Liquid crystal grating, driving method thereof, and 3D display device

Abstract

The disclosure provides a liquid crystal grating, a driving method thereof and a 3D display device. The liquid crystal grating comprises a first substrate, a second substrate arranged opposite to the first substrate, a liquid crystal layer between the first substrate and the second substrate, a first transparent grating electrode layer on a side of the first substrate facing the liquid crystal layer, and the first transparent grating electrode layer comprises a plurality of first strip electrodes arranged at intervals along a first direction and arranged along a second direction, and at least part of the first strip electrodes is divided into at least two first sub-strip electrodes arranged independently along the first direction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of 3D display technology, and in particular to a liquid crystal grating, its driving method, and a 3D display device. Background Technology

[0002] The working principle of 3D display technology is as follows: for the same scene, the viewer's left and right eyes receive images separately. The horizontal distance between the viewer's two eyes (i.e., interpupillary distance, approximately 65mm) causes a slight difference in the viewing angle between the two eyes. Due to this difference, the images observed by the viewer's left and right eyes will also be slightly different. This difference is called "binocular parallax". After being fused by the visual cortex of the brain, a stereoscopic effect is formed.

[0003] With the development of display technology, naked-eye 3D display has become increasingly popular. Naked-eye 3D technology refers to a display technology that allows the left and right eyes to view images with parallax directly from the display screen without any tools. The two images are then transmitted to the brain to produce a stereoscopic image. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This disclosure provides a liquid crystal grating, its driving method, and a 3D display device, the specific solutions of which are as follows: This disclosure provides a liquid crystal grating, comprising: First substrate; The second substrate is disposed opposite to the first substrate; A liquid crystal layer, wherein the liquid crystal layer is located between the first substrate and the second substrate; A first transparent grating electrode layer is located on the side of the first substrate facing the liquid crystal layer; the first transparent grating electrode layer includes a plurality of spaced first strip electrodes extending along a first direction and arranged along a second direction; wherein... At least a portion of the first strip electrode is divided into at least two independently disposed first sub-strip electrodes along the first direction.

[0005] In one possible implementation, in the liquid crystal grating provided in the embodiments of this disclosure, each of the first strip electrodes is divided into at least two independently disposed first sub-strip electrodes along the first direction.

[0006] In one possible implementation, the liquid crystal grating provided in the embodiments of this disclosure further includes: an insulating layer located on the side of the first transparent grating electrode layer facing the liquid crystal layer, and a second transparent grating electrode layer located on the side of the insulating layer facing the liquid crystal layer. The second transparent grating electrode layer includes a plurality of spaced second strip electrodes extending along the first direction and arranged along the second direction. The orthographic projection of the second strip electrodes onto the first substrate covers the orthographic projection of the area between two adjacent first strip electrodes onto the first substrate. At least a portion of the second strip electrode is divided into at least two independently disposed second sub-strip electrodes along the first direction.

[0007] In one possible implementation, in the liquid crystal grating provided in the embodiments of this disclosure, each of the second strip electrodes is divided into at least two independently disposed second sub-strip electrodes along the first direction.

[0008] In one possible implementation, in the liquid crystal grating provided in the embodiments of this disclosure, the number of second sub-strip electrodes included in each second strip electrode is the same as the number of first sub-strip electrodes included in each first strip electrode.

[0009] In one possible implementation, in the liquid crystal grating provided in the embodiments of this disclosure, each of the first sub-strip electrodes included in the first strip electrode has the same length along the first direction, and each of the second sub-strip electrodes included in the second strip electrode has the same length along the first direction.

[0010] In one possible implementation, the liquid crystal grating provided in the embodiments of this disclosure has a grating region and a peripheral region surrounding the grating region; The grating region includes: a plurality of control lines extending along the first direction and arranged along the second direction, a plurality of signal input lines extending along the second direction and arranged along the first direction, and a plurality of driving transistors located between the first substrate and the first transparent grating electrode layer; the driving transistors correspond one-to-one with the first sub-strip electrode and the second sub-strip electrode; The control line is disposed on the same layer as the gate of the driving transistor, and the signal input line is disposed on the same layer as the source and drain of the driving transistor. The gate of the driving transistor is electrically connected to the control line, the source of the driving transistor is electrically connected to the signal input line, and the drain of the driving transistor is electrically connected to the first sub-strip electrode or the second sub-strip electrode.

[0011] In one possible implementation, in the liquid crystal grating provided in the embodiments of this disclosure, the control line includes a first control line and a second control line, the signal input line includes a first signal input line and a second signal input line, and the driving transistor includes a first driving transistor and a second driving transistor; wherein... The gate of the first driving transistor is electrically connected to the first control line, the source of the first driving transistor is electrically connected to the first signal input line, and the drain of the first driving transistor is electrically connected to the first sub-strip electrode. The gate of the second driving transistor is electrically connected to the second control line, the source of the second driving transistor is electrically connected to the second signal input line, and the drain of the second driving transistor is electrically connected to the second sub-strip electrode.

[0012] In one possible implementation, in the liquid crystal grating provided in the embodiments of this disclosure, the gates of each of the first driving transistors electrically connected to the same first strip electrode are electrically connected to the same first control line, and at least one first control line is electrically connected to the gate of each of the first driving transistors electrically connected to the first strip electrode.

[0013] In one possible implementation, in the liquid crystal grating provided in the embodiments of this disclosure, the gates of each of the second driving transistors electrically connected to the same second strip electrode are electrically connected to the same second control line, and at least one second control line is electrically connected to the gate of each of the second driving transistors electrically connected to the second strip electrode.

[0014] In one possible implementation, in the liquid crystal grating provided in the embodiments of this disclosure, the peripheral region includes multiple first signal leads and multiple second signal leads. The sources of each of the first driving transistors electrically connected to the same first strip electrode are electrically connected to the same first signal lead through the corresponding first signal input line. The sources of each of the first driving transistors electrically connected to different first strip electrodes are electrically connected to different first signal leads through the corresponding first signal input line. The sources of each of the second driving transistors electrically connected to the same second strip electrode are electrically connected to the same second signal lead through the corresponding second signal input line, and the sources of each of the second driving transistors electrically connected to different second strip electrodes are electrically connected to different second signal leads through the corresponding second signal input line.

[0015] In one possible implementation, in the liquid crystal grating provided in the embodiments of this disclosure, the peripheral region includes multiple first signal leads and multiple second signal leads. The sources of each first driving transistor electrically connected to each first sub-strip electrode in the same first strip electrode are electrically connected to different first signal leads through corresponding first signal input lines. The sources of each first driving transistor electrically connected to different first strip electrodes are electrically connected to different first signal leads through corresponding first signal input lines. The sources of the second driving transistors electrically connected to each of the second sub-strip electrodes in the same second strip electrode are electrically connected to different second signal leads through corresponding second signal input lines, and the sources of the second driving transistors electrically connected to different second strip electrodes are electrically connected to different second signal leads through corresponding second signal input lines.

[0016] In one possible implementation, in the liquid crystal grating provided in the embodiments of this disclosure, the grating region is divided into at least one region. For each region, each first strip electrode is divided into multiple first groups, with the same number of first strip electrodes in each first group and the same number of first signal leads as the first strip electrodes in each first group; each second strip electrode is divided into multiple second groups, with the same number of second strip electrodes in each second group and the same number of second signal leads as the second strip electrodes in each second group. Within each of the first groups, the first strip electrodes in the same position are electrically connected to the same first signal lead through the same first signal input line, and the first strip electrodes in different positions are electrically connected to different first signal leads through different first signal input lines; Within each of the second groups, second strip electrodes in the same position are electrically connected to the same second signal lead via the same second signal input line, while second strip electrodes in different positions are electrically connected to different second signal leads via different second signal input lines.

[0017] In one possible implementation, the liquid crystal grating provided in the embodiments of this disclosure further includes a planarization layer located between the driving transistor and the first transparent grating electrode layer. The first driving transistor includes a first gate, a first active layer, a first source, and a first drain stacked together. The first sub-strip electrode is electrically connected to the first drain through a via penetrating the planarization layer. The second driving transistor includes a second gate, a second active layer, a second source, and a second drain stacked together, and the second sub-strip electrode is electrically connected to the second drain through a via penetrating the planarization layer and the insulating layer; The first gate and the second gate are disposed in the same layer, the first active layer and the second active layer are disposed in the same layer, and the first source and the first drain are disposed in the same layer as the second source and the second drain.

[0018] In one possible implementation, in the liquid crystal grating provided in the embodiments of this disclosure, the first signal lead is disposed on the same layer as the first gate, and the second signal lead is disposed on the same layer as the first gate.

[0019] In one possible implementation, the liquid crystal grating provided in the embodiments of this disclosure further includes a gate insulating layer located between the first gate and the first active layer, wherein the first signal lead is electrically connected to the first signal input line through a via penetrating the gate insulating layer, and the second signal lead is electrically connected to the second signal input line through a via penetrating the gate insulating layer.

[0020] In one possible implementation, the liquid crystal grating provided in the embodiments of this disclosure further includes a common electrode layer located on the side of the second substrate facing the liquid crystal layer, wherein the common electrode layer is a planar structure formed over the entire surface.

[0021] Accordingly, this disclosure also provides a driving method for driving the liquid crystal grating described in any of the above embodiments of this disclosure, the driving method comprising: In 2D display mode, the entire liquid crystal grating is driven to form a light-transmitting area; In 3D display mode, the liquid crystal grating is driven to form alternating light-transmitting areas and dark areas.

[0022] In one possible implementation, in the driving method provided in the embodiments of this disclosure, in 3D display mode, driving the liquid crystal grating to form alternating light-transmitting areas and dark areas specifically includes: Obtain the current position information of the viewer's left or right eye relative to each light-transmitting area of ​​the liquid crystal grating; Based on the determined current position information, the driving transistor at the current position information location is turned off through the corresponding control line to form the light-transmitting area; the driving transistors at the other locations are turned on, and a driving voltage is applied to the corresponding signal input line through the first signal lead and the second signal lead. The driving voltage is transmitted to the first strip electrode and the second strip electrode through the turned-on driving transistor to form the dark state area.

[0023] Accordingly, this disclosure also provides a 3D display device, including a display panel, a liquid crystal grating as described in any of the above embodiments of this disclosure, and an eye-tracking module; The human eye tracking module is used to obtain the location of the viewer's eyes; Based on the current position of the viewer's eyes obtained by the eye-tracking module, the liquid crystal grating is controlled to form alternating light-transmitting and dark-state areas, so that the viewer's left eye sees the left-eye image displayed on the display panel through the light-transmitting area of ​​the liquid crystal grating, and the right eye sees the right-eye image displayed on the display panel through the light-transmitting area.

[0024] In one possible implementation, in the 3D display device provided in the embodiments of this disclosure, the display panel is a liquid crystal display panel, and the liquid crystal grating is disposed on the light-incident side of the liquid crystal display panel; Alternatively, the display panel may be an OLED display panel, and the liquid crystal grating may be disposed on the light-emitting side of the OLED display panel. Attached Figure Description

[0025] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this disclosure, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of this disclosure. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a liquid crystal grating provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic planar diagram of the first transparent grating electrode layer in the middle; Figure 3 for Figure 1 Another planar schematic diagram of the first transparent grating electrode layer; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of another liquid crystal grating provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 5 for Figure 4 A schematic planar representation of the second transparent grating electrode layer in a optical array. Figure 6 for Figure 4 Another planar schematic diagram of the second transparent grating electrode layer; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of another liquid crystal grating provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 8 The optical path diagram provided in this disclosure for when a liquid crystal grating is applied to a 3D display device; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of another liquid crystal grating provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 10 A schematic diagram of a planar structure of a liquid crystal grating provided in an embodiment of this disclosure; Figure 11 A schematic diagram of a planar structure of another liquid crystal grating provided in an embodiment of this disclosure; Figure 12 for Figure 10 A magnified view of a portion of the image; Figure 13 for Figure 9 A schematic diagram of a local membrane layer; Figure 14 for Figure 9 Another schematic diagram of a local membrane layer; Figure 15 The working principle of liquid crystal grating in 2D display; Figure 16 The working principle of liquid crystal grating in 3D display; Figure 17 A schematic flowchart illustrating a method for driving a liquid crystal grating according to an embodiment of this disclosure; Figure 18 A schematic flowchart illustrating another method for driving a liquid crystal grating provided in an embodiment of this disclosure; Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a 3D display device provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0027] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this disclosure clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this disclosure will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this disclosure. Furthermore, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this disclosure can be combined with each other without conflict. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the described embodiments of this disclosure without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this disclosure.

[0028] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in this disclosure shall have the ordinary meaning understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure pertains. The terms “first,” “second,” and similar terms used in this disclosure do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Terms such as “comprising” or “including” mean that an element or object preceding the word encompasses the elements or objects listed following the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. Terms such as “connected” or “linked” are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect.

[0029] It should be noted that the dimensions and shapes of the figures in the accompanying drawings do not reflect actual proportions and are intended only to illustrate the content of this disclosure. Furthermore, the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout.

[0030] This disclosure provides a liquid crystal grating, such as... Figures 1-3 As shown, Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a cross-section of a liquid crystal grating. Figure 2 for Figure 1A planar schematic diagram of the first transparent grating electrode layer. Figure 3 for Figure 1 Another planar schematic diagram of the first transparent grating electrode layer in the liquid crystal grating, which includes: First substrate 1; The second substrate 2 is disposed opposite to the first substrate 1; Liquid crystal layer 3 is located between the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 2; The first transparent grating electrode layer 4 is located on the side of the first substrate 1 facing the liquid crystal layer 3; the first transparent grating electrode layer 4 includes a plurality of spaced first strip electrodes 41 extending along a first direction X and arranged along a second direction Y; wherein... At least a portion of the first strip electrode 41 is divided along the first direction X into at least two independently disposed first sub-strip electrodes 411; for example, such as Figure 2 As shown, taking an example where each first strip electrode 41 is divided into two independently arranged first sub-strip electrodes 411 along the first direction X; Figure 3 As shown, each first strip electrode 41 is divided into three independently arranged first sub-strip electrodes 411 along the first direction X as an example; of course, it is not limited to this.

[0031] When the liquid crystal grating provided in this embodiment is applied to a 3D display device, by applying a driving voltage to a portion of the first strip electrodes 41 in the first transparent grating electrode layer 4 and not applying a driving voltage to a portion of the first strip electrodes 41, the liquid crystal grating can be driven to form alternating light-transmitting areas and dark areas. This allows the viewer's left eye to see the left-eye image displayed on the display panel through the light-transmitting area of ​​the liquid crystal grating, and the right eye to see the right-eye image displayed on the display panel through the light-transmitting area, thereby achieving naked-eye 3D display. This embodiment of the present disclosure further reduces the resistance of each of the first strip electrodes 41 divided into at least two independently arranged first sub-strip electrodes 411 along the first direction X, thereby reducing signal attenuation and delay, and improving the performance of the liquid crystal grating.

[0032] It should be noted that the liquid crystal grating provided in this disclosure is particularly suitable for large-size 3D display devices, such as 3D displays in cinemas. Large-size 3D display devices require large-size liquid crystal gratings, resulting in longer lengths of the first strip electrodes in the first transparent grating electrode layer, leading to higher resistance and potential signal attenuation and delay. Therefore, this disclosure significantly reduces the resistance of the first strip electrodes and improves signal transmission performance by dividing the longer first strip electrodes into at least two first sub-strip electrodes. Of course, the liquid crystal grating provided in this disclosure is also suitable for small-size 3D display devices.

[0033] It should be noted that the embodiments disclosed herein... Figures 1-3 Only a portion of the first strip electrode 41 is shown. Of course, in actual implementation, the number of the first strip electrode 41 is set according to the size of the liquid crystal grating.

[0034] In specific implementation, in the liquid crystal grating provided in the embodiments of this disclosure, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, each first strip electrode 41 is divided into at least two independently arranged first sub-strip electrodes 411 along the first direction X. This reduces the resistance of each first strip electrode 41 in the entire liquid crystal grating, thereby improving the signal transmission performance of each first strip electrode 41 in the entire liquid crystal grating.

[0035] In practical implementation, for a single-layer transparent grating electrode layer, due to the gaps between each strip electrode, the state of liquid crystal molecules at these gaps cannot be controlled. Therefore, the liquid crystal molecules at these gaps are only in one state, meaning the gap can only be a light-transmitting region or a dark region, and cannot form a switchable light-transmitting or dark region. To ensure that every position in the liquid crystal grating can be controlled to be either a light-transmitting or dark region, the liquid crystal grating provided in this embodiment of the present disclosure, such as... Figures 4-6 As shown, Figure 4 This is another schematic diagram of a cross-section of a liquid crystal grating. Figure 5 for Figure 4 A planar schematic diagram of the second transparent grating electrode layer. Figure 6 for Figure 4 Another planar schematic diagram of the second transparent grating electrode layer, the liquid crystal grating further includes: an insulating layer 5 located on the side of the first transparent grating electrode layer 4 facing the liquid crystal layer 3, and a second transparent grating electrode layer 6 located on the side of the insulating layer 5 facing the liquid crystal layer 3. The second transparent grating electrode layer 6 includes a plurality of spaced second strip electrodes 61 extending along a first direction X and arranged along a second direction Y. The second strip electrodes 61, when projected onto the first substrate 1, cover the area between two adjacent first strip electrodes 41 in the orthographic projection onto the first substrate 1. At least a portion of the second strip electrode 61 is divided along the first direction X into at least two independently disposed second sub-strip electrodes 611; for example, such as Figure 5 As shown, taking an example where each second strip electrode 61 is divided into two independently arranged second sub-strip electrodes 611 along the first direction X; as Figure 6 As shown, each second strip electrode 61 is divided into three independently arranged second sub-strip electrodes 611 along the first direction X as an example; of course, it is not limited to this.

[0036] This embodiment of the present disclosure divides at least a portion of the second strip electrode 61 along the first direction X into at least two independently arranged second sub-strip electrodes 611. This reduces the resistance of each of the at least two independently arranged second sub-strip electrodes 611. Based on the premise that each position in the liquid crystal grating can be controlled as a light-transmitting area or a dark area, signal attenuation and delay are further reduced, thereby further improving the performance of the liquid crystal grating.

[0037] In specific implementation, in the liquid crystal grating provided in the embodiments of this disclosure, such as Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, each second strip electrode 61 is divided into at least two independently arranged second sub-strip electrodes 611 along the first direction X. This reduces the resistance of each second strip electrode 61 in the entire liquid crystal grating, thereby improving the signal transmission performance of each second strip electrode 61 in the entire liquid crystal grating.

[0038] In specific implementation, in the liquid crystal grating provided in the embodiments of this disclosure, such as Figures 1-6 As shown, each of the first sub-strip electrodes 411 is distributed at equal intervals along the second direction Y, and each of the second sub-strip electrodes 611 is distributed at equal intervals along the second direction Y.

[0039] In specific implementation, in the liquid crystal grating provided in the embodiments of this disclosure, such as Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the number of second sub-strip electrodes 611 included in each second strip electrode 61 is the same as the number of first sub-strip electrodes 411 included in each first strip electrode 41.

[0040] In specific implementation, in the liquid crystal grating provided in the embodiments of this disclosure, such as Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the first strip electrode 41 includes each first sub-strip electrode 411 with the same length along the first direction X, and the second strip electrode 61 includes each second sub-strip electrode 611 with the same length along the first direction X.

[0041] In specific implementation, in the liquid crystal grating provided in the embodiments of this disclosure, such as Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, it also includes a common electrode layer 7 located on the side of the second substrate 2 facing the liquid crystal layer 3. The common electrode layer 7 can be a planar structure formed over the entire surface. Specifically, a driving voltage is applied to the first transparent grating electrode layer 4, the second transparent grating electrode layer 6, and the common electrode layer 7 to form alternating light-transmitting and dark-state regions in the liquid crystal grating.

[0042] In specific implementation, in the liquid crystal grating provided in the embodiments of this disclosure, such as Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, it also includes a sealing adhesive layer 8 located between the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 2 and around the liquid crystal grating, the sealing adhesive layer 8 being used to seal the liquid crystal layer 3.

[0043] In specific implementation, such as Figure 7 As shown, the liquid crystal grating provided in this embodiment further includes: a first alignment layer 9 located between the second transparent grating electrode layer 6 and the cathode layer 3, a second alignment layer 10 located between the liquid crystal layer 3 and the common electrode layer 7, a first polarizer 11 located on the side of the first substrate 1 away from the second substrate 2, and a second polarizer 12 located on the side of the second substrate away from the first substrate 1.

[0044] In practice, the first polarizer 11 and the first substrate 1, and the second polarizer 12 and the second substrate 2 are bonded together with optical adhesive.

[0045] In specific implementation, such as Figure 7 As shown, the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 3 can be oriented by the first alignment layer 11 and the second alignment layer 12 to make the liquid crystal molecules arrange in a twisted nematic (TN) configuration. That is, the liquid crystal grating provided in this embodiment can be a TN-type liquid crystal grating. In the liquid crystal layer of the TN-type liquid crystal grating, in the unpowered state, the liquid crystal molecules are continuously twisted 90° between the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 2. When a driving voltage is applied to both the first transparent grating electrode layer 4 and the second transparent grating electrode layer 6, the liquid crystal molecules are deflected, and the long axis of the liquid crystal molecules is arranged perpendicular to the first substrate.

[0046] In specific implementation, such as Figure 7 As shown, for a TN-type liquid crystal grating, the transmission axis of the first polarizer 11 and the transmission axis of the second polarizer 12 are perpendicular to each other. The first polarizer 11 converts the incident light into linearly polarized light that enters the liquid crystal layer 3. When no driving signal is applied to the first transparent grating electrode layer 4 and the second transparent grating electrode layer 6, the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 3 are not deflected. The polarization direction of the linearly polarized light rotates by 90° after passing through the liquid crystal layer 3 and can pass through the second polarizer 12. Therefore, the area where the liquid crystal molecules are not deflected corresponds to the light-transmitting area. However, when a driving signal is applied to the first transparent grating electrode layer 4 and the second transparent grating electrode layer 6, the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 3 are deflected. The polarization direction of the linearly polarized light does not change after passing through the liquid crystal layer 3 and cannot pass through the second polarizer 12. Therefore, the area where the liquid crystal molecules are deflected corresponds to the dark state area.

[0047] It should be noted that the liquid crystal grating provided in this embodiment is an example of a TN type liquid crystal grating, but it is not limited thereto.

[0048] like Figure 8 As shown, Figure 8 The optical path diagram is provided for when the liquid crystal grating provided in this embodiment is applied to a 3D display device (the liquid crystal grating is bonded to a 2D display panel). Based on this optical path diagram, the following relationship can be obtained by the similar triangle theorem:

[0049] Where W is the grating period (pitch), Ws is the grating slit width, H is the grating placement height, K is the number of viewpoints, P is the pixel width of the display panel, L is the optimal viewing distance for the observer, D is the interpupillary distance, and the viewpoint spacing Q = D / N, where N is a positive integer.

[0050] Combining the above formulas, we can obtain the main parameters of the grating as follows:

[0051] Typically, once the grating placement height H is determined, it cannot be changed after the display panel and grating are bonded together; furthermore, once the display panel is determined, the pixel width P is also a constant. From the above formula, we can obtain:

[0052] It can be seen that when H and P are constant, the optimal viewing distance L can be adjusted by changing the grating slit width Ws; and since W=KWs, the number of viewpoints K can also be adjusted by changing the grating slit width Ws. For example, the more viewpoints K there are, the more observers can watch at the same time.

[0053] In specific implementation, in the liquid crystal grating provided in the embodiments of this disclosure, such as Figures 9-12 As shown, Figure 9 This is another schematic diagram of a cross-section of a liquid crystal grating. Figure 10 and Figure 11 These are two planar schematic diagrams of liquid crystal gratings. Figure 12 for Figure 10 The enlarged schematic diagram shows that the liquid crystal grating has a grating region AA and a peripheral region BB surrounding the grating region AA. The grating region AA includes: multiple control lines (G11, G12...Gtae11', G12'...) (G21, G22...Gtae21', G22'...) extending along the first direction X and arranged along the second direction Y; multiple signal input lines (D11, D12...) (D21, D22...) extending along the second direction Y and arranged along the first direction X; and multiple driving transistors (TFT1 and TFT2) located between the first substrate 1 and the first transparent grating electrode layer 4; the driving transistors (TFT1 and TFT2) correspond one-to-one with the first sub-strip electrode 411 and the second sub-strip electrode 611; The control lines (G11, G12...Gtae11', G12'...) (G21, G22...Gtae21', G22'...) are arranged on the same layer as the gates (13 and 13') of the driving transistors (TFT1 and TFT2), and the signal input lines (D11, D12...) (D21, D22...) are arranged on the same layer as the sources (14 and 14') and drains (15 and 15') of the driving transistors (TFT1 and TFT2). The gates (13 and 13') of the driving transistors (TFT1 and TFT2) are electrically connected to the control line, the sources (14 and 14') of the driving transistors (TFT1 and TFT2) are electrically connected to the signal input line, and the drains (15 and 15') of the driving transistors (TFT1 and TFT2) are electrically connected to the first sub-strip electrode 411 or the second sub-strip electrode 611.

[0054] It should be noted that the embodiments of this disclosure... Figure 10 The diagram illustrates the first transparent grating electrode layer 4 and its corresponding control lines (G11, G12...Gtae11', G12'...), signal input lines (D11, D12...), TFT1, and the first signal leads (L11, L12...L11', L12'..., to be introduced later). Figure 11 The diagram shows the second transparent grating electrode layer 6 and the corresponding control lines (G21, G22...Gtae21', G22'...), signal input lines (D21, D22...), TFT2 and the second signal leads (L21, L22...L21', L22'..., to be introduced later).

[0055] In specific implementation, in the liquid crystal grating provided in the embodiments of this disclosure, such as Figures 9-11 As shown, the TFT is turned on or off by G control, and the D signal is charged or discharged through the TFT.

[0056] This embodiment employs driving transistors (TFT1 and TFT2) to control the switching of each first sub-strip electrode 411 and second sub-strip electrode 611. Each first sub-strip electrode 411 and second sub-strip electrode 611 can be individually controlled by its corresponding TFT to achieve switching between light transmission and opacity. This can be combined with an eye-tracking module to obtain the viewer's eye position in real time. The driving module controls the switching of the driving transistor corresponding to the current eye position based on the viewer's current eye position obtained by the eye-tracking module. This causes the liquid crystal grating to form alternating light-transmitting and dark-state areas, allowing the viewer's left eye to see the left-eye image displayed on the display panel through the light-transmitting area of ​​the liquid crystal grating, and the right eye to see the right-eye image displayed on the display panel through the light-transmitting area. Precise control of the light-transmitting and dark-state areas is possible, thus achieving both motion parallax due to viewer movement in 3D displays and eliminating moiré patterns and view crosstalk caused by changes in viewing position. Furthermore, when the viewer's position changes, the eye-tracking module tracks the viewer's eye position and uses the individual TFT control switches corresponding to the first sub-strip electrode 411 and the second sub-strip electrode 611 to adjust the grating opening and position in real time. This allows for precise control of the slit width Ws of the liquid crystal grating, thereby adjusting the viewer's optimal viewing distance L and the number of viewpoints K by changing the slit width Ws, thus providing the best viewing experience.

[0057] In specific implementation, in the liquid crystal grating provided in the embodiments of this disclosure, such as Figures 9-11 As shown, the control lines include first control lines (G11, G12...Gtae11', G12'...) and second control lines (G21, G22...Gtae21', G22'...), the signal input lines include first signal input lines (D11, D12...) and second signal input lines (D21, D22...), and the driving transistors include first driving transistor TFT1 and second driving transistor TFT2; wherein, The gates (13 and 13') of the first driving transistor TFT1 are electrically connected to the corresponding first control lines (G11, G12...Gtae11', G12'...), the sources (14 and 14') of the first driving transistor TFT1 are electrically connected to the corresponding first signal input lines (D11, D12...), and the drains (15 and 15') of the first driving transistor TFT1 are electrically connected to the corresponding first sub-strip electrode 411. The gates (13 and 13') of the second driving transistor TFT2 are electrically connected to the corresponding second control lines (G21, G22...Gtae21', G22'...), the sources (14 and 14') of the second driving transistor TFT2 are electrically connected to the corresponding second signal input lines (D21, D22...), and the drains (15 and 15') of the second driving transistor TFT2 are electrically connected to the corresponding second sub-strip electrode 611.

[0058] Specifically, such as Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, the gate 13 of the first driving transistor TFT1 is electrically connected to the corresponding first control line (G11, G12...Gtae11', G12'...), the source 14 of the first driving transistor TFT1 is electrically connected to the corresponding first signal input line (D11, D12...), and the drain 15 of the first driving transistor TFT1 is electrically connected to the corresponding first sub-strip electrode 411.

[0059] Specifically, such as Figure 9 and Figure 11 As shown, the gate 13' of the second driving transistor TFT2 is electrically connected to the corresponding second control lines (G21, G22...Gtae21', G22'...), the source 14' of the second driving transistor TFT2 is electrically connected to the corresponding second signal input lines (D21, D22...), and the drain 15' of the second driving transistor TFT2 is electrically connected to the corresponding second sub-strip electrode 611.

[0060] In specific implementation, in the liquid crystal grating provided in the embodiments of this disclosure, the gates of each first driving transistor electrically connected to the same first strip electrode are electrically connected to the same first control line. Specifically, as shown in the example... Figure 10 As shown, the first first strip electrode 41 from the left, comprising three first sub-strip electrodes 411, is electrically connected to the gate of each first driving transistor TFT1 and the first control line G11. The second first strip electrode 41 from the left, comprising three first sub-strip electrodes 411, is electrically connected to the gate of each first driving transistor TFT1 and the first control line G11. The third first strip electrode 41 from the left, comprising three first sub-strip electrodes 411, is electrically connected to the gate of each first driving transistor TFT1 and the first control line G11. The third first strip electrode 41, comprising three first sub-strip electrodes 411, is electrically connected to the gate of each first driving transistor TFT1 and the first control line G12. The fifth first strip electrode 41, comprising three first sub-strip electrodes 411, is electrically connected to the gate of each first driving transistor TFT1 and the first control line G12. The sixth first strip electrode 41, comprising three first sub-strip electrodes 411, is electrically connected to the gate of each first driving transistor TFT1 and the first control line G12. And so on...

[0061] In a specific implementation, in the liquid crystal grating provided in the embodiments of this disclosure, the gate of each first driving transistor is electrically connected to at least one first strip electrode, and specifically, as shown in the example below. Figure 10As shown, the first control line G11 is electrically connected to the gate of each first driving transistor TFT1, which is electrically connected to each of the first sub-strip electrodes 411 included in the first to third first strip electrodes 41 from the left; the first control line G12 is electrically connected to the gate of each first driving transistor TFT1, which is electrically connected to each of the first sub-strip electrodes 411 included in the fourth to sixth first strip electrodes 41 from the left; the first control line G13 is electrically connected to the gate of each of the first driving transistor TFT1, which is electrically connected to each of the first sub-strip electrodes 411 included in the seventh to ninth first strip electrodes 41 from the left; and so on...

[0062] The embodiments of this disclosure reduce the number of control lines and improve transmittance by employing a first control line that is electrically connected to the gate of each first driving transistor that is electrically connected to at least one (e.g., three) first strip electrodes.

[0063] It should be noted that in this embodiment, a first control line is used to electrically connect the gates of each first driving transistor electrically connected to three first strip electrodes. Of course, in specific implementations, a first control line can be electrically connected to the gates of each first driving transistor electrically connected to one, two, or more first strip electrodes. However, if there are more than three, the load on the first control line may not be sufficient. If a first control line is only electrically connected to the gate of each first driving transistor electrically connected to one first strip electrode, the number of first control lines is too large. Therefore, in this embodiment, it is preferable that a first control line is electrically connected to the gates of each first driving transistor electrically connected to two or three first strip electrodes.

[0064] In specific implementation, in the liquid crystal grating provided in the embodiments of this disclosure, such as Figure 9 and Figure 11 As shown, the gates of each second driving transistor TFT2 electrically connected to the same second strip electrode 61 are electrically connected to the same second control line, and each second control line is electrically connected to at least one gate of each second driving transistor TFT2 electrically connected to the second strip electrode 61. Specifically, Figure 11 The connection relationship of each second sub-strip electrode 611 included in the second strip electrode 61 can be found in [reference]. Figure 10 The description in the text, Figure 11 The connection relationship in Figure 10 The connection relationships are the same and will not be repeated here. Furthermore, in the embodiments of this disclosure, it is preferred that one second control line is electrically connected to the gate of each of the second driving transistors that are electrically connected to two or three second strip electrodes.

[0065] In specific implementation, in the liquid crystal grating provided in the embodiments of this disclosure, such as Figure 10 and Figure 11As shown, the surrounding area BB includes multiple first signal leads (L11, L12...L11', L12'...) and multiple second signal leads (L21, L22...L21', L22'...).

[0066] Specifically, such as Figure 10 As shown, the sources of each first driving transistor TFT1 electrically connected to the same first strip electrode (e.g., the first first strip electrode 41 from the left) are electrically connected to the same first signal lead L11 through the corresponding first signal input lines (D11, D14, D17). The sources of each first driving transistor TFT1 electrically connected to different first strip electrodes (e.g., the first first strip electrode 41 and the second first strip electrode 41 from the left) are electrically connected to different first signal leads (L11, L12) through the corresponding first signal input lines (D11, D12).

[0067] Specifically, such as Figure 11 As shown, the sources of each second driving transistor TFT2 electrically connected to the same second strip electrode (e.g., the first second strip electrode 61 from the left) are electrically connected to the same second signal lead L11' through corresponding second signal input lines (D21, D24, D27). The sources of each second driving transistor TFT2 electrically connected to different second strip electrodes (e.g., the first second strip electrode 61 and the second second strip electrode 61 from the left) are electrically connected to different second signal leads (L11', L12') through corresponding second signal input lines (D21, D22).

[0068] The embodiments disclosed herein provide Figure 10 and Figure 11 The structure shown is an example of each first sub-strip electrode included in the same first strip electrode being electrically connected to the same first signal lead, that is, each first sub-strip electrode included in the same first strip electrode is simultaneously loaded with a driving voltage or simultaneously not loaded with a driving voltage; and an example of each second sub-strip electrode included in the same second strip electrode being electrically connected to the same second signal lead, that is, each second sub-strip electrode included in the same second strip electrode is simultaneously loaded with a driving voltage or simultaneously not loaded with a driving voltage. Figure 10 and Figure 11This allows for column-driven operation of one or more columns. In practice, the sources of the first driving transistors electrically connected to the first sub-strip electrodes within the same first strip electrode are electrically connected to the same first signal lead via corresponding first signal input lines. Similarly, the sources of the first driving transistors electrically connected to different first strip electrodes are electrically connected to different first signal leads via corresponding first signal input lines. This means all first sub-strip electrodes are driven by different first signal leads. Likewise, the sources of the second driving transistors electrically connected to the second sub-strip electrodes within the same second strip electrode are electrically connected to the same second signal lead via corresponding second signal input lines. The sources of the second driving transistors electrically connected to different second strip electrodes are electrically connected to different second signal leads via corresponding second signal input lines. This means all second sub-strip electrodes are driven by different second signal leads. This allows for zoned driving, enabling more precise control of the light-transmitting and dark areas of the grating.

[0069] Specifically, the schematic diagram of the first transparent grating electrode layer and the second transparent grating electrode layer adopting a partitioned driving structure is shown below. Figure 10 , Figure 11 They are basically the same, with the only difference being that in the partition drive, all the first sub-strip electrodes are electrically connected to different first signal leads, and all the second sub-strip electrodes are electrically connected to different second signal leads.

[0070] In specific implementation, in the liquid crystal grating provided in the embodiments of this disclosure, such as Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown, the grating area AA is divided into at least one region (e.g., divided into two regions A1 and A2 along the center of AA). For each region (e.g., the first region A1), each first strip electrode 41 is divided into multiple first groups (e.g., three in each group from the left). The number of first strip electrodes 41 in each first group is the same (e.g., each group includes 3 first strip electrodes 41), and the number of first signal leads (L11, L12...) is the same as the number of first strip electrodes 41 in each first group (the number of first signal leads is 3). Each second strip electrode 61 is divided into multiple second groups (e.g., each group includes 3 second strip electrodes 61). The number of second strip electrodes 61 in each second group is the same (e.g., each group includes 3 second strip electrodes 61), and the number of second signal leads (L21, L22...) is the same as the number of second strip electrodes 61 in each second group (the number of second signal leads is 3).

[0071] Specifically, such as Figure 10As shown, within each first group, the first strip electrodes at the same position are electrically connected to the same first signal lead through the same first signal input line. For example, the first first strip electrode 41, the fourth first strip electrode 41, the seventh first strip electrode 41, etc. from the left are all electrically connected to the first signal lead L11 through the first signal input line D11. The second first strip electrode 41, the fifth first strip electrode 41, the eighth first strip electrode 41, etc. from the left are all electrically connected to the first signal lead L12 through the first signal input line D12. The third first strip electrode 41, the sixth first strip electrode 41, the ninth first strip electrode 41, etc. from the left are all electrically connected to the first signal lead L13 through the first signal input line D13, and so on. The first strip electrodes at different positions are electrically connected to different first signal leads through different first signal input lines. For example, the first, second, and third first strip electrodes 41 from the left are electrically connected to the corresponding first signal leads L11, L12, and L13 through first signal input lines D11, D12, and D13, respectively. The fourth, fifth, and sixth first strip electrodes 41 from the left are electrically connected to the corresponding first signal leads L11, L12, and L13 through first signal input lines D11, D12, and D13, respectively, and so on.

[0072] Specifically, such as Figure 11 As shown, within each second group, second strip electrodes in the same position are electrically connected to the same second signal lead via the same second signal input line. For example, the first, fourth, and seventh second strip electrodes from the left are all electrically connected to the second signal lead L21 via the second signal input line D21. The second, fifth, and eighth second strip electrodes from the left are all electrically connected to the second signal lead L22 via the second signal input line D22. The third, sixth, and ninth second strip electrodes from the left are all electrically connected to the second signal lead L23 via the second signal input line D23, and so on. The second strip electrodes at different positions are electrically connected to different second signal leads via different second signal input lines. For example, the first, second, and third second strip electrodes 61 from the left are electrically connected to the corresponding second signal leads L21, L22, and L23 via second signal input lines D21, D22, and D23, respectively. Similarly, the fourth, fifth, and sixth second strip electrodes 61 from the left are electrically connected to the corresponding second signal leads L21, L22, and L23 via second signal input lines D21, D22, and D23, respectively, and so on.

[0073] Specifically, such as Figure 10 As shown, the first control lines (G11, G12...) located in the first region A1 are electrically connected to the gate drive circuit GOA1, and the first control lines (Gtae11', G12'...) located in the second region A2 are electrically connected to the gate drive circuit GOA2. That is, the two GOA units control the first control lines (G11, G12...Gtae11', G12'...) to open row by row according to a certain timing sequence.

[0074] Specifically, such as Figure 11 As shown, the second control lines (G21, G22...) located in the first region A1 are electrically connected to the gate drive circuit GOA1, and the second control lines (Gtae21', G22'...) located in the second region A2 are electrically connected to the gate drive circuit GOA2. That is, the two GOA units control the second control lines (G21, G22...Gtae21', G22'...) to open row by row according to a certain timing sequence.

[0075] In specific implementation, in the liquid crystal grating provided in the embodiments of this disclosure, such as Figure 9 As shown, it also includes a planarization layer 16 located between the driving transistors (TFT1 and TFT2) and the first transparent grating electrode layer 4. The first driving transistor TFT1 includes a first gate 13, a first active layer 17, a first source 14 and a first drain 15 stacked together. The first sub-strip electrode 411 is electrically connected to the first drain 15 through a via penetrating the planarization layer 16. The second driving transistor TFT2 includes a second gate 13', a second active layer 17', a second source 14', and a second drain 15' stacked together. The second sub-strip electrode 611 is electrically connected to the second drain 15' through a via penetrating the planarization layer 16 and the insulating layer 5. The first gate 13 and the second gate 13' are disposed in the same layer, the first active layer 17 and the second active layer 17' are disposed in the same layer, and the first source 14 and the first drain 15 are disposed in the same layer as the second source 14' and the second drain 15'. In this way, film layers with the same function can be fabricated in a single patterning process, reducing the fabrication process and reducing the manufacturing cost.

[0076] In specific implementation, in the liquid crystal grating provided in the embodiments of this disclosure, such as Figures 9-11As shown, the first signal leads (L11, L12...) are disposed on the same layer as the first gate 13, and the second signal leads (L21, L22...) are disposed on the same layer as the first gate 13'. In this way, only the original pattern needs to be changed when forming the first gate 13 and the first gate 13', and the patterns of the first signal leads (L11, L12...), the second signal leads (L21, L22...), and the first gate 13 and the first gate 13' can be formed in one patterning process. There is no need to add a separate process for fabricating the first signal leads (L11, L12...) and the second signal leads (L21, L22...), which simplifies the fabrication process, saves production costs, and improves production efficiency.

[0077] In specific implementation, in the liquid crystal grating provided in the embodiments of this disclosure, such as Figure 9 , Figure 13 and Figure 14 As shown, Figure 13 and Figure 14 for Figure 9 The schematic diagram of the partial film layer also includes a gate insulating layer 18 located between the first gate 13 and the first active layer 17. The first signal lead L11 is electrically connected to the first signal input line D11 through a via penetrating the gate insulating layer 18, and the second signal lead L21 is electrically connected to the second signal input line D21 through a via penetrating the gate insulating layer 18.

[0078] In practice, to standardize the manufacturing process, such as Figures 9-11 As shown, all TFT1 and TFT2 can be N-type transistors; of course, all TFT1 and TFT2 can also be P-type transistors.

[0079] The following explanation uses the example where all TFT1 and TFT2 are N-type transistors to illustrate the working principle of the TN-type liquid crystal grating provided in this embodiment. The timing sequence is as follows: Figure 15 and Figure 16 As shown, GOA1 and GOA2 operate simultaneously. GOA1 is activated row by row from G11 to G1n, and GOA2 is activated row by row from G11' to G1n'. The G lines with the same electrical connection number control the D signals of the same row. Since GOA1 and GOA2 have the same timing, Figure 15 and Figure 16 The timing diagram only illustrates the operation of GOA1, and G1 to Gn represent G11 to G1n, and D1 to Dn represent D11 to D1n.

[0080] If it is a 2D display mode (corresponding to) Figure 15If the timing is incorrect, then all control lines G will be input with low-level signals (i.e., no power), all TFTs will be turned off, and the TN-type liquid crystal grating will be in normal white mode (to save power). This means that neither the first transparent grating electrode layer 4 nor the second transparent grating electrode layer 6 will be loaded with driving signals, the liquid crystal molecules in liquid crystal layer 3 will not be deflected, and the polarization direction of linearly polarized light will rotate 90° after passing through liquid crystal layer 3. The second polarizer 12 can pass through, so the area where the liquid crystal does not deflect corresponds to the light-transmitting area. At this time, the TN type liquid crystal grating is in full transmission mode (the entire liquid crystal grating forms a light-transmitting area) and has the maximum transmittance.

[0081] If it is a 3D display mode (corresponding) Figure 16 (Timing sequence) The gates of TFT1 and TFT2, which are electrically connected to the first sub-strip electrode 411 and the second sub-strip electrode 611 at the grating slit position, are turned off by receiving a low-level signal through the corresponding control line, thus forming a light-transmitting mode, i.e., forming a light-transmitting area; the gates of TFT1 and TFT2, which are electrically connected to the first sub-strip electrode 411 and the second sub-strip electrode 611 at other positions, are turned on by receiving a high-level signal through the corresponding control line, and a driving voltage is applied to the corresponding signal input line D through the first signal lead and the second signal lead. The driving voltage is transmitted to the first sub-strip electrode 411 and the second sub-strip electrode 611 through the turned-on TFT1 and TFT2, thus forming a light-blocking mode, i.e., forming a dark state area; thus, the liquid crystal grating forms alternating light-transmitting areas and dark state areas. Since the first sub-strip electrode 411 and the second sub-strip electrode 611 are periodically controlled by several D lines, an equally spaced slit grating is presented.

[0082] In summary, the liquid crystal grating provided in this embodiment achieves conduction and shutdown by individually charging and discharging each sub-strip electrode using a TFT, and is combined with an eye-tracking module to precisely control the slits and position of the grating. This not only realizes motion parallax caused by the movement of the viewer in 3D display, but also eliminates moiré patterns and crosstalk caused by changes in viewing position.

[0083] Based on the same inventive concept, this disclosure also provides a driving method for driving the aforementioned liquid crystal grating, such as... Figure 17 As shown, the driving method includes: S1701. In 2D display mode, drive the entire liquid crystal grating to form a light-transmitting area; S1702. In 3D display mode, the liquid crystal grating is driven to form alternating light-transmitting areas and dark areas.

[0084] The principle explanation of the driving method provided in the embodiments of this disclosure can be found in the aforementioned explanation of the principle of 2D and 3D display in a liquid crystal grating, which will not be repeated here.

[0085] In specific implementation, in the above-described liquid crystal grating driving method provided in the embodiments of this disclosure, such as... Figure 18 As shown, in 3D display mode, driving the liquid crystal grating to form alternating light-transmitting and dark-state areas can specifically include: S1801. Obtain the current position information of the viewer's left or right eye relative to each light-transmitting area of ​​the liquid crystal grating; S1802. Based on the determined current position information, control the driving transistor at the current position information location to turn off through the corresponding control line to form a light-transmitting area; control the driving transistor at the other positions to turn on, and apply driving voltage to the corresponding signal input line through the first signal lead and the second signal lead. The driving voltage is transmitted to the first strip electrode and the second strip electrode through the turned-on driving transistor to form a dark state area.

[0086] Specifically, in the 3D display mode, the liquid crystal grating is driven to form alternating light-transmitting and dark-state areas. For details on the specific principle of 3D display in a liquid crystal grating described above, please refer to the aforementioned explanation of the principle of 3D display in a liquid crystal grating. It will not be repeated here.

[0087] Based on the same inventive concept, this disclosure also provides a 3D display device, such as... Figure 19 As shown, it includes a display panel 100, the liquid crystal grating 200 provided in this embodiment, and an eye-tracking module (not shown); wherein, The eye-tracking module is used to determine the location of the viewer's eyes; Based on the current position of the viewer's eyes obtained by the eye-tracking module, the liquid crystal grating 200 is controlled to form alternating light-transmitting and dark-state areas, so that the viewer's left eye sees the left-eye image displayed on the display panel 100 through the light-transmitting area of ​​the liquid crystal grating 200, and the right eye sees the right-eye image displayed on the display panel 100 through the light-transmitting area.

[0088] In specific implementation, the 3D display device provided in the embodiments of this disclosure, such as Figure 19 As shown, the display panel 100 can be a liquid crystal display panel, and the liquid crystal grating 200 is disposed on the light-incident side of the liquid crystal display panel (100). The liquid crystal display panel (100) may include a third substrate 30 and a fourth substrate 40 disposed opposite to each other, a liquid crystal layer 50 located between the third substrate 30 and the fourth substrate 40, an array substrate 60 located on the side of the third substrate 30 facing the liquid crystal layer 50, a color filter substrate 70 located on the side of the fourth substrate 40 facing the liquid crystal layer 50, and a sealing adhesive layer 80 located between the third substrate 30 and the fourth substrate 40 and around the liquid crystal display panel; the color filter substrate 70 includes a black matrix 71 and a color filter layer 72 (e.g., red color filter R, green color filter G, and blue color filter B), the black matrix 71 has multiple openings, and the color filter layer 72 is located within the openings of the black matrix 71.

[0089] like Figure 19 As shown, the liquid crystal display panel (100) and the liquid crystal grating 200 are bonded together by an intermediate glass 90, and bonding alignment marks are respectively set on the array substrate 60 and the second substrate 2. The thickness of the glass 90 is the placement height H of the liquid crystal grating 200.

[0090] The 3D display device provided in this embodiment of the present disclosure, by setting the liquid crystal grating 200 on the light-incident side of the liquid crystal display panel (100), when the liquid crystal display panel (100) includes touch electrodes, the liquid crystal grating 200 will not shield the touch electrodes in the liquid crystal display panel (100), thus avoiding the problem of touch failure, thereby improving the touch sensitivity and accuracy of the liquid crystal display panel (100).

[0091] In specific implementations, the display panel provided in this disclosure is not limited to a liquid crystal display panel. For example, the display panel provided in this disclosure can be an OLED display panel, in which case the liquid crystal grating is disposed on the light-emitting side of the OLED display panel.

[0092] In specific implementations, the 3D display device provided in the embodiments of this disclosure may also include other functional film layers well known to those skilled in the art, depending on the type of display panel, which will not be listed here.

[0093] The 3D display device can be any product or component with display function, such as a mobile phone, tablet computer, television, monitor, laptop computer, digital photo frame, or navigator. Since the principle by which this 3D display device solves the problem is similar to that of the aforementioned liquid crystal grating, the implementation of this 3D display device can refer to the embodiments of the liquid crystal grating described above; repeated details will not be elaborated further.

[0094] The liquid crystal grating, its driving method, and the 3D display device provided in this disclosure, when applied to a 3D display device, can drive the liquid crystal grating to form alternating light-transmitting and dark-state areas by applying a driving voltage to a portion of the first strip electrodes in the first transparent grating electrode layer and not applying a driving voltage to a portion of the first strip electrodes. This allows the viewer's left eye to see the left-eye image displayed on the display panel through the light-transmitting area of ​​the liquid crystal grating, and the right eye to see the right-eye image displayed on the display panel through the light-transmitting area, thereby achieving naked-eye 3D display. This disclosure also improves the performance of the liquid crystal grating by dividing at least a portion of the first strip electrodes along a first direction into at least two independently arranged first sub-strip electrodes. This reduces the resistance of each of the first strip electrodes divided into at least two independently arranged first sub-strip electrodes, thereby reducing signal attenuation and delay.

[0095] Although preferred embodiments of the invention have been described, those skilled in the art, upon learning the basic inventive concept, can make other changes and modifications to these embodiments. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including both the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the invention.

[0096] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to the embodiments of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations to the embodiments of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A liquid crystal grating, wherein, include: First substrate; The second substrate is disposed opposite to the first substrate; A liquid crystal layer, wherein the liquid crystal layer is located between the first substrate and the second substrate; A first transparent grating electrode layer is located on the side of the first substrate facing the liquid crystal layer; the first transparent grating electrode layer includes a plurality of spaced first strip electrodes extending along a first direction and arranged along a second direction; wherein... At least a portion of the first strip electrode is divided into at least two independently disposed first sub-strip electrodes along the first direction; It also includes: an insulating layer located on the side of the first transparent grating electrode layer facing the liquid crystal layer, and a second transparent grating electrode layer located on the side of the insulating layer facing the liquid crystal layer; The second transparent grating electrode layer includes a plurality of spaced second strip electrodes extending along the first direction and arranged along the second direction. The orthographic projection of the second strip electrodes on the first substrate covers the orthographic projection of the area between two adjacent first strip electrodes on the first substrate. At least a portion of the second strip electrodes are divided into at least two independently arranged second sub-strip electrodes along the first direction. The liquid crystal grating has a grating region and a peripheral region surrounding the grating region; The grating region includes: a plurality of signal input lines extending along the second direction and arranged along the first direction, and a plurality of driving transistors located between the first substrate and the first transparent grating electrode layer; the driving transistors correspond one-to-one with the first sub-strip electrode and the second sub-strip electrode; The signal input line includes a first signal input line and a second signal input line, and the driving transistor includes a first driving transistor and a second driving transistor. The source of the first driving transistor is electrically connected to the first signal input line, and the drain of the first driving transistor is electrically connected to the first sub-strip electrode. The source of the second driving transistor is electrically connected to the second signal input line, and the drain of the second driving transistor is electrically connected to the second sub-strip electrode. The surrounding area includes multiple first signal leads and multiple second signal leads. The sources of each first driving transistor electrically connected to the same first strip electrode are electrically connected to the same first signal lead through the corresponding first signal input line. The sources of each first driving transistor electrically connected to different first strip electrodes are electrically connected to different first signal leads through the corresponding first signal input line. The sources of each of the second driving transistors electrically connected to the same second strip electrode are electrically connected to the same second signal lead through the corresponding second signal input line, and the sources of each of the second driving transistors electrically connected to different second strip electrodes are electrically connected to different second signal leads through the corresponding second signal input line.

2. The liquid crystal grating according to claim 1, wherein, Each of the first strip electrodes is divided into at least two independently arranged first sub-strip electrodes along the first direction.

3. The liquid crystal grating according to claim 1, wherein, Each of the second strip electrodes is divided into at least two independently arranged second sub-strip electrodes along the first direction.

4. The liquid crystal grating according to claim 3, wherein, The number of second sub-strip electrodes included in each second strip electrode is the same as the number of first sub-strip electrodes included in each first strip electrode.

5. The liquid crystal grating according to claim 3, wherein, The first strip electrode includes first sub-strip electrodes of the same length along the first direction, and the second strip electrode includes second sub-strip electrodes of the same length along the first direction.

6. The liquid crystal grating according to claim 1, wherein, The grating region includes: a plurality of control lines extending along the first direction and arranged along the second direction; The control line is disposed on the same layer as the gate of the driving transistor, and the signal input line is disposed on the same layer as the source and drain of the driving transistor. The gate of the driving transistor is electrically connected to the control line, the source of the driving transistor is electrically connected to the signal input line, and the drain of the driving transistor is electrically connected to the first sub-strip electrode or the second sub-strip electrode.

7. The liquid crystal grating according to claim 6, wherein, The control lines include a first control line and a second control line; wherein... The gate of the first driving transistor is electrically connected to the first control line; The gate of the second driving transistor is electrically connected to the second control line.

8. The liquid crystal grating according to claim 7, wherein, The gates of each of the first driving transistors electrically connected to the same first strip electrode are electrically connected to the same first control line, and at least one first control line is electrically connected to the gate of each of the first driving transistors electrically connected to the first strip electrode.

9. The liquid crystal grating according to claim 8, wherein, The gates of each of the second driving transistors electrically connected to the same second strip electrode are electrically connected to the same second control line, and at least one second control line is electrically connected to the gate of each of the second driving transistors electrically connected to the same second strip electrode.

10. The liquid crystal grating according to claim 7, wherein, The surrounding area includes multiple first signal leads and multiple second signal leads. The sources of each first driving transistor electrically connected to each first sub-strip electrode in the same first strip electrode are electrically connected to the same first signal lead through the corresponding first signal input line. The sources of each first driving transistor electrically connected to different first strip electrodes are electrically connected to different first signal leads through the corresponding first signal input line. The sources of each of the second driving transistors electrically connected to each of the second sub-strip electrodes in the same second strip electrode are electrically connected to the same second signal lead through the corresponding second signal input line. The sources of each of the second driving transistors electrically connected to different second strip electrodes are electrically connected to different second signal leads through the corresponding second signal input line.

11. The liquid crystal grating according to claim 1, wherein, The grating area is divided into at least one region. For each region, each first strip electrode is divided into multiple first groups. The number of first strip electrodes in each first group is the same, and the number of first signal leads is the same as the number of first strip electrodes in each first group. Each second strip electrode is divided into multiple second groups. The number of second strip electrodes in each second group is the same, and the number of second signal leads is the same as the number of second strip electrodes in each second group. Within each of the first groups, the first strip electrodes in the same position are electrically connected to the same first signal lead through the same first signal input line, and the first strip electrodes in different positions are electrically connected to different first signal leads through different first signal input lines; Within each of the second groups, second strip electrodes in the same position are electrically connected to the same second signal lead via the same second signal input line, while second strip electrodes in different positions are electrically connected to different second signal leads via different second signal input lines.

12. The liquid crystal grating according to claim 1, wherein, It also includes a planarization layer located between the driving transistor and the first transparent grating electrode layer. The first driving transistor includes a first gate, a first active layer, a first source, and a first drain stacked together. The first sub-strip electrode is electrically connected to the first drain through a via penetrating the planarization layer. The second driving transistor includes a second gate, a second active layer, a second source, and a second drain stacked together, and the second sub-strip electrode is electrically connected to the second drain through a via penetrating the planarization layer and the insulating layer; The first gate and the second gate are disposed in the same layer, the first active layer and the second active layer are disposed in the same layer, and the first source and the first drain are disposed in the same layer as the second source and the second drain.

13. The liquid crystal grating according to claim 12, wherein, The first signal lead is disposed on the same layer as the first gate, and the second signal lead is disposed on the same layer as the first gate.

14. The liquid crystal grating according to claim 13, wherein, It also includes a gate insulating layer located between the first gate and the first active layer, wherein the first signal lead is electrically connected to the first signal input line through a via penetrating the gate insulating layer, and the second signal lead is electrically connected to the second signal input line through a via penetrating the gate insulating layer.

15. The liquid crystal grating according to claim 1, wherein, It also includes a common electrode layer located on the side of the second substrate facing the liquid crystal layer, the common electrode layer being a planar structure formed over the entire surface.

16. A driving method for driving the liquid crystal grating according to any one of claims 1-15, wherein, The driving method includes: In 2D display mode, the entire liquid crystal grating is driven to form a light-transmitting area; In 3D display mode, the liquid crystal grating is driven to form alternating light-transmitting areas and dark areas.

17. The driving method for a liquid crystal grating according to claim 16, wherein, In 3D display mode, the liquid crystal grating is driven to form alternating light-transmitting and dark-state areas, specifically including: Obtain the current position information of the viewer's left or right eye relative to each light-transmitting area of ​​the liquid crystal grating; Based on the determined current position information, the driving transistor at the current position information location is turned off through the corresponding control line to form the light-transmitting area; the driving transistors at the other locations are turned on, and a driving voltage is applied to the corresponding signal input line through the first signal lead and the second signal lead. The driving voltage is transmitted to the first strip electrode and the second strip electrode through the turned-on driving transistor to form the dark state area.

18. A 3D display device, wherein, Includes a display panel, a liquid crystal grating as described in any one of claims 1-15, and an eye-tracking module; wherein, The human eye tracking module is used to obtain the location of the viewer's eyes; Based on the current position of the viewer's eyes obtained by the eye-tracking module, the liquid crystal grating is controlled to form alternating light-transmitting and dark-state areas, so that the viewer's left eye sees the left-eye image displayed on the display panel through the light-transmitting area of ​​the liquid crystal grating, and the right eye sees the right-eye image displayed on the display panel through the light-transmitting area.

19. The 3D display device according to claim 18, wherein, The display panel is a liquid crystal display panel, and the liquid crystal grating is disposed on the light-incident side of the liquid crystal display panel; Alternatively, the display panel may be an OLED display panel, and the liquid crystal grating may be disposed on the light-emitting side of the OLED display panel.

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