A bolt material taking and tightening head

Abstract

This application relates to a bolt tightening head, comprising a support member, a clamping mechanism, and an adjusting mechanism. The support member has a support hole for inserting the bolt to be installed. A retractable adjusting mechanism is provided within the support hole. The support member has a circumferential groove communicating with the support hole. The clamping mechanism is slidably connected to both the support member and the groove. The clamping mechanism slides towards or away from the adjusting mechanism. The clamping mechanism has an internal thread for engaging the circumferential direction of the bolt to be installed. This application restricts the circumferential rotation of the bolt. The adjusting mechanism, in conjunction with the clamping mechanism, provides a stable fixing force to the bolt, reducing the risk of the bolt loosening or losing its correct position during installation, ensuring the firmness and reliability of the connection. The clamping mechanism can limit the torque or tension of the bolt, preventing over-tightening of the threads and thus protecting the integrity of the threads.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of assembly tools, and more particularly to a bolt take-up and tightening head. Background Technology

[0002] Bolts are commonly used in batches for assembling various instruments and equipment. Operators use wrenches to install bolts one by one onto the corresponding workpieces. This manual bolt-holding process is slow and cannot meet the requirements of efficient production. Influenced by the operator's hand-eye coordination and operating skills, the clamping force and clamping position may be unstable, causing the bolt to be subjected to varying pressures during fixing, potentially leading to bolt deformation, wear, or damage. Operators often struggle to accurately control the clamping force, easily resulting in over- or under-clamping. Over-clamping can damage the threads, cause excessive compression, or even bolt breakage, while under-clamping can lead to loosening or insecure fixing, easily resulting in poor fit between the bolt threads and the bolt hole, leading to incomplete bolt fixing or thread damage, making the bolt fixing quality unreliable. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to protect the threads of bolts, this application provides a bolt take-up and tightening head.

[0004] The bolt material taking and tightening head provided in this application adopts the following technical solution:

[0005] A bolt loading and tightening head includes a support member, a clamping mechanism, and an adjusting mechanism. The support member has a support hole for inserting a bolt to be installed. The support hole has a retractable adjusting mechanism. The support member has a circumferential groove communicating with the support hole. The clamping mechanism is slidably connected to the support member and the groove of the support member. The clamping mechanism and the groove slide toward or away from the adjusting mechanism. The clamping mechanism has an internal thread for engaging the circumferential direction of the bolt to be installed.

[0006] By adopting the above technical solution, the bolt to be installed is inserted into the support hole and abuts against the adjusting mechanism, thereby restricting the axial movement of the bolt. The clamping mechanism moves towards the bolt to be installed and clamps the bolt circumferentially. The internal thread of the clamping mechanism meshes with the external thread of the bolt, thereby restricting the circumferential rotation of the bolt. The adjusting mechanism, in conjunction with the clamping mechanism, provides a stable fixing force to the bolt, reducing the risk of the bolt loosening or losing its correct position during installation, ensuring the firmness and reliability of the connection. The clamping mechanism can limit the torque or tension of the bolt, avoiding over-tightening of the threads, thereby protecting the integrity of the threads. Compared with manually fixing bolts, the clamp can complete the installation task faster, improve work efficiency, ensure the correct installation and fixing of bolts, improve the quality of assembly, ensure that each bolt is limited to the same position and force, and improve the consistency and repeatability of the assembly.

[0007] Optionally, the adjustment mechanism includes an adjustment spring and an adjustment shaft. The adjustment shaft is slidably connected to the support hole, and one end of the adjustment spring is fixedly connected to the bottom of the support hole, while the other end is fixedly connected to the adjustment shaft.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, the bolt to be installed abuts against the adjusting shaft, squeezing the adjusting spring. The adjusting spring is compressed, so that the bolt to be installed has a certain displacement in the support hole. The internal thread side of the clamping mechanism and the external thread of the bolt to be installed can adaptively mesh, reducing the clamping mechanism squeezing the external thread of the bolt, thereby reducing the risk of plastic deformation, wear or breakage of the external thread.

[0009] Optionally, the clamping mechanism is provided in two sets, and the two sets of clamping mechanisms move in opposite or opposite directions.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, bolts of different sizes and shapes can be accommodated. Whether small or large, the clamps can effectively hold the bolts, reducing errors caused by human operation and ensuring proper clamping and fixing. This precisely clamps the bolts and secures them in the required position. This helps improve assembly accuracy and quality. The pressure exerted on the bolts by the two clamping mechanisms is balanced, reducing the risk of bolt breakage due to concentrated external forces.

[0011] Optionally, the end face of the support member is connected to a bracket, the clamping mechanism includes a transition member and a transition spring, one end of the transition spring is supported and the other end is connected to the transition member, the central axis of the transition spring is perpendicular to the central axis of the support member, the transition member is connected to a jaw, the jaw is slidably connected to a slide groove, and the internal thread is provided on the side of the jaw facing the adjustment mechanism.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, bolts of different sizes and shapes can be clamped by the contraction and extension of the transition spring, which has good flexibility and adaptability. The elastic force of the transition spring can make the clamping force of the jaws on the bolt evenly distributed on the surface of the bolt, thereby avoiding stress concentration that could cause deformation or damage to the bolt. The clamping mechanism has a small size and volume, making it suitable for clamping operations in limited spaces to save space and make the overall structure of the device compact and adaptable to different working environments.

[0013] Optionally, a slide rail and a slider are provided between the support member and the transition member. The slide rail is connected to one of the support member or the transition member, and the slider is connected to the other. The slider is slidably connected to the slide rail, and the slide rail is oriented towards the adjustment mechanism.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, the gripper can provide precise positioning and guidance, ensuring that the gripper accurately clamps the bolt, improving the accuracy and quality of assembly, distributing the clamping force evenly on the bolt, avoiding deformation or damage caused by concentrated stress, reducing errors in human operation, ensuring that the bolt will not slip or be damaged during clamping, and increasing the safety of operators.

[0015] Optionally, the top of the support member is provided with a transmission mechanism, which is slidably connected to the support member. The transmission mechanism includes a transmission end cover, several guide rods and several rollers. The guide rods are slidably connected to the support member. One end of each guide rod is connected to the transmission end cover, and the other end is rotatably connected to the roller. The side of the transition member away from the transition spring is provided with a guide slope that is inclined toward the direction away from the adjustment mechanism. The circumferential direction of the roller abuts against the guide slope.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, during the process of the transmission end cover moving towards the support component, the roller rolls relative to the guide slope, the external force on the transition spring is reduced, the transition spring is extended, and the transition component drives the gripper to move in the direction closer to the bolt, which makes it easier for the operator to accurately control the gripper to hold the bolt.

[0017] Optionally, the gripper has a groove on the side facing away from the internal thread, the support has a limiting ring and several connecting rods, one end of the several connecting rods is connected to the support and the other end is connected to the limiting ring, the connecting rods are slidably connected to the support, and the inner wall of the limiting ring is slidably connected to the groove.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, during the process of the transmission end cover moving towards the support member, the transmission end cover drives the limiting ring to slide in the groove. The limiting ring has a limiting effect on the gripper, avoiding the risk of the gripper and the transition member detaching from the transition spring, thus improving the safety of the device.

[0019] Optionally, the gripper has a boss on the side facing away from the internal thread, and the boss is located on the moving path of the limiting ring.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, the limiting ring moves with the transmission end cover and abuts against the boss of the clamp. The limiting ring restricts the clamp from opening, ensuring that the internal thread of the clamp and the external thread of the bolt can be tightly engaged, reducing the risk of the bolt loosening or wearing during installation.

[0021] Optionally, the angle of the guide ramp is 45°.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, the distance the gripper moves toward the bolt is the same as the stroke of the gripper relative to the limiting ring, ensuring that the boss can abut against the inner wall of the limiting ring when the gripper is holding the bolt, thus ensuring the limiting effect of the entire device on the bolt.

[0023] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0024] 1. The bolt to be installed is inserted into the support hole and abuts against the adjusting mechanism, thereby restricting the axial movement of the bolt. The clamping mechanism moves toward the bolt to be installed and clamps the bolt circumferentially. The internal thread of the clamping mechanism meshes with the external thread of the bolt, thereby restricting the circumferential rotation of the bolt. The adjusting mechanism, in conjunction with the clamping mechanism, provides a stable fixing force to the bolt, reducing the risk of the bolt loosening or losing its correct position during installation, ensuring the firmness and reliability of the connection. The clamping mechanism can limit the torque or tension of the bolt, preventing over-tightening of the threads, thereby protecting the integrity of the threads. Compared with manually fixing bolts, the clamp can complete the installation task faster, improve work efficiency, ensure the correct installation and fixing of bolts, improve the quality of assembly, ensure that each bolt is limited to the same position and force, and improve the consistency and repeatability of the assembly.

[0025] 2. The bolt to be installed abuts against the adjusting shaft, squeezing the adjusting spring. The adjusting spring is compressed, so that the bolt to be installed has a certain displacement in the support hole. The internal thread side of the clamping mechanism and the external thread of the bolt to be installed can self-adaptively engage, reducing the clamping mechanism squeezing the external thread of the bolt, thereby reducing the risk of plastic deformation, wear or breakage of the external thread.

[0026] 3. The guide jaws provide precise positioning and guidance, ensuring that the jaws accurately clamp the bolts, improving the accuracy and quality of assembly, distributing the clamping force evenly on the bolts, avoiding deformation or damage caused by concentrated stress, reducing errors in human operation, ensuring that the bolts will not slip or be damaged during clamping, and increasing the safety of operators. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a bolt taking and tightening head according to this application.

[0028] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of a bolt taking and tightening head according to this application.

[0029] Figure 3 This is an exploded structural diagram of the transmission mechanism of this application.

[0030] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the clamping mechanism of this application.

[0031] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the clamping state of a bolt taking and tightening head according to this application.

[0032] Figure 6 This is a structural schematic diagram of the support component of this application.

[0033] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0034] 100. Transmission mechanism; 110. Transmission shaft; 111. First shaft section; 112. Second shaft section; 113. Transmission through groove; 120. Transmission end cover; 121. Transmission disc; 122. Transmission cylinder; 123. Through hole; 124. Limiting hole; 130. Pin; 140. Restricting ring; 150. Connecting rod; 200. Guide mechanism; 210. Guide rod; 220. Roller; 300. Clamping mechanism; 310. Transition component; 311. Guide ramp; 312. Guide plane; 320. Transition spring; 330. Slide rail; 340. Slider; 350. Gripper; 351. Groove; 352. Boss; 353. Internal thread; 400. Support component; 410. Support plate; 420. Support cylinder; 430. Support hole; 440. Slide groove; 450. Bracket; 500. Adjustment mechanism; 510. Adjustment spring; 520. Adjustment shaft; 600. Bolt. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0036] This application discloses a bolt taking and tightening head.

[0037] Reference Figure 1 The bolt feeding and tightening head includes a support member 400, a transmission mechanism 100, and a guide mechanism 200. The support member 400 is slidably connected to a clamping mechanism 300. The transmission mechanism 100 is fixedly connected to the guide mechanism 200. The guide mechanism 200 is slidably connected to the support member 400. The guide mechanism 200 and the clamping mechanism 300 are connected by transmission to control the opening or closing of the clamping mechanism 300 and to clamp the bolt 600 to be installed.

[0038] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3The transmission mechanism 100 includes a transmission shaft 110, a transmission end cover 120, and a pin 130. The transmission shaft 110 includes a first shaft section 111 and a second shaft section 112. The first shaft section 111 is used to connect the piston rod of a cylinder (not shown in the figure). The diameter of the first shaft section 111 is larger than the diameter of the second shaft section 112. The first shaft section 111 and the second shaft section 112 are coaxially and fixedly connected. The second shaft section 112 is provided with a transmission through groove 113, which is arranged along the length direction of the second shaft section 112. The transmission end cover 120 includes a transmission disc 121 and a transmission cylinder 122. The transmission cylinder 122 is fixedly connected to the end face of the transmission disc 121, and the central axis of the transmission cylinder 122 is collinear with the central axis of the transmission disc 121. The transmission cylinder 122 is provided with a through hole 123 that mates with the second shaft section 112. The second shaft section 112 and the transmission cylinder 122 are slidably connected. A limiting hole 124 is provided at one end of the transmission cylinder 122 near the transmission shaft 110. The limiting hole 124 communicates with the through hole 123, and the central axis of the limiting hole 124 is perpendicular to the central axis of the through hole 123. When the second shaft section 112 slides into the transmission cylinder 122, the pin 130 slides into the through hole 123 and the transmission through groove 113. The piston rod of the cylinder extends, causing the transmission shaft 110 to slide relative to the transmission end cover 120. When the end face of the first shaft section 111 abuts against the end face of the transmission cylinder 122, the transmission shaft 110 drives the transmission end cover 120 to continue moving.

[0039] Reference Figure 4 A guiding mechanism 200 is connected to the end of the transmission end cover 120 opposite to the transmission shaft 110. The guiding mechanism 200 includes several guide rods 210 and several rollers 220. One end of each guide rod 210 is fixedly connected to the end face of the transmission end cover 120, and the other end of each guide rod 210 has a receiving groove. The rollers 220 are rotatably connected to the receiving grooves, and the circumferential portions of the rollers 220 protrude from the guide rods 210. In this embodiment, there are two guide rods 210, which are symmetrically distributed about the center of the rotating end face. In other embodiments, there may be four or six guide rods 210, which are evenly distributed along the diameter of the rotating disk, or they may be arranged in a circular array around the center of the rotating disk. One guide rod 210 rotatably connects to two rollers 220, and the rotation axes of the two rollers 220 are parallel. The circumferential portions of the two rollers 220 protrude from the guide rods 210 in opposite directions.

[0040] The support member 400 includes a support disk 410 and a support cylinder 420. The support cylinder 420 is fixedly connected to the side of the support disk 410 away from the rotating disk. The support cylinder 420 is provided with a support hole 430, which is a blind hole in this embodiment. An adjustment mechanism 500 is provided inside the support cylinder. The adjustment mechanism 500 includes an adjustment spring 510 and an adjustment shaft 520. The adjustment shaft 520 is slidably connected to the support hole 430. One end of the adjustment spring 510 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the blind hole, and the other end is fixedly connected to the adjustment shaft 520.

[0041] The support cylinder 420 is provided with a plurality of sliding grooves 440 in the circumferential direction. The plurality of sliding grooves 440 are arranged parallel to each other along the length direction of the support cylinder 420. The sliding grooves 440 are connected to the support hole 430 so as to allow the clamping mechanism 300 to slide.

[0042] The clamping mechanism 300 is disposed on the side of the support member 400 facing away from the transmission end cover 120. The support member 400 is provided with a bracket 450 for supporting the clamping assembly. The bracket 450 has a clearance hole. In this embodiment, there are two brackets 450. The brackets 450 are distributed on both sides of the support cylinder. The two clearance holes are arranged opposite to each other. The clearance hole, the slide groove 440 and the support hole 430 are connected.

[0043] The clamping mechanism 300 includes a transition member 310 and a transition spring 320. The transition member 310 is slidably connected to the bracket 450 through a clearance hole. One end of the transition spring 320 is fixedly connected to the transition bracket 450, and the other end is fixedly connected to the transition member 310. The roller 220 abuts against the transition member 310. A slide rail 330 and a slider 340 are provided between the transition member 310 and the support plate 410. The slide rail 330 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the support plate 410 and is positioned from the circumference of the support plate 410 toward the central axis of the support plate 410. The slider 340 is fixedly connected to the top of the transition member 310 and is slidably connected to the slide rail 330. A gripper 350 is fixedly connected to the side of the transition member 310 away from the support plate 410. The slider 340 slides relative to the slide rail 330, thereby causing the gripper 350 to translate in a direction closer to or away from the central axis of the support cylinder 420.

[0044] The transition piece 310 has a guide slope 311 and a guide plane 312 on the side away from the bracket 450. The guide plane 312 is parallel to the plane in which the roller 220 moves and is tangent to the circumference of the roller 220. The guide slope 311 is located on the side of the guide plane 312 away from the support plate 410 and is inclined in the direction away from the support cylinder 420. In this embodiment, the angle of the guide slope 311 is 45°, so that the strokes of the components of the clamping mechanism 300 can be adapted to each other. When the roller 220 moves downward with the guide rod 210, it rolls from the guide plane 312 to the guide slope 311. The transition spring 320 extends, and the transition member 310 drives the gripper 350 to translate towards the central axis of the support cylinder 420. When the roller 220 moves upward with the guide rod 210, it rolls from the guide slope 311 to the guide plane 312. The transition spring 320 contracts, and the transition member 310 drives the gripper 350 to translate away from the central axis of the support cylinder 420, thereby controlling the movement of the gripper 350. In this embodiment, the transition member 310 is provided with two sets of guide planes 312 and two sets of guide slopes 311 for the two sets of rollers 220, so that the pressure on the transition member 310 is more uniform during the movement of the rollers 220.

[0045] Reference Figure 5 and Figure 6 The transmission disc 121 is provided with a limiting ring 140 and several connecting rods 150 on the side opposite to the transmission shaft 110. The limiting ring 140 is located on the side of the support disc 410 opposite to the transmission disc 121. One end of the connecting rod 150 is fixedly connected to the transmission disc 121, and the other end is fixedly connected to the limiting ring 140. The connecting rod 150 is slidably connected to the support disc 410.

[0046] The gripper 350 has an internal thread 353 on the side facing the support cylinder 420 for engaging the bolt 600 to be installed. The gripper 350 has a groove 351 and a boss 352 on the side away from the support cylinder 420. The groove 351 allows the gripper 350 to be recessed inward to provide space for the limiting ring 140 to slide along the length of the gripper 350. The boss 352 is located away from the support plate 410. The groove 351 and the boss 352 are smoothly transitioned by a slope or curved surface.

[0047] The direction in which the transmission disc 121 moves toward the support disc 410 is considered downward, and the direction in which the transmission disc 121 moves away from the support disc 410 is considered upward.

[0048] The implementation principle of this embodiment is as follows: This application has at least three working strokes for the bolt 600: gripping, tightening, and retracting.

[0049] Grabbing stroke: Bolt 600 is inserted into support hole 430 and abuts against adjusting shaft 520, compressing adjusting spring 510; external cylinder drives transmission disc 121 to slide downward via transmission shaft 110, connecting rod 150 slides relative to support disc 410, transmission disc 121 drives limiting ring 140 and roller 220 to move downward as a whole, during this process, roller 220 rolls from guide plane 312 to guide slope 311, the external force on transition spring 320 decreases, transition spring 320 extends slider 340 and slides relative to slide rail 330 toward the central axis of support cylinder 420. The transition block causes the gripper 350 to slide towards the central axis of the support cylinder 420, and the internal thread 353 of the gripper 350 engages with the bolt 600 to be installed. At the same time, the limiting ring 140 slides in the groove 351 and abuts against the boss 352, thereby limiting the opening of the gripper 350. The adjusting shaft 520 limits the axial movement of the bolt 600, and the gripper 350 limits the axial rotation of the bolt 600. The two grippers 350 tighten and clamp, and the limiting ring further strengthens the limiting effect of the gripper 350. The adjusting shaft 520, the gripper 350 and the limiting ring 140 work together to limit and fasten the bolt 600.

[0050] Tightening stroke: The rotation of the support plate 410 drives the entire device to rotate, tightening the bolts 600 to be installed to the corresponding positions.

[0051] Return stroke: The external cylinder drives the transmission disc 121 to slide upward via the transmission shaft 110. The connecting rod 150 slides relative to the support disc 410. The transmission disc 121 drives the limiting ring 140 and the roller 220 to move upward as a whole. During this process, the roller 220 rolls from the guide slope 311 to the guide plane 312. The external force on the transition spring 320 increases, and the transition spring 320 contracts. The slider 340 slides relative to the slide rail 330 in a direction away from the central axis of the support cylinder 420. As a result, the transition block drives the gripper 350 to slide in a direction away from the central axis of the support cylinder 420. The internal thread 353 of the gripper 350 separates from the bolt 600 to be installed. At the same time, the limiting ring 140 disengages from the boss 352 and slides into the groove 351, allowing the gripper 350 to open or close freely. Quickly remove the entire device to complete the installation.

[0052] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A bolt feeding and tightening head, characterized in that: The device includes a support member (400), a clamping mechanism (300), and an adjusting mechanism (500). The support member (400) has a support hole (430) for inserting a bolt (600) to be installed. The support hole (430) is provided with a retractable adjusting mechanism (500). The support member (400) has a circumferential groove (440) communicating with the support hole (430). The clamping mechanism (300) is slidably connected to the support member (400) and the groove (440) of the support member (400). The clamping mechanism (300) and the groove (440) slide toward or away from the adjusting mechanism (500). The clamping mechanism (300) has an internal thread (353) for engaging the bolt (600) to be installed in the circumferential direction. The end face of the support member (400) is connected to a bracket (450). The clamping mechanism (300) includes a transition member (310) and a transition spring (320). One end of the transition spring (320) is supported by the bracket (450), and the other end is connected to the transition member (310). The central axis of the transition spring (320) is perpendicular to the central axis of the support member (400). The transition member (310) is connected to a jaw (350). The jaw (350) is slidably connected to a slide groove (440). The internal thread (353) is provided on the side of the jaw (350) facing the adjusting mechanism (500). The gripper (350) has a groove (351) on the side opposite to the internal thread (353), the support member (400) has a limiting ring (140) and a plurality of connecting rods (150), one end of the plurality of connecting rods (150) is connected to the support member (400) and the other end is connected to the limiting ring (140), the connecting rods (150) are slidably connected to the support member (400), and the inner wall of the limiting ring (140) is slidably connected to the groove (351); The gripper (350) has a boss (352) on the side opposite to the internal thread (353), and the boss (352) is located on the moving path of the limiting ring (140).

2. The bolt taking and tightening head according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustment mechanism (500) includes an adjustment spring (510) and an adjustment shaft (520). The adjustment shaft (520) is slidably connected to the support hole (430). One end of the adjustment spring (510) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the support hole (430), and the other end is fixedly connected to the adjustment shaft (520).

3. The bolt taking and tightening head according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping mechanism (300) is provided in two sets, and the two sets of clamping mechanisms (300) move in opposite or opposite directions.

4. The bolt taking and tightening head according to claim 1, characterized in that: A slide rail (330) and a slider (340) are provided between the support member (400) and the transition member (310). The slide rail (330) is connected to either the support member (400) or the transition member (310), and the slider (340) is connected to the other. The slider (340) is slidably connected to the slide rail (330), and the slide rail (330) is arranged towards the adjustment mechanism (500).

5. The bolt taking and tightening head according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the support member (400) is provided with a transmission mechanism (100), which is slidably connected to the support member (400). The transmission mechanism (100) includes a transmission end cover (120), a plurality of guide rods (210) and a plurality of rollers (220). The guide rods (210) are slidably connected to the support member (400). One end of the plurality of guide rods (210) is connected to the transmission end cover (120), and the other end is rotatably connected to the rollers (220). The side of the transition member (310) away from the transition spring (320) is provided with a guide slope (311) that is inclined toward the direction away from the adjustment mechanism (500). The circumferential direction of the rollers (220) abuts against the guide slope (311).

6. The bolt taking and tightening head according to claim 5, characterized in that: The angle of the guide slope (311) is 45°.

Images