Spinning method and device for vortex spinning thick yarn

Abstract

The present invention provides a spinning method and device for vortex spinning of thick yarns. By designing a fiber sliver thickness equalizing yarn guide in the back zone, a sliver bunching device in the middle zone, a roller-type elastic top apron, and a rear-end curved surface stepped bottom apron, and cooperating with corresponding spinning processes, vortex spinning machines can be used to spin thick yarns. It is not necessary to modify the drive system of the drafting device of the existing vortex spinning machine. Only a fiber sliver thickness equalizing yarn guide in the back zone and a sliver bunching device in the middle zone need to be installed, and a roller-type elastic top apron and a rear-end curved surface stepped bottom apron are adopted in the apron elastic nip mechanism. The device of the present invention has a relatively simple structure, is convenient to retrofit on the original vortex spinning machine, has stable operation, is convenient for maintenance, and is easy to popularize, etc., providing an effective method for efficiently spinning vortex-spun thick yarns.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of air-jet vortex spinning, and relates to a spinning method and device for thick count yarns in air-jet vortex spinning. Background Art

[0002] Since the first Murata air-jet vortex spinning machine was first exhibited by Murata of Japan in 1997, air-jet vortex spinning has been in practical use for 25 years. Initially, the raw materials of air-jet vortex spun yarns were mainly cotton fibers, the spinning speed was about 300 m / min, and most of the products were medium count yarns (22~31 tex). After several generations of technological innovation and process improvement, on the one hand, the range of fiber raw materials suitable for air-jet vortex spun products has been continuously broadened, and a large number of chemical fibers such as polyester and viscose have been put into production, making the varieties of air-jet vortex spun yarns increasingly rich; on the other hand, the spinning speed of air-jet vortex spinning has also been greatly improved, generally about 450 m / min, and the fastest can reach 550 m / min.

[0003] The fineness of air-jet vortex spun yarns is not limited to the production of medium count yarns, and is developing in both directions of fine count yarns (less than 22 tex) and thick count yarns (more than 31 tex). Thick count yarns are mainly used in industrial textiles, and have relatively low requirements for raw materials, with a wide range of raw material selection. Combining the advantages of air-jet vortex spinning such as fast spinning speed, small floor area, less labor, and good comprehensive yarn properties, the proportion of air-jet vortex spun yarns in the field of thick count yarns is gradually increasing. However, at present, there are still many problems in spinning air-jet vortex spun thick count yarns: compared with medium count yarns in air-jet vortex spinning, the breaking strength of air-jet vortex spun thick count yarns is still insufficient. In addition, problems such as high yarn breakage rate, uneven single yarn strength, and uneven evenness caused by wrapped weak rings will occur. The main reason for this series of problems is that the weight per unit length of air-jet vortex spun thick count yarns is large, while the weight per unit length of the fed sliver is limited by the space and draft load of the drafting zone of the vortex spinning machine, and the weight per unit length of the fed sliver cannot be increased correspondingly. Because, increasing the weight per unit length of the fed sliver will increase the thickness of the fiber sliver in the drafting zone, and the increase in the thickness of the fiber sliver in the drafting zone is not conducive to the direct action of the roller nip on the fibers. The too thick fiber sliver will show a layering phenomenon during the drafting process, and the fiber acceleration points are unstable. Therefore, the weight per unit length of the fed sliver cannot be increased significantly. In addition, the significant reduction of the draft multiple makes the number of instantaneously accelerating fibers in the fiber sliver in the drafting zone increase, the proportion of fast fibers in the sliver increases, and the draft force increases. This leads to an increase in the number of broken fibers during the drafting process. At the same time, the arrangement step length between the output fibers decreases, the requirement for drafting accuracy increases, and the fiber sliver cannot achieve an ideal drafting effect, and thus high-quality vortex spun thick count yarns cannot be spun. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a spinning device for spinning vortex-spun thick and coarse yarns, as well as a spinning method, in particular to a spinning device with a rear-zone fiber strip thickness equalizing yarn guide and a double apron elastic nip of a special structure. The present invention realizes the high-quality spinning of vortex-spun thick and coarse yarns (58.7 tex to 83.8 tex) by designing a rear-zone fiber strip thickness equalizing yarn guide, a middle-zone sliver gathering device, a roller-type elastic top apron, and a rear-end curved surface stepped bottom apron with a special structure, and reasonably configuring spinning process parameters.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A spinning device for vortex-spun thick and coarse yarns, comprising a rocker, a trumpet, a rear roller, a rear top roller, a rear-zone fiber strip transverse thickness equalizing yarn guide, a middle two-roller, a middle two-top roller, a middle-zone sliver gathering device, a middle one-bottom roller, a middle one-top roller, a bottom apron, a top apron, a rear-end curved surface stepped bottom apron, a roller-type elastic top apron, a front top roller, a front roller, a nozzle, and a spinning cup;

[0007] As Figure 1 shown, the rocker is a support body of the vortex-spun drafting mechanism. During the spinning process, a nearly circular fiber strip is fed into the trumpet, enters the holding nip formed by the rear roller and the rear top roller, is flattened and output in a shape with a thick middle and thin sides. Then, through the equalizing action of the rear-zone fiber strip transverse thickness equalizing yarn guide, the transverse thickness uniformity of the fiber strip entering the nip formed by the middle two-roller and the middle two-top roller is improved, reducing the problem of inconsistent fiber speed change caused by the layered movement of the fiber strip during the initial drafting in the rear zone. Then, it is output from the nip of the middle two-roller and the middle two-top roller and enters the middle zone. The middle-zone sliver gathering device 7 gathers the transverse width of the fiber strip to control the excessive transverse diffusion of the fiber strip after drafting. Then, the fiber strip enters the nip formed by the middle one-bottom roller and the middle one-top roller, and then enters the elastic holding area formed by the bottom apron and the top apron. At the same time, a rear-end curved surface stepped bottom apron is sleeved at the front end of the bottom apron, and a roller-type elastic top apron is sleeved at the front end of the top apron. The roller of the roller-type elastic top apron is located on the rear-end curved surface stepped bottom apron 10, specifically above the bottom apron supporting plane adjacent to the rear-end curved surface step. In this way, the rear-end curved surface step and the roller form a curved path, which has a certain holding effect on the fiber strip. This holding effect adapts to the quantitative fluctuation of the fiber strip through a spring, and the roller keeps the stable operation of the top apron and the bottom apron. The fiber strip output from the top apron and the bottom apron enters the front nip formed by the front roller and the front top roller. The fiber strip is highly drafted in the front zone and output, and enters the spinning cup from the nozzle to spin into yarn.

[0008] The middle lower roller, middle upper apron roller, lower apron, upper apron, rear-end curved step-shaped lower pin and roller-type elastic upper pin form an apron elastic nip. According to the characteristics of the fiber strip and the requirements of process configuration during the spinning of thick yarns on vortex spinning machines, the roller-type elastic upper pin and the rear-end curved step-shaped lower pin are designed in the present invention.

[0009] The described roller-type elastic upper pin includes an upper pin body, a roller, a roller shaft, a roller shaft fixing vertical rod, a spring, and a fixing sleeve integrated with the upper pin body. There are fixing holes on the upper pin body.

[0010] The described roller-type elastic upper pin has a symmetric structure about the center line. Taking the left half as an example, the upper pin body has an L-shaped structure, and the right side of the upper pin body is an inclined flat plate structure; a fixing sleeve integrated with the upper pin body is provided on the inclined flat plate structure; the roller shaft is installed at the center of the roller, and a roller shaft fixing vertical rod and a spring sleeved on the roller shaft are placed inside the fixing sleeve.

[0011] The described rear-end curved step-shaped lower pin includes a rear-end curved step, a lower pin supporting plane, and a front arc surface.

[0012] The described rear-end curved step-shaped lower pin is in the shape of an inclined T. The plane of the rear-end curved step-shaped lower pin is the lower pin supporting plane. A rear-end curved step is provided on one side of the lower pin supporting plane, and a front arc surface is provided on the other side.

[0013] A rear-end curved step-shaped lower pin is sleeved at the front end of the lower apron, and a roller-type elastic upper pin is sleeved at the front end of the upper apron. The roller of the roller-type elastic upper pin is located on the rear-end curved step-shaped lower pin. The specific position is above the lower pin supporting plane adjacent to the rear-end curved step. In this way, a curved path is formed between the rear-end curved step and the roller, which has a certain holding effect on the fiber strip. This holding effect adapts to the quantitative fluctuation of the fiber strip through the spring, and the roller keeps the upper apron and the lower apron running stably.

[0014] The lateral thickness equalizing yarn guide for the fiber strip in the rear zone is as Figure 7 shown, and includes an inlet section, an outlet section, a side elevation of the yarn guide channel, a straight inlet edge, and a curved middle line;

[0015] The top view of the yarn guide channel of the described lateral thickness equalizing yarn guide for the fiber strip in the rear zone has a structure with a large inlet and a small outlet. The bottom end of the channel is divided into two parts. The curved surface of the inlet section has a straight inlet edge at the front end and a convex curved edge at the rear end, that is, the intersection of the inlet section and the outlet section is the curved middle line. The surface of the inlet section is a curved surface structure composed of the straight inlet edge and the convex curved middle line; the front end of the outlet section is the curved middle line, and the rear end is the curved outlet edge. The front and rear ends of the curved surface of the outlet section are both convex curved edges, and the surface of the outlet section is a curved surface structure formed between two convex curves.

[0016] Since the structure of the fed sliver is approximately circular or elliptical, the thickness of the middle fiber layer is larger after it enters the roller nip, while the thickness of the fiber layers on both sides of the edge is smaller. The function of the sliver lateral thickness equalizing yarn guide in the back zone of the present invention is to equalize the lateral thickness of the sliver output from the back roller nip, so that the lateral thickness of the sliver entering the middle second roller nip is relatively uniform. During the drafting process in the back zone, the sliver is less affected by the drafting stratification phenomenon caused by the thicker middle fiber layer. This fiber layer drafting stratification phenomenon will cause some fibers not to be drafted according to the set drafting ratio, and some fibers not to be fully drafted, thus resulting in uneven drafting and affecting the yarn evenness quality. At the same time, the uneven lateral thickness of the sliver will also cause differences in the jaw holding force, resulting in differences in the range and magnitude of the friction boundary formed by the fiber holding and friction, and making the floating fiber acceleration points in different regions inconsistent, affecting the drafting evenness of the sliver. The working principle of the sliver lateral thickness equalizing yarn guide in the back zone mainly relies on the dispersion effect of the bottom curved surface on the lateral fiber quantity in the sliver. The process of this dispersion effect is that the sliver enters the yarn guide along the straight part of the inlet section, passes through the middle convex curve along the curved surface, and the length of the convex curve is greater than the length of the straight line. The sliver is laterally dispersed on this curved surface. At the same time, the convex curve structure also helps the fibers in the middle part of the sliver to disperse to both sides. The dispersed sliver passes through the yarn guide along the outlet section, and both the front and rear ends of the outlet section are convex curves, whose function is to keep the fiber layer stable on the curved surface of the outlet section, and without the fiber layer being suspended while passing smoothly. While the bottom surface of the yarn guide is acting, combined with the lateral structure with a wider back and a smaller front to gather the edge fibers and increase the thickness of both sides of the sliver, further improving the overall lateral thickness uniformity of the sliver, enhancing the drafting effect of the sliver, and improving the yarn forming quality.

[0017] The middle zone sliver bundler is as Figure 8 shown, including the side surface and the bottom surface of the middle zone sliver bundler; the bottom surface of the middle zone sliver bundler is a plane, and the yarn guiding channel is an agglomerating structure with a wide inlet and a narrow outlet, and the structures of the side surfaces of the middle zone sliver bundlers on both sides are curved surface transitions to achieve the lateral agglomeration of the sliver and prevent the lateral width of the sliver from spreading excessively after drafting in the middle zone.

[0018] The apron elastic jaw is as Figure 4As shown, it is composed of a middle lower roller, a middle upper apron roller, a lower apron, an upper apron, a rear-end curved surface stepped bottom pin and a roller-type elastic top pin. According to the fiber strip characteristics and process configuration requirements during the spinning of vortex-spun coarse count yarn, the present invention designs a roller-type elastic top pin and a rear-end curved surface stepped bottom pin. The roller-type elastic top pin is characterized by including a top pin body, rollers, roller shafts, fixed vertical rods for roller shafts, springs and a fixed sleeve integrated with the top pin body, and there are fixed holes on the top pin body. The rear-end curved surface stepped bottom pin is characterized in that its cross-sectional shape is a rear-end curved surface step, a bottom pin supporting plane and a front arc surface. When spinning vortex-spun coarse count yarn, the yarn count is large, and the draft multiple is significantly reduced, from more than 200 times to 50 - 80 times, and obvious changes also occur in the draft of each zone. Generally, the draft configuration range of the vortex spinning process is usually 30 - 40 times for the main zone draft, 2 - 3 times for the middle zone draft, and 2.5 - 3.5 for the rear zone draft. When spinning vortex-spun coarse count yarn, the draft process configuration range becomes 20 - 25 times for the main zone draft, about 1.5 times for the middle zone, and about 2 times for the rear zone. This change places new requirements on the draft ability of the draft mechanism for the fiber sliver, especially the significant reduction in the draft multiple of the main zone. Since the draft multiples of the middle and rear zones are also reduced, the sliver quantitative fed into the main zone increases significantly, and the smaller draft multiple in the main zone increases the draft load in the main zone, and the amount of fibers that need to change speed per unit time increases. The increase in the amount of fibers increases the fiber-to-fiber cohesion force, deteriorates the fiber draft uniformity, and increases the number of broken fibers during drafting, affecting the final yarn quality. Enlarging the draft roller gauge can reduce the fiber-to-fiber cohesion force and thus reduce the draft force, but reducing the roller gauge will disperse the fiber speed change points and deteriorate the yarn evenness. To solve this problem, the present invention designs a roller-type elastic top pin and a rear-end curved surface stepped bottom pin. The installation positions of these two components at the elastic nip are as Figure 4 shown. The rollers of the roller-type elastic top pin are located at the plane near the curved surface step of the rear-end curved surface stepped bottom pin, making the running path of the fiber sliver a curve. When the roller gauge is appropriately increased, adding an elastic holding effect on the fiber sliver here can well control the position of the speed change point of the fiber sliver during drafting, effectively improving the concentration degree of the fiber speed change point distribution, and ensuring the uniformity of the fiber sliver draft while reducing the draft load. At the same time, under the action of the spring device, the position of the roller can change with the change of the sliver quantitative, and it always maintains a small pressure fluctuation under the action of the spring. And the roller itself has the ability to rotate passively. During the running process of the apron, the roller can rotate with the movement of the apron, ensuring the stable running of the apron and the fiber sliver.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0020] 1. The present invention can significantly improve the draft uniformity of the fiber sliver during the spinning of vortex-spun coarse count yarn, and effectively improve the yarn quality of vortex-spun coarse count yarn.

[0021] 2. The present invention only needs to make limited modifications to the drafting mechanism of the vortex spinning machine to meet the drafting process requirements for spinning thick vortex yarns, and has good economic benefits. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the drafting section;

[0023] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the lower drafting surface;

[0024] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the upper drafting surface;

[0025] Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the apron elastic nipping jaws;

[0026] Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the roller-type elastic top pin;

[0027] Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the rear-end curved surface stepped bottom pin;

[0028] Figure 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the yarn guide for evenness of the lateral thickness of the fiber strip in the rear zone;

[0029] Figure 8 is a schematic structural diagram of the sliver buncher in the middle zone.

[0030] In the figures, 1 is the cradle; 2 is the fiber strip; 3 is the flaring trumpet; 4 is the back roller; 5 is the yarn guide for evenness of the lateral thickness of the fiber strip in the rear zone; 6 is the middle second roller; 7 is the sliver buncher in the middle zone; 8 is the middle first bottom roller; 9 is the lower apron; 10 is the rear-end curved surface stepped bottom pin; 11 is the front roller; 12 is the nozzle; 13 is the spinning cup; 14 is the front top apron roller; 15 is the roller-type elastic top pin; 16 is the upper apron; 17 is the middle first top apron roller; 18 is the middle second top apron roller; 19 is the back top apron roller; 101 is the rear-end curved surface step; 102 is the front-end arc surface; 103 is the bottom pin supporting plane; 151 is the top pin main body; 152 is the roller; 153 is the roller shaft; 154 is the vertical rod for fixing the roller shaft; 155 is the spring; 156 is the fixing sleeve; 157 is the fixing hole; 51 is the inlet section of the yarn guide channel; 52 is the outlet section; 53 is the side elevation of the yarn guide channel; 54 is the straight inlet edge; 55 is the curved middle line; 56 is the curved outlet edge; 71 is the side surface of the sliver buncher in the middle zone; 72 is the bottom surface of the sliver buncher in the middle zone. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0031] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0032] Embodiment 1:

[0033] A spinning device for vortex spinning of thick yarns, comprising a cradle 1, a trumpet 3, a back roller 4, a back top roller 19, a back zone fiber strip transverse thickness equalizing yarn guide 5, a middle two-roller 6, a middle two top rollers 18, a middle zone sliver buncher 7, a middle one bottom roller 8, a middle one top roller 17, a bottom apron 9, a top apron 16, a rear end curved surface stepped bottom pin 10, a roller type elastic top pin 15, a front top roller 14, a front roller 11, a nozzle 12, and a spinning cup 13;

[0034] As Figure 1 Shown in the figure, the cradle 1 is a support body of the vortex spinning drafting mechanism. During the spinning process, a nearly circular fiber strip 2 is fed into the trumpet 3 and enters the holding nip formed by the back roller 4 and the back top roller 19, and is flattened and output in a shape with a thick middle and thin sides. Then, through the equalizing effect of the back zone fiber strip transverse thickness equalizing yarn guide 5, the transverse thickness uniformity of the fiber strip 2 entering the nip formed by the middle two-roller 6 and the middle two top rollers 18 is improved, reducing the problem of inconsistent fiber speed change caused by the layered movement of the fiber strip during the initial drafting in the back zone. Then, it is output from the nip of the middle two-roller 6 and the middle two top rollers 18 and enters the middle zone. The middle zone sliver buncher 7 agglomerates the transverse width of the fiber strip 2 to control the excessive transverse diffusion of the fiber strip 2 after drafting. Then, the fiber strip 2 enters the nip formed by the middle one bottom roller 8 and the middle one top roller 17, and then enters the elastic holding area formed by the bottom apron 9 and the top apron 16. At the same time, a rear end curved surface stepped bottom pin 10 is sleeved at the front end of the bottom apron 9, and a roller type elastic top pin 15 is sleeved at the front end of the top apron 16. The roller 152 of the roller type elastic top pin 15 is located on the rear end curved surface stepped bottom pin 10, and the specific position is above the lower pin supporting plane 103 adjacent to the rear end curved surface 101. In this way, the rear end curved surface 101 and the roller 152 form a curved path, which has a certain holding effect on the fiber strip 2. This holding effect adapts to the quantitative fluctuation of the fiber strip through the spring 155, and the roller 152 keeps the stable operation of the top apron 16 and the bottom apron 9. The fiber strip 2 output from the top apron 16 and the bottom apron 9 enters the front nip formed by the front roller 11 and the front top roller 14. The fiber strip 2 is highly drafted in the front zone and output, and enters the spinning cup 13 from the nozzle 12 to be spun into yarn.

[0035] The middle one bottom roller 8, the middle one top roller 17, the bottom apron 9, the top apron 16, the rear end curved surface stepped bottom pin 10 and the roller type elastic top pin 15 form a leather apron elastic nip. According to the fiber strip characteristics and process configuration requirements during the spinning process of vortex spinning thick yarns, the roller type elastic top pin 15 and the rear end curved surface stepped bottom pin 10 are designed in the present invention.

[0036] The roller type elastic top pin 15 includes a top pin main body 151, a roller 152, a roller shaft 153, a roller shaft fixing vertical rod 154, a spring 155 and a fixing sleeve 156 integrated with the top pin main body. There is a fixing hole 157 on the top pin main body.

[0037] The described roller-type elastic top pin 15 has a structure symmetric about the center line. Taking the left half as an example, the top pin body 151 has an L-shaped structure, and the right side of the top pin body 151 is an inclined flat plate structure; a fixed sleeve 156 integrated with the top pin body is provided on the inclined flat plate structure; a roller shaft 153 is installed at the center of the roller 152, and a roller shaft fixing vertical rod 154 is installed on the roller shaft 153. The roller shaft fixing vertical rod 154 is sleeved with a spring 155 and is placed inside the fixed sleeve 156.

[0038] The described rear-end curved surface stepped bottom pin 10 includes a rear-end curved surface step 101, a bottom pin supporting plane 103, and a front-end arc surface 102.

[0039] The described rear-end curved surface stepped bottom pin 10 is in an inclined T shape. The plane of the rear-end curved surface stepped bottom pin 10 is the bottom pin supporting plane 103. One side of the bottom pin supporting plane 103 is provided with a rear-end curved surface step 101, and the other side is provided with a front-end arc surface 102.

[0040] A rear-end curved surface stepped bottom pin 10 is sleeved through the front end of the lower rubber ring 9, and a roller-type elastic top pin 15 is sleeved through the front end of the upper rubber ring 16. The roller 152 of the roller-type elastic top pin 15 is located on the rear-end curved surface stepped bottom pin 10. The specific position is above the bottom pin supporting plane 103 adjacent to the rear-end curved surface step 101. In this way, the rear-end curved surface step 101 and the roller 152 form a curved path, which has a certain holding effect on the fiber strip 2. This holding effect adapts to the quantitative fluctuation of the fiber strip through the spring 155, and the roller 152 keeps the upper rubber ring 16 and the lower rubber ring 9 running stably.

[0041] The described yarn guide for evenness of the transverse thickness of the fiber strip in the rear zone 5 is as Figure 7 shown, including an inlet section 51, an outlet section 52, a side elevation of the yarn guide channel 53, a straight inlet edge 54, and a curved center line 55;

[0042] The top view of the yarn guide channel of the described yarn guide for evenness of the transverse thickness of the fiber strip in the rear zone 5 has a structure with a large inlet and a small outlet. The bottom end of the channel is divided into two parts. The curved surface of the inlet section 51 has a straight inlet edge 54 at the front end and a convex curved edge at the rear end of the inlet section, that is, the intersection of the inlet section and the outlet section is the curved center line 55. The surface of the inlet section is a curved surface structure composed of the straight inlet edge 54 and the curved center line 55; the front end of the outlet section 52 is the curved center line 55, and the rear end is a curved outlet edge 56. The front and rear ends of the curved surface of the outlet section 52 are both convex curved edges, and the surface of the outlet section is a curved surface structure formed between two convex curves.

[0043] Since the structure of the fed sliver is approximately circular or elliptical, the thickness of the middle fiber layer is relatively large after it enters the roller nip, while the thickness of the fiber layers on both sides of the edge is relatively small. The function of the sliver lateral thickness equalizing yarn guide 5 in the back zone of the present invention is to equalize the lateral thickness of the sliver output from the back roller nip, so that the lateral thickness of the sliver entering the middle second roller nip is relatively uniform. During the drafting process in the back zone, the sliver is less affected by the drafting stratification phenomenon caused by the thicker middle fiber layer. This fiber layer drafting stratification phenomenon will cause some fibers not to be drafted according to the set drafting multiple, and some fibers not to be fully drafted, thus resulting in drafting unevenness and affecting the yarn evenness quality. At the same time, the uneven lateral thickness of the sliver will also lead to differences in the jaw holding force, resulting in differences in the range and magnitude of the friction force boundary formed by the fiber holding and friction, making the floating fiber acceleration points in different regions inconsistent and affecting the drafting uniformity of the sliver. The working principle of the sliver lateral thickness equalizing yarn guide 5 in the back zone mainly relies on the dispersion effect of the bottom curved surface on the lateral fiber quantity in the sliver. The process of this dispersion effect is that the sliver enters the yarn guide along the straight part of the inlet section 51, passes through the middle convex curve along the curved surface, and the length of the convex curve is greater than the straight line length. The sliver is laterally dispersed on this curved surface. At the same time, the convex curve structure also helps the fibers in the middle part of the sliver to disperse to both sides. The dispersed sliver passes through the yarn guide along the outlet section 52, and both the front and rear ends of the outlet section 52 are convex curves, whose function is to keep the fiber layer stable on the curved surface of the outlet section 52, and to prevent the fiber layer from being suspended while passing smoothly. While the bottom surface of the yarn guide is acting, combined with the lateral structure with a wider back and a smaller front to gather the edge fibers and increase the thickness of both sides of the sliver, further improving the overall lateral thickness uniformity of the sliver, enhancing the drafting effect of the sliver, and improving the yarn forming quality.

[0044] The middle zone sliver bundler 7 is as Figure 8 shown, including the side surface 71 of the middle zone sliver bundler and the bottom surface 72 of the middle zone sliver bundler; the bottom surface 72 of the middle zone sliver bundler is a plane, and the yarn guiding channel is an agglomerating structure with a wide inlet and a narrow outlet, and the structures of the side surfaces 71 of the middle zone sliver bundlers on both sides are curved surface transitions to achieve the lateral agglomeration of the sliver and prevent the lateral width of the sliver from spreading excessively after drafting in the middle zone.

[0045] The apron elastic jaw is as Figure 4As shown in the figure, it is composed of the middle lower roller 8, the middle upper apron roller 17, the lower apron 9, the upper apron 16, the rear-end curved surface stepped bottom pin 10 and the roller-type elastic top pin 15. According to the characteristics of the fiber strip and the requirements of the process configuration during the spinning of vortex-spun coarse yarn, the roller-type elastic top pin 15 and the rear-end curved surface stepped bottom pin 10 are designed. The roller-type elastic top pin 15 is characterized by including a top pin main body 151, a roller 152, a roller shaft 153, a roller shaft fixing vertical rod 154, a spring 155 and a fixing sleeve 156 integrated with the top pin main body. There is a fixing hole 157 on the top pin main body. The rear-end curved surface stepped bottom pin 10 is characterized in that its cross-sectional shape is a rear-end curved surface step 101, a bottom pin supporting plane 103 and a front-end arc surface 102. When spinning vortex-spun coarse yarn, the yarn count per unit length is large, and the draft multiple is significantly reduced, from more than 200 times to 50 - 80 times. The draft in each zone also shows obvious changes. Generally, the draft configuration range of the vortex spinning process is generally 30 - 40 times for the main zone draft, 2 - 3 times for the middle zone draft, and 2.5 - 3.5 times for the rear zone draft. When spinning vortex-spun coarse yarn, the draft process configuration range becomes 20 - 25 times for the main zone draft, about 1.5 times for the middle zone, and about 2 times for the rear zone. This change places new requirements on the draft capacity of the draft mechanism for the fiber sliver. Especially with the significant reduction of the main zone draft multiple, since the draft multiples in the middle and rear zones are also reduced, the fiber sliver quantitative fed into the main zone increases significantly. The smaller main zone draft multiple leads to an increase in the main zone draft load, an increase in the amount of fibers that need to be drafted and shifted per unit time. The increase in the amount of fibers increases the fiber-to-fiber cohesion force, deteriorates the fiber draft uniformity, and increases the number of broken fibers during drafting, affecting the quality of the final yarn. Enlarging the draft roller gauge can reduce the fiber-to-fiber cohesion force and thus reduce the draft force. However, reducing the roller gauge will disperse the fiber speed change points and deteriorate the yarn evenness. To solve this problem, the present invention designs a roller-type elastic top pin 15 and a rear-end curved surface stepped bottom pin 10. The installation positions of these two components at the elastic nip are as Figure 4 shown. The roller of the roller-type elastic top pin 15 is located at the plane near the curved surface step of the rear-end curved surface stepped bottom pin 10, making the running path of the fiber sliver a curve. When the roller gauge is appropriately increased, increasing the elastic holding effect on the fiber sliver here can well control the position of the speed change point of the fiber sliver during drafting, effectively improving the concentration degree of the fiber speed change point distribution, and ensuring the uniformity of the fiber sliver draft while reducing the draft load. At the same time, under the action of the spring device, the position of the roller can change with the change of the fiber sliver quantitative, and always maintain a small pressure fluctuation under the action of the spring. The roller itself has the ability of passive rotation. During the running process of the apron, the roller can rotate with the movement of the apron, ensuring the stable running of the apron and the fiber sliver.

[0046] Example 2:

[0047] An 83.9 tex polyester vortex-spun coarse yarn and its spinning method.

[0048] A spinning method for 83.9 tex polyester vortex spinning coarse yarn in this embodiment is as follows. Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the cradle 1 is the support of the vortex spinning drafting mechanism. During the spinning process, the nearly circular fiber strip 2 is fed from the trumpet 3 and enters the holding nip formed by the back roller 4 and the back top roller 19, and is flattened and output in a shape with a thick middle and thin sides. Then, through the leveling effect of the back zone fiber strip transverse thickness leveling yarn guide 5, the transverse thickness uniformity of the fiber strip 2 entering the nip formed by the middle two rollers 6 and the middle two top rollers 18 is improved, reducing the problem of inconsistent fiber speed caused by the layered movement of the fiber strip during the preliminary drafting in the back zone. Then, it is output from the nip of the middle two rollers 6 and the middle two top rollers 18 and enters the middle zone. The sliver bundler 7 in the middle zone agglomerates the transverse width of the fiber strip 2 to control the excessive transverse diffusion of the fiber strip 2 after drafting. Then, the fiber strip 2 enters the nip formed by the middle lower roller 8 and the middle upper roller 17, and then enters the elastic holding area formed by the lower apron 9 and the upper apron 16. At the same time, a rear-end curved surface stepped bottom pin 10 is sleeved at the front end of the lower apron 9, and a roller-type elastic top pin 15 is sleeved at the front end of the upper apron 16. The roller 152 of the roller-type elastic top pin 15 is located on the rear-end curved surface stepped bottom pin 10, and the specific position is above the bottom pin supporting plane 103 adjacent to the rear-end curved surface 101. In this way, the rear-end curved surface 101 and the roller 152 form a curved path, which has a certain holding effect on the fiber strip 2. This holding effect adapts to the quantitative fluctuation of the fiber strip through the spring 155, and the roller 152 maintains the stable operation of the upper apron 16 and the lower apron 9. The fiber strip 2 output from the upper apron 16 and the lower apron 9 enters the front nip formed by the front roller 11 and the front top roller 14. The fiber strip 2 is highly drafted and output in the front zone, and enters the spinning cup 13 from the nozzle 12 to be spun into yarn.

[0049] The above-mentioned back zone fiber strip transverse thickness leveling yarn guide 5 is as follows. Figure 7 As shown in the figure, the top view of its yarn guide channel has a large entrance and a small exit. The bottom end of the channel is divided into two parts. The curved surface of the entrance section 51 has a straight entrance edge 54 at the front end and a convex curved edge at the rear end of the entrance section, that is, the intersection of the entrance section and the exit section is the curve center line 55. The surface of the entrance section is a curved surface structure formed by the straight entrance edge 54 and the curve center line 55. The front end of the exit section 52 is the curve center line 55, and the rear end is the curved exit edge 56. The front and rear ends of the curved surface of the exit section are both convex curved edges, and the surface of the exit section is a curved surface structure formed between two convex curves.

[0050] The above-mentioned middle zone sliver bundler 7 is as follows. Figure 8 As shown in the figure, its structure is that the bottom surface 72 is a plane, the yarn guide channel is an agglomeration structure with a wide entrance and a narrow exit, and the structure of the side surface 71 is a curved surface transition to achieve the transverse agglomeration of the fiber strip and prevent the excessive transverse width diffusion of the fiber strip after drafting in the middle zone.

[0051] The apron elastic nipping mouth is as follows Figure 4 shown, and is composed of a middle lower roller 8, a middle upper rubber roller 17, a lower apron 9, an upper apron 16, a rear end curved surface stepped bottom pin 10 and a roller type elastic top pin 15. According to the fiber strip characteristics and process configuration requirements in the spinning process of vortex spinning coarse count yarn, the present invention designs a roller type elastic top pin 15 and a rear end curved surface stepped bottom pin 10. The roller type elastic top pin 15 is characterized by including a top pin main body 151, a roller 152, a roller shaft 153, a roller shaft fixing vertical rod 154, a spring 155 and a fixing sleeve 156 integrated with the top pin main body, and there is a fixing hole 157 on the top pin main body. The rear end curved surface stepped bottom pin 10 is characterized in that the cross-sectional shape is a rear end curved surface step 101, a bottom pin supporting plane 103 and a front end arc surface 102. The present invention designs a roller type elastic top pin 15 and a rear end curved surface stepped bottom pin 10. The installation positions of these two components in the elastic nipping mouth are as follows Figure 4 shown. The roller of the roller type elastic top pin 15 is located at the plane close to the curved surface step of the rear end curved surface stepped bottom pin 10, making the running path of the fiber strip a curve. When the roller gauge is appropriately increased, an elastic holding effect on the fiber strip is increased here, which can well control the speed change point position of the fiber strip during the drafting process, effectively improve the concentration degree of the fiber speed change point distribution, and ensure the evenness of the fiber strip drafting while reducing the drafting load. At the same time, under the action of the spring device, the position of the roller can change with the change of the fiber strip quantity, and always maintains a small pressure fluctuation under the action of the spring. The roller itself has the ability of passive rotation. During the running process of the apron, the roller can rotate with the movement of the apron to ensure the stable running of the apron and the fiber strip.

[0052] The spinning process of the 83.9 tex polyester vortex spinning thick yarn: The model of the vortex spinning machine is MVS No.870EX, the spinning speed is 500 m / min, the nozzle air pressure is 0.57 Mpa, the feeding polyester fiber sliver has a fixed quantity of 4800 tex, the polyester single fiber specification is 38mm * 1.33 dtex, the inlet width of the yarn guide for the evenness of the lateral thickness of the fiber sliver in the back zone is 20 mm, the outlet width is 14 mm, the curve radius at the connection of the front and back bottom surfaces is 15 mm, the curve radius of the edge of the outlet curved surface is 20 mm, and the thickness of the yarn guide is 9 mm. The inlet width of the sliver buncher in the middle zone is 12 mm, the outlet width is 6 mm, and the thickness is 6 mm. The width of the rear curved surface step of the lower pin with a stepped rear curved surface is 7 mm, the curved surface radius is 8 mm, the width of the lower pin supporting plane is 18 mm, and the curvature radius of the front arc surface is 2.5 mm. The roller radius of the roller type elastic top pin is 3 mm, and the horizontal distance from the roller axis to the front edge of the top pin is 14 mm. The total draft multiple is 57.2 times, the draft multiple in the back zone is 1.8 times, the draft multiple in the middle zone is 1.5, and the draft multiple in the main zone is 21.2 times. Roller gauge: The gauge between the middle second roller and the rear roller is 47 mm, the gauge between the middle first roller and the middle second roller is 45 mm, and the gauge between the front roller and the middle first roller is 44 mm.

[0053] Yarn quality indicators: The tensile breaking strength is 29.8 cN / tex, the strength CV value is 4.2%, the breaking elongation rate is 11.8%, and the evenness of yarn appearance is 7.41%.

[0054] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made on the basis of the present invention are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A spinning device for vortex spinning of thick yarns, comprising a cradle (1), a trumpet (3), a back roller (4), a back top roller (19), a back zone fiber strip transverse thickness equalizing yarn guide (5), a middle two rollers (6), a middle two top rollers (18), a middle zone sliver buncher (7), a middle one lower roller (8), a middle one top roller (17), a lower apron (9), an upper apron (16), a rear end curved surface stepped bottom pin (10), a roller type elastic top pin (15), a front top roller (14), a front roller (11), a nozzle (12), and a spinning cup (13); characterized in that, The middle lower roller (8), middle upper apron roller (17), lower apron (9), upper apron (16), rear-end curved surface stepped bottom pin (10) and roller type elastic top pin (15) form an apron elastic nip; The roller type elastic top pin (15) includes a top pin main body (151), rollers (152), roller shafts (153), roller shaft fixing vertical rods (154), springs (155) and fixing sleeves (156) integrated with the top pin main body. There are fixing holes (157) on the top pin main body; The roller type elastic top pin (15) has a structure symmetric about the center line. Taking the left half as an example, the top pin main body (151) has an L-shaped structure, and the right side of the top pin main body (151) is an inclined flat plate structure; a fixing sleeve (156) integrated with the top pin main body is provided on the inclined flat plate structure; the roller shaft (153) is installed at the center of the roller (152), and a roller shaft fixing vertical rod (154) is installed on the roller shaft (153). The roller shaft fixing vertical rod (154) is sleeved with a spring (155) and is placed inside the fixing sleeve (156); The rear-end curved surface stepped bottom pin (10) includes a rear-end curved surface step (101), a bottom pin supporting plane (103) and a front-end arc surface (102); The rear-end curved surface stepped bottom pin (10) is in an inclined T shape. The plane of the rear-end curved surface stepped bottom pin (10) is the bottom pin supporting plane (103). A rear-end curved surface step (101) is provided on one side of the bottom pin supporting plane (103), and a front-end arc surface (102) is provided on the other side; The rear zone fiber strip transverse thickness equalizing yarn guide (5) includes an inlet section (51), an outlet section (52), a side elevation of the yarn guide channel (53), a straight inlet edge (54) and a curved center line (55); The top view of the yarn guide channel of the rear zone fiber strip transverse thickness equalizing yarn guide (5) has a structure with a large inlet and a small outlet. The bottom end of the channel is divided into two parts. The curved surface of the inlet section (51) has a straight inlet edge (54) at the front end and a convex curved edge at the rear end of the inlet section, that is, the junction of the inlet section and the outlet section is the curved center line (55). The surface of the inlet section is a curved surface structure formed by the straight inlet edge (54) and the curved center line (55); the front end of the outlet section (52) is the curved center line (55), and the rear end is a curved outlet edge (56). The front and rear ends of the curved surface of the outlet section (52) are both convex curved edges, and the surface of the outlet section is a curved surface structure formed between two convex curves.

2. The spinning device for vortex spinning of thick yarn according to claim 1, characterized in that, The middle zone sliver bundler (7) includes the side surface (71) of the middle zone sliver bundler and the bottom surface (72) of the middle zone sliver bundler; the bottom surface (72) of the middle zone sliver bundler is a plane, and the yarn guide channel is an agglomerating structure with a wide inlet and a narrow outlet. The structures of the side surfaces (71) of the middle zone sliver bundlers on both sides are in a curved surface transition to achieve the transverse agglomeration of the sliver and prevent the transverse width of the sliver from spreading excessively after drafting in the middle zone.

3. The spinning method of a spinning device for vortex spinning of coarse yarn according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The steps are as follows: The first step: The cradle (1) is the support of the vortex spinning drafting mechanism. The sliver (2) is fed from the trumpet (3) and enters the holding nip formed by the back roller (4) and the back top roller (19). Through the leveling effect of the sliver transverse thickness leveling yarn guide (5) in the back zone, the transverse thickness uniformity of the sliver (2) entering the nip formed by the middle second roller (6) and the middle second top roller (18) is improved; The second step: Then it is output from the nip of the middle second roller (6) and the middle second top roller (18) and enters the middle zone. The sliver collector (7) in the middle zone agglomerates the transverse width of the sliver (2) to control the excessive transverse diffusion of the sliver (2) after drafting. Then the sliver (2) enters the nip formed by the middle first lower roller (8) and the middle first top roller (17), and then enters the elastic holding area formed by the lower apron (9) and the upper apron (16). At the same time, a rear curved step-shaped lower pin (10) is sleeved at the front end of the lower apron (9), and a roller-type elastic upper pin (15) is sleeved at the front end of the upper apron (16). The roller (152) of the roller-type elastic upper pin (15) is located on the rear curved step-shaped lower pin (10), and the specific position is above the lower pin supporting plane (103) adjacent to the rear curved step (101). The rear curved step (101) and the roller (152) form a curved path, which has a certain holding effect on the sliver (2). This holding effect adapts to the quantitative fluctuation of the sliver through the spring (155), and the roller (152) maintains the stable operation of the upper apron (16) and the lower apron (9); The third step: The sliver (2) output from the upper apron (16) and the lower apron (9) enters the front nip formed by the front roller (11) and the front top roller (14). The sliver (2) is highly drafted in the front zone and output, and enters the spinning cup (13) from the nozzle (12) to spin into yarn.

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