Workpiece welding and coding positioning tool and positioning method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of positioning tool of workpiece welding and code, comprising: frame body, with base, the inside of frame body is horizontally arranged with fixed frame, movable frame is arranged in fixed frame, fixed frame and movable frame are concentric and all are central symmetry structure, multiple sets of movable connectors are arranged between fixed frame and movable frame, for controlling the locking limit and up-down overturning of movable frame;Multiple sets of support assemblies are symmetrically distributed on movable frame with the center of movable frame, and can clamp workpiece;Pneumatic assembly is fixedly arranged on the top of movable frame, and is connected with multiple sets of sliding cylinders through branch pipe, for providing gas driving force for piston, valve mechanism is arranged on branch pipe, valve mechanism has vertical movable switch, for controlling the opening and closing of passage in branch pipe;Control assembly is arranged on the top in the frame body and above pneumatic assembly, for synchronously triggering multiple vertical movable switches.The application can adapt to workpieces of different shapes, with fast clamping speed and high overturning efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of PCBA workpiece processing technology, and more specifically to a positioning fixture and positioning method for workpiece welding and marking. Background Technology

[0002] PCBA (Plain Old Board Assembly) is a process that involves surface mount technology (SMT) on a bare PCB board, followed by through-hole mounting (THT). Both SMT and THT are methods of integrating components onto a PCB, but the main difference is that SMT does not require drilling holes in the PCB, while THT requires inserting component pins into pre-drilled holes. SMT, or Surface Mount Technology, primarily uses a placement machine to mount small components onto the PCB. Its production process includes: PCB positioning, solder paste printing, placement by the placement machine, reflow oven loading, and final inspection. THT, or Through-Hole Technology, involves inserting components onto the circuit board and then soldering them securely. This is used for larger components that are not suitable for surface mount technology. In fact, if used properly, SMT and THT can effectively complement each other. However, choosing THT instead of SMT in PCBA assembly has the following advantages: it can firmly restrain assembled components and is more suitable for large-volume components. Imagine a capacitor with solder leads; these components should be properly soldered onto the surface of the circuit board to effectively fix them. "Legged" components (i.e., leads) such as capacitors and control knobs should be fixed using THT technology. However, when soldering component leads using THT technology, current workpieces require inserting components on the front side of the board and then flipping the board to solder the leads. After flipping, the components are prone to movement, causing lead offset or even displacement, resulting in tilted component soldering positions. Furthermore, due to the wide variety of workpiece sizes and shapes, current fixtures are not secure enough and cannot adapt to different board shapes. The workpiece structure is also relatively brittle and is prone to deformation or even breakage when uneven force is applied at different positions. Moreover, after changing workpiece products, it is necessary to change the fixture corresponding to its shape, resulting in low production efficiency and poor versatility.

[0003] In view of this, it is necessary to improve the positioning fixtures in the existing technology to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to disclose a positioning fixture and method for workpiece welding and marking. It can be adapted to clamp workpieces of different shapes, with fast clamping speed and strong versatility, which helps to improve production efficiency, make operation more user-friendly, avoid component displacement when the PCBA board workpiece drives the component to flip and weld, ensure product quality, reduce the difficulty of flip welding operation, and make it more convenient to use.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a positioning fixture for workpiece welding and marking, comprising:

[0006] The frame has a base at its bottom. A fixed frame is horizontally arranged inside the frame and directly above the base. A movable frame is arranged inside the fixed frame. The fixed frame and the movable frame are centrally symmetrical. Multiple sets of movable connectors are provided between the fixed frame and the movable frame to control the locking limit and vertical flipping of the movable frame.

[0007] Multiple sets of support components are symmetrically distributed in pairs on the movable frame around its center, and are capable of clamping the workpiece. Each set of support components includes:

[0008] The sliding cylinder is fixed to the outside of the movable frame and arranged horizontally in the radial direction;

[0009] A support rod is arranged inside the movable frame, with one end extending radially through the movable frame and forming a sliding fit with the slide cylinder; a piston is provided at one end of the support rod inside the slide cylinder, and a retaining plate is fixed at the other end.

[0010] A pneumatic assembly is fixed to the top of the movable frame and is connected to multiple sets of sliding cylinders via branch pipes. It is used to provide gas driving force to the piston. A valve mechanism is arranged on the branch pipe. The valve mechanism has a vertical movable switch for controlling the opening and closing of the channel inside the branch pipe.

[0011] The control component, located at the top of the frame and above the pneumatic component, is used to synchronously trigger multiple sets of vertical movable switches, thereby opening the channel inside the branch pipe. Multiple sets of clamping plates can apply the same pressure to different positions of the workpiece to accommodate workpieces of different shapes for clamping.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present invention, the control component includes:

[0013] The drive unit is fixed at the top center inside the frame, and has a telescopic part at the bottom that can extend and retract vertically.

[0014] The upper support is fixed at the bottom of the telescopic part and has multiple sets of centrally symmetrical first legs. Each set of first legs has a pressure rod fixedly arranged at the bottom of its outer end along the vertical direction. The pressure rod and the vertical movable part are located in the same vertical direction. The bottom of the pressure rod is fixed with an anti-detachment block.

[0015] The lower support is located directly below the upper support and has multiple sets of centrally symmetrical second legs. A pre-pressure seat is provided in the center of the multiple sets of second legs. The outer end of the second legs has a notch to allow the pressure rod to pass through and form a sliding fit. A pre-tightening spring is sleeved on the pressure rod between the first leg and the second leg.

[0016] The drive unit drives multiple sets of pressure rods to move synchronously vertically, triggering the vertical movement switch to open the channel inside the branch pipe. At the same time, the pre-tension spring provides pre-tension force to the second support leg, so that the pre-pressure seat presses and positions the workpiece clamped in the movable frame.

[0017] As a further improvement of the present invention, the bottom of the movable frame is also provided with a pressure plate, and a foam board extending into the inner side of the movable frame and abutting against the inner wall of the movable frame is fixed in the middle of the pressure plate, which is used to provide positioning for the pins of the components to be welded on the workpiece.

[0018] As a further improvement of the present invention, a support assembly is provided at the top of the base and directly below the fixing frame, the support assembly comprising:

[0019] Two sets of guide shafts are symmetrically arranged vertically on both sides of the top of the base. The bottom of the guide shaft is fitted with a compression spring and the top is fitted with a limiting block.

[0020] A lifting plate is horizontally arranged between the two sets of guide shafts and located directly below the pressure plate. Sliding ears that can slide with the guide shafts are arranged on both sides of the lifting plate, and a top rod is provided on the outer side of the top of the lifting plate.

[0021] A pad is horizontally fixed to the top of the lifting plate, and the projection surface of the pad is located inside the movable frame;

[0022] The step bar is fixed to the bottom and outer side of the lifting plate;

[0023] Magnetic blocks are arranged at the bottom of the pressure plate corresponding to the support rod;

[0024] By pressing the pedal, the compressed spring pushes the lifting plate up along the guide shaft, causing the push rod to lift the flipped pressure plate away from the movable frame, exposing the component pins inserted into the foam board. At the same time, the pad can move into the movable frame and support the component to be welded that has flipped under the workpiece.

[0025] As a further improvement of the present invention, the valve mechanism includes:

[0026] A sliding seat, in the shape of a ring, penetrates the branch pipe vertically. The sliding seat is sealed to the wall of the branch pipe. A first through hole is provided in the center of the sliding seat along the arrangement direction of the branch pipe.

[0027] A vertical movable switch, including:

[0028] The locking rod slides with the sliding seat and has a second through hole in the center that can communicate with the first through hole. The top of the locking rod is provided with a pressure plate, and a movable spring is sleeved on the locking rod between the bottom of the pressure plate and the sliding seat.

[0029] An arc-shaped retaining plate is fixed to the bottom end of the locking rod and can fit against the bottom wall of the branch pipe;

[0030] The driving unit drives the pressure rod to press against the locking rod, causing the locking rod to slide a certain distance in the sliding seat, so that the first through hole and the second through hole are connected, and the channel in the branch pipe is opened.

[0031] When the pressure rod releases the pressure on the locking rod, the locking rod can move vertically upward under the action of the movable spring, causing the first through hole and the second through hole to be misaligned, and the channel inside the branch pipe to be closed.

[0032] As a further improvement of the present invention, the outer wall of the movable frame and the position corresponding to the movable connector are provided with rotating sleeves. The movable connector has four sets, symmetrically arranged in pairs on the front, back, left, and right sides of the fixed frame, including:

[0033] A rotating shaft passes through the fixed frame and rotates in cooperation with the rotating sleeve. The rotating shaft located outside the fixed frame is provided with a knob, and a retaining ring is provided at one end of the rotating shaft near the movable frame.

[0034] A locking spring is sleeved on a pivot between the retaining ring and the inner wall of the fixed frame;

[0035] The compression stroke of the locking spring is greater than the length of the shaft extending into the rotating sleeve, and the shaft and the rotating sleeve are in clearance fit.

[0036] As a further improvement of the present invention, the support components are arranged in four groups, and are respectively arranged between two movable connectors.

[0037] As a further improvement of the present invention, a limiting plate that fills the inner corner of the card plate is fixed on the outer side of the card plate, and the two sets of limiting plates of the two adjacent sets of card plates are staggered vertically.

[0038] As a further improvement of the present invention, the pneumatic assembly includes an air pipe fixed to the top of the movable frame, and an air pump for supplying air to the inside of the air pipe is fixedly connected to the outside of the air pipe.

[0039] This invention also discloses a positioning method for a positioning fixture used for workpiece welding and marking, comprising the following steps:

[0040] S1, place the workpiece in the movable frame, control the drive unit to drive the telescopic part to descend, drive the pre-pressure seat to press against the top of the workpiece, and at the same time drive the pressure rod to press against the vertical movable switch, control the channel in the branch pipe to open, use air pressure to push the piston in the slide cylinder, thereby synchronously driving multiple sets of the support components to provide opposing clamping forces to different positions on the outside of the workpiece, so as to achieve pressing and locking of the workpiece.

[0041] S2, after step S1 is completed and the workpiece is pressed, the control drive unit drives the telescopic part to rise. While the pressure rod disengages from the vertical movable switch, the pre-pressing seat remains in the state of pressing the workpiece under the action of the pre-tightening spring. The vertical movable switch is reset by the movable spring and drives the locking rod to rise, so as to close the internal channel of the branch pipe and keep the inside of the slide cylinder in a high-pressure state.

[0042] S3: Place the large components such as transformers, capacitors, and switch knobs on top of the workpiece, and after passing the pins of the components through the solder pad holes, insert the pins of the components into the foam board on top of the pressure plate to achieve the pre-positioning of the components on the workpiece. By pulling the two sets of opposite movable connectors, the movable frame rotates around the center line of the other two sets of movable connectors, and the movable frame and the pressure plate are flipped up and down to flip the components and the workpiece up and down, with the component pins facing upwards to wait for welding.

[0043] S4. After the flipping is completed in step S3, the manual step bar is stepped on and released. The compression spring in a compressed state pushes the lifting plate to move along the guide shaft, so that the push rod lifts the flipped pressure plate away from the movable frame, exposing the component pins inserted into the foam board. At the same time, the pad can move into the movable frame and support the component to be welded that has been flipped to the bottom of the workpiece.

[0044] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0045] (1) A positioning fixture and positioning method for welding and marking workpieces, which uses a fixed frame, a movable frame, multiple sets of support components, pneumatic components and control components set in the frame to provide driving force to the support components by using the pneumatic components to apply the same pressure to different positions of the workpiece, can be adapted to clamp workpieces of different shapes, has fast clamping speed, strong versatility, and helps to improve production efficiency.

[0046] (2) By using the control components and valve mechanism, the opening and closing state of the vertical movable switch is controlled, so that the pneumatic component can provide air pressure to the slide cylinder and convert it into the clamping driving force of the support rod. At the same time, after the support component presses and locks the workpiece, the bottom telescopic part of the drive unit is reset. The pre-pressure seat maintains the downward pressing state of the workpiece under the tension of the pre-tension spring, which improves the stability of the workpiece. The bottom of the movable frame is equipped with a pressure plate, and a foam board for the component pins to be inserted is set on the top of the pressure plate. Thus, when the workpiece is facing upward for component insertion, the foam board is used to pre-position the pins, avoiding the displacement of components when the PCBA board workpiece drives the components to flip and solder, ensuring product quality, reducing the difficulty of flipping and soldering operations, and making it more convenient to use. After the workpiece is flipped, by stepping on the pedal, the compression spring on the guide shaft pushes the lifting plate to move along the direction of the guide shaft. The top rod on the lifting plate lifts the pressure plate to make it detach. At the same time, the pad provides stable support for the workpiece, so that the pins of the components are exposed, which is convenient for subsequent soldering.

[0047] (3) Multiple sets of movable connectors are set between the movable frame and the fixed frame. By pulling out the symmetrically arranged rotating shafts, another set of symmetrically arranged rotating shafts is used as the rotation center, so as to realize the flexible flipping of the workpiece. According to the arrangement of the movable connectors, the flipping direction of the workpiece can be adjusted, which is convenient for subsequent welding work and the operation is more user-friendly. Attached Figure Description

[0048] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a positioning fixture for workpiece welding and marking according to the present invention.

[0049] Figure 2 This is a front view schematic diagram of a positioning fixture for workpiece welding and marking according to the present invention;

[0050] Figure 3 This is a structural breakdown diagram of a positioning fixture for workpiece welding and marking according to the present invention;

[0051] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the control component in a positioning fixture for workpiece welding and marking according to the present invention.

[0052] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection relationship between the fixed frame, movable frame, movable connector, and support assembly in a positioning fixture for workpiece welding and marking according to the present invention.

[0053] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the middle section structure, which also shows the vertical movable switch;

[0054] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the pressure plate in a positioning fixture for workpiece welding and marking according to the present invention;

[0055] Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a portion of the support components in a positioning fixture for workpiece welding and marking according to the present invention.

[0056] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the locking rod, the arc-shaped retaining plate, the pressure plate, and the movable spring in a positioning fixture for workpiece welding and marking according to the present invention. The second through hole is also shown in the figure.

[0057] In the diagram: 1. Base; 2. Frame; 3. Fixed frame; 30. Movable connector; 301. Rotating shaft; 302. Retaining ring; 303. Locking spring; 304. Knob; 4. Movable frame; 401. Rotating sleeve; 402. Slide cylinder; 403. Piston; 404. Support rod; 405. Clamping plate; 405a. Limiting plate; 5. Pneumatic assembly; 50. Vertical movable switch; 501. Air pipe; 502. Branch pipe; 503. Sliding seat; 504. Locking rod; 504a. Second through hole; 505. Arc-shaped 506. Holding plate; 507. Movable spring; 7. Control assembly; 71. Drive unit; 701. Upper bracket; 702. Pressure rod; 703. Anti-detachment block; 704. Pre-tension spring; 705. Pre-pressure seat; 706. Lower bracket; 8. Pressure plate; 801. Foam board; 802. Magnetic block; 9. Support assembly; 901. Lifting plate; 902. Pad plate; 903. Top rod; 904. Sliding ear; 905. Step rod; 906. Guide shaft; 907. Compression spring; 908. Limit block. Detailed Implementation

[0058] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. However, it should be noted that these embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention. Equivalent changes or substitutions in function, method, or structure made by those skilled in the art based on these embodiments are all within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0059] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other.

[0060] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this application.

[0061] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to mechanical connections or electrical connections; they can refer to direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0062] To facilitate understanding of the present invention, a more complete description will be given below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Preferred embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings. However, the invention can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to provide a thorough and complete understanding of the disclosure of the invention.

[0063] Please refer to Figures 1 to 9 The present invention illustrates a specific embodiment of a positioning fixture and positioning method for workpiece welding and marking.

[0064] A positioning fixture for workpiece welding and marking includes: a frame 2 with a base 1 at its bottom; a fixed frame 3 horizontally arranged inside the frame 2 and directly above the base 1; in this embodiment, the fixed frame 3 is a square structure; a movable frame 4 is arranged inside the fixed frame 3, and the movable frame 4 is a ring structure; the fixed frame 3 and the movable frame 4 are co-centered and both are centrally symmetrical; multiple sets of movable connecting parts 30 are provided between the fixed frame 3 and the movable frame 4 for controlling the locking limit and vertical rotation of the movable frame 4; when the multiple sets of movable connecting parts 30 are used to lock and limit the movable frame 4, the movable frame 4 is arranged horizontally; the outer wall of the movable frame 4 and the corresponding movable frame 4 are also provided. Each position of the movable connector 30 is provided with a rotating sleeve 401. There are four sets of movable connectors 30, which are symmetrically arranged in pairs on the front, back, left and right sides of the fixed frame 3. They include: a rotating shaft 301, which passes through the fixed frame 3 and rotates with the rotating sleeve 401. The rotating shaft 301 located on the outside of the fixed frame 3 is provided with a knob 304. The rotating shaft 301 is provided with a retaining ring 302 at one end near the movable frame 4; a locking spring 303, which is sleeved on the rotating shaft 301 between the retaining ring 302 and the inner wall of the fixed frame 3. The compression stroke of the locking spring 303 is greater than the length of the rotating shaft 301 extending into the rotating sleeve 401, and the rotating shaft 301 and the rotating sleeve 401 are in clearance fit.

[0065] In this embodiment, four sets of support components are arranged, each positioned between two movable connectors 30. They are symmetrically distributed on the movable frame 4 with the center of the frame in pairs, and are capable of clamping the workpiece. Each set of support components includes: a slide cylinder 402, fixed to the outside of the movable frame 4 and arranged horizontally in the radial direction; a support rod 404, arranged inside the movable frame 4, with one end radially moving through the movable frame 4 and forming a sliding fit with the slide cylinder 402; a piston 403 is provided at one end of the support rod 404 inside the slide cylinder 402, and a clamping plate 405 is fixed at the other end; a limiting plate 405a is fixed to the outside of the clamping plate 405 to fill the inner corner of the clamping plate 405, and the two limiting plates 405a of adjacent sets of clamping plates 405 are staggered vertically, thereby ensuring that the PCBA board workpiece inside the multiple sets of clamping plates 405 can be stably supported after flipping.

[0066] The pneumatic assembly 5 is fixed to the top of the movable frame 4 and is connected to multiple sets of sliding cylinders 402 via branch pipes 502. It is used to provide gas driving force for the piston 403. A valve mechanism is arranged on the branch pipe 502. The valve mechanism has a vertical movable switch 50 for controlling the opening and closing of the channel inside the branch pipe 502. The pneumatic assembly 5 includes an air pipe 501 fixed to the top of the movable frame 4. An air pump that supplies air to the inside of the air pipe 501 is fixedly connected to the outside of the air pipe 501.

[0067] The valve mechanism includes: a sliding seat 503, which is annular and extends vertically through a branch pipe 502. The sliding seat 503 is sealed to the wall of the branch pipe 502, and a first through hole is provided in the center of the sliding seat 503 along the arrangement direction of the branch pipe 502; and a vertical movable switch 50, including: a locking rod 504, which slides with the sliding seat 503 and has a second through hole 504a in the center that communicates with the first through hole. A pressure plate 506 is provided on the top of the locking rod 504, and a movable spring 507 is sleeved on the locking rod 504 between the bottom of the pressure plate 506 and the sliding seat 503. The arc-shaped retaining plate 505 is fixed to the bottom end of the locking rod 504 and can fit against the bottom wall of the branch pipe 502. The driving unit 71 drives the pressure rod 702 to press against the locking rod 504, so that the locking rod 504 slides a distance in the sliding seat 503, so that the first through hole and the second through hole 504a are connected, and the channel in the branch pipe 502 is opened. When the pressure rod 702 releases the pressure on the locking rod 504, the locking rod 504 can move vertically upward under the action of the movable spring 507, so that the first through hole and the second through hole 504a are misaligned, and the channel in the branch pipe 502 is closed.

[0068] Control component 7, located at the top of the frame 2 and above the pneumatic component 5, is used to synchronously trigger multiple sets of vertical movable switches 50, opening the channel inside the branch pipe 502. Multiple sets of clamping plates 405 can apply the same pressure to different positions of the workpiece to accommodate workpieces of different shapes. Control component 7 includes: a drive unit 71, fixed at the top center inside the frame 2, with a telescopic part at the bottom for vertical extension; an upper support 701, fixed at the bottom of the telescopic part, and having multiple sets of centrally symmetrical first legs. In this embodiment, there are four sets of first legs arranged in a cross shape. Each set of first legs has a pressure rod 702 fixedly arranged vertically at its outer bottom. The pressure rod 702 and the vertical movable part are located in the same vertical direction, and an anti-detachment block 703 is fixed to the bottom of the pressure rod 702; and a lower support 706, located directly below the upper support 701. The device has multiple sets of centrally symmetrical second legs, with a pre-pressure seat 705 at the center of each set of second legs. The outer ends of the second legs have notches to allow the pressure rods 702 to pass through and form a sliding fit. A pre-tightening spring 704 is fitted on the pressure rods 702 between the first and second legs. The drive unit 71 drives the multiple sets of pressure rods 702 to move synchronously vertically, triggering the vertical movement switch 50 to open the channel inside the branch pipe 502. At the same time, the pre-tightening springs 704 provide pre-tightening force to the second legs, so that the pre-pressure seat 705 presses and positions the workpiece clamped in the movable frame 4.

[0069] The bottom of the movable frame 4 is also provided with a pressure plate 8. A foam board 801 is fixed in the middle of the pressure plate 8, which extends into the inner side of the movable frame 4 and abuts against the inner wall of the movable frame 4, and is used to position the pins of the components to be welded on the workpiece.

[0070] A support assembly 9 is provided at the top of the base 1 and directly below the fixed frame 3. The support assembly 9 includes: two sets of guide shafts 906, symmetrically arranged vertically on both sides of the top of the base 1, with compression springs 907 fitted at the bottom of the guide shafts 906 and limiting blocks 908 at the top; a lifting plate 901, horizontally arranged between the two sets of guide shafts 906 and directly below the pressure plate 8, with sliding ears 904 on both sides of the lifting plate 901 that can slide with the guide shafts 906, and a top rod 903 on the outer side of the top of the lifting plate 901; and a pad 902, horizontally fixed to the lifting plate 901. At the top, the projection surface of the pad 902 is located inside the movable frame 4; the step bar 905 is fixed to the bottom of the lifting plate 901 and is located on the outside; the bottom of the pressure plate 8 is arranged with a magnetic block 802 directly above the support rod 404; by stepping on the step bar 905, the compression spring 907 in a compressed state pushes the lifting plate 901 to move along the direction of the guide shaft 906, so that the push rod 903 lifts the flipped pressure plate 8 away from the movable frame 4, exposing the component pins inserted into the foam board 801, and at the same time the pad 902 can move into the movable frame 4 and support the component to be welded that has been flipped to the bottom of the workpiece.

[0071] This invention also discloses a positioning method for a positioning fixture for workpiece welding and marking, comprising the following steps: S1, placing the workpiece in the movable frame 4, controlling the drive unit 71 to drive the telescopic part to descend, causing the pre-pressure seat 705 to press against the top of the workpiece, and simultaneously driving the pressure rod 702 to press against the vertical movable switch 50, controlling the channel inside the branch pipe 502 to open, using air pressure to push the piston 403 inside the slide cylinder 402, thereby synchronously driving multiple sets of support components to provide opposing clamping forces to different positions on the outside of the workpiece, realizing the clamping and locking of the workpiece; S2, after the clamping of the workpiece is completed in step S1, controlling the drive unit 71 to drive the telescopic part to rise, while the pressure rod 702 disengages from the vertical movable switch 50, the pre-pressure seat 705 remains in the state of clamping the workpiece under the action of the pre-tension spring 704, the vertical movable switch 50 resets through the movable spring 507 to drive the locking rod 504 to rise, so as to close the channel inside the branch pipe 502, keeping the inside of the slide cylinder 402 in a high-pressure state; S3, placing the workpiece in the movable frame 402 to open the channel inside the movable frame 402, thereby keeping the inside of the slide cylinder 402 in a high-pressure state; S3, placing the workpiece in the movable frame 402 to open the channel inside the movable frame 402, controlling the channel inside ...4, placing the work Large components such as transformers, capacitors, and switch knobs (304) are placed on top of the workpiece. After the component leads pass through the solder pad holes, the component leads are inserted into the foam board (801) on top of the pressure plate (8), achieving pre-positioning of the components on the workpiece. By pulling two sets of opposing movable connectors (30), the movable frame (4) rotates around the center line of the other two sets of movable connectors (30), flipping the movable frame (4) and the pressure plate (8) up and down, so that the components and the workpiece are flipped up and down, with the component leads facing upwards for welding. S4, after the flipping is completed in step S3, the pedal (905) is manually stepped on and released. The compressed spring (907) pushes the lifting plate (901) to move along the guide shaft (906), and the magnetic attraction of the magnetic block (802) causes the push rod (903) to lift the flipped pressure plate (8) away from the movable frame (4), exposing the component leads inserted into the foam board (801). At the same time, the pad (902) can move into the movable frame (4) and support the components to be welded that have been flipped to the bottom of the workpiece.

[0072] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A positioning fixture for workpiece welding and marking, characterized in that, include: The frame has a base at its bottom. A fixed frame is horizontally arranged inside the frame and directly above the base. A movable frame is arranged inside the fixed frame. The fixed frame and the movable frame are centrally symmetrical. Multiple sets of movable connectors are provided between the fixed frame and the movable frame to control the locking limit and vertical flipping of the movable frame. Multiple sets of support components are symmetrically distributed in pairs on the movable frame around its center, and are capable of clamping the workpiece. Each set of support components includes: The sliding cylinder is fixed to the outside of the movable frame and arranged horizontally in the radial direction; A support rod is arranged inside the movable frame, with one end extending radially through the movable frame and forming a sliding fit with the slide cylinder; a piston is provided at one end of the support rod inside the slide cylinder, and a retaining plate is fixed at the other end. A pneumatic assembly is fixed to the top of the movable frame and is connected to multiple sets of sliding cylinders via branch pipes. It is used to provide gas driving force to the piston. A valve mechanism is arranged on the branch pipe. The valve mechanism has a vertical movable switch for controlling the opening and closing of the channel inside the branch pipe. The control component, located at the top of the frame and above the pneumatic component, is used to synchronously trigger multiple sets of vertical movable switches, thereby opening the channel inside the branch pipe. Multiple sets of clamping plates can apply the same pressure to different positions of the workpiece to accommodate workpieces of different shapes for clamping. The control component includes: The drive unit is fixed at the top center inside the frame, and has a telescopic part at the bottom that can extend and retract vertically. The upper support is fixed at the bottom of the telescopic part and has multiple sets of centrally symmetrical first legs. Each set of first legs has a pressure rod fixedly arranged at the bottom of its outer end along the vertical direction. The pressure rod and the vertical movable part are located in the same vertical direction. The bottom of the pressure rod is fixed with an anti-detachment block. The lower support is located directly below the upper support and has multiple sets of centrally symmetrical second legs. A pre-pressure seat is provided in the center of the multiple sets of second legs. The outer end of the second legs has a notch to allow the pressure rod to pass through and form a sliding fit. A pre-tightening spring is sleeved on the pressure rod between the first leg and the second leg. The drive unit drives multiple sets of pressure rods to move synchronously vertically, triggering the vertical movement switch to open the channel inside the branch pipe. At the same time, the pre-tension spring provides pre-tension force to the second support leg, so that the pre-pressure seat presses and positions the workpiece clamped in the movable frame.

2. The positioning fixture for workpiece welding and marking according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the movable frame is also provided with a pressure plate, and a foam board is fixed in the middle of the pressure plate, which extends into the inner side of the movable frame and abuts against the inner wall of the movable frame, for positioning the pins of the components to be welded on the workpiece.

3. The positioning fixture for workpiece welding and marking according to claim 2, characterized in that, A support assembly is also provided at the top of the base and directly below the fixing frame, the support assembly including: Two sets of guide shafts are symmetrically arranged vertically on both sides of the top of the base. The bottom of the guide shaft is fitted with a compression spring and the top is fitted with a limiting block. A lifting plate is horizontally arranged between the two sets of guide shafts and located directly below the pressure plate. Sliding ears that can slide with the guide shafts are arranged on both sides of the lifting plate, and a top rod is provided on the outer side of the top of the lifting plate. A pad is horizontally fixed to the top of the lifting plate, and the projection surface of the pad is located inside the movable frame; The step bar is fixed to the bottom and outer side of the lifting plate; A magnetic block is arranged at the bottom of the pressure plate directly above the support rod; By pressing the pedal, the compressed spring pushes the lifting plate up along the guide shaft, causing the push rod to lift the flipped pressure plate away from the movable frame, exposing the component pins inserted into the foam board. At the same time, the pad can move into the movable frame and support the component to be welded that has flipped under the workpiece.

4. The positioning fixture for workpiece welding and marking according to claim 3, characterized in that, The valve mechanism includes: A sliding seat, in the shape of a ring, penetrates the branch pipe vertically. The sliding seat is sealed to the wall of the branch pipe. A first through hole is provided in the center of the sliding seat along the arrangement direction of the branch pipe. A vertical movable switch, including: The locking rod slides with the sliding seat and has a second through hole in the center that can communicate with the first through hole. The top of the locking rod is provided with a pressure plate, and a movable spring is sleeved on the locking rod between the bottom of the pressure plate and the sliding seat. An arc-shaped retaining plate is fixed to the bottom end of the locking rod and can fit against the bottom wall of the branch pipe; The driving unit drives the pressure rod to press against the locking rod, causing the locking rod to slide a certain distance in the sliding seat, so that the first through hole and the second through hole are connected, and the channel in the branch pipe is opened. When the pressure rod releases the pressure on the locking rod, the locking rod can move vertically upward under the action of the movable spring, causing the first through hole and the second through hole to be misaligned, and the channel inside the branch pipe to be closed.

5. The positioning fixture for workpiece welding and marking according to claim 4, characterized in that, Rotating sleeves are provided on the outer wall of the movable frame and at positions corresponding to the movable connectors. The movable connectors are in four sets, symmetrically arranged in pairs on the front, back, left, and right sides of the fixed frame, including: A rotating shaft passes through the fixed frame and rotates in cooperation with the rotating sleeve. The rotating shaft located outside the fixed frame is provided with a knob, and a retaining ring is provided at one end of the rotating shaft near the movable frame. A locking spring is sleeved on a pivot between the retaining ring and the inner wall of the fixed frame; The compression stroke of the locking spring is greater than the length of the shaft extending into the rotating sleeve, and the shaft and the rotating sleeve are in clearance fit.

6. The positioning fixture for workpiece welding and marking according to claim 5, characterized in that, The support components are arranged in four groups, and are respectively arranged between two movable connectors.

7. The positioning fixture for workpiece welding and marking according to claim 6, characterized in that, The card plate is fixed with a limiting plate that fills the inner corner of the card plate, and the two sets of limiting plates of the two adjacent sets of card plates are staggered vertically.

8. The positioning fixture for workpiece welding and marking according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pneumatic assembly includes an air pipe fixed to the top of the movable frame, and an air pump that supplies air to the inside of the air pipe is fixedly connected to the outside of the air pipe.

9. A positioning method based on the positioning fixture for workpiece welding and marking as described in claim 5, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1, place the workpiece in the movable frame, control the drive unit to drive the telescopic part to descend, drive the pre-pressure seat to press against the top of the workpiece, and at the same time drive the pressure rod to press against the vertical movable switch, control the channel in the branch pipe to open, use air pressure to push the piston in the slide cylinder, thereby synchronously driving multiple sets of the support components to provide opposing clamping forces to different positions on the outside of the workpiece, so as to achieve pressing and locking of the workpiece. S2, after step S1 is completed and the workpiece is pressed, the control drive unit drives the telescopic part to rise. While the pressure rod disengages from the vertical movable switch, the pre-pressing seat remains in the state of pressing the workpiece under the action of the pre-tightening spring. The vertical movable switch is reset by the movable spring and drives the locking rod to rise, so as to close the internal channel of the branch pipe and keep the inside of the slide cylinder in a high-pressure state. S3: Place the large components such as transformers, capacitors, and switch knobs on top of the workpiece, and after passing the pins of the components through the solder pad holes, insert the pins of the components into the foam board on top of the pressure plate to achieve the pre-positioning of the components on the workpiece. By pulling the two sets of opposite movable connectors, the movable frame rotates around the center line of the other two sets of movable connectors, and the movable frame and the pressure plate are flipped up and down to flip the components and the workpiece up and down, with the component pins facing upwards to wait for welding. S4. After the flipping is completed in step S3, the manual step bar is stepped on and released. The compression spring in a compressed state pushes the lifting plate to move along the guide shaft, so that the push rod lifts the flipped pressure plate away from the movable frame, exposing the component pins inserted into the foam board. At the same time, the pad can move into the movable frame and support the component to be welded that has been flipped to the bottom of the workpiece.

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