An asymmetric power output method for the power input and output sides of an aluminum electrolytic cell and its busbar configuration structure

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method for asymmetric power output on the incoming and outgoing power sides of an aluminum electrolytic cell and its busbar configuration structure, which relates to the technical field of energy conservation of aluminum electrolytic cells. The method includes an electrolytic cell, with busbars arranged around the electrolytic cell. At least 6 column busbars are arranged along the length direction of the incoming power side of the electrolytic cell. An incoming power side anode main busbar and an outgoing power side anode main busbar are oppositely arranged along the width direction of the upper part of the electrolytic cell. At least 6 of the column busbars are respectively connected to the incoming power side anode main busbar, and the incoming power side anode main busbar is connected to the outgoing power side anode main busbar through a current sharing plate. The present invention adopts an asymmetric power output busbar structure layout on the A and B sides. By reducing the total output current on the A side of the electrolytic cell, the voltage drop of the outgoing power side busbar on the A side of the electrolytic cell and the cathode voltage drop on the A side can be reduced. At the same time, by adjusting the outgoing power side busbar structure on the B side of the electrolytic cell, the voltage drop of the outgoing power side busbar on the B side of the electrolytic cell can be reduced, so that the voltages of the outgoing power side busbars on the A and B sides tend to be balanced, achieving the purpose of reducing the total voltage drop.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of energy saving of aluminum electrolytic cells, and particularly relates to an asymmetric power output method for the power input and output sides of an aluminum electrolytic cell and its busbar configuration structure. Background Art

[0002] The current electrolytic aluminum technology process determines that its production process requires a large amount of electric energy, and the electricity cost has been maintained at about 40% of the total production cost. This has also made the electrolytic aluminum industry in China committed to the development and application of large-scale, intelligent, and efficient electrolytic cells in the past ten years or more. In particular, the implementation of low-voltage energy-saving technologies has significantly optimized the power consumption index. However, in the absence of new technological breakthroughs, especially in the situation where environmental protection policies are becoming increasingly strict and the level of intelligence is constantly improving in the future, it is very difficult to further reduce the power consumption of electrolytic aluminum. For existing electrolytic aluminum enterprises, it is quite difficult to reduce the comprehensive alternating current power consumption of aluminum liquid to 13,300 kW·h / t-Al (excluding desulfurization power consumption) in 2025. This requires the industry to intensify technological research and development and use new technologies to break through the energy-saving barriers. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To solve the above problems, the present invention provides an asymmetric power output method for the power input and output sides of an aluminum electrolytic cell and its busbar configuration structure, which can not only ensure the stability of the magnetohydrodynamics of the electrolytic cell, but also reduce the structural voltage drop of the electrolytic cell by 50 - 100 mV, and at the same time reduce the amount of busbars used in the electrolytic cell, thereby helping electrolytic aluminum enterprises reduce the energy-saving pressure.

[0004] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a busbar configuration structure for asymmetric power output of the power input and output sides of an aluminum electrolytic cell, including an electrolytic cell, with busbars arranged around the electrolytic cell. The busbars include an A-side power output busbar of the aluminum electrolytic cell, a B-side power output busbar of the aluminum electrolytic cell, and two end bypass busbars;

[0005] At least 6 column busbars are arranged along the length direction of the power input side of the electrolytic cell, and a power input side anode main busbar and a power output side anode main busbar are oppositely arranged along the upper width direction of the electrolytic cell. At least 6 of the column busbars are respectively connected to the power input side anode main busbar, and the power input side anode main busbar is connected to the power output side anode main busbar through a current sharing plate;

[0006] An anode group and a cathode group corresponding up and down are arranged in the electrolytic cell. The current on the power input and output side anode main busbars is evenly distributed to each anode group. Cathode steel bars are arranged on both sides along the width direction of the cathode group. One end of the cathode steel bar passes through the electrolytic cell and is connected to the busbar system through a flexible connection; the carbon blocks of the anode group are immersed in the melt area of the electrolytic cell, and the cathode group is located below the melt area.

[0007] According to the busbar configuration structure with asymmetric power output on the incoming and outgoing power sides of the aluminum electrolytic cell provided by the present invention, the molten region includes an electrolyte layer, an aluminum liquid layer is arranged below the electrolyte layer, the carbon blocks of the anode group are immersed in the electrolyte layer, and the cathode group is located below the aluminum liquid layer.

[0008] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for asymmetric power output on the incoming and outgoing power sides of an aluminum electrolytic cell, which applies the busbar configuration structure with asymmetric power output on the incoming and outgoing power sides of the aluminum electrolytic cell. The specific steps are as follows:

[0009] Distribute the series current to each column busbar through a certain distribution ratio. Each column busbar is respectively connected to the anode main busbar on the incoming power side of the upper part of the electrolytic cell, and the busbar current on the incoming power side is transmitted to the anode main busbar on the outgoing power side through the current equalizing plate on the upper part of the electrolytic cell. The current on the incoming and outgoing power side anode main busbars is evenly distributed to each anode group;

[0010] Then, it flows through the molten region in the electrolytic cell to each cathode group. The current of the cathode group is connected to the flexible connection in the busbar system through the cathode steel bar. Through the structural arrangement of the busbar, the outgoing power current of the electrolytic cell is adjusted to be asymmetric between side A and side B. After the above flexible connections pass through the busbars around the electrolytic cell, they are aggregated to the column busbars of the next electrolytic cell.

[0011] According to the method for asymmetric power output on the incoming and outgoing power sides of the aluminum electrolytic cell provided by the present invention, the outgoing power current of the electrolytic cell is adjusted so that the power output on side A accounts for 25% - 40% of the total current, and the power output on side B accounts for 60% - 75% of the total current.

[0012] According to the method for asymmetric power output on the incoming and outgoing power sides of the aluminum electrolytic cell provided by the present invention, several column busbars on the incoming power side of the electrolytic cell adopt a non-uniform current ratio distribution method.

[0013] According to the method for asymmetric power output on the incoming and outgoing power sides of the aluminum electrolytic cell provided by the present invention, the busbars around the electrolytic cell are arranged in a structure with symmetric bypassing at both ends and asymmetric power output on sides A and B.

[0014] According to the method for asymmetric power output on the incoming and outgoing power sides of the aluminum electrolytic cell provided by the present invention, the busbars around the electrolytic cell adopt a compensation scheme with strong compensation at both ends and weak compensation at the bottom.

[0015] According to the method for asymmetric power output on the incoming and outgoing power sides of the aluminum electrolytic cell provided by the present invention, at least 6 of the column busbars, and the column busbars located at both ends of the incoming power side of the electrolytic cell are end column busbars. Move the end column busbars outward to strengthen the compensation for the bypassing busbars at both ends.

[0016] According to the method for asymmetric power output on the incoming and outgoing power sides of the aluminum electrolytic cell provided by the present invention, by reducing the total output current of the outgoing power busbar on side A of the electrolytic cell, the voltage drop of the outgoing power busbar on side A and the cathode voltage drop on side A of the electrolytic cell can be reduced.

[0017] According to the method for asymmetric power output on the power input and output sides of an aluminum electrolysis cell provided by the present invention, the horizontal bypass length of the power output busbar on the B side of the aluminum electrolysis cell is reduced, and at the same time, the number of vertical folding layers of the power output busbar on the B side of the aluminum electrolysis cell is reduced, the voltage drop of the power output busbar on the B side of the aluminum electrolysis cell is reduced, and the power output busbars on the A side and the B side of the aluminum electrolysis cell tend to be balanced.

[0018] Compared with the original electrolysis cell technology, the present invention adopts an asymmetric power output busbar structure layout on the A and B sides, where the power output on the A side is less, accounting for about 25% - 40% of the total current, and the power output on the B side is more, accounting for 60% - 75% of the total current. Therefore, by reducing the total output current on the A side of the electrolysis cell, the voltage drop of the power output busbar on the A side and the cathode voltage drop on the A side of the electrolysis cell can be reduced; at the same time, by adjusting the power output busbar structure on the B side of the electrolysis cell, that is, the configuration structure of the power output busbar on the B side in the original electrolysis cell technology is vertical folding and horizontal bypassing, in the present invention, the horizontal bypass length on the B side of the electrolysis cell is reduced, and at the same time, the number of vertical folding layers of the power output busbar on the B side is reduced, thereby reducing the voltage drop of the power output busbar on the B side of the electrolysis cell, making the voltages of the power output busbars on the A and B sides tend to be balanced, and achieving the purpose of reducing the total voltage drop.

[0019] The method for asymmetric power output on the power input and output sides of an aluminum electrolysis cell described in the present invention is realized on the basis of the technical solution of optimizing the high-conductivity cathode rod and cathode structure, that is, by upgrading the material of the cathode steel rod to increase the conductivity of the cathode steel rod, and at the same time matching a new type of cathode structure, so that under the technical solution of optimizing the high-conductivity cathode rod and cathode structure, the horizontal current of the electrolysis cell is significantly reduced, that is, the horizontal current of the aluminum electrolysis cell is reduced by more than 60%, increasing the magnetohydrodynamic stability range of the electrolysis cell and providing a greater space for the energy saving of the electrolysis cell. Therefore, the development and successful application of the technical solution of optimizing the high-conductivity cathode rod and cathode structure create conditions for the development of the technical solution of asymmetric power output on the power input and output sides of the aluminum electrolysis cell.

[0020] The characteristics of the present invention are as follows: Through the asymmetric power output busbar structure layout on the A and B sides, combined with the layout form of reducing the bypass busbar on the B side of the electrolysis cell, the structural voltage drop of the electrolysis cell can be reduced by 50 - 100 mV. Combined with the successful application of the technical solution of optimizing the high-conductivity cathode rod and cathode structure, the direct current power consumption of the aluminum liquid in the electrolysis cell can be reduced to below 12000 kW·h / t-Al, providing strong technical support for the electrolytic aluminum enterprise to achieve the energy efficiency benchmark level and baseline level in key industrial fields. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0021] Figure 1 is the traditional busbar configuration scheme;

[0022] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the busbar configuration structure for asymmetric power output on the power input and output sides of an aluminum electrolysis cell provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3Cross-sectional view of a busbar configuration structure with asymmetric power output on the incoming and outgoing power sides of an aluminum electrolysis cell provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Reference numerals in the accompanying drawings of the specification include:

[0025] 1 - A-side power output busbar of the aluminum electrolysis cell, 2 - B-side power output busbar of the aluminum electrolysis cell, 3 - End column busbar, 4 - Column busbar, 5 - Electrolysis cell, 6 - Anode main busbar on the incoming power side, 7 - Anode main busbar on the outgoing power side, 8 - Current sharing plate, 9 - Anode group, 10 - Electrolyte layer, 11 - Aluminum liquid layer, 12 - Cathode group, 13 - Cathode steel bar, 14 - Soft connection of the busbar system. Detailed implementation manners

[0026] In order to better understand the purpose, structure and function of the present invention, the method for asymmetric power output on the incoming and outgoing power sides of the aluminum electrolysis cell of the present invention and its busbar configuration structure will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings;

[0027] Please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 , an embodiment of the present invention provides a busbar configuration structure with asymmetric power output on the incoming and outgoing power sides of an aluminum electrolysis cell, including an electrolysis cell 5, with busbars arranged around the electrolysis cell 5, and the busbars include an A-side power output busbar 1 of the aluminum electrolysis cell, a B-side power output busbar 2 of the aluminum electrolysis cell and two end bypass busbars;

[0028] At least 6 column busbars 4 are arranged along the length direction of the incoming power side of the electrolysis cell 5, an anode main busbar 6 on the incoming power side and an anode main busbar 7 on the outgoing power side are oppositely arranged along the upper width direction of the electrolysis cell 5, and at least 6 of the column busbars 4 are respectively connected to the anode main busbar 6 on the incoming power side, and the anode main busbar 6 on the incoming power side is connected to the anode main busbar 7 on the outgoing power side through a current sharing plate 8;

[0029] An anode group 9 and a cathode group 12 corresponding up and down are arranged in the electrolysis cell 5. The current on the anode main busbars on the incoming and outgoing power sides is evenly distributed to each anode group 9. Cathode steel bars 13 are arranged on both sides along the width direction of the cathode group 12, and one end of the cathode steel bar 13 passes through the electrolysis cell 5 and is connected to a soft connection 14 of the busbar system; The carbon blocks of the anode group 9 are immersed in the melt area in the electrolysis cell, and the cathode group 12 is located below the melt area.

[0030] Please continue to refer to Figure 2 , the melt area includes an electrolyte layer 10, an aluminum liquid layer 11 is arranged below the electrolyte layer 10, the carbon blocks of the anode group 9 are immersed in the electrolyte layer 10, and the cathode group 12 is located below the aluminum liquid layer 11.

[0031] The embodiment of the present invention also provides a method for asymmetric power output on the power input and output sides of an aluminum electrolytic cell. Using the busbar configuration structure for asymmetric power output on the power input and output sides of the above aluminum electrolytic cell, the specific steps are as follows:

[0032] Distribute the series current to each column busbar 4 through a certain distribution ratio. Each column busbar 4 is respectively connected to the anode main busbar 6 on the upper power input side of the electrolytic cell 5, and the busbar current on the power input side is transmitted to the anode main busbar 7 on the power output side through the current equalizing plate 8 on the upper part of the electrolytic cell 5. The current on the anode main busbars on the power input and output sides is evenly distributed to each anode group 9;

[0033] Then, it flows through the melt area in the electrolytic cell 5 to each cathode group 12. The current of the cathode group 12 is connected to the busbar system through a flexible connection with the cathode steel bar 13. Through the structural arrangement of the busbars, the power output current of the electrolytic cell 5 is adjusted to be asymmetric between side A and side B. After the above flexible connections pass through the busbars around the electrolytic cell, they are aggregated to the column busbars of the next-stage electrolytic cell.

[0034] To achieve the asymmetry of power output between side A and side B, the power output current of the electrolytic cell is adjusted so that the power output on side A accounts for 25% - 40% of the total current, and the power output on side B accounts for 60% - 75% of the total current.

[0035] Several column busbars on the power input side of the electrolytic cell adopt a non-uniform current ratio distribution method.

[0036] The busbars around the electrolytic cell are arranged in a structure with symmetric bypassing at both ends and asymmetric power output on sides A and B.

[0037] Through the above busbar structure, a compensation scheme of strong compensation at both ends and weak compensation at the bottom of the electrolytic cell busbars can be realized, that is, a configuration scheme with large current in the bypassing busbars on both sides and small current in the bottom busbars.

[0038] To meet the requirements of the magnetohydrodynamic stability of the electrolytic cell, at least 6 of the column busbars, and the column busbars at both ends of the power input side of the electrolytic cell are end column busbars. Move the end column busbars outward to strengthen the compensation for the bypassing busbars at both ends.

[0039] By reducing the total output current of the power output busbar on side A of the electrolytic cell, the voltage drop of the power output busbar on side A and the cathode voltage drop on side A of the electrolytic cell can be reduced. At the same time, by adjusting the structure of the power output busbar on side B of the electrolytic cell, that is, the configuration structure of the power output busbar on side B in the original electrolytic cell technology is vertical folding and horizontal bypassing, refer to Figure 1 The traditional busbar configuration scheme is adjusted to: reduce the horizontal bypassing length of the power output busbar on side B of the aluminum electrolytic cell, and at the same time reduce the number of vertical folding layers of the power output busbar on side B of the aluminum electrolytic cell, reduce the voltage drop of the power output busbar on side B of the aluminum electrolytic cell, and make the power output busbar on side A and the power output busbar on side B of the aluminum electrolytic cell tend to be balanced, so as to achieve the purpose of reducing the total voltage drop.

[0040] The above are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Any equivalent changes made by those of ordinary skill in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention by reading the specification of the present invention are covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for asymmetric power output on the inlet and outlet sides of an aluminum electrolytic cell. Features: The specific steps are as follows: The series current is distributed to each column busbar in a certain distribution ratio. Each column busbar is connected to the anode busbar on the upper power-inlet side of the electrolytic cell, and the current of the busbar on the power-inlet side is transferred to the anode busbar on the power-outlet side through the current-equalizing plate on the upper part of the electrolytic cell. The current on the anode busbar on the power-inlet and power-outlet sides is evenly distributed to each anode group; Then it flows through the melt area in the electrolytic cell to each cathode group. The current of the cathode group is connected to the soft connection in the busbar system through the cathode steel rod. Through the structural arrangement of the busbar, the current of the electrolytic cell is adjusted to be asymmetric between the A side and the B side. After the above soft connections pass through the busbars around the electrolytic cell, they are collected on the column busbar of the lower electrolytic cell. The electrolytic cell output current is adjusted so that the output from side A accounts for 25% to 40% of the total current, and the output from side B accounts for 60% to 75% of the total current; The plurality of column busbars on the power inlet side of the electrolytic cell are in a non-uniform current proportional distribution mode; The busbar around the electrolytic cell is arranged in a symmetrical winding manner at both ends and an asymmetrical power output structure at the A and B sides; At least 6 of the column busbars, of which the column busbars located at both ends of the power inlet side of the electrolytic cell are end column busbars, and the end column busbars are moved outward to strengthen the compensation for the bypass busbars at both ends; By reducing the total output current of the power busbar on the A side of the electrolytic cell, the voltage drop of the power busbar on the A side of the electrolytic cell and the cathode voltage drop on the A side can be reduced; Reduce the horizontal detour length of the busbar on the B side of the aluminum reduction cell, and reduce the number of vertical folding layers of the busbar on the B side of the aluminum reduction cell, so as to reduce the voltage drop of the busbar on the B side of the aluminum reduction cell, and make the busbar on the A side of the aluminum reduction cell and the busbar on the B side of the aluminum reduction cell tend to be balanced; The busbar configuration structure includes an electrolytic cell, busbars are arranged around the electrolytic cell, and the busbars include an aluminum electrolytic cell A side power output busbar, an aluminum electrolytic cell B side power output busbar, and bypass busbars at both ends; At least 6 column busbars are arranged along the length direction of the power inlet side of the electrolytic cell, and a large anode busbar on the power inlet side and a large anode busbar on the power outlet side are arranged oppositely along the width direction of the upper part of the electrolytic cell. At least 6 column busbars are respectively connected to the large anode busbar on the power inlet side, and the large anode busbar on the power inlet side is connected to the large anode busbar on the power outlet side through a current equalizing plate; The electrolytic cell is provided with an anode group and a cathode group corresponding to each other, and the current on the anode busbars at the inlet and outlet sides is evenly distributed to each anode group. Cathode steel bars are provided on both sides along the width direction of the cathode group, and one end of the cathode steel bar passes through the electrolytic cell and is softly connected to the busbar system; the carbon block of the anode group is immersed in the melt area in the electrolytic cell, and the cathode group is located below the melt area; The melt region comprises an electrolyte layer, an aluminum-water layer is arranged below the electrolyte layer, the carbon blocks of the anode group are immersed in the electrolyte layer, and the cathode group is located below the aluminum-water layer.

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