A cyclic type plugging test device based on elastic pressure feeding and equal thickness scraping

Abstract

The application provides a cyclic clogging test device based on elastic pressure feeding and equal-thickness scraping, which comprises a vertical elastic pressure feeding device, a horizontal equal-thickness scraping device, a threshing and separating device, an external circulation conveying system and a control system; the external circulation conveying system forms a closed loop circuit with the horizontal equal-thickness scraping device and the threshing and separating device; the outlet of the vertical elastic pressure feeding device is communicated with the horizontal equal-thickness scraping device, and the material is pushed into the horizontal equal-thickness scraping device through the elastic pressure action; the horizontal equal-thickness scraping device is used for outputting the material with equal thickness, and the material with equal thickness is input into the threshing and separating device through the external circulation conveying system; and the control system is used for controlling the external circulation conveying system, the threshing and separating device, the vertical elastic pressure feeding device and the horizontal equal-thickness scraping device. The application can realize the longitudinal axial flow threshing and separating internal circulation process of the material, the material is discharged through a discharge material collecting box, and then falls into the external circulation conveying system for secondary repeated circulation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery technology, and in particular to a cyclic decongestion and blockage test device based on spring-loaded feeding and equal-thickness scraping. Background Technology

[0002] The combine harvester is one of the most important harvesting equipment in my country. The threshing drum, as the main working component of the combine harvester, directly affects the subsequent cleaning, conveying, and storage processes. However, in actual field harvesting operations, factors such as insufficient operator experience, uneven road conditions, and differences in crop growth lead to continuous fluctuations in the material feed rate, causing changes in the threshing drum's workload. Furthermore, during the busy harvest season, operators, in order to expedite harvesting and planting and ensure profitability, drive combine harvesters continuously in the early morning and late evening, resulting in a continuous heavy-load feeding of moist crops, further increasing the load on the threshing drum. Both of these abnormal feeding conditions can lead to clogging of the threshing drum. If operating parameters are not adjusted in time, severe blockage can occur. Currently, field experiments using combine harvesters under different feeding conditions to test threshing drum clogging are difficult to control for factors such as differences in crop growth, feed rate variations, and moisture content in different regions, hindering the development of quantitative experimental research on threshing drum clogging. Currently, indoor testing facilities are a research method that can simulate real field trials to the greatest extent possible. Many experimental factors can be controlled and quantified, making it more convenient and controllable for conducting threshing drum clogging tests under abnormal feeding conditions. Indoor threshing drum and other test benches are generally built at a 1:1 scale. However, the components of large combine harvesters are too large, and the prototype material conveying and threshing drum benches occupy a large area. The material consumption required for the tests is enormous. At the same time, the tests are generally conducted by manually spreading materials, lacking material supply devices. Continuous automatic quantitative conveying and feeding of materials wastes time and manpower, making it inconvenient to conduct threshing drum clogging tests.

[0003] Existing technology discloses a threshing and cleaning test bench, including a conveyor belt, a conveyor bridge assembly, a threshing system, a chopping and spreading system, a cleaning system, a transmission system, a monitoring and recording system, and a frame. Its key feature is that each system component can be individually and quickly adjusted for key technical parameters; the conveyor belt and conveyor bridge assembly adjust the feed rate via a speed-regulating motor; the speed-regulating motor enables stepless speed regulation of the threshing drum; the worm gear clearance adjustment mechanism adjusts the concave plate clearance; and the parallel four-bar linkage adjusts the guide plate angle. The motor adjusts the fan speed, the cleaning screen vibration frequency, and the air distribution plate adjusts the airflow direction. The motor adjusts the moving blade speed, and the deflection angle adjustment mechanism adjusts the chopping blade angle. Torque sensors are installed on the transmission shafts of the threshing drum, screen assembly, and chopping blades to monitor and collect power consumption data of different components in real time. The test bench can test the performance of the threshing and cleaning system under multiple parameter conditions to optimize the parameters of the threshing and cleaning device. However, feeding materials manually by laying them on a 5.5m long and 1.5m wide conveyor belt will result in the test bench occupying a large area, and the material consumption for the test will be huge. If the conveyor belt is shortened and narrowed, the thickness of the laid material layer will inevitably increase, which will lead to a certain degree of blockage risk in the subsequent threshing and cleaning process. In addition, a material supply device is also needed to continuously supply the required materials to the conveyor belt.

[0004] Existing technology discloses a novel multifunctional grain threshing test bench, including a feeding and metering assembly, a frame, a threshing drum, a waste collection assembly, a power supply and transmission assembly, and a control assembly. The feeding and metering assembly is located at the front end of the threshing drum, with the unloading section close to the threshing drum's inlet. The threshing drum is bolted to the middle frame, which is also bolted to the frame. The waste collection assembly is located below the rear end of the threshing drum and is bolted to the frame. The power supply and transmission assembly is located on the side of the rear end of the threshing drum, splined to the rear shaft of the drum for power transmission. The control assembly is placed on the ground. This design can meet the needs of grain threshing tests under various changing conditions. The test bench can adjust the material feeding speed, the horizontal inclination angle of the threshing drum, and the threshing drum speed, enabling zoned collection and weighing of grains and collection of threshing debris for evaluating threshing performance. It is easy to move. However, its conveyor belt surface lacks microstructures such as biomimetic patterns, raising concerns about material slippage or rolling due to excessive conveyor belt speed. Furthermore, it lacks a material supply device, and the conveyor belt length is too short, making timely material distribution difficult.

[0005] The prior art discloses a combined tangential and longitudinal flow threshing and separation cleaning test device, including a tangential flow threshing mechanism, a longitudinal axial flow threshing mechanism, and a cleaning test bench. The device is characterized in that the output end of the material conveying device is connected to an inclined, rising conveying trough via a feeding auger; the output end of the conveying trough is close to the tangential flow threshing mechanism; the output end of the tangential flow threshing mechanism is connected to the input end of the longitudinal axial flow threshing mechanism via an auxiliary feeding wheel and a forced feeding wheel; the output end of the longitudinal axial flow threshing mechanism is connected to a straw-crushing device; and the cleaning test bench is equipped with gradually rising and interconnected shaking plates, an upper cleaning screen, and a tail screen. The two sides of the frame have side walls whose upper edges match the lower shapes of the two sides of the matching test bench frame, and sealing strips are installed on the upper edges for use with the threshing and separation test bench. The combined tangential flow threshing, separation and cleaning test device has a complete and reasonable structure, which can obtain comprehensive cleaning test results. It lays a detailed and reliable test foundation for identifying the influencing factors of the threshing, separation and cleaning process, and obtains the performance and working parameters of key components to provide a basis for the design of threshing, separation and cleaning devices for grain combine harvesters. However, the use of the prototype combined tangential flow threshing, separation and cleaning device, feeding auger, conveying trough and long conveyor belt will occupy a lot of space and squeeze the limited test site space. The material on the conveyor belt is mainly laid manually, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive, and there is a lack of automatic quantitative feeding device.

[0006] Existing technology discloses a rapeseed combine harvesting system test bench, including a conveyor belt material feeding device, a header, a longitudinal axial flow threshing drum, a cyclone separator and cleaning device, and wind speed and pressure sensors. The key feature is that the header is installed at the tail of the conveyor belt material feeding device, and the longitudinal axial flow threshing drum and cyclone separator and cleaning device are connected sequentially. A first wind speed and pressure sensor is installed at the suction port of the cyclone separator and cleaning device, and a second wind speed and pressure sensor is installed at the inlet of the cyclone separator and cleaning device. By measuring the wind speeds of both sensors, a predictive model for the grain cleanliness and loss rate of the cyclone separator and cleaning device is obtained. The performance evaluation indicators of key components can be predicted based on the predictive model's measurement and control system, resulting in a better parameter combination and enabling the test bench to be controllable and adjustable. However, the patent does not address the surface design of the conveyor belt to reduce the risk of slippage between material layers and between the material and the conveyor belt surface. There are no baffles on both sides of the conveyor belt to prevent material dispersion and falling, and an automatic quantitative feeding device is not used. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a circulating threshing and separation device for clogging prevention based on spring-loaded feeding and equal-thickness scraping. The vertical spring-loaded feeding device and the horizontal equal-thickness scraping device are positioned vertically close together, forcibly conveying material from the feeding hopper downwards. The horizontal equal-thickness scraping device forcibly conveys and scrapes the supplied material horizontally, while simultaneously controlling the thickness of the horizontally conveyed material to further organize and compact it. Material is forcibly fed into the longitudinal axial flow threshing drum through its spiral feed head. The concave plate of the longitudinal axial flow threshing drum has no gaps, allowing the material to undergo a longitudinal axial flow threshing and separation internal circulation process within the drum. The material is discharged through a discharge collection box and falls into the external circulation conveying system for secondary recycling. The motor control cabinet controls the speed of the conveyor belt motor and the threshing drum motor, working in conjunction with the horizontal equal-thickness scraping device to control normal and abnormal feeding states such as constant, continuous change, and continuous heavy load, thus achieving a clogging prevention test for the threshing and separation device.

[0008] The present invention achieves the above-mentioned technical objectives through the following technical means.

[0009] A circulating de-separation and clogging test device based on spring-loaded feeding and equal-thickness scraping includes a vertical spring-loaded feeding device A, a horizontal equal-thickness scraping device B, a threshing and separation device C, an external circulation conveying system, and a control system.

[0010] The external circulation conveying system forms a closed loop between the horizontal equal-thickness scraping device B and the threshing and separating device C; the outlet of the vertical spring-loaded feeding device A is connected to the horizontal equal-thickness scraping device B, and the material is pushed into the horizontal equal-thickness scraping device B through the spring-loaded action; the horizontal equal-thickness scraping device B is used to output material of equal thickness, and the material of equal thickness is input into the threshing and separating device C through the external circulation conveying system.

[0011] The control system is used to control the external circulation conveying system, the threshing and separating device C, the vertical spring-loaded feeding device A, and the horizontal equal-thickness scraping device B.

[0012] Furthermore, the vertical spring-loaded feeding device A includes a spring-loaded support plate, a spring pressure plate, a forced spring-loaded plate, a feeding bin, a bin platform, a feed inlet regulator, a conveyor belt, and a support frame;

[0013] The feeding hopper is installed on a hopper platform. A spring-loaded support is installed on the top of the hopper platform. A forced spring-loaded plate is placed on the upper layer of the feeding hopper. The spring-loaded support is connected to the forced spring-loaded plate through a spring pressure plate. The material in the feeding hopper is pushed vertically downward by the rebound force and the material's own weight to achieve feeding. A material feeding inlet is provided on the front side of the feeding hopper. The conveyor belt is placed directly below the feeding hopper to transport the material output from the material feeding inlet to the horizontal equal thickness scraping device B. The material feeding inlet is equipped with a feeding inlet adjuster, which is connected to the hopper platform through a support frame for manually adjusting the feeding amount.

[0014] Furthermore, the feeding hopper includes a rear baffle, a feeding hopper body, a hinge connection hole, a feeding baffle, a bottom baffle, and fish scales. The feeding hopper has a rectangular hollow structure. The rear side and bottom of the feeding hopper are respectively provided with manually pull-out rear baffles and bottom baffles, both of which adopt an L-shaped structure. The up-and-down movement of the rear baffle is used for pre-filling of materials, and the back-and-forth movement of the bottom baffle is used for feeding materials. A material feeding inlet is opened below the front end face of the feeding hopper. A movable feeding baffle is provided on the front end face of the feeding inlet. The feeding baffle is slidably connected to the feeding inlet adjuster. The feeding inlet adjuster is connected to the hopper platform through a support frame. The feeding baffle opens and closes up and down by manually changing the height of the feeding inlet adjuster. Fish scales are provided below the inner end faces on the left and right sides of the feeding hopper. The height of the fish scales is equal to the height of the material feeding inlet, which is used to prevent the material in the lower part of the feeding hopper from sliding and rolling between layers.

[0015] Furthermore, the spacing between adjacent fish scales is 10mm, the height of the fish scales is 2mm, and the radius of the fish scales is 3mm, which is used to prevent material from sliding and rolling between layers.

[0016] Furthermore, the horizontal equal thickness scraping device B includes a scraper adjuster, a hinge, an L-shaped scraper, a forced conveying table, and a forced conveying frame;

[0017] Two scraper adjusters are located on the conveyor belt support in front of the material feed inlet. An L-shaped scraper is installed between the two scraper adjusters. The L-shaped scraper includes a rear scraper and a front pressure plate. One end of the rear scraper is hinged to each of the two scraper adjusters. The height of one end of the rear scraper is changed by the scraper adjusters, allowing part of the material fed through the scraper feed inlet to control the amount of material conveyed horizontally. The other end of the rear scraper is hinged to the front pressure plate. The rear scraper is connected to the hinge hole on the front side of the feeding hopper via a hinge. By manually pulling the hinge, the distance between the L-shaped scraper and the conveyor belt is changed to level and compact the horizontally conveyed material, preventing material rollover and interlayer slippage. The conveyor belt outlet is connected to a forced conveying platform, which supports the forced conveying platform.

[0018] Furthermore, several elastic baffles are installed on both sides of the conveyor belt of the external circulation conveyor system. The elastic baffles are made of elastic material and have an L-shaped structure with an included angle of 160°. They are used to gather and convey materials to the center and forward by utilizing the rebound force.

[0019] Furthermore, the surface of the conveyor belt is provided with a matrix array of serrated patterns, the thickness of the serrated patterns is at least 2mm, the serration spacing of the serrated patterns is 7-10mm, and the serration height of the serrated patterns is at least 4mm, which is used to increase the friction between the material and the surface of the conveyor belt and prevent the bottom material from sliding due to excessive conveyor belt speed.

[0020] Furthermore, the forced conveying platform includes a housing, paddles, a forced conveying wheel, baffles, and connecting arc plates; the forced conveying wheel is supported on the forced conveying platform frame, and the housing is installed on the upper part of the forced conveying wheel; a plurality of paddles are evenly distributed on the forced conveying wheel; a connecting arc plate is provided below the forced conveying wheel for connecting the conveyor belt and the external circulation conveying system; baffles are provided on both sides of the connecting arc plate.

[0021] Furthermore, the paddle is arc-shaped, made of elastic material, and has a slanted triangular serrated structure at its top.

[0022] Furthermore, the threshing and separating device C includes a main shaft support frame, a drum fixing beam, a drum platform, a discharge collection box, a motor, and a longitudinal axial flow threshing drum. Two main shaft support frames are mounted on the drum platform, and the two ends of the main shaft of the longitudinal axial flow threshing drum are respectively supported on the two main shaft support frames. The drum fixing beam is L-shaped, with its upper end face connected to the top cover and its lower end face connected to the concave plate. Both ends of the drum fixing beam are respectively connected to the main shaft support frame. The motor is used to drive the longitudinal axial flow threshing drum, and the discharge collection box is located below the longitudinal axial flow threshing drum, through which the material is transported to the external circulation conveying system.

[0023] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0024] 1. The circulating threshing and separation anti-clogging test device based on spring-loaded feeding and equal-thickness scraping of the present invention comprises a vertical spring-loaded feeding device and a horizontal equal-thickness scraping device closely positioned vertically, forcibly conveying material from the feeding bin downwards. The horizontal equal-thickness scraping device forcibly conveys and scrapes the supplied material horizontally, while controlling the thickness of the material during horizontal conveying, further organizing and compacting the horizontally conveyed material. The material is forcibly fed into the longitudinal axial flow threshing drum through a spiral feed head. The concave plate of the longitudinal axial flow threshing drum has no gaps, and the material achieves a longitudinal axial flow threshing and separation internal circulation process in the threshing drum. The material is discharged through the discharge collection box and falls into the external circulation conveying system for secondary recycling. The motor control cabinet controls the speed of the conveyor belt motor and the threshing drum motor, and together with the horizontal equal-thickness scraping device, controls the normal and abnormal feeding states such as constant, continuous change, and continuous heavy load of the material, realizing the anti-clogging test of the threshing and separation device.

[0025] 2. The circulating separation and blockage test device based on elastic pressure feeding and equal thickness scraping described in this invention has an overall length of 4500mm and a width of 2300mm. The conveyor belt is 1600mm long and 380mm wide. The test platform has a compact and short structure, occupies less laboratory space, and greatly improves the space utilization of the laboratory. At the same time, the short conveyor belt reduces the material laying length. The internal and external circulation conveying system can reuse materials multiple times, reducing resource waste.

[0026] 3. The circulating threshing and clogging test device based on spring-loaded feeding and equal-thickness scraping described in this invention uses a vertical spring-loaded feeding principle to supply materials to the threshing drum continuously. Fish-scale plates are welded inside the feeding bin to prevent the material being conveyed from the lower part from rolling over with the material not being conveyed from the upper part within the bin. An L-shaped scraper can horizontally convey the material supplied to the material inlet with equal thickness, achieving material flatness and compaction, preventing material slippage and rolling. A forced conveying platform can further compact the horizontally conveyed material and enhance the conveying effect. By adjusting the conveyor belt motor speed, the height of the L-shaped scraper, and the height of the material inlet, quantitative control of normal or abnormal feeding states such as continuous material variation, constant material flow, and continuous heavy load can be achieved, allowing for the conduct of clogging tests on the threshing drum under different feeding states.

[0027] 4. The circulating separation and blockage test device based on elastic pressure feeding and equal thickness scraping described in this invention has elastic baffles on both sides of the conveyor belt that can gather and transport materials to the middle and front of the conveyor belt to prevent material overflow and drop; the serrated pattern on the surface of the conveyor belt can increase the friction between the material and the surface of the conveyor belt, reducing the material layer slippage caused by excessive conveyor belt speed.

[0028] 5. The circulating threshing and clogging test device based on spring pressure feeding and equal thickness scraping described in this invention can realize the forced feeding of materials by the spiral feeding head and shell of the longitudinal axial flow threshing drum, and the concave plate realizes the longitudinal axial flow internal circulation threshing and separation process. Sensors are installed to collect signals and monitor the working status of the threshing drum under normal or abnormal feeding conditions.

[0029] 6. The circulating separation and blockage test device based on spring pressure feeding and equal thickness scraping described in this invention has casters installed on the roller stand, conveyor belt, external circulation conveying system, hopper stand, and forced conveying stand, which can move freely and achieve close matching between different modules. Attached Figure Description

[0030] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. The drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, it is obvious that other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0031] Figure 1 This is an isometric view of the cyclic desiccation and blockage test device based on elastic pressure feeding and equal thickness scraping as described in this invention.

[0032] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the vertical spring-loaded feeding and horizontal equal-thickness scraper sequential conveying process described in this invention.

[0033] Figure 3 This is an axial view of the vertical spring-loaded feeding principle and structure described in this invention.

[0034] Figure 4 This is an axial view of the feeding hopper described in this invention;

[0035] Figure 5 This is a partially enlarged view of the fish scales described in this invention;

[0036] Figure 6 This is an exploded view of the feeding hopper described in this invention;

[0037] Figure 7 This is an axial view of the conveyor belt described in this invention;

[0038] Figure 8 This is a partial enlarged view of the serrated pattern described in this invention;

[0039] Figure 9 This is an axial view of the elastic baffle described in this invention;

[0040] Figure 10 This is an axial view of the L-shaped scraper described in this invention;

[0041] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the hinge connection principle described in this invention;

[0042] Figure 12 This is an exploded view of the forced conveying table described in this invention;

[0043] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the material compaction and forced conveying process described in this invention;

[0044] Figure 14 This is a partially enlarged view of the paddle described in this invention;

[0045] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the unfolded concave plate sieve described in this invention;

[0046] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the forced feeding of materials, longitudinal axial flow internal circulation threshing and separation, and external circulation conveying process described in this invention;

[0047] Figure 17 This is a partial front view of the intersection of the material supply, conveying, and recycling devices described in this invention;

[0048] Figure 18 This is a partial top view of the intersection of the material supply, conveying, and recycling devices described in this invention;

[0049] In the picture:

[0050] A-Vertical spring-loaded feeding device; B-Horizontal equal-thickness scraping and conveying device; C-Threshing and separating device; 1-Spring-loaded support plate; 2-Spring pressure plate; 3-Forced spring-loaded plate; 4-Feeding bin; 4-1-Rear side baffle; 4-2-Feeding bin body; 4-3-Hinge connection hole; 4-4-Feeding baffle; 4-5-Bottom baffle; 4-6-Fish scale plate; 5-Binding bin frame; 6-Feeding inlet regulator; 7-Conveyor belt; 7-1-Serrated pattern; 7-2-Conveyor belt frame; 8-Support frame; 9-Scraper regulator; 10-Hinge; 11- 11-1-L-type rear scraper; 11-2-L-type front pressure plate; 12-Elastic baffle; 13-Forced conveying table; 13-1-Housing shell; 13-2-Paddle; 13-3-Forced conveying wheel; 13-4-Baffle; 13-5-Connecting arc plate; 14-Forced conveying frame; 15-External circulation conveying system; 16-Main shaft support frame; 17-Drum fixed beam; 18-Drum frame; 19-Discharge collection box; 20-Motor; 21-Longitudinal axial flow threshing drum; 21-1-Concave plate; 22-Control system. Detailed Implementation

[0051] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0052] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "axial," "radial," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0053] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0054] like Figure 1 As shown, the circulating threshing and separation device based on spring-loaded feeding and equal-thickness scraping of the present invention includes a vertical spring-loaded feeding device A, a horizontal equal-thickness scraping device B, a threshing and separation device C, an external circulation conveying system 15, and a control system 22. The external circulation conveying system 15 forms a closed loop between the horizontal equal-thickness scraping device B and the threshing and separation device C. The outlet of the vertical spring-loaded feeding device A is connected to the horizontal equal-thickness scraping device B, and the material is pushed into the horizontal equal-thickness scraping device B through spring-loaded action. The horizontal equal-thickness scraping device B is used to output material of equal thickness, and the material of equal thickness is input into the threshing and separation device C through the external circulation conveying system 15. The control system 22 can control the external circulation conveying system 15, the threshing and separation device C, the vertical spring-loaded feeding device A, and the horizontal equal-thickness scraping device B. The vertical spring-loaded feeding device A and the horizontal equal-thickness scraping device C are connected in a closed loop. The equal-thickness scraping device B is closely positioned vertically, forcibly conveying the material in the feed hopper downwards. The horizontal equal-thickness scraping device B forces the supplied material to be conveyed horizontally and scraped, while controlling the thickness of the material during horizontal conveying. This further organizes and compacts the material during horizontal conveying. The material is forcibly fed into the longitudinal axial flow threshing drum through the spiral feed head. The concave plate of the longitudinal axial flow threshing drum has no gaps, and the material achieves a longitudinal axial flow threshing and separation internal circulation process in the threshing drum. The material is discharged through the discharge collection box and falls into the external circulation conveying system for secondary recycling. The control system 22 controls the speed of the motors of the conveyor belt and the threshing drum, and together with the horizontal equal-thickness scraping device, controls the normal and abnormal feeding states such as constant, continuous change, and continuous heavy load of the material. This enables the threshing and separation device to perform a blockage test, simulating various changes in feeding volume and realizing the simulation of various working conditions.

[0055] like Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the vertical spring-loaded feeding device A includes a spring-loaded support plate 1, a spring pressure plate 2, a forced spring-loaded plate 3, a feeding bin 4, a bin frame 5, a feed inlet regulator 6, a conveyor belt 7, and a support frame 8. The feeding bin 4 is installed on the bin frame 5. The spring-loaded support 1 is installed on the top of the bin frame 5. The forced spring-loaded plate 3 is placed on the upper layer of the feeding bin 4. The spring-loaded support 1 is connected to the forced spring-loaded plate 3 through the spring pressure plate 2. The material in the feeding bin 4 is pushed vertically downward by the rebound force and the weight of the material to achieve feeding. The feeding bin 4 has a material feeding inlet on its front side. The conveyor belt 7 is placed directly below the feeding bin 4 to transport the material output from the material feeding inlet to the horizontal equal-thickness scraper B. The material feeding inlet is equipped with a feed inlet regulator 6, which is connected to the bin frame 5 through the support frame 8 for manually adjusting the feeding amount. When the material is prefilled, the forced spring plate 3 and the spring pressure plate 2 are continuously squeezed upwards, and the rebound force increases continuously. When the material needs to be supplied, the forced spring plate 3 continuously pushes the material downwards vertically under the action of the rebound force of the spring pressure plate 2, its own force, and the gravity of the material, so as to realize continuous vertical spring pressure feeding and prevent the material from stagnating in the feeding bin 4.

[0056] like Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, the feeding bin 4 includes a rear baffle 4-1, a feeding bin body 4-2, a hinge connection hole 4-3, a feeding baffle 4-4, a bottom baffle 4-5, and fish scales 4-6. The feeding bin 4 is a rectangular hollow structure with an overall length of 750mm and a height of 1040mm. It has a large material storage space to meet the material feeding requirements. Three reinforcing ribs are welded at intervals on both sides of the rear of the feeding bin 4 to enhance the stability of the overall structure. The rear side and bottom of the feeding bin 4 are respectively provided with a manually pull-out rear baffle 4-1 and a bottom baffle 4-5, both of which adopt an L-shaped structure and are longer than the height and length of the feeding bin body 4-2. The up and down movement of the rear baffle 4-1 is used for pre-filling of materials, and the back and forth movement of the bottom baffle 4-5 is used to facilitate the vertical supply of materials to the conveyor belt 7. The feeding bin body 4-2 is 320mm wide, slightly wider than the conveyor belt 7, which facilitates material unloading. The front end face of the feeding bin 4 is welded with a hinge connection hole 4-3, which can fix the L-shaped scraper 11 at three points. The material feeding inlet is located below the front end face of the feeding bin 4. The height of the material feeding inlet is 200mm. A movable feeding baffle 4-4 is provided on the front end face of the feeding inlet. The feeding baffle 4-4 is slidably connected to the feeding inlet adjuster 6. The feeding inlet adjuster 6 is connected to the bin platform 5 through a support frame 8. By manually changing the height of the feeding inlet adjuster 6, the feeding baffle 4-4 is moved up and down to adjust the maximum initial thickness of the supplied material. Fish scales 4-6 are provided below the inner end faces on the left and right sides of the feeding bin 4. The height of the fish scales 4-6 is equal to the height of the material feeding inlet. They are used to prevent the material in the lower part of the feeding bin 4 from sliding and rolling between layers.

[0057] Fish scales 4-6 are provided on the lower inner end face of the left and right sides of the feeding bin 4. The overall height is 200mm and the length is 700mm. They adopt the biomimetic principle of fish scales and the array arrangement. The distance between adjacent fish scales 4-6 is 10mm. The height of fish scales 4-6 is 2mm. The radius of fish scales 4-6 is 3mm to prevent the material from sliding and rolling between the upper and lower layers. The two sides of the feeding bin 4 are connected to the bin platform 5 by bolts.

[0058] like Figure 1 and Figure 7 As shown, the horizontal equal-thickness scraping and conveying device B includes a scraper adjuster 9, a hinge 10, an L-shaped scraper 11, a forced conveying table 13, and a forced conveying frame 14; two scraper adjusters 9 are located on the conveyor belt support in front of the material feeding inlet, and an L-shaped scraper 11 is installed between the two scraper adjusters 9. The L-shaped scraper includes a rear scraper 11-1 and a front pressure plate 11-2, as shown... Figure 10 and Figure 11As shown; one end of the rear scraper 11-1 is hinged to two scraper adjusters 9 respectively. The height of one end of the rear scraper 11-1 is changed by the scraper adjusters 9, and part of the material conveyed by the scraper feeds inlet through the scraper to control the amount of material conveyed horizontally; the other end of the rear scraper 11-1 is hinged to the front pressure plate 11-2. The rear scraper 11-1 is connected to the hinge hole 4-3 on the front side of the feeding bin 4 through the hinge 10. By manually pulling the hinge 10, the distance between the L-shaped scraper 11 and the conveyor belt 7 is changed to flatten and compact the horizontally conveyed material and prevent the material from rolling and sliding between layers; the outlet of the conveyor belt 7 is connected to the forced conveying table 13, and the forced conveying table 14 is used to support the forced conveying table 13.

[0059] like Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the conveyor belt 7 has an overall length of 1600mm, a width of 380mm, and a width of 300mm. It is closely attached to the lower end of the feeding bin 4, which facilitates the horizontal and uniform thickness conveying of materials. At the same time, its short length makes it easy to arrange indoors and occupies little space. The surface of the conveyor belt 7 is provided with a matrix array of sawtooth patterns 7-1. The thickness of the sawtooth pattern 7-1 is at least 2mm, the sawtooth spacing of the sawtooth pattern 7-1 is 7-10mm, and the sawtooth height of the sawtooth pattern 7-1 is at least 4mm. This is used to increase the friction between the material and the surface of the conveyor belt and prevent the material at the bottom layer from sliding due to excessive conveyor belt speed.

[0060] like Figure 1 and Figure 9 As shown, several elastic baffles 12 are installed on both sides of the conveyor belt of the external circulation conveying system 15 and on both sides of the conveyor belt 7. The elastic baffles 12 are made of elastic material and have an L-shaped structure with an included angle of 160°. They are used to gather and convey materials to the middle and front by using rebound force, which can prevent excessive horizontal conveying of materials from causing overflow and side fall. The elastic baffles 12 are 200mm high and 120mm apart.

[0061] like Figure 10 and Figure 11As shown, the L-shaped scraper 11 includes an L-shaped rear scraper 11-1 and an L-shaped front pressure plate 11-2. The L-shaped rear scraper 11-1 is connected to the scraper adjuster 9 via a rotating shaft. The scraper adjuster 9 is connected to both sides of the conveyor belt 7 by bolts, and its height can be manually adjusted to change the height of the rear end of the L-shaped rear scraper 11-1, thereby changing the position and magnitude of the center of gravity and the downward pressure. It scrapes and blocks part of the material conveyed from the material feed inlet to prevent the material from rolling. The L-shaped rear scraper 11-1 is hinged to the hinge connection hole 4-3 of the feeding bin 4 via a hinge 10, which stabilizes the L-shaped scraper 11 at three points. The L-shaped front pressure plate 11-2 is connected to the L-shaped rear scraper 11-1 via a pin and can rotate freely to flatten and initially sort the material layer being scraped. The L-shaped scraper 11 can work together with the motor speed of the conveyor belt 7 and the feed inlet adjuster 5 to control the amount of material passing through.

[0062] like Figure 12 , Figure 13 and Figure 14 As shown, the forced conveying platform 13 includes a housing 13-1, paddles 13-2, a forced conveying wheel 13-3, baffles 13-4, and a connecting arc plate 13-5. The forced conveying wheel 13-3 is supported on the forced conveying frame 14, and the housing 13-1 is installed on the upper part of the forced conveying wheel 13-3. Several paddles 13-2 are evenly distributed on the forced conveying wheel 13-3. A connecting arc plate 13-5 is provided below the forced conveying wheel 13-3 to connect the conveyor belt 7 and the external circulation conveying system 15, realizing the compaction and smooth transition of material conveying. Baffles 13-4 are provided on both sides of the connecting arc plate 13-5, and the minimum gap between the middle arc section of the connecting arc plate 13-5 and the paddles 13-2 is 50mm. The paddles 13-2 are arc-shaped, made of elastic material, and have a slanted triangular serrated structure at the top, which can grip the material firmly, prevent slippage, and further enhance the conveying capacity. One end of the forced conveying wheel 13-3 is connected to the power mechanism via belt drive, which is used to drive the forced conveying wheel 13-3 to rotate.

[0063] The vertical spring-loaded feeding device A is connected to the L-shaped scraper in the horizontal equal-thickness scraping device B. The material is placed in the feeding bin 4 in an orderly cross-shaped manner in both directions. Under the action of spring pressure, the material in the bin is forcibly pushed. The material falling vertically onto the conveyor belt 7 is conveyed to the position of the L-shaped scraper in the horizontal equal-thickness scraping device B through the feeding inlet. The L-shaped scraper can scrape off excess material, control the thickness of the material conveyed horizontally, and at the same time, it can sort and compact the material conveyed horizontally. The elastic baffle 12 in the horizontal equal-thickness scraping device B gathers the material towards the middle of the conveyor belt to prevent scattering and overflow. The material is continuously conveyed to the forced conveying table 13 of the horizontal equal-thickness scraping device B for further compaction and forced conveying of the material.

[0064] like Figure 15As shown, the threshing and separating device C includes a main shaft support frame 16, a drum fixing beam 17, a drum platform 18, a discharge collection box 19, a motor 20, and a longitudinal axial flow threshing drum 21. Two main shaft support frames 16 are mounted on the drum platform 18, and the two ends of the main shaft of the longitudinal axial flow threshing drum 21 are respectively supported on the two main shaft support frames 16. The drum fixing beam 17 is L-shaped, with its upper end face connected to the top cover and its lower end face connected to the concave plate 21-1. Both ends of the drum fixing beam 17 are respectively connected to the main shaft support frame 16. The motor 20 is used to drive the longitudinal axial flow threshing drum 21. The discharge collection box 19 is located below the longitudinal axial flow threshing drum 21 and conveys the material to the external circulation conveying system 15 through the discharge collection box 19.

[0065] The longitudinal axial flow threshing drum 21 is designed with structural parameters of each component according to a 1:2 scale of the prototype. The overall length is 1000mm and the outer diameter is 380mm, which reduces the laboratory space occupied. The protruding parts on both sides of the concave plate 21-1 are connected to the upper end of the drum fixing beam 17 by bolts. The two ends of the drum fixing beam 17 are connected to the inner end face of the main shaft support frame 16 by bolts. The main shaft support frame 16 is fixed to the upper end face of the drum platform 18 through holes and pins, which together realize the fixation of the longitudinal axial flow threshing drum 21. The discharge concentrator 19 is connected to the rear end of the concave plate 21-1 by bolts to collect and recycle the discharged rice. The spiral feed head and spiral feed hood can force the horizontally conveyed material to be fed in.

[0066] like Figure 16 , Figure 17 and Figure 18 As shown, the concave plate 21-1 of the longitudinal axial flow threshing drum 21 can realize the longitudinal axial flow internal circulation threshing and separation process. The external circulation conveying system 15 uses several conveyor belts of various types to form an external circulation conveying body. It combines vertical spring pressure feeding and horizontal equal thickness conveying to realize the functions of material supply, conveying, forced feeding, and recycling. The external circulation conveying system 15 is parallel to the vertical spring pressure feeding device A and the horizontal equal thickness scraping device B on both sides, and there is a certain height difference, which is slightly greater than the height of the elastic baffle 12, which facilitates the supply and conveying of materials. The frames of the three can be interspersed without interfering with each other.

[0067] The invention describes a circulating decontamination and blockage test device based on elastic pressure feeding and equal thickness scraping. The device has an overall length of 4500mm and a width of 2300mm, with a conveyor belt length of 1600mm and a width of 380mm. The test platform has a compact and short structure, occupying less laboratory space and greatly improving the space utilization of the laboratory. At the same time, the short conveyor belt reduces the material laying length. The internal and external circulation conveying system can reuse materials multiple times, reducing resource waste.

[0068] It should be understood that although this specification is described according to various embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This way of describing the specification is only for clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other implementation methods that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

[0069] The detailed descriptions listed above are merely specific illustrations of feasible embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. All equivalent embodiments or modifications made without departing from the spirit of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A circulating separation and clogging test device based on spring-loaded feeding and equal-thickness scraping, characterized in that, It includes a vertical spring-loaded feeding device A, a horizontal equal-thickness scraping device B, a threshing and separating device C, an external circulation conveying system (15), and a control system (22). The external circulation conveying system (15) forms a closed loop between the horizontal equal thickness scraping device B and the threshing and separating device C; the outlet of the vertical spring pressure feeding device A is connected to the horizontal equal thickness scraping device B, and the material is pushed into the horizontal equal thickness scraping device B through the spring pressure action; the horizontal equal thickness scraping device B is used to output material of equal thickness, and the material of equal thickness is input into the threshing and separating device C through the external circulation conveying system (15); The control system (22) is used to control the external circulation conveying system (15), the threshing and separating device C, the vertical spring pressing feeding device A, and the horizontal equal thickness scraping device B; The vertical spring-loaded feeding device A includes a spring-loaded support plate (1), a spring pressure plate (2), a forced spring-loaded plate (3), a feeding bin (4), a bin platform (5), a feed inlet regulator (6), a conveyor belt (7), and a support frame (8). The feeding bin (4) is installed on the bin platform (5). The top of the bin platform (5) is equipped with a spring-loaded support plate (1). A forced spring-loaded plate (3) is placed on the upper layer of the feeding bin (4). The spring-loaded support plate (1) is connected to the forced spring-loaded plate (3) through a spring pressure plate (2). The material in the feeding bin (4) is pushed vertically downward by the rebound force and the weight of the material to achieve feeding. The feeding bin (4) has a material feeding inlet on the front side. The conveyor belt (7) is placed directly below the feeding bin (4) to transport the material output from the material feeding inlet to the horizontal equal thickness scraping device B. The material feeding inlet is equipped with a feeding inlet regulator (6). The feeding inlet regulator (6) is connected to the bin platform (5) through a support frame (8) to manually adjust the feeding amount. The horizontal equal thickness scraping device B includes a scraper adjuster (9), a hinge (10), an L-shaped scraper (11), a forced conveying table (13), and a forced conveying frame (14). Two scraper adjusters (9) are located on the conveyor belt support in front of the material feed inlet. An L-shaped scraper (11) is installed between the two scraper adjusters (9). The L-shaped scraper includes a rear scraper (11-1) and a front pressure plate (11-2). One end of the rear scraper (11-1) is hinged to the two scraper adjusters (9). The height of one end of the rear scraper (11-1) is changed by the scraper adjusters (9). Part of the material conveyed by the scraper feed inlet is used to control the amount of material conveyed horizontally. The rear scraper (11-1) 11-1) The other end is hinged to the front pressure plate (11-2). The rear scraper (11-1) is connected to the hinge hole (4-3) on the front side of the feeding bin (4) through the hinge (10). By manually stretching the hinge (10), the distance between the L-shaped scraper (11) and the conveyor belt (7) is changed to flatten and compact the horizontally conveyed material and prevent the material from rolling and sliding between layers. The outlet of the conveyor belt (7) is connected to the forced conveying table (13). The forced conveying table (14) is used to support the forced conveying table (13).

2. The circulating separation and blockage test device based on elastic pressure feeding and equal thickness scraping according to claim 1, characterized in that, The feeding bin (4) includes a rear baffle (4-1), a feeding bin body (4-2), a hinge hole (4-3), a feeding baffle (4-4), a bottom baffle (4-5), and fish scales (4-6); the feeding bin (4) is a rectangular hollow structure. The rear side and bottom of the feeding bin (4) are respectively provided with manually pull-out rear baffle (4-1) and bottom baffle (4-5), both of which adopt an L-shaped structure. The up and down movement of the rear baffle (4-1) is used for pre-filling of materials, and the back and forth movement of the bottom baffle (4-5) is used for supplying materials; the lower part of the front face of the feeding bin (4) The feeding inlet is provided with a material feeding inlet. A movable feeding baffle (4-4) is provided on the front end face of the feeding inlet. The feeding baffle (4-4) is slidably connected to the feeding inlet regulator (6). The feeding inlet regulator (6) is connected to the hopper platform (5) through a support frame (8). The feeding baffle (4-4) can be opened and closed by manually changing the height of the feeding inlet regulator (6). Fish scales (4-6) are provided below the inner end faces on the left and right sides of the feeding hopper (4). The height of the fish scales (4-6) is equal to the height of the material feeding inlet. They are used to prevent the material in the lower part of the feeding hopper (4) from sliding and rolling between layers.

3. The circulating separation and clogging test device based on elastic pressure feeding and equal thickness scraping according to claim 2, characterized in that, The spacing between adjacent fish scales (4-6) is 10 mm, the height of the fish scales (4-6) is 2 mm, and the radius of the fish scales (4-6) is 3 mm, which is used to prevent the material from sliding and rolling between layers.

4. The circulating separation and blockage test device based on elastic pressure feeding and equal thickness scraping according to claim 1, characterized in that, Several elastic baffles (12) are installed on both sides of the external circulation conveying system (15) and both sides of the conveyor belt (7). The elastic baffles (12) are made of elastic material and have an L-shaped structure with an included angle of 160°. They are used to gather and convey materials to the middle and front by using rebound force.

5. The circulating separation and blockage test device based on elastic pressure feeding and equal thickness scraping according to claim 1, characterized in that, The surface of the conveyor belt (7) is provided with a matrix array of sawtooth patterns (7-1), the thickness of the sawtooth patterns (7-1) is at least 2 mm, the sawtooth spacing of the sawtooth patterns (7-1) is 7-10 mm, and the sawtooth height of the sawtooth patterns (7-1) is at least 4 mm, which is used to increase the friction between the material and the surface of the conveyor belt and prevent the bottom material from sliding due to excessive conveyor belt speed.

6. The circulating separation and clogging test device based on elastic pressure feeding and equal thickness scraping according to claim 1, characterized in that, The forced conveying platform (13) includes a housing (13-1), paddles (13-2), a forced conveying wheel (13-3), a baffle (13-4), and a connecting arc plate (13-5); the forced conveying wheel (13-3) is supported on the forced conveying platform (14), and the housing (13-1) is installed on the upper part of the forced conveying wheel (13-3); a number of paddles (13-2) are evenly distributed on the forced conveying wheel (13-3); a connecting arc plate (13-5) is provided below the forced conveying wheel (13-3) for connecting the conveyor belt (7) and the external circulation conveying system (15); baffles (13-4) are provided on both sides of the connecting arc plate (13-5).

7. The circulating separation and blockage test device based on elastic pressure feeding and equal thickness scraping according to claim 6, characterized in that, The paddle (13-2) is arc-shaped and made of elastic material. The top of the paddle (13-2) has a slanted triangular serrated structure.

8. The circulating separation and blockage test device based on elastic pressure feeding and equal thickness scraping according to claim 1, characterized in that, The threshing and separating device C includes a main shaft support frame (16), a drum fixing beam (17), a drum platform (18), a discharge collection box (19), a motor (20), and a longitudinal axial flow threshing drum (21). The two main shaft support frames (16) are installed on the drum platform (18), and the two ends of the main shaft of the longitudinal axial flow threshing drum (21) are respectively supported on the two main shaft support frames (16). The drum fixing beam (17) is L-shaped. The upper end face of the drum fixing beam (17) is connected to the top cover, and the lower end face of the drum fixing beam (17) is connected to the concave plate (21-1). The two ends of the drum fixing beam (17) are respectively connected to the main shaft support frame (16). The motor (20) is used to drive the longitudinal axial flow threshing drum (21). The discharge collection box (19) is located below the longitudinal axial flow threshing drum (21), and the material is transported to the external circulation conveying system (15) through the discharge collection box (19).

Images