An irradiation terminal for superconducting tape

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of terminal devices of superconducting tape irradiation, including particle irradiation vacuum chamber, unwinding vacuum chamber, winding vacuum chamber, and unwinding transmission device, winding transmission device, superconducting tape irradiation target system;The unwinding vacuum chamber, winding vacuum chamber are located in particle irradiation vacuum chamber both sides;Superconducting tape irradiation target system, including superconducting tape support body, water cooling system and back helium cooling system;Superconducting tape support body front end surface slightly with arc, through slightly with arc front end surface and superconducting tape closely adhere, take away the heat generated by superconducting tape irradiation;Back helium cooling system by filling in helium between superconducting tape and superconducting tape support body, increase convective heat transfer, realize the cooling of superconducting tape in the process of irradiation.The application solves the problem that the contact surface of tape and cooling body cannot be completely close when using protons or helium ions for superconducting tape irradiation, which leads to heat accumulation and thermal effect, and the tape may be annealed due to thermal effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of ion irradiation equipment technology, specifically designing a terminal device for irradiating superconducting tape. Background Technology

[0002] The critical current density Jc of superconducting materials is one of the main parameters characterizing the performance of superconducting materials in engineering applications, and it is also an important parameter characterizing superconductivity: the application of strong magnets depends heavily on whether the superconducting material has a high current carrying capacity, especially whether it has a large critical current density Jc under high field conditions.

[0003] To increase the critical current density of high-temperature superconducting materials under high fields, a common approach is to introduce defects of different dimensions into the materials. Methods for introducing defects include chemical doping and particle irradiation. Compared to chemical doping, particle irradiation can increase the critical current density of superconducting tapes under high fields without changing the growth parameters and chemical composition of the material. Furthermore, particle irradiation can generate uniformly distributed and sized defects of various dimensions within the material, forming effective artificial pinning centers.

[0004] There are two technical routes for increasing the critical current density Jc of high-temperature superconducting materials using particle irradiation technology: one is the foreign route that uses heavy ions produced by ultra-large accelerators for irradiation. The current intensity required for heavy ion irradiation abroad is very small, only a few tens of nanoamperes are sufficient, and the heat can be removed with almost no cooling during the irradiation process; the other is the domestic route that uses protons or helium ions produced by ultra-small cyclotrons for irradiating superconducting tapes.

[0005] The technical challenges of using protons or helium ions for superconducting tape irradiation in China are twofold: First, the required flux is very high. This means that the number of protons or helium ions needed for tape irradiation increases significantly. A higher number of protons or helium ions results in a higher power output to the tape during irradiation, generating heat. This accumulated heat leads to a thermal effect (temperature rise), causing the tape to anneal and failing to achieve the desired irradiation effect. Second, the transition from laboratory testing to large-scale production is challenging. Laboratory irradiation only involves irradiating 10mm*10mm tapes. Due to the limited length of the tapes, heat dissipation is achieved simply by attaching the 10mm*10mm tape to a copper block, allowing for conduction cooling. However, in mass production, the length of superconducting tape is several hundred meters. The difference between mass production of several hundred meters and laboratory production of 10 mm is that the tape is moving during mass production, while the tape is static during laboratory production. For static tape, it is not difficult to firmly attach it to the copper block for heat dissipation, but for dynamically moving tape, the heat dissipation effect of using conduction cooling is only 10 to 20%. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This invention addresses the problems existing in the prior art by proton or hydrogen ion irradiation and proposes a terminal device for superconducting tape irradiation. The purpose is to solve the problem that when using proton or hydrogen ion irradiation for superconducting tape in China, the tape moves forward during mass production, which prevents the tape and the cooling body from being in complete contact. This results in a heat dissipation effect of only 10-20%, leading to heat accumulation and thermal effects that cause the tape to anneal.

[0007] The present invention adopts the following technical solution to solve its technical problem.

[0008] A superconducting tape irradiation terminal such as Figure 1-3 As shown, the superconducting tape irradiation terminal includes a particle irradiation vacuum chamber 2, an unwinding vacuum chamber 3-1, a winding vacuum chamber 3-2, an unwinding transmission device 3-1-1 arranged in the unwinding vacuum chamber, a winding transmission device 3-2-1 arranged in the winding vacuum chamber, and a superconducting tape irradiation target system 4 arranged in the irradiation vacuum chamber 2; the unwinding vacuum chamber 3-1 and the winding vacuum chamber 3-2 are located on both sides of the particle irradiation vacuum chamber 2; the unwinding transmission device 3-1-1 and the winding transmission device 3-2-1 are linkage devices; its characteristics are:

[0009] The superconducting tape irradiation target system 4 includes a superconducting tape support 4-1 made of copper, a water cooling system 4-2, and a back helium cooling system 4-3. The front end face of the superconducting tape support 4-1 is slightly curved, and the slightly curved front end face is in close contact with the superconducting tape 5 to remove the heat generated by the irradiation of the superconducting tape 5. The water cooling system 4-2 uses deionized water to cool the superconducting tape support 4-1. The back helium cooling system 4-3 fills the space between the superconducting tape 5 and the superconducting tape support 4-1 with helium gas to increase convective heat transfer and achieve cooling of the superconducting tape during irradiation.

[0010] Furthermore, the front end face of the superconducting tape support 4-1 is slightly curved, and the curvature is designed to ensure that the superconducting tape support 4-1 and the superconducting tape 5 fit tightly together.

[0011] Furthermore, the slight curvature includes, but is not limited to, the radius of curvature of the front end face of the superconducting tape support 4-1 being 150 cm.

[0012] Furthermore, the back-helium cooling system 4-3 controls the temperature of the superconducting tape between 10-35°C.

[0013] Furthermore, the superconducting tape support 4-1 has cooling water pipe interfaces on its left and right sides, and a row of small helium gas outlet holes 4-1-1 on its upper part. The contact between the superconducting tape 5 and the water cooling system 4-2 is increased through the outlet holes (4-1-1) to achieve the irradiation heat dissipation requirements of the power beam.

[0014] Furthermore, the unwinding drive device 3-1-1 and the winding drive device 3-2-1 control the tension of the superconducting tape 5 to be no greater than 10-20 MPa.

[0015] Furthermore, the speed of the tape take-up and release is continuously adjustable within the range of 0.1-10 m / min.

[0016] Furthermore, the small vents 4-1-1 that discharge helium gas have a spacing of 5 mm and a diameter of 1 mm.

[0017] Furthermore, the width of the superconducting tape support 4-1 is at least 240 mm.

[0018] Furthermore, the vacuum levels of the particle irradiation vacuum chamber 2, the unwinding vacuum chamber 3-1, and the winding vacuum chamber 3-2 are all better than 2.0 × 10⁻³ Pa.

[0019] Advantages and effects of the present invention

[0020] This invention solves the problem encountered in China when using proton or helium ion irradiation of superconducting tapes. It addresses the issue of high flux intensity and incomplete contact between the tape and the cooling body, leading to heat accumulation and thermal effects that cause annealing of the tape. This is achieved by modifying the contact surface between the superconducting tape support and the superconducting tape to a slightly angled arc surface, by arranging a back-helium cooling system on the superconducting tape support, by setting a specific width for the superconducting tape support, and by setting the number, diameter, and spacing of helium pores. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the superconducting tape irradiation terminal device of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a partial enlarged view of the superconducting tape support of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the helium back cooling system of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a front view of the superconducting tape support of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a top view of the superconducting tape support body of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional view of the superconducting tape support of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the application scenario of the superconducting tape irradiation terminal of the present invention;

[0028] In the diagram, 1: Vacuum system; 2: Irradiation vacuum chamber; 3-1: Unwinding vacuum chamber; 3-1-1: Unwinding transmission device; 3-2: Rewinding vacuum chamber; 3-2-1: Rewinding transmission device; 4: Irradiation target system; 4-1: Superconducting tape support; 4-1-1: Helium outlet vent; 4-1-2: Helium storage area; 4-1-3: Helium storage area sealing block; 4-2: Water cooling system; 4-3: Back helium cooling system; 4-3-1: Back helium cooling tube outlet; 5: Beam. Detailed Implementation

[0029] Design principle of the invention

[0030] 1. Design challenges of this invention. The challenge lies in the fact that the superconducting tape is movable, and the tight fit between the movable superconducting tape and the superconducting tape support 4-1 must be consistent with the tight fit between the static superconducting tape and the superconducting tape support 4-1, while also achieving heat dissipation and meeting the requirement that the tape temperature be below 30°C.

[0031] 2. Innovation of this invention. The innovation lies in the combination of conductive cooling and convection cooling. ① The conductive cooling is an "improved" conductive cooling method. The "improved" conductive cooling method changes the shape of the front end face of the superconducting tape support 4-1 from a flat surface to a slightly curved surface. Thus, although the superconducting tape is movable, the curved surface design allows the superconducting tape to adhere more closely to the superconducting tape support 4-1 during movement. Specifically, the positions of the unwinding drive device 3-1-1 and the winding drive device 3-2-1 on both sides also match the curved surface. The result of this matching is that the superconducting tape experiences not only tension but also a pulling force to both sides due to the curved surface, thus compensating for some of the tension caused by the superconducting tape. The invention addresses several issues: 1) The dynamic changes in the material's position lead to insufficient conductive cooling; 2) The combination of conductive and convective cooling: Even when two relatively moving planes are pressed tightly together, they cannot achieve complete contact. Furthermore, the unwinding and rewinding speeds must be optimized for production efficiency. Therefore, this invention adds a row of helium gas vents 4-1-1 on the back of the superconducting tape. As the superconducting tape moves along the curved surface, it is simultaneously subjected to molecular convection through these vents. This combination of conductive and convective cooling achieves the desired heat dissipation effect; 3) The design of the superconducting tape support width. Since the front face of the support has heat dissipation holes, the width of the support determines the heat dissipation area. Although the beam irradiation position of the superconducting tape is fixed, for better heat dissipation, this invention divides the heat dissipation process into two segments. A length is designed on each side of the beam irradiation position of the superconducting tape support, within which multiple helium-filled heat dissipation holes are arranged. The first step involves "pre-cooling" the strip before beam irradiation by using small helium gas outlets to lower its temperature in advance. This way, when the beam irradiates the strip, it adds heat on top of the already low temperature, reducing heat accumulation. Even after the beam irradiates the strip, heat is dissipated through helium air convection, but the heat does not dissipate all at once; there is a process involved. The length of this process depends on whether the temperature of the strip can be controlled below 30°C during the irradiation process.

[0032] Based on the above-mentioned inventive principles, this invention designs a terminal device for irradiating superconducting tapes, such as... Figure 1-6 As shown, the superconducting tape irradiation terminal includes a particle irradiation vacuum chamber 2, an unwinding vacuum chamber 3-1, a winding vacuum chamber 3-2, an unwinding transmission device 3-1-1 arranged in the unwinding vacuum chamber, a winding transmission device 3-2-1 arranged in the winding vacuum chamber, and a superconducting tape irradiation target system 4 arranged in the irradiation vacuum chamber 2; the unwinding vacuum chamber 3-1 and the winding vacuum chamber 3-2 are located on both sides of the particle irradiation vacuum chamber 2; the unwinding transmission device 3-1-1 and the winding transmission device 3-2-1 are linkage devices; its characteristics are:

[0033] The superconducting tape irradiation target system 4 includes a superconducting tape support 4-1 made of copper, a water cooling system 4-2, and a back helium cooling system 4-3. The front end face of the superconducting tape support 4-1 is slightly curved, and the slightly curved front end face is in close contact with the superconducting tape 5 to remove the heat generated by the irradiation of the superconducting tape 5. The water cooling system 4-2 uses deionized water to cool the superconducting tape support 4-1. The back helium cooling system 4-3 fills the space between the superconducting tape 5 and the superconducting tape support 4-1 with helium gas to increase convective heat transfer and achieve cooling of the superconducting tape during irradiation.

[0034] Furthermore, the front end face of the superconducting tape support 4-1 is slightly curved, and the curvature is designed to ensure that the superconducting tape support 4-1 and the superconducting tape 5 fit tightly together.

[0035] Furthermore, the slight curvature includes, but is not limited to, the radius of curvature of the front end face of the superconducting tape support 4-1 being 150 cm.

[0036] Furthermore, the back-helium cooling system 4-3 controls the temperature of the superconducting tape between 10-35°C.

[0037] Furthermore, the superconducting tape support 4-1 has cooling water pipe interfaces on its left and right sides, and a row of small helium gas outlet holes 4-1-1 on its upper part. The contact between the superconducting tape 5 and the water cooling system 4-2 is increased through the outlet holes (4-1-1) to achieve the irradiation heat dissipation requirements of the power beam.

[0038] Furthermore, the unwinding drive device 3-1-1 and the winding drive device 3-2-1 control the tension of the superconducting tape 5 to be no greater than 10-20 MPa.

[0039] Furthermore, the speed of the tape take-up and release is continuously adjustable within the range of 0.1-10 m / min.

[0040] Furthermore, the small vents 4-1-1 that discharge helium gas have a spacing of 5 mm and a diameter of 1 mm.

[0041] Furthermore, the width of the superconducting tape support 4-1 is at least 240 mm.

[0042] Furthermore, the vacuum levels of the particle irradiation vacuum chamber 2, the unwinding vacuum chamber 3-1, and the winding vacuum chamber 3-2 are all better than 2.0 × 10⁻³ Pa.

[0043] Additional notes:

[0044] like Figure 7As shown, the superconducting tape irradiation terminal of this invention is located at one end of a beam transport line, and the other end of the beam transport line is a particle accelerator. The particle accelerator generates a beam of protons or helium ions for irradiation, and this beam of protons or helium ions is transmitted to the superconducting tape irradiation terminal through the beam transport line. This beam of protons or helium ions is as follows... Figure 1 The beam shown is 5.

[0045] Example 1

[0046] A terminal device for irradiating superconducting tape includes a superconducting tape irradiation terminal, a superconducting tape unwinding mechanism, a superconducting tape winding mechanism, and a particle beam transport line.

[0047] The superconducting tape irradiation terminal includes an irradiation terminal vacuum chamber, a superconducting tape irradiation target system, and a vacuum system. The vacuum degree of the vacuum chamber should be better than 2.0×10-3 Pa.

[0048] The superconducting tape irradiation target system includes a superconducting tape support, a water cooling system, and a back helium cooling system. The superconducting tape support, by being in close contact with the superconducting tape, carries away the heat generated by the irradiation of the superconducting tape. The water cooling system uses deionized water to cool the superconducting tape support. The back helium cooling system, by filling helium gas between the superconducting tape and the support, increases convective heat transfer and achieves cooling of the superconducting tape during irradiation, controlling the temperature of the superconducting tape between 10-35℃.

[0049] The superconducting tape support has cooling water pipe interfaces on its left and right sides, a helium inlet at its top, and helium outlet holes with a spacing of 5 mm and a diameter of 1 mm on its convex surface to increase heat transfer between the superconducting tape and the superconducting tape support.

[0050] The superconducting tape unwinding mechanism includes an unwinding vacuum chamber, a vacuum system, and an unwinding servo drive system. The vacuum system maintains a vacuum level in the unwinding vacuum chamber that is better than 5.0 × 10⁻⁴ Pa.

[0051] The superconducting tape winding mechanism includes an unwinding vacuum chamber, a vacuum system, and a winding servo drive system. The vacuum system maintains the vacuum level of the unwinding vacuum chamber to be better than 5.0×10-4 Pa. The winding servo system works in conjunction with the unwinding servo system to maintain a certain tension in the superconducting tape during the winding and unwinding process, and controls the tension of the superconducting tape to be no greater than 1-2 MPa.

[0052] It should be emphasized that the above specific embodiments are merely explanations of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art can make modifications to the above embodiments without contributing any inventive step, but as long as they are within the scope of the claims of the present invention, they are protected by patent law.

Claims

1. A terminal device for irradiating superconducting tape, the superconducting tape irradiation terminal comprising a particle irradiation vacuum chamber (2), an unwinding vacuum chamber (3-1), a winding vacuum chamber (3-2), an unwinding transmission device (3-1-1) disposed in the unwinding vacuum chamber, a winding transmission device (3-2-1) disposed in the winding vacuum chamber, and a superconducting tape irradiation target system (4) disposed in the particle irradiation vacuum chamber (2); the unwinding vacuum chamber (3-1) and the winding vacuum chamber (3-2) are located on both sides of the particle irradiation vacuum chamber (2); the unwinding transmission device (3-1-1) and the winding transmission device (3-2-1) are linkage devices; characterized in that: The superconducting tape irradiation target system (4) includes a superconducting tape support (4-1) made of copper, a water cooling system (4-2), and a back helium cooling system (4-3). The front end face of the superconducting tape support (4-1) is slightly curved, and the slightly curved front end face is in close contact with the superconducting tape (5) to remove the heat generated by the irradiation of the superconducting tape (5). The water cooling system (4-2) uses deionized water to cool the superconducting tape support (4-1). The back helium cooling system (4-3) fills the space between the superconducting tape (5) and the superconducting tape support (4-1) with helium to increase convective heat transfer and achieve cooling of the superconducting tape during irradiation. The front end face of the superconducting tape support (4-1) is slightly curved, and the curvature is designed to allow the superconducting tape support (4-1) to fit tightly with the superconducting tape (5). The slight curvature includes, but is not limited to, the radius of curvature of the front end face of the superconducting tape support (4-1) being 150 cm; The superconducting tape support (4-1) has cooling water pipe interfaces on its left and right sides, and a row of small helium gas outlet holes (4-1-1) on its upper part. The contact between the superconducting tape (5) and the water cooling system (4-2) is increased through the small helium gas outlet holes (4-1-1) to achieve the irradiation heat dissipation requirements of the power beam. The small vents (4-1-1) that discharge helium gas have a spacing of 5 mm and a diameter of 1 mm. The width of the superconducting tape support (4-1) is at least 240 mm.

2. The terminal device for irradiating superconducting tape according to claim 1, characterized in that: The back-helium cooling system (4-3) controls the temperature of the superconducting tape at 10-35℃.

3. The terminal device for irradiating superconducting tape according to claim 1, characterized in that: The unwinding drive (3-1-1) and the winding drive (3-2-1) control the tension of the superconducting tape (5) to be no greater than 10-20 MPa.

4. The terminal device for irradiating superconducting tape according to claim 1, characterized in that: The winding and unwinding speeds are continuously adjustable within the range of 0.1-10 m / min.

5. The terminal device for irradiating superconducting tape according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vacuum levels of the particle irradiation vacuum chamber (2), the unwinding vacuum chamber (3-1), and the winding vacuum chamber (3-2) are all better than 2.0 × 10⁻⁶. -3 Pa.

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