Anammox device and start-up method thereof

Abstract

The application provides an anaerobic ammonia oxidation device and a starting method thereof, and relates to the technical field of wastewater treatment, and aims at providing a device with simple structure and controllable anaerobic ammonia oxidation conditions, and a method for quickly starting the anaerobic ammonia oxidation device, so that a set of anaerobic ammonia oxidation device with high denitrification efficiency, good denitrification effect and long-term stable operation can be started in a short period. The starting method of the application is used to start the anaerobic ammonia oxidation device of the application, the starting period is short, the anaerobic ammonia oxidation bacteria with good denitrification effect and high denitrification efficiency can be domesticated within 90 days, and the biofilm can be formed, and after the starting is completed, the device has a high total nitrogen removal load, the device is used for denitrification treatment of wastewater, the operation is simple, the total nitrogen removal rate is high, the device can be operated stably for a long time, and obvious economic benefits and social benefits are achieved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of wastewater treatment, and particularly relates to an anaerobic ammonia oxidation device and a starting method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the continuous improvement of industrialization and urbanization in China, water pollution problems are becoming increasingly serious. Especially, the over-exploitation of ecological resources by human beings has broken the original balance of nature, and a large amount of nitrogen-containing pollutants has entered the water body, resulting in water eutrophication and black odor of water body. If the water body problem is not solved in time, the pollution will become more and more serious with the continuous advancement of economic development process, and the negative influence will become more and more serious. The removal method of nitrogen pollutants in water includes physical method, chemical method and biological method. Compared with physical and chemical methods, the biological method is low in cost, easy to operate and does not produce secondary pollution. The traditional denitrification technology mainly uses nitrification / denitrification process, but this process needs sufficient aeration to realize nitrification and needs sufficient organic carbon source to realize denitrification, and the denitrification process has the defects of long process, high capital construction and operation cost and large energy consumption. Therefore, a better new denitrification technology is urgently needed to prevent and control the problem of nitrogen pollution. The anaerobic ammonia oxidation and its combined process discovered in the 1990s are highly praised because of their high efficiency, low operation cost and low sludge production in treating high ammonia-nitrogen-containing wastewater.

[0003] The anaerobic ammonia oxidation technology refers to a denitrification method in which microorganisms use CO2 or HCO3 - as a carbon source, use NH4 + -N and NO2 - -N as substrates and discharge N2 into the atmosphere. With the in-depth research of domestic and foreign scientific and technological workers on the method, there are relevant literature reports on the mechanism and process, and the method has been gradually used in wastewater treatment and good economic and ecological benefits have been achieved. As a new biological denitrification process, the anaerobic ammonia oxidation process has the advantages of low construction and operation cost, less sludge discharge, economy and energy saving compared with the traditional nitrification / denitrification process; however, the process still has many problems, which restrict its popularization in practical application, such as slow proliferation rate of anaerobic ammonia oxidation bacteria, sensitivity to environmental factors (such as pH, water temperature, dissolved oxygen, etc.), resulting in a long start-up period of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation system, which has become a major obstacle in the practical engineering application of the technology. Some methods for quickly starting the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor are disclosed in the existing public documents, such as the following patent documents:

[0004] Patent CN101343116B discloses a kind of urban sewage anaerobic ammonia oxidation biological reactor fast start method, in normal temperature condition, using biological membrane filter system, directly inoculating anaerobic ammonia oxidation bacteria, by adjusting the equipment operating parameters of reactor, make biological membrane filter system satisfy the environment of anaerobic ammonia oxidation bacteria domestication and expansion, and quickly realize the successful start of urban sewage anaerobic ammonia oxidation biological autotrophic denitrification reactor.In the 42nd day, the total nitrogen removal load of biological filter reaches 2kgN / m 3 ·d above.

[0005] Patent CN102259976B discloses a kind of anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor fast start method, in the effective volume 8.6L of up-flow anaerobic sludge bed reactor, inoculate nitrification sludge 4.6L, from the start of reactor, add anaerobic ammonia oxidation sludge to the reactor with 10 days interval, after 10 days of running time, total nitrogen removal load exceeds 0.5kgN / m 3 ·d, continue to run to the 31st day, total nitrogen removal load reaches 2.43kgN / m 3 ·d.

[0006] The above prior art uses different methods to inoculate anaerobic ammonia oxidation sludge and other kinds of sludge together, so as to achieve the fast start of anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor. However, in general, the existing technologies of inoculating anaerobic ammonia oxidation sludge and other kinds of sludge together all have the problems of long start-up time and low total nitrogen removal load. Although patent CN102259976B directly uses anaerobic ammonia oxidation sludge which is successfully enriched and cultured and has certain activity to start the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reactor, it can improve the total nitrogen removal load to a certain extent, but the total nitrogen removal load is still relatively low, and this method is not suitable for large-scale industrial production. Therefore, the problems of long start-up time and low total nitrogen removal load still seriously restrict the development of anaerobic ammonia oxidation technology, and effectively solving this bottleneck problem is of great significance for the popularization and engineering application of anaerobic ammonia oxidation technology. SUMMARY

[0007] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the purpose of the present application is to provide an anaerobic ammonia oxidation device and a start-up method thereof. On the one hand, a device with simple structure and controllable anaerobic ammonia oxidation conditions is provided, and on the other hand, a method for quickly starting an anaerobic ammonia oxidation device is provided, so as to start an anaerobic ammonia oxidation device with high denitrification efficiency, good denitrification effect and long-term stable operation in a short period.

[0008] The purpose of the present application is achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0009] In a first aspect, the present application provides an anaerobic ammonia oxidation device, which comprises an anaerobic reactor, a circulating water tank and a feed bucket.

[0010] According to the anaerobic ammonia oxidation device provided by the application, the inside of the anaerobic reactor is provided from bottom to top with a water flow distributor, a supporting layer and a filler layer, preferably, the supporting layer is composed of 1-3 layers of porcelain balls; wherein the particle size of the porcelain balls in the bottom layer is greater than the water distribution hole provided on the water flow distributor.

[0011] Preferably, when the supporting layer is composed of 2 or 3 layers of porcelain balls, the particle size of the porcelain balls in the upper layer is smaller than the particle size of the porcelain balls in the adjacent lower layer.

[0012] More preferably, the supporting layer is composed of two layers of porcelain balls, the particle size of the porcelain balls in the bottom layer ranges from 8 mm to 12 mm, and the particle size of the porcelain balls in the upper layer ranges from 4 mm to 6 mm.

[0013] According to the anaerobic ammonia oxidation device provided by the application, the bottom of the outer wall of the anaerobic reactor is provided with a feed inlet for feeding the wastewater to be treated, the top is provided with a drainage outlet for discharging the treated wastewater, and a circulating water outlet is further provided at a position higher than the filler layer and lower than the drainage outlet, for circulating the wastewater that needs to be further treated.

[0014] According to the anaerobic ammonia oxidation device provided by the application, the circulating water tank is connected with the circulating water outlet and the feed inlet of the anaerobic reactor, so as to realize the water circulation between the anaerobic reactor and the circulating water tank. Specifically, the circulating water tank is provided with a circulating water tank water inlet and a circulating water tank water outlet, the circulating water tank water inlet of the circulating water tank is connected with the circulating water outlet of the anaerobic reactor, and the circulating water tank water outlet of the circulating water tank is connected with the feed inlet of the anaerobic reactor. Preferably, the circulating water tank water outlet of the circulating water tank is higher than the circulating water tank water inlet. More preferably, the circulating water tank water inlet is arranged at the bottom of the side wall of the circulating water tank, and the circulating water tank water outlet is arranged at the top of the circulating water tank.

[0015] In some embodiments of the application, a circulating pump is further arranged between the circulating water outlet and the circulating water tank water inlet, so as to facilitate the control of the circulation amount by the circulating pump.

[0016] In some embodiments of the application, a dissolved oxygen measuring instrument is further arranged on the circulating water tank, preferably, the dissolved oxygen measuring instrument is arranged at the top of the circulating water tank. More preferably, the dissolved oxygen measuring instrument can realize online real-time monitoring.

[0017] According to the anaerobic ammonia oxidation device provided by the application, the feed bucket is connected with the feed inlet of the anaerobic reactor.

[0018] Preferably, a feed pump is further arranged between the feed inlet of the anaerobic reactor and the feed bucket, so as to facilitate the feeding of the wastewater to be treated into the anaerobic reactor by the pumping mode.

[0019] Further preferably, the feed inlet is connected with the outlet of the feed pump and the outlet of the circulating water tank via a three-way valve, so that the wastewater pumped from the feed tank and the circulating water are mixed before entering the anaerobic reactor, the concentration of the nitrogen-containing pollutants in the incoming water is adjusted, and the stable performance of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reaction in the anaerobic reactor is better maintained.

[0020] According to the anaerobic ammonia oxidation device provided by the application, the water flow distributor is arranged near the feed inlet and can be slightly higher than the feed inlet. After the water flow enters the anaerobic reactor from the feed inlet, the water flow is uniformly distributed by the water flow distributor first, and then rises to the filler layer through the supporting layer to fully contact the fillers and perform the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reaction.

[0021] In some embodiments of the application, the water flow distributor is a strip hole plate, and a plurality of hole channels are uniformly distributed on the strip hole plate. Preferably, the diameter of the hole channels of the strip hole plate is 1-2 mm.

[0022] According to the anaerobic ammonia oxidation device provided by the application, at least one filler partition plate is arranged in the anaerobic reactor at a position lower than the circulating water outlet and higher than the filler layer, preferably 1-3 layers, and a hole smaller than the particle size of the fillers is formed in the filler partition plate. More preferably, the shape of the hole can be set according to the shape and size of the fillers, and the size of the hole is preferably slightly smaller than the particle size of the fillers. Further preferably, when the number of layers of the filler partition plate is greater than 1, the holes of the two adjacent filler partition plates are staggered.

[0023] In some embodiments of the application, the fillers of the filler layer are cylindrical or spherical, the filler partition plate is a strip hole plate, and a plurality of hole channels are uniformly distributed on the strip hole plate. Preferably, the diameter of the fillers is 2.5-3 mm, and the diameter of the hole channels of the strip hole plate is 1-2 mm.

[0024] More preferably, the water-containing density of the fillers of the filler layer is 800-1200 kg / m 3 , the unit volume is 0.028-0.044 mL / particle, the contact angle is 60°, and the specific surface area is 50 m 2 / g.

[0025] According to the anaerobic ammonia oxidation device provided by the application, the device further comprises a temperature control system, and the temperature control system comprises a jacket arranged outside the anaerobic reactor and a heating tank connected with the jacket. The temperature control system is used to control the water temperature in the anaerobic reactor, so that the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reaction occurring in the anaerobic reactor can be performed within a set temperature range, and the smooth performance of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reaction is ensured.

[0026] Preferably, the jacket is arranged at the position of the straight pipe section of the anaerobic reactor, particularly at the position corresponding to the outer side of the support layer and the filler layer. The jacket is connected with the heating tank in circulation, i.e. the liquid outlet of the jacket is connected with the liquid inlet of the heating tank, and the liquid inlet of the jacket is connected with the liquid outlet of the heating tank; a heating pump is further arranged between the liquid inlet of the jacket and the liquid outlet of the heating tank, the liquid heated by the heating tank is pumped into the jacket by the heating pump, and the liquid is returned to the heating tank from the liquid outlet of the jacket after the cold and hot exchange with the anaerobic reactor. The liquid flow direction in the jacket can be the same as or opposite to the wastewater flow direction in the anaerobic reactor.

[0027] According to the present application, the anaerobic ammonia oxidation device further comprises a gas-water separation tank, the water inlet of the gas-water separation tank is connected with the water outlet of the anaerobic reactor, and the gas-water separation tank further comprises a water outlet arranged at a position higher than the water inlet of the gas-water separation tank.

[0028] In some embodiments of the present application, the anaerobic reactor is a lift reactor with a height-to-diameter ratio of 7-20. Preferably, the anaerobic reactor can be made of glass, organic glass or other materials.

[0029] In a second aspect, the present application provides a method for starting the anaerobic ammonia oxidation device to realize the rapid start of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation device according to the first aspect.

[0030] According to the present application, the method for starting the anaerobic ammonia oxidation device comprises the following steps:

[0031] In the first step, the filler containing anaerobic ammonia oxidation bacteria and the sludge containing nitrifying bacteria are added to the filler layer of the anaerobic reactor.

[0032] In the second step, NaHCO3, NH4 + -N and NO2 - -N are added to the feeding tank, and appropriate nutrients required for the reproduction of nitrifying bacteria are added and stirred uniformly.

[0033] In the third step, the nitrogen-containing wastewater in the feeding tank is introduced into the anaerobic reactor, so that the wastewater is circulated between the anaerobic reactor and the circulating water tank. The anaerobic ammonia oxidation bacteria reproduce in the anaerobic reactor and realize the biofilm formation.

[0034] In the fourth step, the temperature control system is used to adjust and control the water temperature in the anaerobic reactor to 30-35℃.

[0035] In the fifth step, NH4 + -N and NO2 - -N are gradually added to the feeding tank to increase the NH4 + -N and NO2 -concentration of -N until anaerobic ammonia oxidation biofilm is attached to the surface of the filler;

[0036] In the sixth step, the water circulation amount between the anaerobic reactor and the circulating water tank is gradually increased, so that the filler layer in the anaerobic reactor is gradually changed from a fixed bed model to a fluidized bed model, until anaerobic ammonia oxidation biofilm is completely attached to the surface of the filler, and the start-up is completed.

[0037] Preferably, in the first step, the filling amount of the filler containing anaerobic ammonia oxidation bacteria in the anaerobic reactor is 40-60%.

[0038] Preferably, in the first step, sludge containing domesticated nitrifying bacteria is selected, and the addition amount of the sludge containing nitrifying bacteria is to ensure that the total amount of sludge in the anaerobic reactor is greater than 4 g / L.

[0039] Preferably, in the second step, the concentration of NH4 + -N is between 30-60 mg / L, the concentration of NO2 - -N is between 40-80 mg / L; the addition amount of NaHCO3 is controlled to make IC / TIN (inorganic carbon / total inorganic nitrogen) in the range of 0.4-1.

[0040] Preferably, in the second step, the nutrients include MgSO4, CaCl2, FeSO4, KH2PO4 and micro liquid. The amount of each nutrient in the wastewater can refer to the amount of existing nitrifying bacteria culture solution in the art.

[0041] More preferably, the concentration of Fe 2+ in the nitrogen-containing wastewater is less than 0.1 mmol / L; the concentration of NH4 + -N is between 30-60 mg / L; the concentration of NO2 3- -N is between 40-80 mg / L; the molar ratio of -N to PO4

[0042] Preferably, the fifth step further includes periodically sampling from the water outlet of the gas-water separation tank during the operation of the device for analysis, when the removal rates of NH4 + -N and NO2 - -N are greater than 90%, and the amount of NO3 - -N generated is decreased, the concentration of NH4 + -N and NO2 - -N in the nitrogen-containing wastewater in the feeding barrel is gradually increased, preferably, the concentration of NH4 + -N is increased by 30-80 mg / L each time, and the concentration of NO2 - -N is increased by 30-80 mg / L each time, until the concentrations of NH4 + -N and NO2 - -N tend to the processing limit of the device.

[0043] Preferably, the sixth step increases the circulation amount and controls the upflowing speed to be 30-80 m 3 / h. For example, the upflowing speed can be controlled to be 30 m 3 / h, 40 m 3 / h, 45 m 3 / h, 50 m 3 / h, 55 m 3 / h, 60 m 3 / h, 70 m 3 / h, 80 m 3 / h, etc.

[0044] In a third aspect, the application provides application of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation device of the first aspect and / or the anaerobic ammonia oxidation device starting method of the second aspect in wastewater denitrification.

[0045] The application has the following advantages:

[0046] In the anaerobic ammonia oxidation device, the water flow distributor is used to uniformly distribute the incoming water, and the supporting layer is used to uniformly distribute the water again. When the supporting layer is composed of multiple layers of porcelain balls, each layer of porcelain balls is equivalent to a water flow distributor, which can improve the uniformity of water distribution. In addition, when the particle size of the porcelain balls decreases from bottom to top layer by layer, the distribution hole diameter of the water flow distributor gradually decreases, which can achieve more uniform water distribution. The combined action of the water flow distributor and the supporting layer can make the nitrogen-containing pollutants in the wastewater more uniformly distributed, which is beneficial to improve the denitrification efficiency and effect of the filler. Furthermore, the three-way valve is selected at the feed inlet and connected with the circulating water tank and the feed barrel, so that the wastewater from the feed barrel and the circulating water are mixed before entering the anaerobic reactor. The nitrogen-containing pollutants can be preliminarily distributed in the pipeline, so that the water containing nitrogen-containing pollutants is more uniformly distributed before contacting the filler, which is beneficial to maintain the stable operation of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reaction in the anaerobic reactor and also can accelerate the generation speed of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation biofilm. The supporting layer can also support the filler, which is convenient for the anaerobic ammonia oxidation bacteria and nitrifying bacteria to attach to the surface of the supporting layer to rapidly realize the biofilm formation in the early stage.

[0047] The anaerobic ammonia oxidation device of the present application is further provided with a filler partition plate above the filler layer in the anaerobic reactor, which can effectively intercept the filler floating in the operation process, avoid the filler loss causing the circulation pipeline blockage, meanwhile, more fillers are intercepted in the anaerobic reactor, which can also effectively accelerate the generation speed of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation biofilm. The strip hole plate is used as the filler partition plate and the water flow distributor, so that the structure of the whole device is simpler, the hole channel of the strip hole plate is not easy to be blocked; and the strip hole plate used as the water flow distributor makes the water flow distributor have a stronger supporting effect, which is sufficient to support the continuously expanding filler. The anaerobic ammonia oxidation device of the present application is further provided with a temperature regulation system, which can control the water temperature in the anaerobic reactor, and weaken the influence of the water temperature on the device start-up and the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reaction.

[0048] The present application first adds the sludge containing nitrifying bacteria into the anaerobic reactor in the initial start-up period of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation device, the nitrification reaction of the nitrifying bacteria is utilized to rapidly consume the dissolved oxygen in the device (especially when the sludge containing the domesticated nitrifying bacteria is selected, the nitrifying bacteria can perform the nitrification reaction after contacting with the nitrogen-containing wastewater, so that the time for further domestication of the nitrifying bacteria can be saved), and the nitrifying bacteria is utilized to make the dissolved oxygen in the device long-term stable at 0 mg / L, so as to meet the growth needs of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation bacteria. The wastewater with low nitrogen content is first introduced into the device in the initial start-up period, and then the concentration of NH4 + -N and NO2 - -N in the nitrogen-containing wastewater is gradually increased with the operation of the device, so that the anaerobic ammonia oxidation bacteria can rapidly reproduce and gradually improve the denitrification capacity. NaHCO3 is utilized to provide the carbon source for the anaerobic ammonia oxidation bacteria, while maintaining the pH value and C / N value of the water body in the device in the appropriate range, and the temperature regulation system is utilized to control the water temperature in the anaerobic reactor in the start-up process to be at the appropriate temperature, so as to reduce the influence of various factors on the reproduction of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation bacteria, and accelerate the reproduction speed of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation bacteria.

[0049] The start-up method of the present application is used to start the anaerobic ammonia oxidation device of the present application, the start-up period is short, the anaerobic ammonia oxidation bacteria with good denitrification effect and high denitrification efficiency can be domesticated within 90 days, and the biofilm can be formed, after the start-up is completed, the device has a high total nitrogen removal load, the wastewater is treated by using the device for denitrification, the operation is simple, the total nitrogen removal rate is high, the device can be long-term stably operated, and the device has obvious economic and social benefits. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0050] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic view of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation device of the present application.

[0051] Figure 2 It is a top view of the strip hole plate.

[0052] Identifications in the figure:

[0053] 1, feed inlet, 2, water flow distributor, 3, jacket, 4, support layer, 5, filler layer, 6, anaerobic reactor, 7, heating pump, 8, heating tank, 9, filler partition, 10, drainage outlet, 11, circulating water outlet, 12, gas-water separation tank, 13, gas-water separation tank water outlet, 14, dissolved oxygen meter, 15, circulating water tank, 16, circulating water tank water inlet, 17, circulating water tank water outlet, 18, circulating pump, 19, feed barrel, 20, feed pump, 21, orifice plate hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0054] The technology of the present application is further illustrated by the following examples. These examples are illustrative and exemplary of the present application and do not limit the scope of the present application in any way.

[0055] Example 1

[0056] An anaerobic ammonia oxidation device includes a feed inlet 1, a water flow distributor 2, a jacket 3, a support layer 4, a filler layer 5, an anaerobic reactor 6, a heating pump 7, a heating tank 8, a top orifice plate 9, a drainage outlet 10, a circulating water outlet 11, a gas-water separation tank 12, a gas-water separation tank water outlet 13, a dissolved oxygen meter 14, a circulating water tank 15, a circulating water tank water inlet 15, a circulating water tank water outlet 17, a circulating pump 18, a feed barrel 19, a feed pump 20, and an orifice plate hole 21. The structure of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation device of the present application is shown in Figure 1 .

[0057] The top of the anaerobic reactor 6 is provided with a drainage outlet 10, which is connected to the water inlet of the gas-water separation tank 12. The gas-water separation tank 12 is provided with a gas-water separation tank water outlet 13 at a position higher than the water inlet.

[0058] The bottom of the anaerobic reactor 6 is provided with a feed inlet 1, which is connected to the discharge outlet of the feed barrel 19, and a feed pump 20 is further arranged between the feed inlet 1 and the discharge outlet of the feed barrel 19, so as to facilitate the pumping of wastewater into the anaerobic reactor 6.

[0059] The anaerobic reactor 6 is provided with a circulating water outlet 11 at a position higher than the filler layer 5 and lower than the drainage outlet 10, which is connected to the circulating water tank water inlet 16 arranged at the bottom of one side wall of the circulating water tank 15, and a circulating pump 18 is further arranged between the circulating water outlet 11 and the circulating water tank water inlet 16. In addition, the feed inlet 1 is connected to the circulating water tank water outlet 17 arranged at the top of the circulating water tank 15, so as to realize water circulation between the anaerobic reactor 6 and the circulating water tank 15.

[0060] The top of the circulating water tank 15 is further provided with a dissolved oxygen meter 14, which can realize online monitoring.

[0061] The feed inlet 1 is connected with the outlet of the feed pump 20 and the outlet of the circulating water tank 17 through a three-way valve, so that the waste water pumped from the feed tank 19 and the circulating water are mixed before entering the anaerobic reactor 6, the concentration of the nitrogen pollutants in the incoming water is adjusted, and the stable anaerobic ammonia oxidation reaction in the anaerobic reactor 6 is better maintained.

[0062] The water flow distributor 2 is arranged near the feed inlet 1 and slightly higher than the feed inlet 1, and the water flow entering the anaerobic reactor 6 from the feed inlet 1 is uniformly distributed through the water flow distributor 2, then rises through the support layer 4 to the filler layer 5, and fully contacts the filler of the filler layer 5 to perform the anaerobic ammonia oxidation reaction. In the initial stage of starting, the nitrifying bacteria are also contacted to cause the nitrification reaction.

[0063] The water flow distributor 2 is a strip hole plate, and a proper amount of holes with a diameter of 1-2 mm are uniformly distributed on the strip hole plate.

[0064] The support layer 4 is composed of two layers of white ceramic balls, wherein the particle size of the bottom layer of ceramic balls ranges from 8 to 12 mm, and the particle size of the upper layer of ceramic balls ranges from 4 to 6 mm.

[0065] The filler of the filler layer 5 is a self-made cylindrical filler, the diameter of the filler is 2.5-3 mm, the length of the filler is 1-30 mm, the water-containing density of the filler is 800-1200 kg / m 3 , the unit volume is 0.028-0.044 mL / particle, the contact angle is 60°, and the specific surface area is 50 m 2 / g.

[0066] The filler partition plate 9 is arranged in the anaerobic reactor 6 at a position lower than the circulating outlet 11 and higher than the filler layer 5, and the filler partition plate 9 is composed of two strip hole plates, and a proper amount of holes with a diameter of 1-2 mm are uniformly distributed on the strip hole plates.

[0067] The above-mentioned strip hole plate has a square strip hole plate hole 21 as shown in the drawing. Figure 2

[0068] The device further comprises a temperature control system, and the temperature control system comprises a jacket 3 arranged outside the anaerobic reactor 6 and a heating tank 8 connected with the jacket 3. The jacket 3 is arranged on the straight pipe section of the anaerobic reactor 6 and corresponds to the outside of the support layer 4 and the filler layer 5. The jacket 3 is connected with the heating tank 8 in circulation, a heating pump 7 is arranged between the liquid inlet of the jacket 3 and the liquid outlet of the heating tank 8, the liquid heated by the heating tank 8 is pumped into the jacket 3 through the heating pump 7, and the liquid exchanges heat with the anaerobic reactor 6 in the jacket 3 and then returns to the heating tank 8 from the liquid outlet of the jacket 3. The flow direction of the liquid in the jacket 3 is the same as the flow direction of the waste water in the anaerobic reactor 6. ​

[0069] The anaerobic reactor 6 is an up-flow reactor made of glass with a height to diameter ratio of 8.

[0070] Example 2

[0071] The starting method of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation device of Example 1 comprises the following steps:

[0072] In the first step, a certain amount of self-made cylindrical filler (containing uncultured anaerobic ammonia oxidation bacteria) is added into the anaerobic reactor 6, so that the filling rate of the filler in the anaerobic reactor 6 is 50%, and a certain amount of aerobic nitrifying sludge containing cultured nitrifying bacteria is added into the anaerobic reactor 6, so that the concentration of the aerobic nitrifying sludge in the anaerobic reactor 6 is greater than 4 g / L. The diameter of the filler is 2.5-3 mm, the length of the filler is 1-30 mm, the water density of the filler is 800-1200 kg / m 3 , the unit volume is 0.028-0.044 mL / particle, the contact angle is 60°, and the specific surface area is 50 m 2 / g.

[0073] In the second step, pure water is introduced into the feed tank 19, and then a certain amount of NaHCO3, NH4 + -N and NO2 - -N is added to prepare nitrogen-containing wastewater, and an appropriate amount of nutrient substance required for the reproduction of nitrifying bacteria is added and stirred uniformly.

[0074] In the third step, the nitrogen-containing wastewater in the feed tank 19 is sent into the anaerobic reactor 6, so that the wastewater circulates between the anaerobic reactor 6 and the circulating water tank 15.

[0075] In the fourth step, the temperature control system is used to adjust and control the water temperature in the anaerobic reactor 6 to be 30-35°C.

[0076] In the fifth step, the content of NH4 + -N and NO2 - -N in the wastewater in the feed tank 19 is gradually increased until the red anaerobic ammonia oxidation biofilm is attached to the surface of the filler.

[0077] In the sixth step, the circulation amount of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation device is increased, and the up-flow speed is controlled to be 50 m 3 / h, so that the filler layer 5 in the anaerobic reactor 6 is changed from a fixed bed mode to a fluidized bed mode, until the red anaerobic ammonia oxidation biofilm is completely attached to the surface of the filler, and the starting is completed.

[0078] In the second step, the concentration of NH4 + -N in the nitrogen-containing wastewater is 50 mg / L, and the concentration of NO2 - -N is 50 mg / L.

[0079] In the second step, after adding nutrients, the nitrogen-containing wastewater contains MgSO4*7H2O 0.3 g / L, CaCl2 0.3 g / L, FeSO4*7H2O 5.0 g / L, KH2PO4 0.3 g / L, NaHCO3 0.42 g / L, EDTA*2K 31.28 g / L, CoCl2*6H2O 0.24 g / L, CuSO4*5H2O 0.25 g / L, H3BO3 0.014 g / L, MnCl2*4H2O 0.99 g / L, H2Mo2O7 0.28 g / L, NiCl2*6H2O 0.19 g / L, and ZnSO4*7H2O 0.43 g / L.

[0080] The fifth step further comprises periodically sampling and analyzing the water from the water outlet 13 of the gas-water separation tank during the operation of the device, and when the NH4 + -N and NO2 - -N removal rate is greater than 90%, and the amount of NO3 - -N generated is reduced, the concentration of NH4 + -N and NO2 - -N is increased by 50 mg / L each time until the concentration of NH4 + -N and NO2 - -N is each 500 mg / L. + -N and NO2 - -N is each 500 mg / L.

[0081] Example 3

[0082] The anaerobic ammonia oxidation device of Example 1 is started according to the steps of Example 2, with the difference that in the second step, the concentration of NH4 + -N in the nitrogen-containing wastewater is 30 mg / L, and the concentration of NO2 - -N is 40 mg / L; in the fifth step, the concentration of NH4 + -N and NO2 - -N is increased by 50 mg / L each time until the concentration of NH4 + -N is 470 mg / L, and the concentration of NO2 - -N is 490 mg / L.

[0083] Example 4

[0084] The anaerobic ammonia oxidation device of Example 1 is started according to the steps of Example 2, with the difference that in the second step, the concentration of NH4 + -N in the nitrogen-containing wastewater is 60 mg / L, and the concentration of NO2 - -N is 80 mg / L; in the fifth step, the concentration of NH4 + -N and NO2 -- the concentration of NH4 + - the concentration of NH4 - - the concentration of NH4

[0085] Example 5

[0086] The anaerobic ammonium oxidation installation of Example 1 was started according to the procedure of Example 2, with the difference that in the second step, the concentration of NH4 + - the concentration of NH4 - - the concentration of NH4 + - the concentration of NH4 - - the concentration of NH4 + - the concentration of NH4 - - the concentration of NH4

[0087] Example 6

[0088] The anaerobic ammonium oxidation installation of Example 1 was started according to the procedure of Example 2, with the difference that in the fifth step, the concentration of NH4 + - the concentration of NH4 - - the concentration of NH4 + - the concentration of NH4 - - the concentration of NH4

[0089] Example 7

[0090] The anaerobic ammonium oxidation installation of Example 1 was started according to the procedure of Example 2, with the difference that in the fifth step, the concentration of NH4 + - the concentration of NH4 - - the concentration of NH4 + - the concentration of NH4 - - the concentration of NH4

[0091] Example 8

[0092] The anaerobic ammonium oxidation installation of Example 1 was started according to the procedure of Example 2, with the difference that in the fifth step, the concentration of NH4 + - the concentration of NH4 - - the concentration of NH4 + - the concentration of NH4 - - the concentration of NH4

[0093] Example 9

[0094] The anaerobic ammonia oxidation device of Example 1 was started according to the procedure of Example 2, with the difference that in the fifth step, the NH4 + -N and NO2 - -N each time by 20 mg / L until the concentration of NH4 + -N was 490 mg / L, NO2 - -N was 490 mg / L.

[0095] Example 10

[0096] The anaerobic ammonia oxidation device of Example 1 was started according to the procedure of Example 2, with the difference that in the first step no aerobic nitrifying sludge containing nitrifying bacteria was added, and in the second step no nutrients were added.

[0097] Example 11

[0098] The anaerobic ammonia oxidation device of Example 1 was started according to the procedure of Example 2, with the difference that in the first step a commercially available Amc anaerobic ammonia oxidation filler was used.

[0099] The applicant tested the starting of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation device of Example 1 according to the procedures of Examples 2-11, and the results of the starting were as follows:

[0100]

[0101]

[0102] It should be noted that the above-described examples are only used to explain the present application and do not constitute any limitation on the present application. The examples describe the present application, and it should be understood that the words used therein are descriptive and explanatory words, rather than limiting words. The present application can be modified as specified within the scope of the claims of the present application, and the present application can be revised without departing from the scope and spirit of the present application.

Claims

1. An anaerobic ammonia oxidation device, characterized in that, The device includes an anaerobic reactor (6), a circulating water tank (15), and a feed tank (19). The anaerobic reactor (6) is provided with a water flow distributor (2), a support layer (4), and a packing layer (5) from bottom to top. The support layer (4) is composed of 1 to 3 layers of ceramic balls. The anaerobic reactor (6) is provided with a feed inlet (1) at the bottom and a drain outlet (10) at the top. A circulating water outlet (11) is also provided at a position higher than the packing layer (5) and lower than the drain outlet (10). The circulating water tank (15) is connected to both the circulating water outlet (11) and the feed inlet (1) to realize water circulation between the anaerobic reactor (6) and the circulating water tank (15); The feed hopper (19) is connected to the feed inlet (1); The water flow distributor (2) is a perforated plate, and a number of channels are evenly distributed on the perforated plate; The packing material in the packing layer (5) is a cylindrical or spherical packing material with a diameter of 2.5–3 mm; the water content of the packing material in the packing layer (5) is 800–1200 kg / m³. 3 The unit volume is 0.028–0.044 mL / particle, the contact angle is 60°, and the specific surface area is 50 m². 2 / g.

2. The anaerobic ammonia oxidation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The supporting layer consists of 2 or 3 layers of ceramic balls, wherein the particle size of the bottom layer of ceramic balls is larger than the water distribution holes opened on the water distributor (2), and the particle size of the ceramic balls in the next layer is smaller than the particle size of the ceramic balls in the next adjacent layer.

3. The anaerobic ammonia oxidation device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The supporting layer consists of two layers of ceramic balls, with the bottom layer having a particle size range of 8mm to 12mm and the top layer having a particle size range of 4mm to 6mm. And / or, the ceramic ball is a white ceramic ball.

4. The anaerobic ammonia oxidation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The anaerobic reactor (6) has at least one layer of packing baffle (9) located below the circulating water outlet (11) and above the packing layer (5). The packing baffle (9) has holes smaller than the packing particle size.

5. The anaerobic ammonia oxidation device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The packing partition (9) is a perforated plate, and a number of channels are evenly distributed on the perforated plate.

6. The anaerobic ammonia oxidation apparatus according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The diameter of the channels in the perforated plate is 1 to 2 mm.

7. The anaerobic ammonia oxidation apparatus according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The device also includes a temperature control system, which includes a jacket (3) disposed outside the anaerobic reactor (6) and a heating tank (8) circulated therewith.

8. The anaerobic ammonia oxidation apparatus according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, A feed pump (20) is also provided between the feed hopper (19) and the feed inlet (1). And / or, the feed inlet (1) is connected to the circulating water tank (15) and the feed bucket (19) via a three-way valve; And / or, a circulation pump (18) is also provided between the circulation outlet (11) and the circulation tank (15). And / or, the circulating water tank (15) is equipped with a dissolved oxygen meter (14).

9. The anaerobic ammonia oxidation apparatus according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The device also includes a gas-water separator (12), the inlet of which is connected to the outlet (10), and the outlet (13) of which is provided on the gas-water separator (12) at a position higher than its inlet. And / or, the circulating water tank (15) is provided with a circulating water tank inlet (16) and a circulating water tank outlet (17), the circulating water tank inlet (16) is connected to the circulating water outlet (11), and the circulating water tank outlet (17) is connected to the feed inlet (1).

10. The anaerobic ammonia oxidation apparatus according to claim 9, characterized in that, The outlet (17) of the circulating water tank is located higher than the inlet (16) of the circulating water tank.

11. A method for starting up an anaerobic ammonia oxidation device, characterized in that, The device includes an anaerobic reactor (6), a circulating water tank (15), and a feed tank (19). The anaerobic reactor (6) is provided with a water flow distributor (2), a support layer (4), and a packing layer (5) from bottom to top. The support layer (4) is composed of 1 to 3 layers of ceramic balls. The anaerobic reactor (6) is provided with a feed inlet (1) at the bottom and a drain outlet (10) at the top. A circulating water outlet (11) is also provided at a position higher than the packing layer (5) and lower than the drain outlet (10). The circulating water tank (15) is connected to both the circulating water outlet (11) and the feed inlet (1) to realize water circulation between the anaerobic reactor (6) and the circulating water tank (15); The feed hopper (19) is connected to the feed inlet (1); The water flow distributor (2) is a perforated plate, and a number of channels are evenly distributed on the perforated plate; The startup method includes the following steps: The first step is to add packing material containing anaerobic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria and sludge containing nitrifying bacteria into the anaerobic reactor (6); The second step is to add NaHCO3 and NH4 to the feed tank (19). + -N and NO2 - -N is used to prepare nitrogen-containing wastewater, and nutrients required for the reproduction of nitrifying bacteria are added and stirred evenly; The third step is to pass the nitrogen-containing wastewater in the feed tank (19) into the anaerobic reactor (6) so that the wastewater circulates between the anaerobic reactor (6) and the circulating water tank (15); The fourth step is to use a temperature control system to adjust and control the water temperature in the anaerobic reactor (6) to 30-35℃; Fifth step, gradually increase the NH4 content of the nitrogen-containing wastewater in the feed tank (19). + -N and NO2 - The concentration of -N was adjusted until an anaerobic ammonia oxidation biofilm adhered to the surface of the packing material. Step 6: Increase the circulation volume between the anaerobic reactor (6) and the circulating water tank (15) to change the packing layer (5) in the anaerobic reactor (6) from a fixed bed to a fluidized bed until the anaerobic ammonia oxidation biofilm is completely attached to the surface of the packing. Start-up is then complete. In the first step, the packing material containing anaerobic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria accounts for 40-60% of the packing material in the anaerobic reactor (6); In the first step, sludge containing acclimatized nitrifying bacteria is selected, and the amount of sludge containing nitrifying bacteria added is to ensure that the total amount of sludge in the anaerobic reactor (6) is greater than 4 g / L. In the second step, NH4 in the nitrogen-containing wastewater + The concentration of -N is between 30 and 60 mg / L, NO2 - -N concentration is between 40 and 80 mg / L; the dosage of NaHCO3 is controlled to keep the ratio of inorganic carbon to total inorganic nitrogen in the range of 0.4 to 1; In the second step, the nutrients include MgSO4, CaCl2, FeSO4, KH2PO4, and micro-liquid; The fifth step also includes periodically taking samples from the outlet (13) of the gas-liquid separator for analysis during the operation of the device, when NH4 + -N and NO2 - -N removal rate greater than 90% and NO3 - As the amount of -N generated decreases, gradually increase the NH4+ concentration in the nitrogen-containing wastewater in the feed tank. + -N and NO2 - -N content; In the fifth step, NH4 + -N and NO2 - The concentration of each of the -N molecules increases by 30–80 mg / L each time, until the concentration approaches the processing limit of the device. In step six, when increasing the circulation volume, control the upflow velocity to 30–80 m / s. 3 / h.

12. The startup method according to claim 11, characterized in that, Fe in nitrogen-containing wastewater 2+ Concentration less than 0.1 mmol / L; And / or, the NH4 in the nitrogen-containing wastewater + -N and PO4 3- The molar ratio is 200:1 to 500:

1. And / or, the microfluidic contains elements of cobalt, copper, boron, manganese, molybdenum, nickel, and zinc.

13. The start-up method of any one of claims 11 or 12 is used in the rapid start-up of the anaerobic ammonia oxidation unit of any one of claims 1-10.

14. The anaerobic ammonia oxidation device as described in any one of claims 1-10 and / or the start-up method as described in any one of claims 11 or 12, are used in wastewater denitrification.

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