Rice field water inlet and outlet system, rice field system and rice field water inlet and outlet control method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a rice field water supply and drainage system, a rice field system and a rice field water supply and drainage control method. The rice field water supply and drainage system comprises a first connecting component, a second connecting component, an impermeable membrane layer, a filter material layer, a protective layer, a partition and a soil mound ridge. The impermeable membrane layer is used to be arranged on the inner wall of a groove surrounding the rice field and reaching the depth of the new soil layer, the filter material layer is filled in the groove and wrapped by the impermeable membrane layer, the protective layer covers the top surface of the filter material layer and is sealed and connected to the impermeable membrane layer, the impermeable membrane layer and the protective layer seal the filter material layer, the partition is arranged in the filter material layer and is sealed and connected to the impermeable membrane layer and the protective layer to separate the filter material layer, the soil mound ridge is piled on the protective layer and is higher than the tillage layer in the rice field, and the first connecting group and the second connecting component are respectively used to realize the water supply and drainage between the rice field and the ditch. The present invention has low cost, is easy to implement, is environmentally friendly, and has good effect, can delay the rice field runoff and nitrogen loss time under heavy rain conditions, and increase the interception of nitrogen.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of agricultural technology, in particular to the field of agricultural non-point source pollution control technology, and more particularly to a rice field water supply and drainage system, a rice field system, and a rice field water supply and drainage control method. Background Art

[0002] In the agricultural field, the loss of nitrogen from rice fields along with water mainly includes two ways: loss through surface runoff to receiving water bodies and loss through seepage to groundwater through soil moisture movement. Among them, hydrological factors in rice fields such as rainfall, irrigation, field surface water and soil moisture content provide the power and carrier for nitrogen transport and migration. The water lost from rice fields through seepage accounts for more than 50% of the total water input to rice fields, and seepage from ridges is the main way of seepage loss from rice fields. Long-term tillage will cause mechanical compaction of rice field soil, and a compact plow bottom layer will easily form under the tillage layer. The water in the rice field is blocked by the plow bottom layer, and the vertical seepage is less, so it is lost in the form of lateral flow. When the water in the rice field flows through the field ditch and ridge area, it will quickly lose in the form of vertical seepage and lateral flow. Heavy rainfall will cause the water storage capacity of rice fields to exceed the water capacity of rice fields in a short period of time, and the water in the rice fields will overflow from the ridges and cause surface runoff, resulting in rapid loss of nutrients. The ability of nitrogen to migrate horizontally with surface runoff is stronger than its ability to migrate vertically with soil water, so the nitrogen concentration in surface runoff water is much higher than that in seepage water. It can be seen that the loss of nitrogen in rice fields is mainly caused by surface runoff and seepage from ridges under rainfall.

[0003] There are many solutions to the above problems in traditional technology: one is to control by reducing the amount at the source, such as reasonably reducing the amount of fertilizer, using compound rice-specific biological fertilizers, etc.; the second is to control the input of water into the rice field and reduce the loss of nitrogen with water, such as using magnetized water to irrigate rice fields, micro-nano aerated irrigation, resin-coated urea and biochemical inhibitors to reduce nitrogen runoff and leakage losses, planting plants on the ridges, increasing the compaction, width and height of the ridges to control the water level of the rice fields, and reducing water losses through various means such as water-saving irrigation and groundwater level regulation. Among the above methods, compound rice-specific bio-fertilizers have regional applicability issues, magnetized water irrigation and micro-nano aerated irrigation are difficult to apply in rural areas; resin-coated urea and the use of biochemical inhibitors are in the small-scale test stage, and the difficulty of material preparation and related risks have yet to be evaluated. There is uncertainty about the effect of planting plants on ridges on controlling nitrogen loss. Increasing the compaction, width and height of ridges to control the water level in rice fields will reduce the planting area of ​​rice fields and have low acceptance. Water-saving irrigation and groundwater level control require the re-laying of pipes and related water-saving control equipment, which is costly. Summary of the invention

[0004] Based on this, it is necessary to provide a rice field water supply and drainage system. The rice field water supply and drainage system of the present invention is low-cost, easy to implement, environmentally friendly, and effective. The rice field water supply and drainage system of the present invention can delay the rice field runoff and nitrogen loss time under heavy rain conditions and increase the interception of nitrogen. The rice field water supply and drainage system of the present invention can achieve the control of agricultural non-point source pollution.

[0005] An embodiment of the present application provides a rice field water supply and drainage system.

[0006] A rice field drainage system comprises a first connecting component, a second connecting component, an impermeable membrane layer, a filter material layer, a protective layer, a partition and an earthen ridge, wherein the impermeable membrane layer is used to be arranged on the inner wall of a groove surrounding the rice field, the filter material layer is filled in the groove and wrapped by the impermeable membrane layer, the protective layer covers the top surface of the filter material layer and is sealedly connected to the impermeable membrane layer, the partition is arranged in the filter material layer and is sealedly connected to the impermeable membrane layer and the protective layer to separate the filter material layer, one side of the partition forms a drainage direction along the filter material layer to the other side, the earthen ridge is piled on the protective layer and is higher than the tillage layer in the rice field, one end of the first connecting component extends into the filter material layer and is close to one side of the partition and the other end is used to extend into the rice field, one end of the second connecting component extends into the filter material layer and is close to the other side of the partition and the other end is used to extend into the ditch.

[0007] In some of the embodiments, the portion of the anti-seepage membrane layer located on the bottom wall of the groove has a longitudinal slope, and the longitudinal slope is inclined downward by 0.2° to 0.5° along the drainage direction.

[0008] In some embodiments, the top surface of the filter material layer is 3 cm to 5 cm lower than the surface of the rice field cultivation layer;

[0009] And / or, the thickness of the protective layer is 3 cm to 5 cm;

[0010] and / or, the protective layer is flush with the surface of the rice field tillage layer;

[0011] And / or, the top surface of the soil mound ridge is not lower than the surface of the cultivated layer in the rice field by 20 cm to 25 cm;

[0012] And / or, in the vertical direction, an end of the first connecting component extending into the rice field is 5 cm to 10 cm higher than an end of the second connecting component extending into the ditch.

[0013] In some embodiments, the first connecting component includes a plurality of first connecting tubes buried in the earth mound ridge, one end of the plurality of first connecting tubes extends into the filter material layer and is close to one side of the partition and the other end is used to extend into the rice field, and the heights of the ends of the plurality of first connecting tubes facing the rice field are different.

[0014] In some embodiments, the first connecting component further comprises a first main pipe, the first main pipe is buried in the soil mound ridge along the vertical direction, a plurality of the first connecting pipes buried in the soil mound ridge extend in the horizontal direction and are connected to the first main pipe, the spacing between the plurality of the first connecting pipes is 3 cm to 6 cm, and the first connecting pipe closest to the surface of the rice field cultivation layer is 3 cm to 5 cm higher than the surface of the rice field cultivation layer;

[0015] And / or, the diameter of the first connecting pipe is 3 cm to 5 cm;

[0016] And / or, the first connecting pipe is a bamboo tube or a PVC tube.

[0017] In some embodiments, the second connecting component includes a plurality of second connecting pipes buried in the earth mound ridge, one end of the plurality of second connecting pipes extends into the filter material layer and is close to the other side of the partition and the other end is used to extend into a ditch where the normal water level is lower than the rice field cultivating layer, and the heights of the plurality of second connecting pipes at one end facing the ditch are different.

[0018] In some embodiments, the second connecting component also includes a plurality of perforated flower tubes, which are installed in parallel on one side of the earth pile ridge facing the ditch, and one end of each second connecting tube facing the ditch is connected to the perforated flower tube, and the water-facing end of the perforated flower tube is filled with sand and gravel, and the water-receiving end is filled with clay.

[0019] In some embodiments, the second connecting assembly further includes a second main pipe, the second main pipe is buried in the soil mound ridge along the vertical direction, a plurality of second connecting pipes buried in the soil mound ridge extend in the horizontal direction and are connected to the second main pipe, the spacing between the plurality of second connecting pipes is 3 cm to 6 cm, and the second connecting pipe closest to the normal water level of the ditch is 5 cm to 8 cm higher than the normal water level of the ditch;

[0020] And / or, the diameter of the second connecting pipe is 3 cm to 5 cm;

[0021] And / or, the second connecting pipe is a bamboo tube or a PVC tube.

[0022] In some embodiments, the rice field drainage system also includes a filter blanket, which is laid on the side surface of the earth mound ridge facing the ditch, and the thickness of the filter blanket is 10 cm to 20 cm. The filter blanket fully covers the side surface of the earth mound ridge facing the ditch and extends into the ditch by no less than 2 m.

[0023] In some embodiments, the filter blanket includes an outer frame made of square wood or bamboo material, a non-woven fabric covering the outer frame, and straw and zeolite material filled in the outer frame.

[0024] In some embodiments, the rice field drainage system further comprises an interception belt, which is installed on the top surface of the soil mound ridge, and the width of the interception belt is not less than 1 / 2 of the width of the top surface of the soil mound ridge;

[0025] The interception belt includes an interception frame and a water filter bag, the water filter bag is filled in the interception frame, the interception frame includes a fishing net and pine wood piles, and the water filter bag includes non-woven fabric and straw and plant stem and leaf materials wrapped in the non-woven fabric.

[0026] In some embodiments, the first communication component can be controlled to be opened or closed;

[0027] And / or, the second communication component can be controlled to be opened or closed.

[0028] An embodiment of the present application provides a rice field system.

[0029] A rice field system comprises a rice field, a groove, a ditch and the rice field water supply and drainage system, wherein the rice field comprises a tillage layer, a plow bottom layer and a new soil layer which are sequentially distributed from top to bottom, the groove extends around the rice field, the bottom wall of the groove is located in the new soil layer, the rice field water supply and drainage system is arranged in the groove, the ditch is adjacent to the groove and spaced apart from the groove, the normal water level of the ditch is lower than the surface of the rice field tillage layer, and the top surface of the earth pile ridge is higher than the surface of the tillage layer in the rice field.

[0030] An embodiment of the present application provides a method for controlling water inflow and drainage in a rice field.

[0031] A rice field water inlet and outlet control method of the rice field system comprises the following steps:

[0032] When the paddy field needs water, the first connecting component and the second connecting component are opened to lead water from the ditch into the paddy field;

[0033] When the water level of the rice in the rice field reaches 15mm~40mm during the greening period, 20mm~30mm during the tillering period, 20mm~60mm during the jointing and heading period, 20mm~50mm during the heading and flowering period, 10mm~20mm during the filling period, and 5mm~15mm during the maturity period, the first connecting component is blocked;

[0034] When continuous rainfall causes the water level in the paddy field to exceed 15 cm to 20 cm, a filter blanket is laid on the slope of the ditch along the earthen ridge, and the first connecting component and the second connecting component are opened to the normal water level required for rice growth;

[0035] When encountering heavy rain, the first connecting component is first blocked, and an interception belt is set on the top surface of the soil mound ridge of the rice field drainage system. After 1 to 2 days, a filter blanket is laid on the slope of the ditch along the soil mound ridge, and the first connecting component is opened to the normal water level required for rice growth;

[0036] Within one week after the paddy field is fertilized, the first connecting component and the second connecting component are closed and the water is not drained.

[0037] In some embodiments, the rice field water inlet and outlet control method further comprises the following steps:

[0038] When continuous rainfall causes the water level in the paddy field to exceed 15cm~20cm, a filter blanket is laid on the slope of the ditch along the earth mound ridge, and the first connecting pipe at the highest position of the first connecting component is opened to drain water, and the drainage is suspended for 2~3 days. Then, the first connecting pipe at the second height position is opened to drain water, and the drainage is suspended for 2~3 days, and so on. Finally, the first connecting pipe at the lowest height is opened to drain water to the normal water level required for rice growth.

[0039] And / or, when encountering heavy rain, first block the first connecting component, set an interception belt on the top surface of the earth mound ridge of the rice field drainage system, and after 1 to 2 days, lay a filter blanket on the earth mound ridge along the slope of the ditch, first open the first connecting pipe at the highest position of the first connecting component to drain water, suspend drainage for 2 to 3 days, then open the first connecting pipe at the second height position to drain water, suspend drainage for 2 to 3 days, and so on, and finally open the first connecting pipe at the lowest height to drain water to the normal water level required for rice growth.

[0040] In summary, compared with water-saving irrigation and groundwater level control, the engineering transformation difficulty and technical difficulty of this application are low, the equipment demand is less, and in the process of excavating the paddy field ridge, it does not involve the purchase of earthwork, and the earthwork excavated from the groove can be directly used for backfilling and compaction, which can not only increase the height of the ridge, but also improve the compaction degree, so as to maintain the moderate high water level operation of the paddy field, improve the hydrological conditions of the paddy field, reduce the ammonia volatilization loss during the nitrogen fertilizer application process, and reduce the leakage and loss of nitrogen. The paddy field water supply and drainage system of this application can realize the dual treatment of water intake and drainage, which is more suitable for the planting method of large-scale flooding of paddy fields in rural areas, and has a lower potential pollution risk to the environment. According to the water demand law of rice growth and development period, the influence of rainfall on runoff changes, the field hydrology and nitrogen loss characteristics, and the influence of fertilization, this application reasonably adjusts and changes the height, method and time of paddy field water supply and drainage, so as to meet the normal development period of rice and extend the residence time of water in paddy fields and filter materials as much as possible, and reduce the loss of nitrogen. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative work.

[0042] In order to more completely understand the present application and its beneficial effects, the following description will be given in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the following description, the same reference numerals represent the same parts.

[0043] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a rice field water supply and drainage system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the filter blanket for rice field water inlet and outlet according to one embodiment of the present invention and the soil mound ridge and ditch slope;

[0045] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of an interception zone of a rice field water inlet and outlet system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a rice field water inlet and outlet system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the water intake and drainage system for a rice field according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0048] Description of Reference Numerals

[0049] 10. Rice field system; 100. Rice field water supply and drainage system; 110. First connecting component; 111. First connecting pipe; 112. First main pipe; 120. Second connecting component; 121. Second connecting pipe; 122. Second main pipe; 123. Perforated flower pipe; 130. Anti-seepage membrane layer; 140. Filter material layer; 150. Protective layer; 160. Partition; 170. Earth mound ridge; 180. Filter blanket; 190. Interception belt; 191. Interception frame; 192. Filter bag; 20. Rice field; 21. Cultivation layer; 22. Plough bottom layer; 23. New soil layer; 30. Groove; 40. Ditch. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without violating the connotation of the present invention, so the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0051] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0052] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0053] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" or "above" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0054] In the description of the present invention, "several" means more than one, "many" means more than two, "greater than", "less than", "exceed", etc. are understood to exclude the number itself, and "above", "below", "within", etc. are understood to include the number itself. If there is a description of "first" or "second", it is only used for the purpose of distinguishing the technical features, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying the relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features or implicitly indicating the order of the indicated technical features.

[0055] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs. The terms used herein in the specification of the present invention are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. The term "and / or" used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the related listed items.

[0056] The present application provides a rice field drainage system 100 to solve the problem of nitrogen loss in the rice field 20 caused by surface runoff and leakage of field ridges during rainfall in the traditional technology. The rice field drainage system 100 will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0057] The rice field water supply and drainage system 100 provided in the embodiment of the present application is exemplary, see Figure 1 As shown, Figure 1 The structure diagram of the rice field water supply and drainage system 100 provided in the embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG. The rice field water supply and drainage system 100 of the present application can be used for water supply and drainage of rice fields 20 in the agricultural field to achieve the purpose of intercepting nitrogen in the rice fields 20 .

[0058] In order to more clearly illustrate the structure of the rice field water supply and drainage system 100, the rice field water supply and drainage system 100 will be introduced below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0059] For example, see Figure 1 As shown, a rice field drainage system 100 includes a first connecting component 110, a second connecting component 120, an anti-seepage membrane layer 130, a filter material layer 140, a protective layer 150, a partition 160 and an earthen ridge 170.

[0060] The impermeable membrane layer 130 is used to be arranged on the inner wall of the groove 30 surrounding the rice field 20 and reaching the depth of the new soil layer 23. The filter material layer 140 is filled in the groove 30 and wrapped by the impermeable membrane layer 130. The protective layer 150 covers the top surface of the filter material layer 140 and is sealed and connected to the impermeable membrane layer 130. The impermeable membrane layer 130 and the protective layer 150 seal the filter material layer 140, and the partition 160 is arranged in the filter material layer 140 and is sealed and connected to the impermeable membrane layer 130 and the protective layer 150 to separate the filter material layer 140. One side of the partition 160 forms a drainage direction along the filter material layer 140 to the other side, and the reverse direction forms a water inlet direction. The earth pile ridge 170 is piled on the protective layer 150 and is higher than the tillage layer 21 in the rice field 20. One end of the first connecting component 110 extends into the filter material layer 140 and is close to one side of the partition 160, and the other end is used to extend into the rice field 20 on one side of the soil mound ridge 170. One end of the second connecting component 120 extends into the filter material layer 140 and is close to the other side of the partition 160, and the other end of the second connecting component 120 is used to extend into the ditch 40 on the other side of the soil mound ridge 170, and the normal water level in the ditch 40 is lower than the tillage layer 21 of the rice field 20.

[0061] The above-mentioned rice field water inlet and drainage system 100 has the characteristics of low cost, easy implementation, environmental friendliness and good effect. The present application improves the height and compactness of the ridge by modifying the existing ridge, and enhances the impermeability of the ridge by setting the anti-seepage membrane layer 130, the filter layer 140 and the protective layer 150, changes the permeability of the ridge, and reduces the leakage loss of nitrogen at the ridge; in addition, the present application cleverly utilizes the structural characteristics of the ridge during the water inlet and drainage process of the rice field 20, and sets the filter layer 140, so that the water in the filter layer 140 detours along the drainage direction formed from one side to the other side of the partition 160, and then enters the rice field 20 or the ditch 40. Such treatment can greatly extend the movement path of the water, prolong the water residence time, and help the filter layer 140 to fully absorb and degrade the nitrogen in the water inlet and drainage.

[0062] In some embodiments, the portion of the anti-seepage membrane layer 130 located at the bottom wall of the groove 30 forms a longitudinal slope. The longitudinal slope is inclined downward by 0.2° to 0.5° in the drainage direction formed from one side to the other side of the partition 160.

[0063] In some embodiments, the top surface of the filter material layer 140 is 3 cm to 5 cm lower than the surface of the cultivating layer 21 of the rice field 20 .

[0064] In some embodiments, the thickness of the protective layer 150 is 3 cm to 5 cm.

[0065] In some of the embodiments, the protective layer 150 is flush with the surface of the cultivating layer 21 of the rice field 20 .

[0066] In some of the embodiments, the top surface of the soil mound ridge 170 is not lower than the surface of the cultivating layer 21 in the rice field 20 by 20 cm to 25 cm.

[0067] In some embodiments, in the vertical direction, an end of the first connecting component 110 extending into the rice field 20 is 5 cm to 10 cm higher than an end of the second connecting component 120 extending into the ditch 40 .

[0068] In some embodiments, the first communication assembly 110 includes a plurality of first communication pipes 111 buried in the soil mound ridge 170. One end of the plurality of first communication pipes 111 extends into the filter material layer 140 and is close to one side of the partition 160, and the other end is used to extend into the rice field 20. The heights of the ends of the plurality of first communication pipes 111 facing the rice field 20 are different.

[0069] In some embodiments, the first connecting assembly 110 further includes a first main pipe 112. The first main pipe 112 is buried in the soil mound ridge 170 along the vertical direction. A plurality of first connecting pipes 111 buried in the soil mound ridge 170 extend in the horizontal direction and are connected to the first main pipe 112. The spacing between the plurality of first connecting pipes 111 is 3 cm to 6 cm. The first connecting pipe 111 closest to the surface of the cultivated layer 21 of the rice field 20 is 3 cm to 5 cm higher than the surface of the cultivated layer 21 of the rice field 20.

[0070] In some embodiments, the diameter of the first connecting pipe 111 is 3 cm to 5 cm.

[0071] In some embodiments, the first connecting pipe 111 is a bamboo tube or a PVC tube.

[0072] In some embodiments, the second connecting assembly 120 includes a plurality of second connecting pipes 121 buried in the soil mound ridge 170. One end of the plurality of second connecting pipes 121 extends into the filter material layer 140 and is close to the other side of the partition 160, and the other end is used to extend into the ditch 40 whose normal water level is lower than the cultivation layer 21 of the rice field 20. The heights of the plurality of second connecting pipes 121 facing one end in the ditch 40 are different.

[0073] In some of these examples, see Figure 2 As shown, the second connecting assembly 120 also includes a plurality of perforated flower tubes 123. The plurality of perforated flower tubes 123 are installed in parallel on the surface of the side of the soil mound ridge 170 facing the ditch 40. One end of each second connecting pipe 121 facing the ditch 40 is connected to a perforated flower tube 123. The water-facing end of the perforated flower tube 123 is filled with sand and gravel, and the water-receiving end is filled with clay.

[0074] In some embodiments, the second connecting assembly 120 further includes a second main pipe 122. The second main pipe 122 is buried in the soil mound ridge 170 along the vertical direction. A plurality of second connecting pipes 121 buried in the soil mound ridge 170 extend in the horizontal direction and are connected to the second main pipe 122. The spacing between the plurality of second connecting pipes 121 is 3 cm to 6 cm. The second connecting pipe 121 closest to the normal water level of the ditch 40 is 5 cm to 8 cm higher than the normal water level of the ditch 40.

[0075] In some embodiments, the diameter of the second connecting pipe 121 is 3 cm to 5 cm.

[0076] In some embodiments, the second connecting pipe 121 is a bamboo tube or a PVC tube.

[0077] The above-mentioned rice field water supply and drainage system 100 is provided with a first connecting pipe 111 and a second connecting pipe 121 of different heights. Different control measures are taken according to the water demand pattern of rice during the growth and development period and the rainfall and fertilization conditions, so as to artificially prolong the residence time of water in the rice field 20, give full play to the interception and absorption of nitrogen by the rice field 20, and reduce the loss of nitrogen in the rice field 20.

[0078] In some of these examples, see Figure 2 As shown, the paddy field drainage system 100 further includes a filter blanket 180. The filter blanket 180 is laid on the surface of the soil mound ridge 170 facing the ditch 40, and the thickness of the filter blanket 180 is 10 cm to 20 cm. The filter blanket 180 fully covers the surface of the soil mound ridge 170 facing the ditch 40 and extends into the ditch 40 by no less than 2 m.

[0079] In some embodiments, the filter blanket 180 includes an outer frame made of square wood or bamboo material, a non-woven fabric covering the outer frame, and straw and zeolite material filled in the outer frame.

[0080] In some of these examples, see Figure 3 As shown, the rice field drainage system 100 further includes an interception belt 190. The interception belt 190 is installed on the top surface of the soil mound ridge 170, and the width of the interception belt 190 is not less than 1 / 2 of the width of the top surface of the soil mound ridge 170.

[0081] In some embodiments, the interception belt 190 includes an interception frame 191 and a water filter bag 192, the water filter bag 192 is filled in the interception frame 191, the interception frame 191 includes a fishing net and pine stakes, and the water filter bag 192 includes non-woven fabric and straw and plant stem and leaf materials wrapped in the non-woven fabric.

[0082] The rice field water supply and drainage system 100 sets an interception belt 190 on the top surface of the earth mound ridge 170 to delay the runoff and nitrogen loss time of the rice field 20 in heavy rain conditions, increase the interception loss of nitrogen, and can perform dual treatment of water intake and drainage, give full play to the interception and absorption of nitrogen by the rice field 20, and reduce the loss of nitrogen in the rice field 20.

[0083] In some embodiments, the first communication component 110 can be controlled to be opened or closed.

[0084] In some embodiments, the second communication component 120 can be controlled to be opened or closed.

[0085] An embodiment of the present application provides a rice field system 10 .

[0086] A rice field system 10 includes a rice field 20, a groove 30, a ditch 40, and a rice field water supply and drainage system 100. Figure 1 As shown, the paddy field 20 includes a tillage layer 21, a plow bottom layer 22 and a new soil layer 23 which are sequentially distributed from top to bottom. The groove 30 extends around the paddy field 20. The bottom wall of the groove 30 is located in the new soil layer 23. The paddy field water supply and drainage system 100 is arranged in the groove 30. The ditch 40 is adjacent to the groove 30 and is spaced apart from the groove 30, and the normal water level of the ditch 40 is lower than the surface of the tillage layer 21 of the paddy field 20. The top surface of the soil mound ridge 170 is higher than the surface of the tillage layer 21 in the paddy field 20.

[0087] An embodiment of the present application provides a method for controlling water inlet and outlet of a rice field 20 .

[0088] A method for controlling water inflow and drainage of a rice field 20 of a rice field system 10 comprises the following steps:

[0089] See also Figure 4 As shown, when the rice field 20 needs water, the first connecting component 110 and the second connecting component 120 are opened to guide water from the ditch 40 into the rice field 20 .

[0090] When the water level of the rice in the rice field 20 reaches 15mm~40mm during the greening period, 20mm~30mm during the tillering period, 20mm~60mm during the jointing and heading period, 20mm~50mm during the heading and flowering period, 10mm~20mm during the filling period, and 5mm~15mm during the maturity period, the first connecting component 110 is blocked.

[0091] When continuous rainfall causes the water level in the rice field 20 to exceed 15 cm to 20 cm, a filter blanket 180 is laid on the soil ridge 170 along the slope of the ditch 40, and the first connecting component 110 and the second connecting component 120 are opened to the normal water level required for rice growth. Figure 5 shown.

[0092] When encountering heavy rain, first block the first connecting component 110, set the interception belt 190 on the top surface of the soil ridge 170 of the rice field drainage system 100, and after 1-2 days, lay the filter blanket 180 on the soil ridge 170 along the slope of the ditch 40, open the first connecting component 110 to the normal water level required for rice growth, please refer to Figure 5 shown.

[0093] Within one week after the paddy field 20 is fertilized, the first connecting component 110 and the second connecting component 120 are closed and the water is not drained.

[0094] In some embodiments, the method for controlling water inflow and outflow of the rice field 20 further includes the following steps:

[0095] When continuous rainfall causes the water level in the rice field 20 to exceed 15cm~20cm, the filter blanket 180 is laid on the soil ridge 170 along the slope of the ditch 40, and the first connecting pipe 111 at the highest position of the first connecting component 110 is opened to drain water, and the drainage is suspended for 2~3 days. Then, the first connecting pipe 111 at the second height position is opened to drain water, and the drainage is suspended for 2~3 days, and so on. Finally, the first connecting pipe 111 at the lowest height is opened to drain water to the normal water level required for rice growth. Please refer to Figure 5 shown.

[0096] And / or, when encountering heavy rain, first block the first connecting component 110, set the interception belt 190 on the top surface of the earth mound ridge 170 of the rice field drainage system 100, and after 1 to 2 days, lay the filter blanket 180 on the earth mound ridge 170 along the slope of the ditch 40, first open the first connecting pipe 111 at the highest position of the first connecting component 110 to drain, suspend drainage for 2 to 3 days, then open the first connecting pipe 111 at the second height position to drain, suspend drainage for 2 to 3 days, and so on, and finally open the first connecting pipe 111 at the lowest height to drain to the normal water level required for rice growth, please refer to Figure 5 shown.

[0097] In summary, compared with water-saving irrigation and groundwater level control, the engineering transformation difficulty and technical difficulty of this application are low, the equipment demand is less, and in the process of excavating the ridge of the rice field 20, it does not involve the purchase of earthwork, and the earthwork excavated from the groove 30 can be directly used for backfilling and compaction, which can not only increase the height of the ridge, but also improve the compaction degree to maintain the moderate high water level operation of the rice field 20, improve the hydrological conditions of the rice field 20, reduce the ammonia volatilization loss during the nitrogen fertilizer application process, and reduce the leakage and loss of nitrogen. The rice field water supply and drainage system 100 of this application can realize the dual treatment of water intake and drainage, which is more suitable for the planting method of large-scale flooding of rice fields 20 in rural areas, and has a smaller potential pollution risk to the environment. This application reasonably adjusts and changes the height, method and time of water inlet and outlet of the rice field 20 according to the water demand pattern of the rice growth and development period, the impact of rainfall on runoff changes, field hydrology and nitrogen loss characteristics, and fertilization, so as to extend the residence time of water in the rice field 20 and the filter material as much as possible and reduce nitrogen loss under the condition of normal rice development period.

[0098] In the above embodiments, the description of each embodiment has its own emphasis. For parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, reference can be made to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0099] The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0100] The above-mentioned embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present invention, and the description thereof is relatively specific and detailed, but it cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the patent of the present invention. It should be pointed out that, for ordinary technicians in this field, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, which all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the present invention shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A rice field water supply and drainage system, characterized in that: The invention comprises a first connecting component, a second connecting component, an impermeable membrane layer, a filter material layer, a protective layer, a partition and an earthen ridge, wherein the impermeable membrane layer is used to be arranged on the inner wall of a groove surrounding a rice field, the filter material layer is filled in the groove and wrapped by the impermeable membrane layer, the part of the impermeable membrane layer located on the bottom wall of the groove has a longitudinal slope, and the longitudinal slope is inclined downward by 0.2° to 0.5° along the drainage direction, the protective layer covers the top surface of the filter material layer and is sealed and connected to the impermeable membrane layer, the protective layer is flush with the surface of the rice field tillage layer, the partition is arranged in the filter material layer and is sealed and connected to the impermeable membrane layer and the protective layer to separate the filter material layer, one side of the partition forms a drainage direction along the filter material layer to the other side, and the earthen ridge is piled on the protective layer and is higher than the rice field The top surface of the soil mound ridge is not lower than the surface of the soil mound ridge by 20 cm to 25 cm, one end of the first connecting component extends into the filter material layer and is close to one side of the partition, and the other end is used to extend into the rice field, one end of the second connecting component extends into the filter material layer and is close to the other side of the partition, and the other end is used to extend into the ditch; the first connecting component includes a plurality of first connecting pipes buried in the soil mound ridge, one end of the plurality of first connecting pipes extends into the filter material layer and is close to one side of the partition, and the other end is used to extend into the rice field, the heights of one end of the plurality of first connecting pipes facing the rice field are different, the first connecting component can be controlled to be opened or closed, and the second connecting component can be controlled to be opened or closed.

2. The rice field water supply and drainage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rice field water supply and drainage system also meets at least one of the following conditions: (1) The top surface of the filter material layer is 3 cm to 5 cm lower than the surface of the rice field cultivation layer; (2) The thickness of the protective layer is 3 cm to 5 cm; (3) In the vertical direction, the end of the first connecting component extending into the rice field is 5 cm to 10 cm higher than the end of the second connecting component extending into the ditch.

3. The rice field water supply and drainage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rice field water supply and drainage system also meets at least one of the following conditions: (1) The first connecting component further includes a first main pipe, which is buried in the soil mound ridge along the vertical direction, and a plurality of the first connecting pipes extend in the horizontal direction and are connected to the first main pipe, and the spacing between the plurality of the first connecting pipes is 3 cm to 6 cm, and the first connecting pipe closest to the surface of the rice field cultivation layer is 3 cm to 5 cm higher than the surface of the rice field cultivation layer; (2) The diameter of the first connecting pipe is 3 cm to 5 cm; (3) The first connecting pipe is a bamboo tube or a PVC tube.

4. The rice field water supply and drainage system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The second connecting component includes multiple second connecting tubes buried in the earth mound ridge, one end of the multiple second connecting tubes extends into the filter material layer and is close to the other side of the partition, and the other end of the second connecting tube is used to extend into the ditch, and the heights of the multiple second connecting tubes at one end facing the ditch are different.

5. The rice field water supply and drainage system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The rice field water supply and drainage system also meets at least one of the following conditions: (1) The second connecting component further comprises a plurality of perforated flower tubes, which are installed in parallel on the surface of the mound ridge facing the ditch, and one end of each of the second connecting tubes facing the ditch is connected to the perforated flower tube, and the water-facing end of the perforated flower tube is filled with sand and gravel, and the water-receiving end is filled with clay; (2) The second connecting assembly further includes a second main pipe, which is buried in the soil mound ridge along the vertical direction, and a plurality of the second connecting pipes extend in the horizontal direction and are connected to the second main pipe, and the spacing between the plurality of the second connecting pipes is 3 cm to 6 cm, and the second connecting pipe closest to the normal water level of the ditch is 5 cm to 8 cm higher than the normal water level of the ditch; (3) The diameter of the second connecting pipe is 3 cm to 5 cm; (4) The second connecting pipe is a bamboo tube or a PVC tube.

6. The rice field water supply and drainage system according to any one of claims 1 to 3 and 5, characterized in that: The rice field drainage system also includes a filter blanket, which is laid on the side surface of the earth mound ridge facing the ditch. The thickness of the filter blanket is 10cm to 20cm. The filter blanket fully covers the side surface of the earth mound ridge facing the ditch and extends into the ditch by no less than 2m.

7. The rice field water supply and drainage system according to any one of claims 1 to 3 and 5, characterized in that: The rice field drainage system also includes an interception belt, which is installed on the top surface of the earth mound ridge, and the width of the interception belt is not less than 1 / 2 of the width of the top surface of the earth mound ridge; the interception belt includes an interception frame and a water filter bag, the water filter bag is filled in the interception frame, the interception frame includes a fishing net and pine stakes, and the water filter bag includes non-woven fabric and straw, plant stem and leaf materials wrapped in the non-woven fabric.

8. A rice field system, characterized in that: It comprises a rice field, a groove, a ditch and the rice field water supply and drainage system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the rice field comprises a tillage layer, a plow bottom layer and a new soil layer distributed in sequence from top to bottom, the groove extends around the rice field, the bottom wall of the groove is located in the new soil layer, the rice field water supply and drainage system is arranged in the groove, the ditch is adjacent to the groove and spaced apart from the groove, the normal water level line of the ditch is lower than the surface of the rice field tillage layer, and the top surface of the earth pile ridge is higher than the surface of the tillage layer in the rice field.

9. A rice field water inlet and outlet control method of a rice field system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The steps include: When the rice field needs water, the first connecting component and the second connecting component are opened to lead water from the ditch into the rice field; When the water level of rice in the rice field reaches 15mm-40mm during the greening period, 20mm-30mm during the tillering period, 20mm-60mm during the jointing and heading period, 20mm-50mm during the heading and flowering period, 10mm-20mm during the filling period, and 5mm-15mm during the maturity period, the first connecting component is blocked; When continuous rainfall causes the water level in the paddy field to exceed 15 cm to 20 cm, a filter blanket is laid on the slope of the ditch along the earthen ridge, and the first connecting component and the second connecting component are opened to the normal water level required for rice growth; When encountering heavy rain, the first connecting component is first blocked, and an interception belt is set on the top surface of the soil mound ridge of the rice field drainage system. After 1 to 2 days, a filter blanket is laid on the slope of the ditch along the soil mound ridge, and the first connecting component is opened to the normal water level required for rice growth; Within one week after the paddy field is fertilized, the first connecting component and the second connecting component are closed and the water is not drained.

10. The rice field water inlet and outlet control method according to claim 9, characterized in that: The rice field water inlet and outlet control method further comprises the following steps: When continuous rainfall causes the water level in the paddy field to exceed 15 cm to 20 cm, a filter blanket is laid on the slope of the ditch along the earth mound ridge, and the first connecting pipe at the highest position of the first connecting component is opened to drain water, and the drainage is suspended for 2 to 3 days. Then, the first connecting pipe at the second height position is opened to drain water, and the drainage is suspended for 2 to 3 days, and so on. Finally, the first connecting pipe at the lowest height is opened to drain water to the normal water level required for rice growth. And / or, when encountering heavy rain, first block the first connecting component, set an interception belt on the top surface of the earth mound ridge of the rice field drainage system, and after 1 to 2 days, lay a filter blanket on the earth mound ridge along the slope of the ditch, first open the first connecting pipe at the highest position of the first connecting component to drain water, suspend drainage for 2 to 3 days, then open the first connecting pipe at the second height position to drain water, suspend drainage for 2 to 3 days, and so on, and finally open the first connecting pipe at the lowest height to drain water to the normal water level required for rice growth.

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