Scattering medium fiber and speckle spectrometer

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of scattering medium optical fiber and speckle spectrometer.The scattering medium optical fiber includes optical fiber body and scattering medium, the scattering medium is coated on the surface of part of the optical fiber body, or, the scattering medium is connected in the extension direction of the end of the optical fiber body;The scattering medium includes two or more scattering regions in the propagation direction of optical path, the light attenuation coefficient of each scattering region is different, and the difference between the maximum light attenuation coefficient and the minimum light attenuation coefficient is 2dB / mm-60dB / mm.The scattering medium in the present application sets scattering region with different light attenuation coefficients on the optical path of incident light, realizes the spectral regulation of different regions, and separates light of different wavelengths in space.Further, using the scattering medium optical fiber of the present application in speckle spectrometer, through the idea of hierarchical spectral random regulation, the randomness of speckle pattern is enhanced, the excellent spectral resolution performance is achieved while realizing the miniaturization of spectrometer, and cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of spectral data acquisition technology, and in particular to scattering medium optical fiber and speckle spectrometer. Background Technology

[0002] Spectrometers are essential fundamental optical analytical instruments with significant applications in scientific research and industry, such as physical and biochemical sensing, materials analysis, and light source characterization. Furthermore, spectrometers are becoming increasingly integrated and miniaturized. Currently, commonly used spectrometers mainly include random spectrometers and speckle spectrometers. The working principle of a random spectrometer is that transmitted light passes through a disordered system to form a speckle pattern, which is used to uniquely identify the wavelength of the probe signal. The advantage of random spectrometers is that the use of a disordered system can enhance the spectral decorrelation of the speckle pattern. However, this type of random spectrometer also has a drawback: its diffusion system has a low total transmittance, causing most of the input signal to be reflected, resulting in low sensitivity.

[0003] In speckle speckle spectrometers, fiber-optic scattering elements are commonly used. Currently, these elements primarily consist of multimode fiber, single-mode fiber, or a combination of single-mode fiber and a random medium. However, due to the limited number of guiding modes, multimode fiber-based spectrometers are typically constrained by a trade-off between resolution and bandwidth. They often require several meters of multimode fiber to achieve picometer-level spectral resolution. Using principal component analysis, multimode fiber-based speckle spectrometers can only achieve femtometer and attometer-level resolutions within limited bandwidth. In speckle spectrometers using single-mode fiber and random medium connections, the random medium is often an integrating sphere or a random scatterer, which is relatively large and cannot achieve good integration and miniaturization.

[0004] Therefore, achieving high precision, low cost, and miniaturization in spectrometers remains a challenge. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a scattering medium fiber and a speckle spectrometer to address the above problems. The speckle spectrometer achieves excellent spectral resolution while also having the advantages of low cost and small size.

[0006] According to one aspect of the present invention, a scattering medium optical fiber is provided, comprising an optical fiber body and a scattering medium, wherein the scattering medium covers a portion of the surface of the optical fiber body, or the scattering medium is connected to the extension direction of the end of the optical fiber;

[0007] The scattering medium includes two or more scattering regions in the direction of optical propagation. Each scattering region has a different optical attenuation coefficient, and the difference between the maximum and minimum optical attenuation coefficient is 2dB / mm to 60dB / mm.

[0008] In one embodiment, the difference between the maximum and minimum optical attenuation coefficients is 4 dB / mm to 30 dB / mm.

[0009] In one embodiment, the light attenuation coefficient of the scattering medium increases or decreases sequentially in the direction of light propagation.

[0010] In one embodiment, the scattering medium includes a polymer matrix and micro / nano scattering particles dispersed in the polymer matrix, wherein the volume doping concentration of the micro / nano scattering particles in the scattering medium increases or decreases sequentially in the direction of optical propagation.

[0011] And / or, the particle size of the micro-nano scattering particles in the scattering medium increases or decreases sequentially in the direction of optical propagation;

[0012] And / or, the light attenuation coefficient of the micro-nano scattering particles in the scattering medium increases or decreases sequentially in the direction of light propagation.

[0013] In one embodiment, the volume doping concentration of the micro / nano scattering particles in the scattering medium is 0.01 vol.% to 20 vol.%.

[0014] And / or, the particle size of the micro-nano scattering particles in the scattering medium is 0.01 μm to 100 μm.

[0015] In one embodiment, the volume doping concentration of the micro / nano scattering particles in the scattering medium is 0.1 vol.% to 10 vol.%.

[0016] In one embodiment, the polymer matrix is ​​selected from at least one of polydimethylsiloxane, polyethylene matrix, polypropylene matrix, polyester matrix, polyamide matrix, polymethyl methacrylate matrix, fluorinated polymethyl methacrylate matrix, polystyrene matrix, polyvinylidene fluoride matrix, polyurethane matrix, and polyethylene terephthalate matrix.

[0017] And / or, the micro / nano scattering particles are inorganic micro / nano particles, wherein the inorganic micro / nano particles are selected from at least one of silicon dioxide particles, titanium dioxide particles, aluminum oxide particles, magnesium oxide particles, calcium fluoride particles, magnesium fluoride particles, and lithium fluoride particles.

[0018] In one embodiment, when the scattering medium covers a portion of the optical fiber body, the thickness of the scattering medium is 80 μm to 250 μm;

[0019] When the scattering medium is connected to the extension direction of the end of the optical fiber body, the diameter of the scattering medium is 1 μm to 600 μm.

[0020] In one embodiment, the length of the scattering medium is 3 mm to 4 mm.

[0021] According to a second aspect of the present invention, a speckle spectrometer is provided, comprising a preset calibration system, a light source, a multimode fiber, a fiber polarizer, a polarization-maintaining fiber, a scattering medium fiber, an area array detector, and a computer;

[0022] The preset calibration system is used to acquire preset calibration information;

[0023] The light source is used to provide incident light;

[0024] In the optical path of the incident light, the multimode fiber, the fiber polarizer, the polarization-maintaining fiber, and the scattering medium fiber are connected in sequence.

[0025] The area array detector is parallel to the scattering medium optical fiber and located in the scattering pattern direction of the scattering medium, and is used to receive and record scattering pattern information and transmit the scattering pattern information to the computer;

[0026] The computer performs spectral reconstruction calculations based on preset calibration information to obtain the spectrum;

[0027] The scattering medium fiber is selected from the above-mentioned scattering medium fiber.

[0028] The scattering medium fiber of this invention comprises an optical fiber body and a scattering medium. The scattering medium has two or more scattering regions with different light attenuation coefficients, enabling spectral modulation in different regions. Therefore, when incident light enters the scattering medium fiber, the scattering medium can spatially separate light of different wavelengths, enhancing spectral resolution. Furthermore, by using the scattering medium fiber of this invention in a speckle speckle spectrometer, the randomness of the speckle pattern is enhanced through a hierarchical spectral random modulation approach. This achieves excellent spectral resolution while simultaneously enabling spectrometer miniaturization and cost reduction. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a scattering medium optical fiber according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a scattering medium optical fiber according to another embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 The optical attenuation spectrum of the scattering medium prepared in Example 1 of this invention;

[0032] Figure 4 The optical attenuation spectrum of the scattering medium prepared in Example 2 of this invention;

[0033] Figure 5This is a schematic diagram of the particle size gradient distribution of the titanium dioxide scattering medium particles prepared in Example 3 of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 6 The optical attenuation spectrum of the scattering medium prepared in Example 3 of this invention;

[0035] Figure 7 The optical attenuation spectrum of the scattering medium prepared in Example 4 of this invention;

[0036] Figure 8 The optical attenuation spectrum of the scattering medium prepared in Example 5 of this invention;

[0037] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the speckle speckle spectrometer prepared in Example 6 of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 10 This is a comparison of the speckle spectrometer prepared in Example 6 of the present invention with the spectral results measured by a commercially available spectrometer.

[0039] Figure 11 This is a comparison of the speckle spectrometer prepared in Example 7 of the present invention with the spectral results measured by a commercially available spectrometer.

[0040] Figure 12 This is a comparison of the speckle spectrometer prepared in Example 8 of the present invention with the spectral results measured by a commercially available spectrometer.

[0041] Figure 13 The speckle speckle spectrometer prepared in Example 9 of the present invention is compared with the spectral results measured by a commercially available spectrometer.

[0042] Figure 14 The speckle speckle spectrometer prepared in Example 10 of this invention is compared with the spectral results measured by a commercially available spectrometer.

[0043] In the diagram, 10 is the light source; 20 is the multimode fiber; 30 is the fiber polarizer; 40 is the polarization-maintaining fiber; 50 is the scattering medium fiber; 60 is the area array detector; 70 is the computer; 501 is the fiber body; and 502 is the scattering medium. Detailed Implementation

[0044] To facilitate understanding of the present invention, it will be described in more detail below. However, it should be understood that the present invention can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments or examples described herein. Rather, these embodiments or examples are provided to provide a thorough and complete understanding of the disclosure of the present invention.

[0045] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments or examples only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention.

[0046] In this invention, numerical ranges are involved. Unless otherwise specified, the numerical ranges are considered continuous and include the minimum and maximum values ​​of the range, as well as every value between the minimum and maximum values. Furthermore, when the range refers to integers, it includes every integer between the minimum and maximum values ​​of the range. Additionally, when multiple ranges are provided to describe features or characteristics, the ranges may be merged. In other words, unless otherwise specified, all ranges disclosed herein should be understood to include any and all subranges to which they are included.

[0047] According to a first aspect of the present invention, a scattering medium optical fiber is provided, comprising an optical fiber body and a scattering medium, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the scattering medium 502 covers part of the surface of the optical fiber body 501. When covering, the circumferential surface of the optical fiber body can be partially covered or completely covered. The incident light leaks through the optical fiber to the scattering medium 502 and is then scattered by the scattering medium 502 to form a speckle pattern.

[0048] Or, such as Figure 2 As shown, the scattering medium 502 is connected to the extension direction of the end of the optical fiber body 501. The incident light is transmitted from inside the optical fiber to the scattering medium 502, and the light is scattered by the scattering medium 502 to form a speckle pattern.

[0049] The scattering medium 502 in this invention includes two or more scattering regions along the propagation direction of the light path. Each scattering region has a different light attenuation coefficient, and the difference between the maximum and minimum light attenuation coefficients ranges from 2 dB / mm to 60 dB / mm. By setting scattering regions with different light attenuation coefficients in the scattering medium 502, the incident light is spatially separated by a certain difference through spectral modulation in different regions, thereby spatially separating light of different wavelengths. This allows light of different wavelengths to be scattered to different detection units at different proportions. The detection information on each detection unit constructs a set of light intensity signals, thereby obtaining a high-resolution speckle pattern. Since there is a one-to-one correspondence between the incident light wavelength and the speckle pattern, wavelength information can be obtained by identifying the speckle.

[0050] To enhance the separation effect of light of different wavelengths, this invention sets a difference in the light attenuation coefficient in the scattering region. Optionally, the difference between the maximum and minimum light attenuation coefficients can be any value or a range between any two values ​​from 2dB / mm, 5dB / mm, 8dB / mm, 10dB / mm, 20dB / mm, 30dB / mm, to 60dB / mm. Preferably, the difference between the maximum and minimum light attenuation coefficients is between 4dB / mm and 30dB / mm.

[0051] The scattering medium optical fiber 50 in this invention can be prepared by the following three methods:

[0052] Method 1:

[0053] A mixture containing micro-nano scattering particles and polymer matrix material is coated onto the surface of a regular single-mode fiber or a micro-nano fiber and then cured to obtain a scattering medium fiber 50 in which the scattering medium 502 is coated on part of the surface of the fiber body 501.

[0054] Method 2:

[0055] A mixture containing micro-nano scattering particles and polymer matrix material is cured and shredded to obtain a scattering medium segment;

[0056] The scattering medium segment is then connected to the extension direction of the end of the optical fiber body to obtain a scattering medium fiber 50 with the scattering medium 502 connected to the end of the optical fiber body 501.

[0057] Method 3:

[0058] A saturated solution containing micro-nano scattering particles and a polymer matrix material is prepared. One end of the optical fiber body 501 is immersed in the saturated solution and cured to obtain a scattering medium optical fiber with a scattering medium 502 connected to the end of the optical fiber body 501 in the extension direction.

[0059] The method for preparing the scattering medium fiber 50 is not limited to the above-mentioned method. Alternatively, the scattering medium 502 can be prepared by melting and extruding a mixture of micro-nano scattering particles and organic matrix material, and then the scattering medium 502 can be connected to the end of the fiber body 501 to obtain the scattering medium fiber 50.

[0060] Specifically, the micro / nano scattering particles are inorganic micro / nano particles, and the inorganic micro / nano particles selected in this invention have different light attenuation coefficients for the light source. Preferably, the inorganic micro / nano particles of this invention are selected from at least one of silicon dioxide particles, titanium dioxide particles, aluminum oxide particles, magnesium oxide particles, calcium fluoride particles, magnesium fluoride particles, and lithium fluoride particles.

[0061] The polymer matrix is ​​selected from at least one of polydimethylsiloxane, polyethylene matrix, polypropylene matrix, polyester matrix, polyamide matrix, polymethyl methacrylate matrix, fluorinated polymethyl methacrylate matrix, polystyrene matrix, polyvinylidene fluoride matrix, polyurethane matrix, and polyethylene terephthalate matrix.

[0062] In one embodiment, any adjacent scattering regions of the scattering medium 502 have a difference in optical attenuation coefficient. The change in optical attenuation coefficient along the incident light path can be disordered; for example, the optical attenuation coefficient of the first refractive region is 5 dB / mm, the optical attenuation coefficient of the second refractive region is 25 dB / mm, and the optical attenuation coefficient of the third refractive region is 15 dB / mm. Preferably, the change in optical attenuation coefficient along the incident light path is ordered; for example, the optical attenuation coefficient of the scattering medium 502 increases or decreases sequentially along the propagation direction of the light path. This invention sets the change in optical attenuation coefficient to be ordered, creating a gradient difference in the optical attenuation coefficients of different wavelengths of light in different scattering regions, thus allowing different wavelengths of light to have different optimal spectral resolution regions.

[0063] The scattering medium 502 in this invention includes a polymer matrix and micro / nano scattering particles dispersed in the polymer matrix. To ensure that the light attenuation coefficient of the scattering medium 502 increases or decreases sequentially along the propagation direction of the light path, three methods are provided:

[0064] The first method is as follows: Since the volume doping concentration of micro-nano scattering particles is different, the light attenuation coefficient of incident light is different. Therefore, the different volume doping concentrations of the micro-nano scattering particles are sequentially increased or decreased in the direction of light propagation.

[0065] Optionally, the fabrication method of the scattering medium optical fiber based on the increasing or decreasing volume doping concentration is as follows:

[0066] Micro-nano scattering particles and polymer matrix materials are blended to prepare at least two mixed solutions with different volume doping concentrations;

[0067] The ends of the optical fiber body 501 are sequentially immersed in the saturated solution in order of increasing or decreasing volume doping concentration. After each immersion, curing is required to obtain the scattering medium optical fiber 50.

[0068] Alternatively, the mixture can be coated onto the surface of the optical fiber body 501 in order of increasing or decreasing volume doping concentration, and then cured to obtain the scattering medium optical fiber 50.

[0069] Alternatively, the mixture can be cured and shaving into fibers in order of increasing or decreasing volumetric doping concentration to obtain scattering medium 502. Then, the scattering medium 502 can be connected to the end of the optical fiber body 501 to obtain scattering medium optical fiber 50.

[0070] Specifically, the volume doping concentration of the micro-nano scattering particles in the scattering medium 502 is 0.01 vol.% to 20 vol.%; preferably, the volume doping concentration of the micro-nano scattering particles in the scattering medium 502 is 0.1 vol.% to 10 vol.%.

[0071] The second approach is as follows: Since the particle size of the micro-nano scattering particles is different, the light attenuation coefficient of the incident light is different. Therefore, the different particle sizes of the micro-nano scattering particles are sequentially increased or decreased in the direction of light propagation.

[0072] Optionally, the fabrication method of the scattering medium optical fiber 50 based on the increasing or decreasing particle size of the micro / nano scattering particles is as follows:

[0073] By blending micro-nano scattering particles with organic matrix materials, a mixture of at least two micro-nano scattering particle sizes is prepared.

[0074] The ends of the optical fiber body 501 are sequentially immersed in a saturated solution in order of increasing or decreasing particle size of the micro-nano scattering particles. After each immersion, curing is required to obtain the scattering medium optical fiber 50.

[0075] Alternatively, the mixture can be coated onto the surface of the optical fiber body 501 in order of increasing or decreasing particle size of the micro-nano scattering particles, and then cured to obtain the scattering medium optical fiber 50.

[0076] Alternatively, the mixture can be solidified and shaving into filaments according to the increasing or decreasing particle size of the micro-nano scattering particles to obtain scattering medium 502. Then, the scattering medium 502 can be connected to the end of the optical fiber body 501 to obtain scattering medium optical fiber 50.

[0077] Specifically, the particle size of the micro-nano scattering particles in the scattering medium 502 is 0.01 μm to 100 μm.

[0078] The third method is as follows: Since different micro-nano scattering particles have different light attenuation coefficients, the light attenuation coefficients of the micro-nano scattering particles are sequentially increased or decreased in the direction of optical propagation.

[0079] Optionally, the fabrication method of the scattering medium fiber 50 based on the increasing or decreasing optical attenuation coefficient of micro / nano scattering particles is as follows:

[0080] Micro-nano scattering particles and organic matrix materials are blended to prepare a mixture with at least two light attenuation coefficients;

[0081] The ends of the optical fiber body 501 are sequentially immersed in a saturated solution in order of increasing or decreasing light attenuation coefficient of the micro-nano scattering particles. After each immersion, curing is required to obtain the scattering medium optical fiber 50.

[0082] Alternatively, the mixture can be coated onto the surface of the optical fiber body 501 in order of increasing or decreasing light attenuation coefficient of the micro-nano scattering particles, and then cured to obtain the scattering medium optical fiber 50.

[0083] Alternatively, the mixture can be solidified and shaving into fibers according to the increasing or decreasing light attenuation coefficient of the micro-nano scattering particles to obtain scattering medium 502. Then, the scattering medium 502 can be connected to the end of the optical fiber body 501 to obtain scattering medium optical fiber 50.

[0084] This invention aims to achieve a sequential increase or decrease in the optical attenuation coefficient of the scattering medium fiber 50 along the propagation direction of the optical path. It is not limited to the three methods mentioned above; the particle size, volume doping concentration, or at least two of the materials used in the micro / nano scattering particles can also be controlled to similarly achieve this sequential increase or decrease. Since the three methods provided by this invention only control a single variable and the preparation method is simple, they are preferred embodiments.

[0085] In one embodiment, when the scattering medium 502 covers a portion of the optical fiber body 501, the thickness of the scattering medium 502 is 80 μm to 250 μm.

[0086] When the scattering medium 502 is connected to the extension direction of the end of the optical fiber body 501, the diameter of the scattering medium 502 is 1 μm to 600 μm. The diameter of the scattering medium 502 of the present invention can be larger or smaller than the diameter of the optical fiber body 501. Preferably, the diameter of the scattering medium 502 is equal to the diameter of the optical fiber body 501.

[0087] In one embodiment, the length of the scattering medium is 3 mm to 4 mm.

[0088] According to a second aspect of the present invention, a speckle spectrometer is provided, such as Figure 9 As shown, it includes a pre-calibration system, a light source 10, a multimode fiber 20, a fiber polarizer 30, a polarization-maintaining fiber 40, a scattering medium fiber 50, an area array detector 60, and a computer 70.

[0089] The preset calibration system is used to acquire preset calibration information;

[0090] The light source 10 is used to provide incident light;

[0091] In the optical path of the incident light, the multimode fiber 20, the fiber polarizer 30, the polarization-maintaining fiber 40, and the scattering medium fiber 50 are connected in sequence.

[0092] The area array detector 60 is parallel to the scattering medium optical fiber 50 and located in the scattering pattern direction of the scattering medium, and is used to receive and record scattering pattern information and transmit the scattering pattern information to the computer 70;

[0093] The computer 70 performs spectral reconstruction calculations based on preset calibration information to obtain the spectrum;

[0094] The scattering medium fiber 50 is selected from the above-mentioned scattering medium fiber 50.

[0095] The speckle spectrometer provided by this invention, by employing a scattering medium fiber optic 50, possesses excellent spectral resolution performance while also offering advantages such as low cost and small size. Furthermore, different scattering media 502 can be designed according to the target wavelength, making it suitable for various spectral detection fields.

[0096] The method of using the speckle speckle spectrometer in this invention is as follows:

[0097] Before use, a preset calibration is performed using a preset test system with a quasi-monochromatic light source that is calibrated to obtain preset calibration information.

[0098] In use, the light source under test enters the scattering medium fiber 50 sequentially through the multimode fiber 20, the fiber polarizer 30, and the polarization-maintaining fiber 40 to form scattering pattern information. The area array detector 60 receives and records the scattering pattern information and transmits it to the computer 70. The computer 70 performs spectral reconstruction calculations based on the preset calibration information to obtain the spectrum.

[0099] The following specific embodiments will further illustrate the scattering medium fiber and the speckle spectrometer.

[0100] Example 1

[0101] 1 mL of titanium dioxide with a particle size of 30 nm was mixed with 99 mL of polydimethylsiloxane to obtain a first mixed solution; 1 mL of titanium dioxide with a particle size of 90 nm was mixed with 99 mL of polydimethylsiloxane to obtain a second mixed solution; the first mixed solution and the second mixed solution were sequentially coated onto the surface of a common single-mode optical fiber in the direction of optical propagation and cured to obtain the scattering medium optical fiber.

[0102] The scattering medium optical fiber prepared in this embodiment includes a conventional optical fiber body and a scattering medium. The scattering medium covers the surface of the conventional optical fiber body. The length of the scattering medium is 4 mm, and it includes a first scattering region and a second scattering region. The optical attenuation coefficient of different scattering regions of the scattering medium is measured using a commercially available spectrometer. Figure 3 As shown.

[0103] Example 2

[0104] 1 mL of titanium dioxide with a particle size of 60 nm was mixed with 99 mL of polydimethylsiloxane to obtain a first mixed solution. 1 mL of titanium dioxide with a particle size of 40 nm was mixed with 99 mL of polydimethylsiloxane to obtain a second mixed solution. 1 mL of titanium dioxide with a particle size of 80 nm was mixed with 99 mL of polydimethylsiloxane to obtain a third mixed solution. The first mixed solution, the second mixed solution, and the third mixed solution were sequentially coated onto the surface of a conventional single-mode optical fiber in the direction of optical propagation and then cured to obtain the scattering medium optical fiber.

[0105] The scattering medium optical fiber prepared in this embodiment includes a conventional optical fiber body and a scattering medium. The scattering medium covers the surface of the conventional optical fiber body. The length of the scattering medium is 3 mm, and it includes a first scattering region, a second scattering region, and a third scattering region. The optical attenuation coefficients of different scattering regions of the scattering medium are measured using a commercially available spectrometer. Figure 4 As shown.

[0106] Example 3

[0107] 1 mL of titanium dioxide with a particle size of 40 nm was mixed with 99 mL of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) and supersaturated in acetone to obtain a first mixed solution. 1 mL of titanium dioxide with a particle size of 70 nm was mixed with 99 mL of PMMA and supersaturated in acetone to obtain a second mixed solution. 1 mL of titanium dioxide with a particle size of 100 nm was mixed with 99 mL of PMMA and supersaturated in acetone to obtain a third mixed solution. One end of a standard single-mode optical fiber was immersed in the first mixed solution, drawn and cured, and then cut to obtain a first scattering region. This process was repeated once the fiber was immersed in the second mixed solution, drawn and cured, and then cut to obtain a second scattering region. Finally, the fiber was immersed in the third mixed solution, drawn and cured, and then cut to obtain a third scattering region. A scattering medium with a length of 3 mm was then prepared and connected to the extension direction of the end of the standard optical fiber. Figure 5 As shown, the scattering medium, from left to right, represents the 40nm scattering region, the 70nm scattering region, and the 100nm scattering region. The transmittance of the scattering medium, measured using a commercially available spectrometer, is as follows: Figure 6 As shown, through Figure 6 It can be seen that the light attenuation coefficient of scattering media in different particle size distribution regions has strong spectral selectivity.

[0108] Example 4

[0109] 5 mL of magnesium oxide particles with a diameter of 50 nm were mixed with 95 mL of polydimethylsiloxane to obtain a first mixed solution; 15 mL of magnesium oxide particles with a diameter of 50 nm were mixed with 85 mL of polydimethylsiloxane to obtain a second mixed solution; 20 mL of magnesium oxide particles with a diameter of 50 nm were mixed with 80 mL of polydimethylsiloxane to obtain a third mixed solution. The first, second, and third mixed solutions were sequentially coated onto the surface of a standard single-mode optical fiber along the propagation direction of the optical path and cured to obtain a scattering medium optical fiber with a length of 3 mm, in which the scattering medium is coated onto the surface of the standard optical fiber body.

[0110] The scattering medium prepared in this embodiment includes, sequentially, a scattering region with a volume doping concentration of 5 vol.%, a scattering region with a volume doping concentration of 10 vol.%, and a scattering region with a volume doping concentration of 20 vol.% along the propagation direction of the light path. The optical attenuation spectrum of the scattering medium, measured using a commercially available spectrometer, is as follows: Figure 7 As shown, through Figure 7 It can be seen that the light attenuation coefficient of scattering media in different particle size distribution regions has strong spectral selectivity.

[0111] Example 5

[0112] 1 mL of magnesium oxide particles with a particle size of 80 nm was mixed with 99 mL of polydimethylsiloxane to obtain a first mixed solution; 1 mL of titanium dioxide particles with a particle size of 80 nm was mixed with 99 mL of polydimethylsiloxane to obtain a second mixed solution; 1 mL of zinc oxide particles with a particle size of 80 nm was mixed with 99 mL of polydimethylsiloxane to obtain a third mixed solution. The first mixed solution, the second mixed solution, and the third mixed solution were sequentially coated onto the surface of a basic single-mode optical fiber and cured to obtain a scattering medium optical fiber with a length of 3 mm, in which the scattering medium is coated on the surface of the ordinary optical fiber body.

[0113] In this embodiment, the scattering medium is provided with a first scattering region, a second scattering region, and a third scattering region sequentially along the propagation direction of the light path. The light attenuation coefficients of different scattering regions of the scattering medium are measured using a commercially available spectrometer. Figure 8 As shown.

[0114] Example 6

[0115] This embodiment provides a speckle spectrometer, such as Figure 9As shown, the system includes a preset calibration system, a light source 10, a multimode fiber 20, a fiber polarizer 30, a polarization-maintaining fiber 40, a scattering medium fiber 50, an area array detector 60, and a computer 70. In the optical path of the incident light, the multimode fiber 20, fiber polarizer 30, polarization-maintaining fiber 40, and scattering medium fiber 50 are connected sequentially. The area array detector 60 is parallel to the scattering medium fiber 50 and located in the direction of the scattering pattern of the scattering medium 502, and is also connected to the computer 70.

[0116] The scattering medium fiber in this embodiment is selected from the scattering medium fiber prepared in Example 1.

[0117] Example 7

[0118] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 6 is that the scattering medium fiber is the scattering medium fiber prepared in embodiment 2.

[0119] Example 8

[0120] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 6 is that the scattering medium fiber is the scattering medium fiber prepared in embodiment 3.

[0121] Example 9

[0122] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 6 is that the scattering medium fiber is the scattering medium fiber prepared in embodiment 4.

[0123] Example 10

[0124] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 6 is that the scattering medium fiber is the scattering medium fiber prepared in embodiment 5.

[0125] The spectra obtained by computer reconstruction calculation of the speckle speckle spectrometers in Examples 6 to 10 were compared with the spectra measured by a commercially available Agilent Cary 5000 spectrometer. Figures 10 to 14 As shown, according to Figures 10 to 14 It can be seen that the spectral information measured in this embodiment is the same as the spectral results measured by the Agilent Cary 5000 spectrometer, indicating that this embodiment has excellent spectral testing accuracy.

[0126] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0127] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementations of the present invention, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of this invention patent should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A scattering medium optical fiber, characterized in that, It includes an optical fiber body and a scattering medium, wherein the scattering medium covers a portion of the surface of the optical fiber body, or the scattering medium is connected to the extension direction of the end of the optical fiber body; The scattering medium includes two or more scattering regions in the direction of optical propagation. Each scattering region has a different optical attenuation coefficient, and the difference between the maximum and minimum optical attenuation coefficient is 2dB / mm to 60dB / mm.

2. The scattering medium optical fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that, The difference between the maximum and minimum optical attenuation coefficients is 4 dB / mm to 30 dB / mm.

3. The scattering medium optical fiber according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The light attenuation coefficient of the scattering medium increases or decreases sequentially in the direction of light propagation.

4. The scattering medium optical fiber according to claim 3, characterized in that, The scattering medium includes a polymer matrix and micro / nano scattering particles dispersed in the polymer matrix, wherein the volume doping concentration of the micro / nano scattering particles in the scattering medium increases or decreases sequentially in the direction of optical propagation. And / or, the particle size of the micro-nano scattering particles in the scattering medium increases or decreases sequentially in the direction of optical propagation; And / or, the light attenuation coefficient of the micro-nano scattering particles in the scattering medium increases or decreases sequentially in the direction of light propagation.

5. The scattering medium optical fiber according to claim 4, characterized in that, The volume doping concentration of the micro / nano scattering particles in the scattering medium is 0.01 vol.% to 20 vol.%. And / or, the particle size of the micro-nano scattering particles in the scattering medium is 0.01 μm to 100 μm.

6. The scattering medium optical fiber according to claim 5, characterized in that, The volume doping concentration of the micro / nano scattering particles in the scattering medium is 0.1 vol.% to 10 vol.%.

7. The scattering medium optical fiber according to claim 4, characterized in that, The polymer matrix is ​​selected from at least one of polydimethylsiloxane, polyethylene matrix, polypropylene matrix, polyester matrix, polyamide matrix, polymethyl methacrylate matrix, fluorinated polymethyl methacrylate matrix, polystyrene matrix, polyvinylidene fluoride matrix, polyurethane matrix, and polyethylene terephthalate matrix; And / or, the micro / nano scattering particles are inorganic micro / nano particles, wherein the inorganic micro / nano particles are selected from at least one of silicon dioxide particles, titanium dioxide particles, aluminum oxide particles, magnesium oxide particles, calcium fluoride particles, magnesium fluoride particles, and lithium fluoride particles.

8. The scattering medium optical fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the scattering medium covers a portion of the optical fiber body, the thickness of the scattering medium is 80 μm to 250 μm; When the scattering medium is connected to the extension direction of the end of the optical fiber body, the diameter of the scattering medium is 1μm to 600μm.

9. The scattering medium optical fiber according to claim 8, characterized in that, The length of the scattering medium is 3mm to 4mm.

10. A speckle spectrometer, characterized in that, Includes a pre-calibrated system, light source, multimode fiber, fiber polarizer, polarization-maintaining fiber, scattering medium fiber, area array detector, and computer; The preset calibration system is used to acquire preset calibration information; The light source is used to provide incident light; In the optical path of the incident light, the multimode fiber, the fiber polarizer, the polarization-maintaining fiber, and the scattering medium fiber are connected in sequence. The area array detector is parallel to the scattering medium optical fiber and located in the scattering pattern direction of the scattering medium, and is used to receive and record scattering pattern information and transmit the scattering pattern information to the computer; The computer performs spectral reconstruction calculations based on preset calibration information to obtain the spectrum; The scattering medium fiber is selected from the scattering medium fiber according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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