A device for rapid compaction and plugging of blasting holes in tunnel excavation

Abstract

This invention provides a rapid compaction and sealing device for blast holes in tunnel excavation, comprising a plate frame assembly and two compaction and sealing mechanisms. The plate frame assembly includes a central plate, two side plates, and an elastic constriction belt; wherein the central plate is disposed between the two side plates. This invention uses the elastic constriction belt to constrain the explosive charge, allowing the device and the charge to be inserted into the blast hole together. Then, a miniature electromagnet releases the limit on the telescopic mechanism, which in turn drives the central plate and side plates to compress the compaction and sealing mechanisms, causing them to expand and press against the inner wall of the blast hole, completing the sealing operation. Finally, the explosive gas impacts the side plates, solidifying the slurry within the compaction and sealing mechanism, thus blocking the blast shock wave and ensuring the blasting effect. Furthermore, it eliminates the need for manual compaction and secondary filling, simplifying the operation and improving work efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a compaction and sealing device, specifically a rapid compaction and sealing device for blasting holes in tunnel excavation, belonging to the field of blasting engineering technology in tunnel excavation. Background Technology

[0002] Blasting engineering refers to a construction method that uses explosives to excavate earth and rock, and demolish or destroy foundations, buildings, and structures. There are many types of explosives, and the most commonly used explosives in construction engineering include ammonium nitrate explosives, nitroglycerin explosives, and black powder.

[0003] In tunnel construction, extensive earthwork excavation is typically required, and blasting is one of the most commonly used methods. Blasting utilizes the energy released when industrial explosives detonate to break, scatter, or loosen the soil and rock within a certain radius around the explosive. Blasting operations are highly dangerous. From the acquisition of explosive materials to the design of the blasting plan, its implementation, safety precautions, and the handling of spent explosives, every step requires meticulous attention and rigor. Therefore, effective construction safety measures must be employed in blasting operations to ensure the safety of personnel, equipment, and nearby buildings or structures.

[0004] The sealing of blast holes is an important procedure in blasting engineering. It mainly involves sealing the blast holes tightly to prevent high-pressure explosive gases from escaping from the holes after the explosives detonate, thereby improving the blasting effect.

[0005] Traditional methods of sealing blast holes typically involve using materials such as rock chips, yellow mud, ultrafine cement, or resin-coated small particles. However, the sealing process requires filling the blast hole with the sealing material, followed by compaction, secondary filling, and curing. This is a cumbersome and inefficient process. Therefore, a rapid compaction and sealing device for blast holes in tunnel excavation is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of this, the present invention provides a rapid compaction and sealing device for blast holes in tunnel excavation, so as to solve or alleviate the technical problems existing in the prior art, or at least provide a beneficial alternative.

[0007] The technical solution of this invention is implemented as follows: a rapid compaction and plugging device for blasting holes in tunnel excavation, comprising a plate frame assembly and two compaction and plugging mechanisms, wherein the plate frame assembly comprises a central plate, two side plates and an elastic constriction belt;

[0008] The central plate is disposed between the two side plates, the elastic band is disposed at the bottom of the side plates, and the two sealing mechanisms are installed between the central plate and the two side plates.

[0009] The dense sealing mechanism utilizes the pressure between the center plate and the side plate to expand it, and uses the slurry inside to densely seal the blast hole.

[0010] Two telescopic mechanisms are installed between the center plate and the two side plates. The telescopic mechanisms are used to drive the center plate and the side plates to squeeze the sealing mechanism.

[0011] Among them, the inner sidewalls of the two telescopic mechanisms are equipped with a number of miniature electromagnets, and the outer sidewalls of the cores of the miniature electromagnets are equipped with locking mechanisms. The locking mechanisms are used to drive the cores of the miniature electromagnets to be inserted into the telescopic mechanisms.

[0012] One of the side plates has a timing mechanism installed on its upper surface, which is used to supply power to the miniature electromagnet at regular intervals.

[0013] More preferably, the dense sealing mechanism includes an outer bladder, an inner bladder, and a non-Newtonian fluid slurry;

[0014] One end of each of the outer and inner capsules is fixedly connected to one side of the central plate, and the other end of each of the outer and inner capsules is fixedly connected to the side plate near the central plate. The non-Newtonian fluid slurry fills the interior of the outer and inner capsules respectively.

[0015] More preferably, the telescopic mechanism includes an inner ring, an outer ring, a slip ring, and a plurality of first springs;

[0016] The inner ring and the outer ring are both located between the outer bladder and the inner bladder. One end of the inner ring is fixedly connected to one side of the center plate, and one end of the outer ring is fixedly connected to one side of the side plate. The outer side wall of the inner ring is slidably connected to the inner side wall of the outer ring.

[0017] More preferably, the slip ring is fixedly connected to one end of the inner ring body, the outer side wall of the slip ring is slidably connected to the inner side wall of the outer ring, one end of each of the first springs is fixedly connected to the side of the slip ring away from the inner ring body, the other end of each of the first springs is fixedly connected to the top of the inner side wall of the outer ring, and each of the miniature electromagnets is installed on the inner side wall of the outer ring.

[0018] More preferably, the locking mechanism includes several limiting plates, several second springs, several balls, and several insertion holes;

[0019] In this configuration, several limiting plates are fixedly connected to the outer side walls of several miniature electromagnet cores, several second springs are respectively sleeved on the outer side of the miniature electromagnet cores, one end of several second springs is fixedly connected to one side of the limiting plate, and the other end of several second springs is fixedly connected to one side of several miniature electromagnets.

[0020] More preferably, each of the ball bearings is slidably connected to one end of each of the miniature electromagnet cores, and each of the insertion holes is opened on the outer side wall of the inner ring body, with the outer side wall of the miniature electromagnet core slidably connected to the inner side wall of the insertion hole.

[0021] More preferably, the timing mechanism includes a battery compartment and a timing switch;

[0022] The battery box is mounted on the upper surface of one of the side plates, the timer switch is mounted on the upper surface of the battery box, the electrical output terminal of the battery box is electrically connected to the electrical input terminal of the timer switch via a wire, and the electrical output terminal of the timer switch is electrically connected to the electrical input terminals of several of the miniature electromagnets via a wire.

[0023] More preferably, the outer wall of the outer capsule is uniformly fixedly connected with side blocks, and the side of the side blocks away from the outer capsule is uniformly fixedly connected with protrusions.

[0024] More preferably, two bottom rings are fixedly connected to both ends of the elastic band, and one end of the bottom ring away from the elastic band is fixedly connected to the bottom of the side plate.

[0025] More preferably, a wire harness ring is threaded to the bottom of the inner sidewall of one of the side plates, and a handle is hinged to the middle of the upper surface of the other side plate.

[0026] The embodiments of the present invention have the following advantages due to the adoption of the above technical solutions:

[0027] I. This invention uses an elastic constriction belt to constrain the explosive charge, allowing the device and the charge to be inserted into the blast hole together. A miniature electromagnet then releases the limit on the telescopic mechanism, which in turn drives the central and side plates to compress the sealing mechanism. This causes the sealing mechanism to expand and press against the inner wall of the blast hole, completing the sealing operation. The explosive gas then impacts the side plates, solidifying the slurry within the sealing mechanism and blocking the blast shock wave, thus ensuring the blasting effect. Furthermore, it eliminates the need for manual compaction and secondary filling, simplifying the operation and improving work efficiency.

[0028] Second, this invention uses a moving side plate to drive the telescopic mechanism to stretch. After the telescopic mechanism is stretched, the locking mechanism drives the core of the miniature electromagnet to be inserted into the telescopic mechanism to limit the movement. Then, according to actual needs, the timing mechanism is used to set the start time of the miniature electromagnet so as to block the blast hole at regular intervals, making the operation and use of the device more convenient.

[0029] The above overview is for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to be limiting in any way. In addition to the illustrative aspects, embodiments, and features described above, further aspects, embodiments, and features of the invention will become readily apparent from the accompanying drawings and the following detailed description. Attached Figure Description

[0030] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0031] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the half-section structure of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 This is a side sectional view of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 Enlarged schematic diagram of area A structure;

[0035] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the axial structure of the inner ring and outer ring of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure;

[0037] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the axial structure of the outer capsule of the present invention.

[0038] Reference numerals: 1. Plate frame assembly; 101. Center plate; 102. Side plate; 103. Elastic strap; 2. Dense sealing mechanism; 201. Outer bladder; 202. Inner bladder; 203. Non-Newtonian fluid slurry; 3. Telescopic mechanism; 301. Inner ring; 302. Outer ring; 303. Slip ring; 304. First spring; 4. Miniature electromagnet; 5. Locking mechanism; 501. Limiting plate; 502. Second spring; 503. Ball bearing; 504. Insertion hole; 6. Timing mechanism; 601. Battery box; 602. Timer switch; 71. Side block; 72. Spike; 73. Bottom ring; 74. Cable tie ring; 75. Handle. Detailed Implementation

[0039] In the following description, only certain exemplary embodiments are briefly described. As those skilled in the art will recognize, the described embodiments can be modified in various ways without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the drawings and description are considered to be exemplary in nature and not restrictive.

[0040] It is important to note that terms such as "first," "second," "symmetric," and "array" are used only to distinguish between descriptive and positional descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, features specified with terms such as "first" or "symmetric" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature; similarly, when the quantity of certain features is not limited by words such as "two" or "three," it should be noted that such features also explicitly or implicitly include one or more features.

[0041] The embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0042] like Figure 1-7 As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides a rapid compaction and sealing device for blasting holes in tunnel excavation, including a plate frame assembly 1 and two compaction and sealing mechanisms 2. The plate frame assembly 1 includes a central plate 101, two side plates 102 and an elastic constriction belt 103.

[0043] The center plate 101 is located between the two side plates 102, the elastic band 103 is located at the bottom of the side plates 102, and the two tight sealing mechanisms 2 are installed between the center plate 101 and the two side plates 102.

[0044] The sealing mechanism 2 expands by utilizing the pressure between the center plate 101 and the side plate 102, and uses the slurry inside to seal the blast hole.

[0045] Among them, two telescopic mechanisms 3 are installed between the center plate 101 and the two side plates 102. The telescopic mechanisms 3 are used to drive the center plate 101 and the side plates 102 to squeeze the dense sealing mechanism 2.

[0046] Among them, the inner walls of the two telescopic mechanisms 3 are equipped with a number of miniature electromagnets 4, and the outer walls of the cores of the miniature electromagnets 4 are equipped with locking mechanisms 5. The locking mechanisms 5 are used to drive the cores of the miniature electromagnets 4 to be inserted into the telescopic mechanism 3.

[0047] One of the side plates 102 has a timing mechanism 6 installed on its upper surface. The timing mechanism 6 is used to supply power to the miniature electromagnet 4 at regular intervals.

[0048] In one embodiment, the tight sealing mechanism 2 includes an outer bladder 201, an inner bladder 202, and a non-Newtonian fluid slurry 203;

[0049] One end of the outer bladder 201 and the inner bladder 202 are fixedly connected to one side of the center plate 101, and the other end of the outer bladder 201 and the inner bladder 202 are fixedly connected to the side plate 102 near the center plate 101. Non-Newtonian fluid slurry 203 fills the interior of the outer bladder 201 and the inner bladder 202 respectively. By expanding the compressed outer bladder 201 and the inner bladder 202, the expanded outer bladder 201 fits against the inner wall of the rupture hole to complete the blocking operation, and the expanded inner bladder 202 fills the space inside the device to ensure the blocking effect on the rupture hole.

[0050] In one embodiment, the telescopic mechanism 3 includes an inner ring 301, an outer ring 302, a slip ring 303, and a plurality of first springs 304;

[0051] The inner ring 301 and the outer ring 302 are both located between the outer bladder 201 and the inner bladder 202. One end of the inner ring 301 is fixedly connected to one side of the center plate 101, and one end of the outer ring 302 is fixedly connected to one side of the side plate 102. The outer side wall of the inner ring 301 is slidably connected to the inner side wall of the outer ring 302.

[0052] The slip ring 303 is fixedly connected to one end of the inner ring body 301. The outer side wall of the slip ring 303 is slidably connected to the inner side wall of the outer ring 302. One end of each of the first springs 304 is fixedly connected to the side of the slip ring 303 away from the inner ring body 301. The other end of each of the first springs 304 is fixedly connected to the top of the inner side wall of the outer ring 302. Each of the miniature electromagnets 4 is installed on the inner side wall of the outer ring 302. The outer ring 302 is driven to move along the inner ring body 301 and the slip ring 303 through the side plate 102, and the first springs 304 are stretched.

[0053] In one embodiment, the locking mechanism 5 includes a plurality of limiting plates 501, a plurality of second springs 502, a plurality of balls 503 and a plurality of sockets 504.

[0054] Among them, several limiting plates 501 are respectively fixedly connected to the outer side wall of several miniature electromagnets 4 cores, several second springs 502 are respectively sleeved on the outer side of the miniature electromagnets 4 cores, one end of several second springs 502 is respectively fixedly connected to one side of the limiting plate 501, and the other end of several second springs 502 is respectively fixedly connected to one side of several miniature electromagnets 4.

[0055] Several balls 503 are slidably connected to one end of several miniature electromagnets 4 cores, and several insertion holes 504 are opened on the outer side wall of the inner ring 301. The outer side wall of the miniature electromagnet 4 core is slidably connected to the inner side wall of the insertion hole 504. The balls 503 are used to reduce the friction between the miniature electromagnet 4 core and the inner wall of the inner ring 301. When the core of the miniature electromagnet 4 moves to the insertion hole 504, the second spring 502 uses the limiting plate 501 to drive the core of the miniature electromagnet 4 to insert into the insertion hole 504, thereby limiting the movement between the inner ring 301 and the outer ring 302.

[0056] In one embodiment, the timing mechanism 6 includes a battery box 601 and a timing switch 602;

[0057] The battery box 601 is mounted on the upper surface of a side plate 102, and the timer switch 602 is mounted on the upper surface of the battery box 601. The electrical output terminal of the battery box 601 is electrically connected to the electrical input terminal of the timer switch 602 via wires. The electrical output terminal of the timer switch 602 is electrically connected to the electrical input terminals of several miniature electromagnets 4 via wires. The start time of the miniature electromagnets 4 is set by rotating the timer switch 602 so as to seal the blast hole at regular intervals.

[0058] In one embodiment, the outer wall of the outer capsule 201 is uniformly fixedly connected with side blocks 71, and the side of the side blocks 71 away from the outer capsule 201 is uniformly fixedly connected with protrusions 72; the expansion of the outer capsule 201 drives the side blocks 71 and protrusions 72 to penetrate into the blast hole, thereby improving the stability of the device in the blast hole.

[0059] In one embodiment, two bottom rings 73 are fixedly connected to both ends of the elastic band 103, and one end of the bottom ring 73 away from the elastic band 103 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the side plate 102; by using the elastic band 103 to restrain the explosive charge, the device can be deployed together with the explosive charge.

[0060] In one embodiment, a wire harness ring 74 is threaded to the bottom of the inner sidewall of one side plate 102, and a handle 75 is hinged to the middle of the upper surface of the other side plate 102; the handle 75 is provided so that the entire device can be pulled open.

[0061] When the present invention is in operation: the bottom side plate 102 is limited, and then the handle 75 is pulled to drive the top side plate 102 to move. The moving side plate 102 drives the outer ring 302 to move along the inner ring 301 and the slip ring 303, and drives the first spring 304 and the miniature electromagnet 4 to move. The moving first spring 304 is stretched, and the iron core of the miniature electromagnet 4 slides on the inner side of the inner ring 301. The ball bearing 503 is used to reduce the friction between the iron core of the miniature electromagnet 4 and the inner wall of the inner ring 301. When the iron core of the miniature electromagnet 4 moves to the insertion hole 504, the second spring 502 uses the limiting plate 501 to drive the iron core of the miniature electromagnet 4 to insert into the insertion hole 504, so as to limit the inner ring 301 and the outer ring 302, and complete the unfolding of the device.

[0062] Then, the wire of the explosive charge is passed through the wire harness 74 and enters from the bottom side plate 102 and exits from the top side plate 102. The wire of the explosive charge is then constrained inside the device by rotating the wire harness 74. Then, the top of the explosive charge is inserted into the elastic band 103 and the elastic band 103 is used to constrain the explosive charge, thus completing the assembly between the explosive charge and the device.

[0063] When the explosive charge needs to be used, the handle 75 is tied with an external rope, and the start time of the miniature electromagnet 4 is set by turning the timer switch 602. Then, the entire device and the explosive charge are put into the blast hole together with the rope. When the explosive charge is heavy or the outer diameter of the charge is small, the elastic strap 103 can be tightened with cable ties to lock the explosive charge in the elastic strap 103.

[0064] When the explosive charge is inserted and the timer switch 602 completes its timing, the battery in the battery box 601 powers the miniature electromagnet 4 via the timer switch 602, causing the core of the miniature electromagnet 4 to slide out of the insertion hole 504. This releases the restriction between the inner ring 301 and the outer ring 302. Then, the stretched first spring 304 drives the center plate 101 and the side plate 102 to compress the outer bladder 201 and the inner bladder 202. The compressed outer bladder 201 and the inner bladder 202 then expand. The expanded outer bladder 201 fits against the inner wall of the blast hole, completing the plugging operation. The side block 71 and the protrusion 72 are inserted into the blast hole to improve the stability of the device within the blast hole. The expanded inner bladder 202 fills the space inside the device.

[0065] When the explosive charge is used for blasting, the explosive gas impacts the bottom side plate 102, causing the outer bladder 201 and inner bladder 202 to expand further, and the non-Newtonian fluid slurry 203 inside the outer bladder 201 and inner bladder 202 to solidify and seal, thereby blocking the blasting shock wave and ensuring the blasting effect.

[0066] The above are merely specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of various variations or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention, and these should all be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A rapid compaction and sealing device for blast holes in tunnel excavation, comprising a plate frame assembly (1) and two compaction and sealing mechanisms (2), characterized in that: The plate frame assembly (1) includes a center plate (101), two side plates (102) and an elastic gathering strap (103). The central plate (101) is located between the two side plates (102), the elastic band (103) is located at the bottom of the side plate (102), and the two sealing mechanisms (2) are installed between the central plate (101) and the two side plates (102). The dense sealing mechanism (2) expands by the pressure between the center plate (101) and the side plate (102) and uses the slurry inside to densely seal the blast hole. Among them, two telescopic mechanisms (3) are installed between the center plate (101) and the two side plates (102). The telescopic mechanisms (3) are used to drive the center plate (101) and the side plates (102) to squeeze the sealing mechanism (2). Among them, a number of miniature electromagnets (4) are installed on the inner sidewalls of the two telescopic mechanisms (3), and a locking mechanism (5) is installed on the outer sidewalls of the cores of the miniature electromagnets (4). The locking mechanism (5) is used to drive the cores of the miniature electromagnets (4) to be inserted into the telescopic mechanism (3). Among them, a timing mechanism (6) is installed on the upper surface of one of the side plates (102), and the timing mechanism (6) is used to supply power to the miniature electromagnet (4) at regular intervals; The dense sealing mechanism (2) includes an outer bladder (201), an inner bladder (202), and a non-Newtonian fluid slurry (203). One end of the outer capsule (201) and the inner capsule (202) are fixedly connected to one side of the center plate (101), and the other end of the outer capsule (201) and the inner capsule (202) are fixedly connected to the side of the side plate (102) near the center plate (101). The non-Newtonian fluid slurry (203) is filled inside the outer capsule (201) and the inner capsule (202) respectively.

2. The rapid compaction and sealing device for blasting holes in tunnel excavation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The telescopic mechanism (3) includes an inner ring (301), an outer ring (302), a slip ring (303), and several first springs (304). The inner ring (301) and the outer ring (302) are both located between the outer bladder (201) and the inner bladder (202). One end of the inner ring (301) is fixedly connected to one side of the center plate (101), and one end of the outer ring (302) is fixedly connected to one side of the side plate (102). The outer side wall of the inner ring (301) is slidably connected to the inner side wall of the outer ring (302).

3. The rapid compaction and sealing device for blasting holes in tunnel excavation according to claim 2, characterized in that: The slip ring (303) is fixedly connected to one end of the inner ring body (301). The outer side wall of the slip ring (303) is slidably connected to the inner side wall of the outer ring (302). One end of each of the first springs (304) is fixedly connected to the side of the slip ring (303) away from the inner ring body (301). The other end of each of the first springs (304) is fixedly connected to the top of the inner side wall of the outer ring (302). Each of the miniature electromagnets (4) is installed on the inner side wall of the outer ring (302).

4. The rapid compaction and sealing device for blasting holes in tunnel excavation according to claim 2, characterized in that: The locking mechanism (5) includes several limiting plates (501), several second springs (502), several balls (503), and several sockets (504). Among them, several limiting plates (501) are fixedly connected to the outer side wall of several miniature electromagnets (4) cores, several second springs (502) are respectively sleeved on the outer side of the miniature electromagnets (4) cores, one end of several second springs (502) is fixedly connected to one side of the limiting plate (501), and the other end of several second springs (502) is fixedly connected to one side of several miniature electromagnets (4).

5. The rapid compaction and sealing device for blasting holes in tunnel excavation according to claim 4, characterized in that: Several of the ball bearings (503) are slidably connected to one end of several of the cores of the miniature electromagnets (4), and several of the insertion holes (504) are opened on the outer side wall of the inner ring (301). The outer side wall of the core of the miniature electromagnets (4) is slidably connected to the inner side wall of the insertion hole (504).

6. The rapid compaction and sealing device for blasting holes in tunnel excavation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The timing mechanism (6) includes a battery box (601) and a timing switch (602). The battery box (601) is mounted on the upper surface of one of the side plates (102), the timer switch (602) is mounted on the upper surface of the battery box (601), the electrical output terminal of the battery box (601) is electrically connected to the electrical input terminal of the timer switch (602) through a wire, and the electrical output terminal of the timer switch (602) is electrically connected to the electrical input terminals of several of the miniature electromagnets (4) through a wire.

7. The rapid compaction and sealing device for blasting holes in tunnel excavation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the outer capsule (201) is uniformly fixedly connected with side blocks (71), and the side blocks (71) away from the outer capsule (201) are uniformly fixedly connected with protrusions (72).

8. The rapid compaction and sealing device for blasting holes in tunnel excavation according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two bottom rings (73) are fixedly connected to both ends of the elastic band (103), and one end of the bottom ring (73) away from the elastic band (103) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the side plate (102).

9. The rapid compaction and sealing device for blasting holes in tunnel excavation according to claim 1, characterized in that: A wire loop (74) is threaded to the bottom of the inner wall of one of the side plates (102), and a handle (75) is hinged to the middle of the upper surface of the other side plate (102).

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