A downhole sidetracking rotary steering tool

Abstract

The present invention relates to a downhole side drilling rotary steering tool for drill bit guidance. The tool is mainly composed of a guiding steering mechanism, a rotating transmission mechanism, a hydraulic anchoring mechanism, and a power control mechanism. The guiding steering mechanism is composed of a straightening head, an upper shell, a guide tube, an inclined body, a connecting block, a shell, a straightening body, a limit plate, a ratchet spring, a ratchet plate, and a driver. The rotating transmission mechanism is composed of a central positioning shaft, a limit block, an outer gear ring, a planetary gear drive shaft, a planetary gear, a support frame, a fastening bracket, a motor support frame, and a motor. The hydraulic anchoring mechanism is composed of a flexible hydraulic pipe, an outer shell tube, a one-way valve, an anchoring body, an anchoring limit plate, a spring, an anchoring plate, and a solenoid valve. The power control mechanism is composed of a lower shell, a heat insulation tube, a circuit control board, and a battery. The present invention has a reliable structure and can circumferentially drill multiple small wellbores at a single-layer wellbore position, saving time and cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of petroleum drilling equipment and relates to a downhole sidetracking rotary steering tool for drill bit guidance. Background Art

[0002] As most of my country's old oil fields enter the middle and late stages of development, the working conditions of a large number of oil wells are deteriorating. They are faced with the problem of declining single-well production year by year and a large amount of remaining reserves that cannot be effectively exploited. In addition, resources such as small marginal oil reservoirs, block oil reservoirs, thin oil layers, and low permeability oil reservoirs cannot be ignored.

[0003] At present, radial well technology has been initially applied on site, which can penetrate the near-well contamination zone, significantly increase the oil leakage radius, and improve the production capacity of oil and gas wells and the injection efficiency of water injection wells. Therefore, in order to meet the needs of radial wellbore steering, break through the limitations of the use of whipstock, and design a downhole sidetracking rotary steering tool, which can complete the drilling of multiple small wellbores on a single wellbore position, saving time and cost. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention designs a downhole side-drilling rotary steering tool, which solves the problem of frequent failure and movement of the whipstock during the side-drilling process of the casing window opening in oil drilling, and the technical problem that the whipstock can only be recovered once and has a low recovery success rate in the prior art.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0006] A downhole side drilling rotary steering tool is mainly composed of a guide steering mechanism, a rotary transmission mechanism, a hydraulic anchoring mechanism, and a power control mechanism; the guide steering mechanism is composed of a straightening head, an upper shell, a guide tube, an oblique body, a connecting block, a shell, a straightening body, a limit plate, a ratchet spring, a ratchet plate, and a driver; the upper shell is threadedly connected to the straightening head, the lower end internal thread is threadedly connected to the connecting block, and the upper shell is keyed to the oblique body; the guide tube is connected to the straightening head by a pin, and the guide tube wall is close to the guide surface of the oblique body; the shell and the connecting block are matched by a bearing, the outer wall of the shell is welded with the straightening body, and the inner wall of the shell adopts a ratchet structure to mesh with the ratchet plate on the oblique body; the rotary transmission mechanism is composed of a center positioning shaft, a limit block, an outer gear ring, a planetary gear drive shaft, a planetary gear, a support frame, a fastening bracket, a motor support frame, and a motor. ; The center positioning shaft and the limit block are fixed to the bottom of the inclined body by screws, and the support frame fixes the center positioning shaft; the outer ring gear is fixed to the bottom of the inclined body by screws, and the outer ring gear is meshed with the planetary gear; the planetary drive shaft is fixed in axial position by the support frame and is connected to the motor shaft by gears; the motor is fixed by the motor support frame by screws; the hydraulic anchoring mechanism is composed of a flexible hydraulic pipe, an outer shell cylinder, a one-way valve, an anchor body, an anchor limit plate, a spring, an anchor plate, and a solenoid valve; the flexible hydraulic pipe is threadedly connected to the upper end of the one-way valve and sealed; the anchor limit plate is fixed to both sides of the anchor body by screws, and cooperates with the spring to limit the anchor plate; the solenoid valve is fixed to the oil leakage circuit to control the leakage of hydraulic oil; the power supply control mechanism is composed of a lower outer shell, an insulation cylinder, a circuit control board, and a battery; the insulation cylinder has a wire hole for the power cord to pass through.

[0007] A downhole side drilling rotary steering tool in the above scheme is provided with a hydraulic pipe hole and a pin hole on the straightening head; a window is provided on the side section of the upper shell, and a limit key keyway is provided at the lower end; a fixing pin hole is provided on the guide tube; a limit key, a ratchet groove and a screw hole are provided on the inclined body; and a shaft shoulder, a shaft groove, a keyway and a cable hole are provided on the center positioning shaft.

[0008] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0009] (1) This tool can avoid repeated drilling and adjust the circumferential window orientation of the sidetracking, further reducing operating costs.

[0010] (2) The tool has a reliable transmission mechanism and a simple structure, and is suitable for a variety of working conditions;

[0011] (3) The tool adopts hydraulic anchoring method, which is easy to operate and control and can generate greater gripping force; BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a downhole sidetracking rotary steering tool of the present invention;

[0013] Figure 2It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the righting head of the present invention;

[0014] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the upper shell structure of the present invention

[0015] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the guide tube structure of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the oblique body structure of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the central positioning shaft structure of the present invention;

[0018] In the figure: 1. Straightening head, 1a. Hydraulic pipe hole, 1b. Pin hole; 2. Hydraulic pipe; 3. Upper shell, 3a. Window, 3b. Limit key slot; 4. Guide tube, 4a. Fixed pin hole; 5. Oblique body, 5a. Limit key, 5b. Ratchet slot, 5c. Screw hole; 6. Connecting block; 7. Shell; 8. Straightening body; 9. Limit plate; 10. Ratchet spring; 11. Ratchet plate; 12. Driver; 13. Centering shaft, 13a. Shoulder, 13b. Shaft slot, 13c key slot, 13d cable hole; 14. limit block; 15. outer ring gear; 16. planetary gear drive shaft; 17. planetary gear; 18. support frame; 19. fastening bracket; 20. motor support frame; 21. motor; 22. outer shell tube; 23. one-way valve; 24. anchor body; 25. anchor limit plate; 26. spring; 27. anchor plate; 28. solenoid valve; 29. ​​lower shell; 30. insulation tube; 31. circuit control board; 32. battery. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:

[0020] See attached Figure 1The present invention is a downhole sidetracking rotary steering tool, which is mainly composed of a guide steering mechanism, a rotary transmission mechanism, a hydraulic anchoring mechanism, and a power control mechanism; the guide steering mechanism is composed of a straightening head 1, an upper shell 3, a guide tube 4, an inclined body 5, a connecting block 6, a shell 7, a straightening body 8, a limit plate 9, a ratchet spring 10, a ratchet plate 11, and a driver 12; the upper shell 3 is threadedly connected to the straightening head 1, and the lower end internal thread is threadedly connected to the connecting block 6; the guide tube 4 is connected to the straightening head 1 by a pin, and ... The wall of the tube 4 is close to the guide surface of the oblique body 5, and the upper shell 3 is key-connected with the oblique body 5; the shell 7 and the connecting block 6 are matched through bearings, the outer wall of the shell 7 is welded with a straightening body 8, and the inner wall of the shell 7 adopts a ratchet structure to mesh with the ratchet plate 11 on the oblique body 5; the rotating transmission mechanism is composed of a central positioning shaft 13, a limit block 14, an outer gear ring 15, a planetary gear drive shaft 16, a planetary gear 17, a support frame 18, a fastening bracket 19, a motor support frame 20, and a motor 21; the central positioning shaft 13 and the limit block 1 4 is fixed to the bottom of the inclined body 5 by screws, and the support frame 18 fixes the center positioning shaft 13; the outer gear ring 15 is fixed to the bottom of the inclined body 5 by screws, and the outer gear ring 15 and the planetary gear 17 are meshed with each other; the planetary drive shaft 16 is fixed in axial position by the support frame 18 and is connected to the motor 21 shaft through gears; the motor 21 is fixed by the motor support frame 20 by screws; the hydraulic anchoring mechanism adopts a flexible hydraulic pipe 2, an outer shell cylinder 22, a one-way valve 23, an anchor body 24, an anchor limit plate 25, a spring 26, The flexible hydraulic pipe 2 is threadedly connected to the upper end of the one-way valve 23 and sealed; the anchor limit plate 25 is fixed to both sides of the anchor body 24 by screws, and cooperates with the spring 26 to limit the anchor plate 27; the solenoid valve 28 is fixed to the oil leakage circuit to control the leakage of hydraulic oil; the power control mechanism is composed of a lower shell 29, an insulation tube 30, a circuit control board 31, and a battery 32; the battery 32 and the insulation tube 30 are nested in the lower shell 29; the insulation tube 30 has a wire hole for the power line to pass through.

[0021] By the attached Figure 2 , Attachment Figure 3 , Attachment Figure 4 , Attachment Figure 5 , Attachment Figure 6 As shown, the straightening head 1 is provided with a hydraulic pipe hole 1a and a pin hole 1b; the side section of the upper shell 3 is provided with a window 3a, and the lower end is provided with a limit key keyway 3b; the guide tube 4 is provided with a fixing pin hole 4a; the oblique body 5 is provided with a limit key 5a, a ratchet groove 5b, and a screw hole 5c; the center positioning shaft 13 is provided with a shaft shoulder 13a, a shaft groove 13b, a keyway 13c, and a cable hole 13d.

[0022] Working principle: When lowering the tool, the tool is connected to the downhole sidetracking rotary steering tool through the shear pin and lowered to the working well section. The hydraulic oil supply interface of the tool is normally connected to the flexible hydraulic pipe, and the high-pressure hydraulic oil is pumped into the hydraulic anchoring mechanism oil circuit of the tool through the hydraulic oil pipe, and the anchor plate is pushed out to anchor the downhole sidetracking steering tool to the working well section. Shorten the shear pin, lift the tool, disengage the hydraulic oil supply interface, and recover the tool.

[0023] During normal operation, the signal is released, the ratchet structure on the oblique body opens, and engages with the ratchet teeth of the housing, so that the housing bears the pressure when the flexible drilling tool is lowered. The flexible drilling tool is lowered, and the drilling tool enters the guide tube to determine the drilling direction. The oblique body maintains the overall position of the guide tube during drilling, and cooperates with the hydraulic anchoring mechanism to ensure the overall stability of the drilling tool for side drilling and window opening.

[0024] When rotating in the circumferential direction, the signal is released, the ratchet structure on the oblique body contracts, and the motor drives the planetary gear on the planetary gear drive shaft to drive the outer gear ring to rotate circumferentially. The outer gear ring drives the oblique body, the upper shell and the straightening head to rotate circumferentially, and the flexible hydraulic pipe rotates around the shell with a margin. After the circumferential rotation to the working position, the ratchet mechanism re-engages so that the shell bears the oblique drilling pressure, completing the circumferential steering of the entire tool, and the drill bit is lowered again to drill the window sideways.

[0025] When retrieving the tool, the tool is lowered to the upper end of the straightening head and anchored to hold the side drilling rotary steering tool. The signal is released, the sensor receives the signal, the power source drives the electromagnetic relief valve to release the hydraulic oil pressure, the anchor plate returns, and the tool is lifted to retrieve the side drilling rotary steering tool.

[0026] The specific implementation methods described above are used to illustrate this patent rather than to limit the scope of this patent. Any equivalent changes and modifications made by any technician in this field without departing from the concept and principle of this patent are within the scope of protection of this patent system.

Claims

1. A downhole side drilling rotary steering tool, mainly composed of a guide steering mechanism, a rotary transmission mechanism, a hydraulic anchoring mechanism, and a power control mechanism; the guide steering mechanism is composed of a straightening head (1), an upper shell (3), a guide tube (4), an oblique body (5), a connecting block (6), a shell (7), a straightening body (8), a limit plate (9), a ratchet spring (10), a ratchet plate (11), and a driver (12); the upper shell (3) is threadedly connected to the straightening head (1), the lower end internal thread is threadedly connected to the connecting block (6), the upper shell (3) is keyed to the oblique body (5); the guide tube (4) is connected to the straightening head (1) is connected by a pin, and the wall of the guide tube (4) is close to the guide surface of the oblique body (5); the outer shell (7) and the connecting block (6) are matched by a bearing, the outer wall of the outer shell (7) is welded with a stabilizing body (8), and the inner wall of the outer shell (7) adopts a ratchet structure to mesh with the ratchet plate (11) on the oblique body (5); the rotating transmission mechanism is composed of a central positioning shaft (13), a limit block (14), an outer gear ring (15), a planetary gear drive shaft (16), a planetary gear (17), a support frame (18), a fastening bracket (19), a motor support frame (20), and a motor (21); the central positioning shaft (13) and the limit block (1 4) is fixed to the bottom of the inclined body (5) by screws, and the central positioning shaft (13) is fixed by tightening the bracket (19); the outer gear ring (15) is fixed to the bottom of the inclined body (5) by screws, and the outer gear ring (15) and the planetary gear (17) are meshed with each other; the planetary gear drive shaft (16) is fixed in axial position by the support frame (18), and is connected to the motor (21) shaft by gears; the motor (21) is fixed by the motor support frame (20) by screws; the hydraulic anchoring mechanism adopts a flexible hydraulic pipe (2), an outer shell cylinder (22), a one-way valve (23), an anchor body (24), an anchoring limit plate (25), a spring (26 ), an anchor plate (27), and an electromagnetic valve (28); the flexible hydraulic pipe (2) is threadedly connected to the upper end of the one-way valve (23) and sealed; the anchor limit plate (25) is fixed to both sides of the anchor body (24) by screws, and cooperates with the spring (26) to limit the anchor plate (27); the electromagnetic valve (28) is fixed to the oil leakage circuit to control the hydraulic oil leakage; the power supply control mechanism is composed of a lower shell (29), an insulation tube (30), a circuit control board (31), and a battery (32); the battery (32) and the insulation tube (30) are nested in the lower shell (29); the insulation tube (30) has a wire hole for the power line to pass through.

2. A downhole sidetracking rotary steering tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The straightening head (1) is provided with a hydraulic pipe hole (1a) and a pin hole (1b); the side section of the upper shell (3) is provided with a window (3a), and the lower end is provided with a limit key slot (3b); the guide tube (4) is provided with a fixing pin hole (4a); the oblique body (5) is provided with a limit key (5a), a ratchet slot (5b), and a screw hole (5c); and the center positioning shaft (13) is provided with a shaft shoulder (13a), a shaft slot (13b), a key slot (13c), and a cable hole (13d).

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