amplitude of each power head.

[0012] Furthermore, it also includes a sheet metal casing, an inner shroud disposed on the sheet metal casing, a pair of end rings disposed between the circumferential inner wall of the sheet metal casing and the circumferential outer wall of the inner shroud, and a plurality of partitions disposed between the pair of end rings. The sheet metal casing, inner shroud, end rings, and partitions together form the damping cavity. The liquid inlet / outlet channel is opened on the sheet metal casing, and the flow guide channel is opened on the partition. Preferably, the liquid inlet / outlet channel is opened at the top of the sheet metal casing, and the flow guide channel is opened at the bottom of the partition.

[0013] Furthermore, a plurality of feeding windows and at least two transverse shaft mounting rings are provided between the sheet metal casing and the inner cladding. These feeding windows and transverse shaft mounting rings are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with these damping cavities, and the partition wall passes through the circumferential outer wall of the transverse shaft mounting rings. The feeding windows are used to transfer the workpiece to be processed onto the rotary table and to remove the processed workpiece from the rotary table. The transverse shaft mounting rings are used to mount the power head.

[0014] Furthermore, the top of the sheet metal housing is provided with a centrally located pivot mounting ring and multiple longitudinal mounting rings arranged around the pivot mounting ring, each corresponding to one of the damping cavities. The pivot mounting ring is used to mount the rotary worktable, while the longitudinal mounting rings are used to mount the power head and the liquid suction pump.

[0015] Furthermore, the top of the sheet metal casing is a convex frustum shape. The conical top structure has good load-bearing capacity and can accommodate the installation of liquid suction pumps, multiple power heads, and rotary worktables on the top of the sheet metal casing.

[0016] Furthermore, reinforcing ribs are provided between the sheet metal cover and the pivot mounting ring, between the sheet metal cover and the longitudinal axis mounting ring, and between two adjacent longitudinal axis mounting rings. These reinforcing ribs help improve the load-bearing capacity of the top of the sheet metal cover.

[0017] Furthermore, the vertical projection of the sheet metal casing is circular or a regular polygon, and these damping cavities are arranged circumferentially along the sheet metal casing. For a circular structure, these damping cavities are preferably arc-shaped and arranged along the circumference of the sheet metal casing; for a regular polygonal structure, these damping cavities are preferably strip-shaped and arranged on the sides of the sheet metal casing.

[0018] Furthermore, the vertical projection of these damping cavities and flow channels is an octagon, with one damping cavity connected to the inlet and outlet fluid channels, and the remaining damping cavities arranged relative to the machine tool spindle and having three partition walls arranged in a Bagua (Eight Trigrams) shape.

[0019] Furthermore, the damping cavity connected to the inlet and outlet liquid channels is arranged relative to the feed window and located at the Kun (☷) position. The remaining damping cavities are sequentially located at the Dui (☱), Qian (☰), Kan (☵), Gen (☶), Zhen (☳), Xun (☴), and Li (☲) positions. Among them, the bed has two heavy cutting positions, located at the Qian and Xun positions respectively. Correspondingly, the partition wall on the inner side of the damping cavity at the Dui position has a break, the partition wall on the damping cavity at the Qian position does not have a break, the partition walls on the inner and outer sides of the damping cavity at the Kan position have breaks, the partition walls on the outer and middle sides of the damping cavity at the Gen position have breaks, the partition walls on the inner and middle sides of the damping cavity at the Zhen position have breaks, the partition wall on the outer side of the damping cavity at the Xun position has a break, and the partition wall in the middle of the damping cavity at the Li position has a break.

[0020] To achieve the second objective mentioned above, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0021] A multi-station combination machine tool includes a base, a bed mounted on the base, a liquid suction pump and multiple power heads mounted on the bed, a liquid delivery pipe inserted into the inlet / outlet liquid channel and connected to the output end of the liquid suction pump, a detection and control unit electrically connected to the liquid suction pump, and a rotary worktable mounted on the bed that can rotate on its own.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, the detection and control unit can detect the amount of damping fluid input into these damping cavities through detection elements such as flow meters, pressure gauges, and level gauges. It receives the detection signals detected by these elements through control elements such as the main control chip, controller, and microcontroller, and compares them with preset values ​​to selectively control the opening and closing of the liquid suction pump, and to extract or inject damping fluid. This maintains the damping fluid level in the damping cavities within an optimal range. Different fluid levels correspond to different damping fluid masses. The damping fluid mass and the bed mass determine the bed's natural frequency. Therefore, the natural frequency can be changed by adjusting the damping fluid level, effectively preventing the bed's natural frequency from being equal to or close to the excitation frequency, thus eliminating the impact of vibration on multi-station precision machining. Furthermore, the rotary table is suspended inside the bed, directly increasing the utilization rate of the machine tool's internal space. Simultaneously, cutting waste can be directly discharged onto the base through the gap between the rotary table and the bed, using the force generated by the table's rotation, facilitating waste recovery.

[0023] Furthermore, the bottom surface of the base is configured as a downwardly concave inverted frustum shape. A chip removal component may be further provided on the base to facilitate the recycling of cutting waste.

[0024] In summary, the beneficial technical effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0025] 1. The self-damping octagonal bed solves the problems of increased vibration and low machining accuracy caused by multiple machining sources installed on existing beds, as well as the inconvenience of installing power heads and the high cost of use and maintenance of existing damping systems. It has the advantages of easy installation of power heads, automatic avoidance of resonance between power heads, and reduced use costs.

[0026] 2. Multi-station combination machine tools have the advantage of facilitating fine-tuning of the vibration amplitude of each power head. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the self-damping octagonal bed of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the self-damping octagonal bed of the present invention along the vertical plane.

[0029] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the self-damping octagonal bed of the present invention along the horizontal plane.

[0030] Figure 4 This is a structural schematic diagram of the multi-station combined machine tool of the present invention.

[0031] In the diagram, 1. Base; 2. Bed; 21. Sheet metal cover; 211. Feed window; 212. Horizontal axis mounting ring; 213. Rotary axis mounting ring; 214. Vertical axis mounting ring; 215. Reinforcing rib; 22. Inner enclosure plate; 23. End ring; 24. Partition plate; 25. Damping cavity; 251. Sub-chamber; 26. Inlet / outlet liquid channel; 27. Guide channel; 28. Partition wall; 281. Break; 3. Liquid suction pump; 4. Power head; 5. Liquid delivery pipe; 6. Detection and control unit; 7. Rotary worktable. Detailed Implementation

[0032] To make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of this invention clearer and easier to understand, the invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0033] Reference Figure 1 The present invention discloses a self-damping octagonal bed, comprising a sheet metal cover 21 with a vertical orthographic projection of an octagon, an inner circumference plate 22 disposed on the sheet metal cover 21 and equally spaced within the sheet metal cover 21, a pair of octagonal end rings 23 disposed between the circumferential inner wall of the sheet metal cover 21 and the circumferential outer wall of the inner circumference plate 22, and eight partitions 24 respectively disposed between the angles of the pair of end rings 23.

[0034] Reference Figure 2 To facilitate the installation of processed parts, a feeding window 211 and seven horizontal axis mounting rings 212 are provided between the sheet metal cover 21 and the inner circumference plate 22. At the same time, the top of the sheet metal cover 21 is a convex cone shape, and a central pivot mounting ring 213 and eight longitudinal axis mounting rings 214 arranged around the pivot mounting ring 213 are provided on the top of the sheet metal cover 21. Reinforcing ribs 215 are provided between the sheet metal cover 21 and the pivot mounting ring 213, between the sheet metal cover 21 and the longitudinal axis mounting rings 214, and between two adjacent longitudinal axis mounting rings 214. Among them, the rotating shaft mounting ring 213 is used to install the rotary worktable 7, the feeding window 211 is used to transfer the workpiece to be processed onto the rotary worktable 7 and to remove the processed workpiece from the rotary worktable 7, the horizontal shaft mounting ring 212 is used to install the power head 4, and the vertical shaft mounting ring 214 is used to install the power head 4 and the liquid suction pump 3. The installation position of the liquid suction pump 3 is on the same side as the feeding window 211.

[0035] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3To achieve the self-damping function of the bed 2, eight damping cavities 25 are formed by the sheet metal cover 21, inner circumference plate 22, end ring 23, and partition plate 24. The top of the sheet metal cover 21 has an inlet / outlet fluid channel 26, and the bottom of the partition plate 24 has a guide channel 27 connecting two adjacent damping cavities 25. The vertical projection of these damping cavities 25 and guide channels 27 is a regular octagon. One damping cavity 25 is connected to the inlet / outlet fluid channel 26, and the remaining damping cavities 25 are arranged relative to the machine tool spindle and have three partition walls 28. These partition walls 28 divide the damping cavity 25 into multiple sub-cavities 251 connected to two adjacent guide channels 27, and selectively have breaks 281 on these partition walls to form a Bagua (Eight Trigrams) arrangement.

[0036] Specifically, the damping cavity 25 connected to the inlet / outlet liquid channel 26 is arranged relative to the feed window 211 and is located at the Kun (☷) position. The other damping cavities 25 are arranged sequentially at the Dui (☱), Qian (☰), Kan (☵), Gen (☶), Zhen (☳), Xun (☴), and Li (☲) positions. Among them, the bed 2 is arranged with two heavy cutting positions, located at the Qian and Xun positions respectively. Correspondingly, a break 281 is provided on the partition wall 28 inside the damping cavity 25 of the Dui position; no break 281 is provided on the partition wall 28 of the damping cavity 25 of the Qian position; a break 281 is provided on the partition walls 28 inside and outside the damping cavity 25 of the Kan position; a break 281 is provided on the partition walls 28 outside and in the middle of the damping cavity 25 of the Gen position; a break 281 is provided on the partition walls 28 inside and in the middle of the damping cavity 25 of the Zhen position; a break 281 is provided on the partition wall 28 outside the damping cavity 25 of the Xun position; and a break 281 is provided on the partition wall 28 in the middle of the damping cavity 25 of the Li position.

[0037] Based on the setting of the workpiece entry / exit windows and the number of power heads 4, the number of damping cavities 25 can be set accordingly. By setting the number of partition walls 28 and selecting the position of the fracture 281, the partition walls 28 on these damping cavities 25 can have different shapes, so as to set light cutting and heavy cutting machining points accordingly. At the same time, the internal space of the bed 2 is mainly composed of inlet / outlet fluid channels 26, damping cavities 25 and guide channels 27 interconnected in an alternating manner. The damping fluid is first transported to the damping cavities 25 through the inlet / outlet fluid channels 26, and the damping fluid can also be drawn in through the inlet / outlet fluid channels 26. This avoids direct contact with the spindle of the power head 4, which is convenient for the installation of the power head 4 and for adjusting the natural frequency of the bed 2. The damping fluid is then guided in through the guide channels. Channels 27 are distributed within these damping cavities 25 and radially connected and disconnected through openings in some partition walls 28. During actual cutting, the operation of each power head 4 will cause vibrations of different degrees. The damping fluid can flow between the damping cavities 25 through the guide channels 27. Due to the small opening of the guide channels 27, the height of the damping fluid in each damping cavity 25 is inconsistent at the same time, that is, the mass of the damping fluid in each damping cavity 25 is not equal. This will cause the vibration frequency of the damping fluid in each damping cavity 25 to be inconsistent, and the vibration frequency will not be too dispersed. This can effectively avoid resonance between the power heads 4 and can also fine-tune the vibration amplitude of each power head 4.

[0038] Reference Figure 4 The present invention also discloses a multi-station combination machine tool, including a base 1, a bed 2 disposed on the base 1, a liquid suction pump 3 and seven pairs of power heads 4 respectively disposed on a horizontal axis mounting ring 212 and a vertical axis mounting ring 214, a liquid delivery pipe 5 inserted into the inlet / outlet liquid channel 26 and connected to the output end of the liquid suction pump 3, a detection and control unit 6 electrically connected to the liquid suction pump 3, and a rotary worktable 7 rotatable and mounted on a rotating shaft mounting ring 213. The bottom surface of the base 1 is configured as a downwardly concave inverted frustum shape.

[0039] The detection and control unit 6 can detect the amount of damping fluid input into these damping cavities 25 through detection elements such as flow meters, pressure gauges, and level gauges. It receives the detection signals detected by the detection elements through control elements such as main control chip, controller, and microcontroller, and compares them with preset values ​​to selectively control the liquid suction pump 3 to start and stop, extract or inject damping fluid. This keeps the level of damping fluid in the damping cavity 25 within the optimal range. Different levels of fluid have different masses of damping fluid. The mass of damping fluid and the mass of the machine bed 2 determine the natural frequency of the machine bed 2. Therefore, the natural frequency can be changed by adjusting the level of damping fluid, thereby effectively avoiding the natural frequency of the machine bed 2 being equal to or close to the excitation frequency, and thus eliminating the impact of vibration on the multi-station precision machining of the machine tool. In addition, the rotary table 7 is suspended inside the bed 2, which can directly increase the utilization rate of the machine tool's internal space. At the same time, the cutting waste can also be directly dropped onto the base 1 through the gap between the rotary table 7 and the bed 2 by the force generated when the rotary table 7 rotates. Chip removal components can be further installed on the base 1 to facilitate the recycling of cutting waste.

[0040] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A self-damping eight-sided bedstead, characterized by: The damping cavity (25) and the flow guide channel (27) are orthographic projection in the vertical direction octagon, wherein one damping cavity (25) is communicated with the liquid inlet and outlet channel (26), and the rest of the damping cavity (25) is arranged relative to the machine tool spindle and has three partition walls (28), which are arranged in the form of after eight trigrams. The damping cavity (25) communicated with the liquid inlet and outlet channel (26) is arranged relative to the feeding window (211) and is provided on the Kun position, and the rest of the damping cavity (25) is sequentially provided on the Du, Qian, Kan, Gen, Zhen, Xun and Li positions; wherein, the bed (2) is arranged with two heavy cutting positions, which are located on the Qian and Xun positions, respectively, the partition wall (28) on the inner side of the damping cavity (25) of the Du position is provided with a break (281), the partition wall (28) of the damping cavity (25) of the Qian position is not provided with a break (281), the partition walls (28) on the inner side and the outer side of the damping cavity (25) of the Kan position are provided with breaks (281), respectively, the partition walls (28) on the outer side and the middle of the damping cavity (25) of the Gen position are provided with breaks (281), respectively, the partition walls (28) on the inner side and the middle of the damping cavity (25) of the Zhen position are provided with breaks (281), the partition wall (28) on the outer side of the damping cavity (25) of the Xun position is provided with a break (281), and the partition wall (28) on the middle of the damping cavity (25) of the Li position is provided with a break (281). It also includes a sheet metal shell (21), an inner enclosing plate (22) provided on the sheet metal shell (21), a pair of end rings (23) provided between the circumferential inner wall of the sheet metal shell (21) and the circumferential outer wall of the inner enclosing plate (22), and a plurality of partition plates (24) provided between the pair of end rings (23), wherein the sheet metal shell (21), the inner enclosing plate (22), the end ring (23) and the partition plate (24) form the damping cavity (25), the liquid inlet and outlet channel (26) is provided on the sheet metal shell (21), and the flow guide channel (27) is provided on the partition plate (24).

2. A self-damping eight-sided bedstead according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sheet metal shell (21) and the inner enclosing plate (22) are provided with a plurality of feeding windows (211) and at least two horizontal shaft mounting rings (212), and the feeding windows (211) and the horizontal shaft mounting rings (212) are arranged one by one corresponding to the damping cavities (25), and the partition wall (28) passes through the circumferential outer wall of the horizontal shaft mounting ring (212).

3. A self-damping eight-sided bedstead according to claim 2, characterized in that: ​ 4. A self-damping eight-sided bedstead according to claim 2, characterized in that: A rotating shaft mounting ring (213) is centrally arranged on the top of the metal shell (21), and a plurality of longitudinal shaft mounting rings (214) are arranged around the rotating shaft mounting ring (213), and the longitudinal shaft mounting rings (214) are arranged one-to-one corresponding to the damping cavities (25).

5. A self-damping eight-sided bedstead according to claim 4, characterized in that: The top of the metal shell (21) is a conical frustum that is upwardly convex.

6. A self-damping eight-sided bedstead according to claim 4, characterized in that: Reinforcing ribs (215) are arranged between the metal shell (21) and the rotating shaft mounting ring (213), between the metal shell (21) and the longitudinal shaft mounting ring (214), and between two adjacent longitudinal shaft mounting rings (214).

7. A self-damping eight-sided bedstead according to claim 2, characterized in that: The orthographic projection of the metal shell (21) in the vertical direction is a circle or a regular polygon, and the damping cavities (25) are arranged along the circumference of the metal shell (21).

8. A multi-station modular machine tool, characterized in that: The base (1), the bed body (2) according to any one of claims 1-7 arranged on the base (1), the liquid suction pump (3) and a plurality of power heads (4) arranged on the bed body (2), the liquid delivery pipe (5) plugged on the inlet and outlet liquid passage (26) and communicated with the output end of the liquid suction pump (3), the detection control unit (6) electrically connected to the liquid suction pump (3), and the rotary workbench (7) rotatably mounted on the bed body (2).

9. A multi-station combined machine tool according to claim 8, characterized in that: The bottom surface of the base (1) is arranged as a downwardly concave inverted conical frustum.

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