An automatic loading and unloading manipulator for drum brake assembly line

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of automobile parts production, and relates to an automatic loading and unloading manipulator for a drum brake assembly line, comprising a loading rack, a material picking mechanism, a flipping mechanism and a material unloading rack, wherein the material picking mechanism comprises a lateral moving part, a longitudinal moving part and a vertical moving part; a mounting plate is fixedly connected to the loading rack, the lateral moving part comprises a lateral moving plate slidably mounted on the mounting plate, and the longitudinal moving part comprises a longitudinal moving plate slidably mounted on the lateral moving plate; the vertical moving part comprises a vertical hydraulic cylinder fixedly connected to the longitudinal moving plate, a material picking plate is fixedly connected to the output end of the vertical hydraulic cylinder, two material picking rods are fixedly connected to the side wall of the material picking plate, the two material picking rods are arranged oppositely, a rotating shaft is rotatably mounted on the opposite side walls of the two material picking rods, and a fixed plate is fixedly connected to the opposite end faces of the two rotating shafts; fixed components are mounted on the two fixed plates, and the flipping mechanism is mounted on the longitudinal moving plate. The present invention solves the problem of high brake wiring costs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of automobile parts production, in particular to an automatic loading and unloading manipulator for a drum brake assembly line. Background Art

[0002] The assembly and production equipment of automobile parts is also developing towards the direction of widespread use of robots and automated production lines. Among them, the automobile brake drum is the friction pair of the drum brake. The overall shape of the drum body is similar to a basin, and it is usually made of pure castings.

[0003] Related technology can refer to the Chinese invention patent with announcement number CN114131309B, which discloses a brake drum assembly line, including a brake drum, a feeding mechanism, a flipping mechanism and a conveyor line, the flipping mechanism includes a first hydraulic cylinder, the output end of the first hydraulic cylinder is fixedly provided with a first connecting rod, and the lower part of the first connecting rod is provided with a second slide groove; it also includes a second screw, a second connecting rod and a third screw, the second screw is rotatably mounted on the inner wall on one side of the second slide groove, the third screw is rotatably mounted on the inner wall on the other side of the second slide groove, the second screw and the third screw are fixedly connected by the second connecting rod, a second motor is fixedly provided inside the first connecting rod, the output end of the second motor is fixedly connected to the third screw, and the thread directions of the second screw and the third screw are opposite; the second screw and Two second sliders are symmetrically arranged on the third screw rod; a clamping device is arranged opposite to each other below the two second sliders, and the clamping device includes a vertical rod, which is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the second slider, and a clamping hand is arranged on the vertical rod; a third motor is arranged in the vertical rod, and the clamping hand is fixedly connected to the output end of the third motor, and the clamping hands on both sides are arranged synchronously; a telescopic cylinder is fixedly arranged in the clamping hand, and a fourth motor is fixedly arranged at the output end of the telescopic cylinder, and a push rod is fixedly arranged on the output shaft of the fourth motor, and an air bag is arranged at the end of the clamping hand; when the brake drum needs to be flipped, the third motor is started, so that the air bag is inflated and approaches the brake drum and clamps it, and then the telescopic cylinder is operated to let the push rod press against the brake drum, and at this time, after the air bag is deflated, the fourth motor controls the brake drum to flip, and after flipping, the air bag is inflated again to clamp it stably.

[0004] Regarding the above-mentioned related technologies, multiple motors and cylinders are required in the process of flipping the brake drum. The control procedures and steps between the multiple motors and cylinders are relatively complicated, and the waste of resources is relatively serious, resulting in a high cost for brake wiring. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the problem of high brake wiring cost, the present invention provides an automatic loading and unloading manipulator for a drum brake assembly line.

[0006] The automatic loading and unloading manipulator for the drum brake assembly line provided by the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] An automatic loading and unloading manipulator for a drum brake assembly line includes a loading rack, a picking mechanism, a flipping mechanism, and an unloading rack, wherein the picking mechanism includes a lateral moving part, a longitudinal moving part, and a vertical moving part;

[0008] The loading rack is fixedly connected with a mounting plate, the transverse moving member comprises a transverse moving plate slidably mounted on the mounting plate, and the longitudinal moving member comprises a longitudinal moving plate slidably mounted on the transverse moving plate;

[0009] The vertical moving member comprises a vertical hydraulic cylinder fixedly connected to the longitudinal moving plate, a feeding plate fixedly connected to the output end of the vertical hydraulic cylinder, two feeding rods fixedly connected to the side wall of the feeding plate, the two feeding rods are arranged opposite to each other, a rotating shaft is rotatably installed on the opposite side walls of the two feeding rods, and a fixing plate is fixedly connected to the opposite end surfaces of the two rotating shafts;

[0010] The two fixed plates are both installed with fixing components, the flipping mechanism is installed on the longitudinal movable plate, two groups of the flipping mechanism are provided and are arranged corresponding to the rotating shaft, and the flipping mechanism can drive the rotating shaft to rotate.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, when the brake needs to be flipped, first start the horizontal moving part and the longitudinal moving part to make the vertical hydraulic cylinder move to the top of the brake, and then start the vertical hydraulic cylinder, the vertical hydraulic cylinder drives the picking plate to move, the picking plate drives the two picking rods to move, the two picking rods respectively drive the rotating shaft to move, the rotating shaft drives the fixed plate to move, when the brake is located between the two fixed plates, the two groups of fixing parts can fix the brake, and at the same time the flipping mechanism can drive the rotating shaft to rotate, so that the brake is flipped, which solves the problem of high brake wiring cost.

[0012] Preferably, the flipping mechanism includes a flipping plate fixedly connected to the longitudinal moving plate, a plurality of teeth installed on the flipping plate, and a gear fixedly connected to the rotating shaft; the flipping plate is vertically arranged, the plurality of teeth are equidistantly distributed along the extension direction of the flipping plate, the plurality of teeth are rotatably installed on the flipping plate, the plurality of teeth can only be flipped downward, and the plurality of teeth can engage with the gear.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, when the shaft moves downward, the shaft drives the gear to move downward, and at this time the gear drives the teeth to flip downward. After the fixed component fixes the brake, the vertical hydraulic cylinder drives the shaft to move upward, the shaft drives the gear to move upward, the gear is engaged with the teeth, and the teeth cannot flip. The teeth apply force to the gear, causing the gear to rotate, the gear drives the shaft to rotate, the shaft drives the fixed plate to rotate, and the fixed plate drives the brake to rotate, so that the brake can be flipped. When the feeding plate moves downward again to place the brake on the unloading rack, the brake will not flip. After the brake is placed on the unloading rack, the feeding plate moves upward again, causing the fixed plate to flip to the initial state, which is convenient for continued use next time, thereby solving the problem of high brake wiring costs.

[0014] Preferably, the bottom of the tooth is hingedly connected to the flip plate, the top of the tooth abuts against the flip plate, and a torsion spring is sleeved on the hinge shaft installed in the tooth.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, during the downward movement of the gear, the gear pushes the teeth to flip, and during the upward movement of the gear, due to the abutment between the teeth and the flip plate, the gear rotates under the reaction force of the teeth, thereby realizing the flipping transmission of the brake. The torsion spring can provide continuous force on the teeth, so that the teeth are tightly attached to the flip plate and the teeth can continuously mesh with the gear.

[0016] Preferably, both of the two fixed plates are in contact with the brake, and the fixed component includes an electromagnet embedded in the fixed plate and a battery fixedly connected to the fixed plate; the electromagnet and the battery are electrically connected via a wire, and a switch component for controlling the battery to energize the electromagnet is installed on the fixed plate.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, when the brake is located between the two fixed plates, the switch component can control the battery to energize the electromagnet, and the electromagnet can attract and fix the brake, making it easy for the staff to operate.

[0018] Preferably, a switch slot is provided at the bottom of the fixed plate, and the switch component includes a switch rod slidably mounted on the inner wall of the switch slot, the switch rod extends to the outside of the fixed plate and can contact the loading rack, a switch spring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the switch slot, and the switch spring is fixedly connected to the switch rod; a switch movable plate is provided on the top of the switch rod, and the switch movable plate is electrically connected to the electromagnet through a wire, a switch stator used in conjunction with the switch movable plate is provided on the inner wall of the switch slot, and the switch stator is electrically connected to the battery through a wire, and a locking component for locking the switch rod is installed in the switch slot.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, in the process of the fixed plate moving downward, the fixed plate drives the switch rod to move downward. When the switch rod contacts the loading rack, the switch rod is moved by the reaction force of the loading rack, and the switch rod drives the switch movable plate to slide in the switch slot. At this time, the switch spring is compressed. When the fixed plate abuts the loading rack, the switch movable plate contacts the switch fixed plate, and the battery can energize the electromagnet, so that the electromagnet fixes the brake, reducing the operating steps of the staff and reducing the cost. At the same time, the locking component locks the switch rod, so that the switch movable plate is in continuous contact with the switch fixed plate.

[0020] Preferably, a mounting groove is provided on the inner wall of the switch groove, and the locking component includes a locking spring fixedly connected to the inner wall of the mounting groove and a locking rod slidably installed in the mounting groove; the locking spring is fixedly connected to the locking rod, and a locking groove for inserting the locking rod is provided on the side wall of the switch rod, and a locking inclined surface is formed on the end surface of the locking rod facing the switch rod, and the distance between the locking inclined surface and the switch rod gradually increases from the side close to the switch stator to the side away from the switch stator; an unlocking component for releasing the lock of the switch rod by the locking rod is installed on the unloading rack.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, during the movement of the switch rod, the locking rod abuts against the switch rod, and the locking spring is in a compressed state. When the switch movable plate contacts the switch fixed plate, the locking rod is opposite to the locking groove, and the locking spring pushes the locking rod to be inserted into the locking groove. The locking rod can lock the switch rod without the need for staff to operate.

[0022] Preferably, two groups of unloading conveying chains are relatively installed on the unloading rack, and a plurality of unloading conveying plates are fixedly connected between the two groups of the unloading conveying chains. The unlocking component includes an unlocking rod fixedly connected to the unloading conveying plate, and the top of the fixed plate is provided with an unlocking groove which is connected with the mounting groove, and the unlocking rod can pass through the unlocking groove and move into the mounting groove; a connecting groove for inserting the unlocking rod is provided on the end surface of the locking rod, and a connecting inclined surface is formed on the inner wall of the connecting groove close to the locking spring, and the connecting inclined surface can contact the side of the unlocking rod; a sliding component is installed on the inner wall of the switch slot, and the switch stator is arranged on the sliding component, and the unlocking rod can drive the sliding component to move.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, when the brake needs to be placed on the unloading conveying plate, the fixed plate drives the brake to move toward the side close to the unloading conveying plate, and the unlocking rod is inserted into the unlocking groove. When the unlocking rod contacts the connecting inclined surface, the unlocking rod pushes the locking rod to move through the connecting inclined surface, so that the locking rod is pulled out of the locking groove, the locking spring is compressed, and the switch spring pushes the switch rod to extend out of the switch groove. At the same time, the unlocking rod drives the sliding component to move, and the sliding component drives the switch stator to move, so that the switch stator is separated from the switch moving plate, and the battery cuts off the power to the electromagnet. The brake is placed on the unloading conveying plate without the need for staff to operate.

[0024] Preferably, a sliding groove that penetrates the unlocking groove is formed on the inner wall of the switch groove, and the sliding component includes a sliding rod slidably placed in the sliding groove and a sliding spring fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sliding groove; one end of the sliding rod extends into the switch groove and is fixedly connected to the sliding spring, and the other end of the sliding rod extends into the unlocking groove, and a sliding inclined surface is formed on the end surface of the sliding rod away from the sliding spring, and the sliding inclined surface can contact the side of the unlocking rod, and the switch stator is arranged on the sliding rod.

[0025] By adopting the above technical solution, during the process of inserting the unlocking rod into the unlocking slot, when the unlocking rod contacts the sliding inclined surface, the unlocking rod pushes the sliding rod to move through the sliding inclined surface. At this time, the sliding spring is in a compressed state, and the sliding rod drives the switch stator to move, so that the switch stator is separated from the switch movable plate.

[0026] Preferably, rubber pads are fixedly connected to the opposite side walls of the two fixing plates.

[0027] By adopting the above technical solution, the rubber pad can protect the brake and reduce the occurrence of brake damage.

[0028] Preferably, the two fixing plates are both arc-shaped plates, and the opposite side surfaces of the two fixing plates are inner arc surfaces.

[0029] By adopting the above technical solution, the stability of the fixing plate on the brake is improved.

[0030] In summary, the present invention includes at least the following beneficial technical effects:

[0031] 1. The present invention sets a rotating shaft and a flipping mechanism. When the brake needs to be flipped, the horizontal moving member and the longitudinal moving member are first started to move the vertical hydraulic cylinder to the top of the brake, and then the vertical hydraulic cylinder is started. The vertical hydraulic cylinder drives the material picking plate to move, the material picking plate drives the two material picking rods to move, the two material picking rods respectively drive the rotating shaft to move, and the rotating shaft drives the fixed plate to move. When the brake is located between the two fixed plates, the two sets of fixing components can fix the brake, and the flipping mechanism can drive the rotating shaft to rotate, so that the brake is flipped, which solves the problem of high wiring cost of the brake;

[0032] 2. The present invention provides a flip plate, teeth and gears. When the shaft moves downward, the shaft drives the gear to move downward. At this time, the gear drives the teeth to flip downward. After the fixing component fixes the brake, the vertical hydraulic cylinder drives the shaft to move upward, the shaft drives the gear to move upward, the gear is meshed with the teeth, and the teeth cannot flip. The teeth apply a force to the gear to make the gear rotate, the gear drives the shaft to rotate, the shaft drives the fixed plate to rotate, and the fixed plate drives the brake to rotate, so that the brake can be flipped. When the feeding plate moves downward again to place the brake on the unloading rack, the brake will not flip. After the brake is placed on the unloading rack, the feeding plate moves upward again, so that the fixed plate flips to the initial state, which is convenient for continued use next time, thereby solving the problem of high wiring cost of the brake.

[0033] 3. The present invention hinges the bottom of the tooth to the flip plate, the top of the tooth abuts the flip plate, and is provided with a torsion spring. When the gear moves downward, the gear pushes the tooth to flip. When the gear moves upward, the tooth abuts the flip plate and the gear rotates due to the reaction force of the tooth, thereby realizing the flipping and conveying of the brake. The torsion spring can provide continuous force on the tooth, so that the tooth is tightly attached to the flip plate and the tooth can be continuously meshed with the gear. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an automatic loading and unloading manipulator for a drum brake assembly line according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of a loading rack according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of a material unloading rack according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the transverse moving member according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 5Schematic diagram of the structure of the longitudinal moving member of the embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of a flipping mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 7 It is a schematic structural diagram of a fixing component according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structure of the locking component of the embodiment of the present invention.

[0042] Fig. 9 The present invention Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of part A.

[0043] Explanation of reference numerals: 1. loading rack; 11. mounting plate; 111. transverse moving groove; 12. loading conveying plate; 13. loading shaft; 14. loading motor; 15. loading conveying chain; 2. material picking mechanism; 21. transverse moving member; 211. transverse moving plate; 2111. longitudinal moving groove; 212. transverse screw; 213. transverse motor; 22. longitudinal moving member; 221. longitudinal moving plate; 222. longitudinal screw; 223. longitudinal motor; 23. vertical moving member; 231. vertical hydraulic cylinder; 232. picking plate; 233. picking rod; 234. rotating shaft; 235. fixing plate; 2351. switch groove; 2352. mounting groove; 2353. unlocking groove; 2354. sliding groove ;2355, rubber pad;3, flip mechanism;31, flip plate;32, teeth;33, gear;34, torsion spring;4, unloading rack;41, unloading conveyor chain;42, unloading conveyor plate;43, unloading shaft;44, unloading motor;5, fixing component;51, electromagnet;52, battery;6, switch component;61, switch rod;611, locking groove;62, switch moving plate;63, switch fixed plate;64, switch spring;7, locking component;71, locking spring;72, locking rod;721, locking inclined plane;722, connecting groove;723, connecting inclined plane;8, unlocking component;81, unlocking rod;9, sliding component;91, sliding rod;911, sliding inclined plane;92, sliding spring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] The following is combined with Figure 1-9 The present invention is described in further detail.

[0045] The embodiment of the present invention discloses an automatic loading and unloading manipulator for a drum brake assembly line. Figures 1 to 3The automatic loading and unloading robot of the drum brake assembly line includes a loading rack 1, a picking mechanism 2, a turning mechanism 3 and an unloading rack 4. Two horizontally arranged loading shafts 13 are rotatably installed inside the loading rack 1. The two loading shafts 13 are respectively located at both ends of the loading rack 1. A loading motor 14 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the loading rack 1. The output shaft of the loading motor 14 is fixedly connected to one of the loading shafts 13. Two groups of loading conveyor chains 15 are relatively installed on the loading rack 1. The two groups of loading conveyor chains 15 are both sleeved on the two loading shafts 13. The loading shafts 13 drive the loading conveyor chains 15 to rotate. A plurality of loading conveyor plates 12 are fixedly connected between the two groups of loading conveyor chains 15, which can convey the brakes.

[0046] The structure of the unloading rack 4 is the same as that of the loading rack 1. Two horizontally arranged unloading shafts 43 are rotatably installed inside the unloading rack 4. The two unloading shafts 43 are respectively located at the two ends of the unloading rack 4. A unloading motor 44 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the unloading rack 4. The output shaft of the unloading motor 44 is fixedly connected to one of the unloading shafts 43. Two groups of unloading conveying chains 41 are relatively installed on the unloading rack 4. The two groups of unloading conveying chains 41 are both sleeved on the two unloading shafts 43. The unloading shafts 43 drive the unloading conveying chains 41 to rotate. A plurality of unloading conveying plates 42 are fixedly connected between the two groups of unloading conveying chains 41, which can convey the brake.

[0047] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 4 The top of the loading rack 1 is fixedly connected with a mounting plate 11, which is a T-shaped plate. A transverse moving groove 111 is horizontally opened on the side wall of the top of the mounting plate 11. The material picking mechanism 2 includes a transverse moving member 21, a longitudinal moving member 22 and a vertical moving member 23. The transverse moving member 21 includes a transverse moving plate 211, a transverse screw 212 and a transverse motor 213; the transverse moving plate 211 is horizontally placed in the transverse moving groove 111 and can slide along the transverse moving groove 111. The transverse moving plate 211 is perpendicular to the mounting plate 11 and extends to the transverse moving groove 111. The top of the transverse moving plate 211 contacts the inner top surface of the transverse moving groove 111; the transverse screw 212 is rotatably installed on the inner wall of the transverse moving groove 111, and is horizontally arranged. The transverse screw 212 penetrates the transverse moving plate 211 and is threadedly connected to the transverse moving plate 211; the transverse motor 213 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the mounting plate 11, and the output shaft of the transverse motor 213 is fixedly connected to the transverse screw 212. When the transverse motor 213 is started, the transverse motor 213 drives the transverse screw 212 to rotate, and the transverse screw 212 drives the transverse moving plate 211 to move.

[0048] Reference Figure 4 and Figure 5The longitudinal moving member 22 includes a longitudinal moving plate 221, a longitudinal screw 222 and a longitudinal motor 223; a longitudinal moving groove 2111 is horizontally opened at the bottom of the transverse moving plate 211, the longitudinal moving plate 221 is horizontally placed in the longitudinal moving groove 2111, and can slide along the longitudinal moving groove 2111, and the top of the transverse moving plate 211 is in contact with the inner top surface of the longitudinal moving groove 2111; the longitudinal screw 222 is rotatably mounted on the inner wall of the longitudinal moving groove 2111, and is horizontally arranged, the longitudinal screw 222 is penetrated in the longitudinal moving plate 221, and is threadedly connected with the longitudinal moving plate 221; the longitudinal motor 223 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the transverse moving plate 211, the output shaft of the longitudinal motor 223 is fixedly connected to the longitudinal screw 222, the longitudinal motor 223 is started, the longitudinal motor 223 drives the longitudinal screw 222 to rotate, and the longitudinal screw 222 drives the longitudinal moving plate 221 to move.

[0049] Reference Figure 5 The vertical moving member 23 includes a vertical hydraulic cylinder 231, a feeding plate 232, two feeding rods 233, two rotating shafts 234 and two fixed plates 235; the vertical hydraulic cylinder 231 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the longitudinal moving plate 221, and the output end of the vertical hydraulic cylinder 231 is vertically downwardly arranged; the feeding plate 232 is fixedly connected to the output end of the vertical hydraulic cylinder 231 and is horizontally arranged; the two feeding rods 233 are fixedly connected to the side wall of the feeding plate 232, and the two feeding rods 233 are relatively horizontally arranged; the two rotating shafts 234 are respectively rotatably connected to the side walls of the feeding rods 233, and the two rotating shafts 234 are relatively horizontally arranged, the two rotating shafts 234 have the same axis, and the opposite ends of the two rotating shafts 234 extend to the outside of the feeding rods 233; the two fixed The fixed plates 235 are respectively fixedly connected to the opposite end faces of the rotating shaft 234, and the two fixed plates 235 can both contact the brake. The two fixed plates 235 are both arc-shaped plates, and the opposite sides of the two fixed plates 235 are inner arc surfaces. Rubber pads 2355 are fixedly connected to the inner arc surfaces of the two fixed plates 235, and fixing components 5 are installed on the two fixed plates 235; start the vertical hydraulic cylinder 231, the vertical hydraulic cylinder 231 drives the feeding plate 232 to move downward, the feeding plate 232 drives the two feeding rods 233 to move downward, the two feeding rods 233 respectively drive the rotating shaft 234 to move downward, and the rotating shaft 234 drives the fixed plate 235 to move downward. When the brake is located between the two fixed plates 235, the two groups of fixing components 5 can fix the brake.

[0050] Reference Figure 5 and Figure 6The flip mechanism 3 is installed on the longitudinal moving plate 221. The flip mechanism 3 is provided with two groups and is arranged corresponding to the rotating shaft 234. The flip mechanism 3 includes a flip plate 31, a plurality of teeth 32, a gear 33 and a torsion spring 34; the flip plate 31 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the longitudinal moving plate 221 and is vertically arranged; the plurality of teeth 32 are all installed on the side wall of the flip plate 31, and the plurality of teeth 32 are equidistantly distributed along the extension direction of the flip plate 31, and the bottoms of the plurality of teeth 32 are all in contact with the flip plate 31. The rotating plate 31 is hingedly connected, and the tops of the multiple teeth 32 are all in contact with the flip plate 31, so that the teeth 32 can only flip downward; the gear 33 is sleeved on the rotating shaft 234 and is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 234, and the gear 33 can mesh with the multiple teeth 32; when the rotating shaft 234 moves downward, the rotating shaft 234 drives the gear 33 to move downward, and at this time, the gear 33 drives the teeth 32 to flip downward. When the fixing component 5 fixes the brake, the vertical hydraulic cylinder 231 drives the rotating shaft 23 4 moves upward, the shaft 234 drives the gear 33 to move upward, the gear 33 meshes with the teeth 32, the teeth 32 cannot flip, the teeth 32 exerts a force on the gear 33, so that the gear 33 rotates, the gear 33 drives the shaft 234 to rotate, the shaft 234 drives the fixed plate 235 to rotate, and the fixed plate 235 drives the brake to rotate, and the brake can be flipped. When the material picking plate 232 moves downward again to place the brake on the unloading rack 4, the brake will not flip. After the brake is placed on the unloading rack 4, the material picking plate 232 moves upward again, so that the fixed plate 235 flips to the initial state, which is convenient for continued use next time, solving the problem of high brake wiring cost; the torsion spring 34 is sleeved on the hinge shaft installed in the teeth 32, and the torsion spring 34 can provide a continuous force on the teeth 32, so that the teeth 32 are tightly attached to the flip plate 31, and the teeth 32 can continuously mesh with the gear 33.

[0051] Reference Figure 5 and Figure 7 The fixing component 5 includes an electromagnet 51 and a battery 52; the electromagnet 51 is embedded in the side wall of the fixing plate 235; the battery 52 is fixedly connected to the outer arc surface of the fixing plate 235, the battery 52 and the electromagnet 51 are electrically connected through a wire, and a switch component 6 is installed on the fixing plate 235. When the brake is located between the two fixing plates 235, the switch component 6 can control the battery 52 to energize the electromagnet 51, and the electromagnet 51 can attract and fix the brake.

[0052] A switch slot 2351 is vertically provided at the bottom of the fixed plate 235, and the switch component 6 includes a switch rod 61, a switch spring 64, a switch movable sheet 62 and a switch fixed sheet 63; the switch rod 61 is vertically placed in the switch slot 2351 and is slidably connected to the inner wall of the switch slot 2351, and the bottom of the switch rod 61 extends to the outside of the fixed plate 235 and can contact the loading rack 1. During the downward movement of the fixed plate 235, the fixed plate 235 drives the switch rod 61 to move downward. When the switch rod 61 contacts the loading rack 1, the switch rod 61 is relatively moved upward by the reaction force of the loading rack 1; the switch spring 64 is fixedly connected to the inner top surface of the switch slot 2351, and the bottom of the switch spring 64 is fixedly connected to the top of the switch rod 61, and the switch spring 64 is in a compressed state; the switch movable sheet 62 It is arranged on the top of the switch rod 61 and is electrically connected to the electromagnet 51 through a wire. The switch rod 61 drives the switch movable piece 62 to slide in the switch slot 2351; the switch stator 63 is arranged on the inner top surface of the switch slot 2351 and is electrically connected to the battery 52 through a wire. The switch stator 63 is used in conjunction with the switch movable piece 62. When the fixed plate 235 abuts against the loading rack 1, the switch movable piece 62 contacts the switch stator 63, and the battery 52 energizes the electromagnet 51, so that the electromagnet 51 fixes the brake, thereby reducing the cost; a locking component 7 is installed in the switch slot 2351. When the switch movable piece 62 contacts the switch stator 63, the locking component 7 locks the switch rod 61. During the rotation of the fixed plate 235, the switch movable piece 62 will not be separated from the switch stator 63.

[0053] Reference Figure 7 and Figure 8 The inner wall of the switch slot 2351 is horizontally provided with a mounting slot 2352, and the locking component 7 includes a locking spring 71 and a locking rod 72; the locking spring 71 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the mounting slot 2352 and is horizontally arranged; the locking rod 72 is horizontally placed in the mounting slot 2352 and can slide horizontally along the mounting slot 2352, the locking rod 72 is fixedly connected to the locking spring 71, the locking spring 71 is in a compressed state, and a locking inclined surface 721 is formed on the end surface of the locking spring 71 away from the locking rod 72. The locking slope 721 is set to be inclined downward, and the locking slope 721 can contact the side edge of the top of the switch rod 61. A locking groove 611 is provided on the side wall of the switch rod 61. During the movement of the switch rod 61, the locking rod 72 abuts against the switch rod 61, and the locking spring 71 is compressed. When the switch movable plate 62 contacts the switch fixed plate 63, the locking rod 72 is opposite to the locking groove 611, and the locking spring 71 pushes the locking rod 72 to be inserted into the locking groove 611, and the locking rod 72 locks the switch rod 61.

[0054] Reference Figures 7 to 9, an unlocking component 8 is installed on the unloading conveying plate 42, and the unlocking component 8 includes an unlocking rod 81, which is fixedly connected to the top of the unloading conveying plate 42, and an unlocking groove 2353 is vertically opened on the top of the fixed plate 235, and the unlocking groove 2353 and the installation groove 2352 are mutually connected. When the brake needs to be placed on the unloading conveying plate 42, the fixed plate 235 drives the brake to move toward the side close to the unloading conveying plate 42. At this time, the fixed plate 235 has been turned over, and the unlocking rod 81 is inserted into the unlocking groove 2353 and moved to the installation groove 2352; on the end surface of the top of the locking rod 72 A connecting groove 722 is provided, and a connecting slope 723 is formed on the inner wall of the connecting groove 722 near the locking spring 71. The connecting slope 723 is inclined upward. When the unlocking rod 81 contacts the connecting slope 723, the unlocking rod 81 pushes the locking rod 72 to move through the connecting slope 723, so that the locking rod 72 is pulled out of the locking groove 611, and the locking spring 71 is compressed. The switch spring 64 pushes the switch rod 61 to extend out of the switch groove 2351, so that the switch moving plate 62 is separated from the switch fixed plate 63, and the battery 52 cuts off the power to the electromagnet 51, and the brake is placed on the unloading conveying plate 42.

[0055] Reference Figures 7 to 9 A sliding groove 2354 is horizontally opened on the inner wall at the top of the switch groove 2351, and the sliding groove 2354 and the unlocking groove 2353 are interconnected. A sliding component 9 is installed in the switch groove 2351, and the sliding component 9 includes a sliding rod 91 and a sliding spring 92; the sliding rod 91 is slidably installed on the inner top surface of the sliding groove 2354 and can move horizontally, and the switch fixed plate 63 is arranged on the sliding rod 91, and one end of the sliding rod 91 extends into the unlocking groove 2353. A sliding inclined surface 911 is formed on the end surface of the sliding rod 91 at one end in the unlocking groove 2353, and the sliding inclined surface 911 is inclined upward, and when the unlocking is performed, the sliding inclined surface 911 is pressed downward. During the process of inserting the locking rod 81 into the unlocking slot 2353, when the unlocking rod 81 contacts the sliding inclined surface 911, the unlocking rod 81 pushes the sliding rod 91 to move through the sliding inclined surface 911, and the sliding rod 91 drives the switch stator 63 to move, so that the switch stator 63 is separated from the switch movable plate 62; the sliding spring 92 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sliding slot 2354, and the sliding spring 92 is fixedly connected to the end of the sliding rod 91 away from the sliding inclined surface 911. The sliding spring 92 is in a compressed state, and the sliding spring 92 can push the sliding rod 91 to move, so that the switch stator 63 returns to its original position.

[0056] The implementation principle of the automatic loading and unloading manipulator of the drum brake assembly line of the embodiment of the present invention is as follows: when the brake needs to be flipped, first start the horizontal motor 213 and the longitudinal motor 223 to move the vertical hydraulic cylinder 231 to the top of the brake, then start the vertical hydraulic cylinder 231, the vertical hydraulic cylinder 231 drives the picking plate 232 to move downward, the picking plate 232 drives the two picking rods 233 to move downward, the two picking rods 233 respectively drive the rotating shaft 234 to move downward, the rotating shaft 234 drives the fixed plate 235 and the gear 33 to move downward, the gear 33 drives the teeth 32 to flip downward, the fixed plate 235 drives the switch rod 61 to move downward, when the switch rod 61 contacts the loading and conveying plate 12, the switch rod 61 is subjected to the reaction force of the loading and conveying plate 12 to move relatively, and the switch rod 61 drives the switch movable plate 62 to slide in the switch slot 2351 At this time, the switch spring 64 is in a compressed state. When the fixed plate 235 abuts against the feeding conveying plate 12, the brake is located between the two fixed plates 235, the switch moving plate 62 contacts the switch fixed plate 63, the locking rod 72 is opposite to the locking groove 611, and the locking spring 71 pushes the locking rod 72 to insert into the locking groove 611. The battery 52 energizes the electromagnet 51, and the electromagnet 51 fixes the brake; then the vertical hydraulic cylinder 231 drives the fixed plate 235 to move upward, the fixed plate 235 drives the brake and the gear 33 to move upward, the gear 33 meshes with the teeth 32, the teeth 32 cannot flip, the teeth 32 exerts a force on the gear 33, so that the gear 33 rotates, the gear 33 drives the rotating shaft 234 to rotate, the rotating shaft 234 drives the fixed plate 235 to rotate, the fixed plate 235 drives the brake to rotate, and the brake is flipped.

[0057] Then, the horizontal motor 213 and the longitudinal motor 223 are started, so that the vertical hydraulic cylinder 231 moves to the unloading rack 4, and the vertical hydraulic cylinder 231 is continued to be started. The vertical hydraulic cylinder 231 drives the fixed plate 235 to move downward. At this time, the teeth 32 can be flipped, and the brake will not flip. Then the unlocking rod 81 is inserted into the unlocking groove 2353. When the unlocking rod 81 contacts the sliding inclined surface 911, the unlocking rod 81 pushes the sliding rod 91 to move through the sliding inclined surface 911. At this time, the sliding spring 92 is compressed, and the sliding rod 91 drives the switch stator 63 to move, so that the switch stator 63 is separated from the switch moving plate 62, and the battery 52 cuts off the power to the electromagnet 51, and the brake The brake can be placed on the unloading conveying plate 42; the fixed plate 235 continues to move, and when the unlocking rod 81 contacts the connecting inclined surface 723, the unlocking rod 81 pushes the locking rod 72 to move through the connecting inclined surface 723, so that the locking rod 72 is pulled out of the locking groove 611, and the locking spring 71 is compressed. The switch spring 64 pushes the switch rod 61 to extend out of the switch groove 2351 and return to the initial position; when the brake is placed on the unloading conveying plate 42, the vertical hydraulic cylinder 231 drives the fixed plate 235 to move upward. At this time, the teeth 32 are engaged with the gear 33, and the fixed plate 235 is flipped to the initial state, and the brake continues to be flipped, which solves the problem of high brake wiring costs.

[0058] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, any equivalent changes made based on the structure, shape, and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic loading and unloading manipulator for a drum brake assembly line, comprising a loading rack (1), a material taking mechanism (2), a turning mechanism (3) and an unloading rack (4), characterized in that: The material taking mechanism (2) comprises a transverse moving member (21), a longitudinal moving member (22) and a vertical moving member (23); The loading rack (1) is fixedly connected to a mounting plate (11), the transverse moving member (21) comprises a transverse moving plate (211) slidably mounted on the mounting plate (11), and the longitudinal moving member (22) comprises a longitudinal moving plate (221) slidably mounted on the transverse moving plate (211); The vertical moving member (23) comprises a vertical hydraulic cylinder (231) fixedly connected to the longitudinal moving plate (221); a feeding plate (232) is fixedly connected to the output end of the vertical hydraulic cylinder (231); two feeding rods (233) are fixedly connected to the side wall of the feeding plate (232); the two feeding rods (233) are arranged opposite to each other; rotating shafts (234) are rotatably mounted on the opposite side walls of the two feeding rods (233); and fixed plates (235) are fixedly connected to the opposite end surfaces of the two rotating shafts (234); The two fixed plates (235) are both mounted with a fixing component (5), the flipping mechanism (3) is mounted on the longitudinal moving plate (221), two groups of the flipping mechanism (3) are provided and are arranged corresponding to the rotating shaft (234), and the flipping mechanism (3) can drive the rotating shaft (234) to rotate; The flipping mechanism (3) comprises a flipping plate (31) fixedly connected to the longitudinal moving plate (221), a plurality of teeth (32) mounted on the flipping plate (31), and a gear (33) fixedly connected to the rotating shaft (234); the flipping plate (31) is vertically arranged, the plurality of teeth (32) are equidistantly distributed along the extending direction of the flipping plate (31), the plurality of teeth (32) are rotatably mounted on the flipping plate (31), the plurality of teeth (32) can only flip downward, and the plurality of teeth (32) can mesh with the gear (33); The bottom of the tooth (32) is hingedly connected to the flip plate (31), the top of the tooth (32) is in contact with the flip plate (31), and a torsion spring (34) is sleeved on the hinge shaft installed in the tooth (32); The two fixing plates (235) are in contact with the brake, and the fixing component (5) comprises an electromagnet (51) embedded in the fixing plate (235) and a battery (52) fixedly connected to the fixing plate (235); the electromagnet (51) and the battery (52) are electrically connected via a wire, and a switch component (6) for controlling the battery (52) to energize the electromagnet (51) is installed on the fixing plate (235); A switch slot (2351) is provided at the bottom of the fixed plate (235); the switch component (6) comprises a switch rod (61) slidably mounted on the inner wall of the switch slot (2351); the switch rod (61) extends to the outside of the fixed plate (235) and is capable of contacting the loading rack (1); a switch spring (64) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the switch slot (2351); the switch spring (64) is fixedly connected to the switch rod (61); a switch moving piece (62) is provided at the top of the switch rod (61); the switch moving piece (62) is electrically connected to the electromagnet (51) through a wire; a switch stator (63) used in conjunction with the switch moving piece (62) is provided on the inner wall of the switch slot (2351); the switch stator (63) is electrically connected to the battery (52) through a wire; and a locking component (7) for locking the switch rod (61) is installed in the switch slot (2351); The inner wall of the switch slot (2351) is provided with a mounting slot (2352), and the locking component (7) comprises a locking spring (71) fixedly connected to the inner wall of the mounting slot (2352) and a locking rod (72) slidably installed in the mounting slot (2352); the locking spring (71) is fixedly connected to the locking rod (72); a locking slot (611) for inserting the locking rod (72) is provided on the side wall of the switch rod (61); a locking inclined surface (721) is formed on the end surface of the locking rod (72) facing the switch rod (61), and the distance between the locking inclined surface (721) and the switch rod (61) gradually increases from the side close to the switch stator (63) to the side away from the switch stator (63); an unlocking component (8) for releasing the locking rod (72) from locking the switch rod (61); Two groups of material discharging conveying chains (41) are relatively mounted on the material discharging rack (4), and a plurality of material discharging conveying plates (42) are fixedly connected between the two groups of material discharging conveying chains (41). The unlocking component (8) comprises an unlocking rod (81) fixedly connected to the material discharging conveying plate (42), and an unlocking groove (2353) which is connected to the mounting groove (2352) is formed on the top of the fixed plate (235), and the unlocking rod (81) can pass through the unlocking groove (2353) and move into the mounting groove (2352). ; A connecting groove (722) is provided on the end surface of the locking rod (72) for inserting the unlocking rod (81); a connecting inclined surface (723) is formed on the inner wall of the connecting groove (722) close to the locking spring (71); the connecting inclined surface (723) can contact the side of the unlocking rod (81); a sliding component (9) is installed on the inner wall of the switch groove (2351); the switch stator (63) is arranged on the sliding component (9); the unlocking rod (81) can drive the sliding component (9) to move; The inner wall of the switch slot (2351) is provided with a sliding slot (2354) which is connected with the unlocking slot (2353); the sliding component (9) comprises a sliding rod (91) slidably placed in the sliding slot (2354) and a sliding spring (92) fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sliding slot (2354); one end of the sliding rod (91) extends into the switch slot (2351) and is fixedly connected to the sliding spring (92); the other end of the sliding rod (91) extends into the unlocking slot (2353); a sliding inclined surface (911) is formed on the end surface of the sliding rod (91) away from the sliding spring (92); the sliding inclined surface (911) can contact the side of the unlocking rod (81); and the switch stator (63) is arranged on the sliding rod (91).

2. The automatic loading and unloading manipulator for the drum brake assembly line according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Rubber pads (2355) are fixedly connected to opposite side walls of the two fixing plates (235).

3. The automatic loading and unloading manipulator for the drum brake assembly line according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The two fixing plates (235) are both arc-shaped plates, and the opposite side surfaces of the two fixing plates (235) are inner arc surfaces.

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