An assembling system and working method of auxiliary materials and crucible for an acheson graphitization furnace

Abstract

The present application provides an assembly system and working method of auxiliary materials and crucible of Acheson graphitization furnace, which reduces workshop construction cost, improves working environment, reduces labor, improves work efficiency, ensures the placing accuracy of the crucible, and the filling density of the resistance material is better than manual filling, thereby ensuring the graphitization effect. The present application comprises a travelling crane, a stereoscopic warehouse, an auxiliary material cooling system, an auxiliary material turnover system, a crucible turnover system, a powder replacement system, a working vehicle and a track. The working vehicle comprises a canning vehicle, a flat laying vehicle, a taking and placing vehicle and a suction vehicle. The present application comprises the following steps: auxiliary material preparation, auxiliary material filling, green crucible loading, auxiliary material discharging, mature crucible discharging, green powder filling and mature powder discharging.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to an Acheson graphitization furnace auxiliary material and crucible assembly system and working method, mainly used for loading auxiliary materials and taking and placing crucibles of Acheson graphitization furnace for lithium battery negative electrode materials. BACKGROUND

[0002] Graphitization is to realize the ordered conversion of thermodynamically unstable carbon atoms from "disordered layer structure" to "graphite crystal structure" by thermal activation. In the graphitization process, high-temperature heat treatment provides energy for atomic rearrangement and structure transformation. Acheson furnace is the main furnace type for producing high-purity graphite in China at present, which has the advantages of simple method, reliable production, good graphitization effect, etc.

[0003] In the existing graphitization and pre-carbonization process of lithium battery negative electrode materials, there are many processes such as loading auxiliary materials, taking and placing crucibles, auxiliary material preparation, raw powder loading, and cooked powder discharging.

[0004] Loading auxiliary materials: auxiliary materials need to be laid in the Acheson graphitization furnace to achieve heat preservation and resistance effect, and the auxiliary materials include heat preservation materials and resistance materials, etc. The traditional Acheson furnace is usually matched with a material suction crane to load and heat the auxiliary materials after the high-temperature auxiliary materials are discharged from the furnace. The material suction crane equipment and the weight of the materials can reach more than 300 tons, which puts high requirements on the construction of the plant and has huge construction cost. In addition, the material suction crane will interfere with the ordinary crane, affecting the production efficiency.

[0005] Taking and placing crucibles: raw powder needs to be loaded into graphite crucibles, and then the crucibles are loaded into the Acheson graphitization furnace for heating and heat preservation, so as to complete the graphitization process. The commonly used method for taking crucibles generally relies on steel wire ropes combined with overhead cranes to complete the taking and placing of crucibles, taking and placing 1-2 crucibles at a time. In order to improve efficiency, self-weight type grabbing tools combined with overhead cranes are also used to complete the taking and placing of crucibles, which can grab 5-6 crucibles in a row at a time. The grabbed crucibles are placed on the tray at the edge of the furnace, and after the tray is full, the tray is transported to the ground by the overhead crane for processing. Long-time operation of the overhead crane will affect other furnace operations and overall work efficiency; according to this scheme, 6-10 workers are needed to cooperate with the operation, which has high labor cost; the temperature is very high when taking the crucibles, and the workers need to work in the furnace, which has a very poor working environment and safety hazards; when placing the crucibles, the distance between each row of crucibles needs to be 50mm, and the manual placement cannot guarantee the placement accuracy, which has a large error and affects the product quality consistency.

[0006] Other processes such as auxiliary material preparation, raw powder loading, and cooked powder discharging also have the defects of low work efficiency and high labor intensity. SUMMARY

[0007] The present application aims to overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, and provides an Acheson graphitization furnace auxiliary material and crucible assembly system and working method with reasonable structure design, which reduces workshop construction cost, improves working environment, reduces labor, improves work efficiency, ensures the accuracy of the crucible placement, and the filling density of the resistance material is better than manual filling, thereby ensuring the graphitization effect.

[0008] The technical scheme adopted by the present application to solve the above-mentioned problems is: an Acheson graphitization furnace auxiliary material and crucible assembly system, characterized by comprising a travelling crane, a stereoscopic warehouse, an auxiliary material cooling system, an auxiliary material turnover system, a crucible turnover system, a powder replacement system, a work vehicle and a track, the work vehicle comprising a canning vehicle, a flat laying vehicle, a taking and placing vehicle and a suction vehicle;

[0009] The travelling crane is arranged above the Acheson graphitization furnace; the stereoscopic warehouse is arranged on one side of the Acheson graphitization furnace; the auxiliary material turnover system is connected with the stereoscopic warehouse; the crucible turnover system is connected with the powder replacement system;

[0010] The track is fixedly arranged above the Acheson graphitization furnace;

[0011] The canning vehicle comprises a canning lifting mechanism, a canning material pipe assembly, a canning power vehicle, a canning material bin roller and a canning material bin; the canning power vehicle is arranged on the track; the canning material bin roller is installed on the canning power vehicle; the canning material bin is placed on the canning material bin roller; the canning material pipe assembly is installed on the canning power vehicle; the canning lifting mechanism is connected with the canning material pipe assembly;

[0012] The flat laying vehicle comprises a compaction mechanism, a flat laying lifting mechanism, a flat laying material pipe assembly, a flat laying power vehicle, a flat laying material bin roller and a flat laying material bin; the flat laying power vehicle is arranged on the track; the flat laying material bin roller is installed on the flat laying power vehicle; the flat laying material bin is placed on the flat laying material bin roller; the flat laying material pipe assembly and the compaction mechanism are both connected with the flat laying lifting mechanism;

[0013] The taking and placing vehicle comprises a taking and placing power vehicle, a taking and placing lifting mechanism, a grabbing mechanism, a bottom supporting mechanism and a crucible roller; the taking and placing power vehicle is arranged on the track; the crucible roller is installed on the taking and placing power vehicle; the taking and placing lifting mechanism is installed on the taking and placing power vehicle, and the taking and placing lifting mechanism comprises a lifting driving mechanism and a lifting platform, the lifting platform is installed on the taking and placing power vehicle in a lifting manner, and the lifting driving mechanism is connected with the lifting platform; the grabbing mechanism and the bottom supporting mechanism are both installed on the lifting platform; the bottom supporting mechanism comprises a bottom supporting frame, a horizontal driving cylinder, a vertical driving cylinder, a bottom supporting plate support and a bottom supporting plate; the bottom supporting frame is horizontally slidably installed on the lifting platform; the horizontal driving cylinder is horizontally installed on the lifting platform and connected with the bottom supporting frame; the bottom supporting plate support is vertically slidably installed on the bottom supporting frame; the vertical driving cylinder is vertically installed on the bottom supporting frame and connected with the bottom supporting plate support; the bottom supporting plate is fixed at the bottom of the bottom supporting plate support;

[0014] The suction material vehicle comprises a suction material power vehicle, a suction material pipe and a suction material bin; the suction material power vehicle is arranged on a track; the suction material bin is installed on the suction material power vehicle; the suction material pipe is connected with the suction material bin; and the suction material vehicle cooperates with an auxiliary material cooling system.

[0015] The auxiliary material turnover system comprises an auxiliary material unpacking machine, an auxiliary material buffer bin, an auxiliary material turnover platform and a bin moving roller way; the auxiliary material unpacking machine and the auxiliary material buffer bin are both installed on the auxiliary material turnover platform, and the auxiliary material unpacking machine is connected with the auxiliary material buffer bin; the bin moving roller way is arranged below the auxiliary material buffer bin.

[0016] The crucible turnover system comprises a used crucible storage area, a new crucible storage area, a used crucible unpacking area, a used crucible roller way, a new crucible roller way, a new crucible loading area and a tray turnover area; the used crucible storage area cooperates with the used crucible unpacking area; the used crucible unpacking area cooperates with the used crucible roller way; the used crucible roller way is connected with a powder replacement system; the new crucible storage area cooperates with the new crucible loading area; the new crucible loading area cooperates with the new crucible roller way; the new crucible roller way is connected with the powder replacement system; and the tray turnover area cooperates with the used crucible unpacking area and the new crucible loading area.

[0017] The canning material pipe assembly comprises a canning fixed material pipe and a canning lifting material pipe; the canning fixed material pipe is vertically and fixedly installed on a canning power vehicle, and the canning lifting material pipe is movably sleeved outside the canning fixed material pipe; a canning lifting mechanism is installed on the canning power vehicle, and the canning lifting material pipe is installed on the canning lifting mechanism.

[0018] The auxiliary material cooling system comprises a screw conveyor, a bucket elevator, a high-temperature bin and a slag cooler; the screw conveyor cooperates with the suction material bin; the inlet of the bucket elevator is connected with the screw conveyor, the outlet is connected with the high-temperature bin, and the high-temperature bin is connected with the slag cooler.

[0019] The paving material pipe assembly comprises a paving fixed material pipe and a paving lifting material pipe; the paving fixed material pipe is vertically and fixedly installed on a paving power vehicle, and the paving lifting material pipe is movably sleeved outside the paving fixed material pipe; a paving lifting mechanism is installed on the paving power vehicle, and the paving lifting material pipe and a compacting mechanism are both installed on the paving lifting mechanism.

[0020] The compacting mechanism comprises a rack, a motor and a compression roller; the rack is installed on the paving lifting mechanism, the motor and the compression roller are installed on the rack, and the motor is connected with the compression roller.

[0021] The suction material pipe comprises a swing pipe and a suction head; the swing pipe is rotatably installed on the suction material bin and communicates with a feeding inlet of the suction material bin; and the suction head is installed on the swing pipe and communicates with the swing pipe.

[0022] The canning material pipe assembly is multiple, and a part of the canning material pipe assembly is used for filling of the heat preservation material, and another part of the canning material pipe assembly is used for filling of the resistance material.

[0023] A working method of an auxiliary material and crucible assembling system of an Acheson graphitization furnace, comprising the following steps:

[0024] I. Auxiliary material preparation;

[0025] The auxiliary material stored in the stereoscopic warehouse is transported to an auxiliary material turnover system; empty canning material bins or flat laying material bins are placed in the auxiliary material turnover system by a travelling crane to fill various materials required, and the canning material bins or flat laying material bins after the preparation are lifted to a canning vehicle or a flat laying vehicle by the travelling crane;

[0026] II. Auxiliary material filling;

[0027] The auxiliary material is flat laid by the flat laying vehicle, and the working process is as follows:

[0028] 1) Feeding;

[0029] The flat laying vehicle is transported to the track by a shuttle vehicle, and the flat laying material bin is transported to the flat laying material bin roller on the flat laying vehicle by the travelling crane; the flat laying material bin is moved to the working position by the flat laying material bin roller, and the outlet of the flat laying material bin is connected with the flat laying fixed material pipe by manual operation;

[0030] 2) Flat laying;

[0031] The flat laying material pipe assembly is lowered to the bottom of the crucible by the flat laying lifting mechanism to start laying material, and the flat laying vehicle lays material while moving forward, and the compaction mechanism compacts the auxiliary material during the feeding process;

[0032] 3) Bin replacement;

[0033] When the flat laying material bin at the working position is filled with auxiliary material, the flat laying material pipe assembly is disconnected, the empty flat laying material bin is transported away by the travelling crane, and the new flat laying material bin is moved to the working position by the flat laying material bin roller to continue the flat laying work;

[0034] 4) Furnace replacement;

[0035] After the auxiliary material of all the crucibles in the furnace is flat laid and compacted, the flat laying material pipe assembly is lifted above the track by the flat laying lifting mechanism, and then is moved to the shuttle vehicle, and then is transported to other furnaces by the shuttle vehicle for flat laying work;

[0036] After the flat laying is completed, the auxiliary material is canned by the canning vehicle, and the working process is as follows:

[0037] 1) Feeding;

[0038] The canning vehicle is transported to the track by the shuttle vehicle, and the canning bin is transported to the canning bin roller on the canning vehicle by the crane; the canning bin runs to the working position through the canning bin roller, and the discharge port of the canning bin is manually connected with the canning fixed material pipe;

[0039] 2) Filling;

[0040] The canning lifting mechanism drives the canning material pipe assembly to sink to the bottom of the crucible to start feeding;

[0041] 3) Change bin;

[0042] When the canning bin at the working position is filled with auxiliary materials, the canning material pipe assembly is disconnected, the empty canning bin is transported away by the crane, and at the same time, a new canning bin runs to the working position through the canning bin roller to continue the filling work;

[0043] 4) Change furnace;

[0044] After filling the gaps between all crucibles and the auxiliary materials in the surrounding space, the canning material pipe assembly is lifted above the track by the canning lifting mechanism, and then runs to the shuttle vehicle, and then is transported to other furnaces by the shuttle vehicle for filling work;

[0045] Three, green crucible loading;

[0046] In the above steps, when the flat car completes the auxiliary material paving work at the lower part of the Acheson graphitization furnace, the taking and placing vehicle is transported to the track by the shuttle vehicle, and the green crucible loading is started by the taking and placing vehicle; the crucible is transported to the crucible roller of the taking and placing vehicle by the crane, the taking and placing vehicle moves to the working position; the grabbing mechanism moves above the first row of crucibles under the driving of the taking and placing lifting mechanism, after grabbing the crucible, the crucible retreats to the waiting position under the driving of the roller, the bottom supporting mechanism moves to the bottom of the crucible to support the bottom of the crucible to prevent the crucible from falling; the taking and placing lifting mechanism descends, and when the bottom of the crucible is away from the auxiliary material layer by a set distance, the bottom supporting plate of the bottom supporting mechanism is withdrawn; the taking and placing lifting mechanism continues to descend until the crucible is placed on the paving layer, and then the grabbing mechanism is released; the taking and placing lifting mechanism rises to the original position, and at the same time, the taking and placing vehicle moves forward to the second row of crucible placement position, and the above crucible placement steps are repeated to complete the loading of two rows of crucibles after two grabbing operations;

[0047] Four, auxiliary material discharge;

[0048] After graphitization is completed, the temperature in the furnace is waited to drop to the temperature at which the material can be sucked, and the suction vehicle is opened to the furnace to suck the heated high-temperature auxiliary material, and the working process of the suction operation is as follows:

[0049] 1) Suction;

[0050] The suction vehicle is transported to the track by the shuttle vehicle, the suction vehicle moves to the suction position of the furnace to be suctioned, and the auxiliary material is sucked into the suction bin through the suction pipe;

[0051] 2) Unloading;

[0052] When the suction bin is full, stop suction; the suction vehicle moves to the auxiliary material cooling system position, and the suction bin discharges high-temperature auxiliary material into the auxiliary material cooling system for cooling;

[0053] V. The finished crucible is discharged;

[0054] After graphitization is completed, the suction vehicle moves to other furnace bodies for suction after the auxiliary material is sucked clean, the taking and placing vehicle runs to the crucible discharging station to start taking the crucible, the taking and placing lifting mechanism drives the grabbing mechanism to descend to the head of the crucible, after the grabbing mechanism grabs the crucible, the taking and placing lifting mechanism lifts the crucible to the bottom of the crucible to expose the auxiliary material layer; the bottom supporting plate of the bottom supporting mechanism descends and moves horizontally to the bottom of the crucible, and supports the crucible; the taking and placing lifting mechanism continues to rise to the placing height of the crucible, and then descends, and the bottom supporting mechanism returns to its original position, so that the crucible is placed on the crucible roller way, and the grabbing mechanism is released, and the taking and placing lifting mechanism rises; the taking and placing vehicle moves forward, and the taking and placing lifting mechanism drives the grabbing mechanism to descend to start grabbing the second row of crucibles;

[0055] VI. Green powder filling and finished powder discharging;

[0056] The finished crucible is lifted by the crane to the crucible turnover system, the crucible turnover system sends the finished crucible into the powder replacement system, the powder replacement system takes out the finished powder in the finished crucible, and then fills the green powder into the crucible.

[0057] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following advantages and effects:

[0058] 1. The crucible can be accurately positioned, the placing accuracy is ensured, the efficiency of crucible charging and discharging is improved, the labor intensity of workers is reduced, and the transportation of the crucible is safe and reliable.

[0059] 2. The resistance material and the heat preservation material in the gap between the crucibles and on both sides can be filled at the same time, the dust dispersion is controlled during auxiliary material filling, the working environment is improved, the labor is reduced, and the working efficiency is improved; at the same time, the filling density of the resistance material is better than that of manual filling, so that the graphitization effect is ensured.

[0060] 3. The aerial suction crane can be replaced, the height of the graphitization workshop is reduced, the workshop is changed from a heavy-duty workshop to a general workshop, and the construction cost of the workshop is reduced. Compared with the suction crane, the weight of the suction vehicle is reduced, and the equipment is flexible to transport.

[0061] 4. The resistance material in the middle of the bottom or top surface of the crucible and the heat preservation material on both sides can be filled and leveled at the same time, the bottom surface of the crucible is ensured to be flat during auxiliary material leveling, the placing position of the crucible is controllable, the quality problem of the graphite crucible is reduced, and the graphitization effect is ensured. At the same time, the dust dispersion can be effectively controlled, the working environment is improved, the labor is reduced, and the working efficiency is improved.

[0062] 5. Flexible scheduling of each process in the graphitization workshop, smoother production rhythm, and improved production capacity. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0063] Figure 1 It is a top view structural schematic diagram of the embodiment of the application.

[0064] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the canning vehicle of the embodiment of the application.

[0065] Figure 3 It is a side view structural schematic diagram of the embodiment of the application. Figure 2

[0066] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the paving vehicle of the embodiment of the application.

[0067] Figure 5 It is a side view structural schematic diagram of the embodiment of the application. Figure 4

[0068] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the taking and placing vehicle of the embodiment of the application.

[0069] Figure 7 It is a side view structural schematic diagram of the embodiment of the application. Figure 6

[0070] It is an enlarged structural schematic diagram of part A in the embodiment of the application. Figure 8 Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the material suction vehicle of the embodiment of the application.

[0071] Figure 9 It is a top view structural schematic diagram of the embodiment of the application.

[0072] Figure 10 Figure 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of the cooperation of the material suction vehicle and the auxiliary material cooling system in the embodiment of the application.

[0073] Figure 11 It is a structural schematic diagram of the auxiliary material turnover system in the embodiment of the application.

[0074] Figure 12 It is a structural schematic diagram of the crucible turnover system and the powder replacement system in the embodiment of the application.

[0075] Figure 13 DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0076] The application will be further described in detail below in combination with the drawings and through embodiments, and the following embodiments are an explanation of the application and the application is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0077] ​​​​​The embodiment of the present application comprises a travelling crane 1, a stereoscopic warehouse 2, an auxiliary material turnover system 3, an auxiliary material cooling system 4, a crucible turnover system 5, a powder replacement system 6, a working vehicle 7, a track 12, a shuttle vehicle 13 and a screening machine 14. The working vehicle 7 comprises a canning vehicle 8, a flat laying vehicle 9, a taking and placing vehicle 10 and a suction material vehicle 11.

[0078] The travelling crane 1 is arranged above the Acheson graphitization furnace 15 and is used for the turnover of crucible trays, hoppers and the like in different zones on and under the furnace.

[0079] The stereoscopic warehouse 2 is arranged on one side of the Acheson graphitization furnace 15 and is used for the storage and transfer of raw materials, finished products and auxiliary materials. The stereoscopic warehouse 2 is provided with three upper and lower material inlets and outlets, which are respectively used for the inlet and outlet of finished products and raw materials, the inlet and outlet of carbon additives and the inlet and outlet of auxiliary materials.

[0080] The auxiliary material turnover system 3 is connected with the stereoscopic warehouse 2 through a roller way. The auxiliary material turnover system 3 comprises an auxiliary material unpacking machine 31, an auxiliary material buffer warehouse 32, an auxiliary material turnover platform 33 and a material bin moving roller way 34. The auxiliary material unpacking machine 31 and the auxiliary material buffer warehouse 32 are both installed on the auxiliary material turnover platform 33, and the auxiliary material unpacking machine 31 is connected with the auxiliary material buffer warehouse 32. The material bin moving roller way 34 is arranged below the auxiliary material buffer warehouse 32.

[0081] The crucible turnover system 5 comprises a cooked crucible storage area 51, a green crucible storage area 52, a cooked crucible tray removal area 53, a cooked crucible roller way 54, a green crucible roller way 55, a green crucible tray loading area 56 and a tray turnover area 57.

[0082] The cooked crucible storage area 51 cooperates with the cooked crucible tray removal area 53. The cooked crucible tray removal area 53 cooperates with the cooked crucible roller way 54. The cooked crucible roller way 54 is connected with the powder replacement system 6. The green crucible storage area 52 cooperates with the green crucible tray loading area 56. The green crucible tray loading area 56 cooperates with the green crucible roller way 55. The green crucible roller way 55 is connected with the powder replacement system 6. The tray turnover area 57 cooperates with the cooked crucible tray removal area 53 and the green crucible tray loading area 56. A mechanical hand is installed on the cooked crucible tray removal area 53 and the green crucible tray loading area 56.

[0083] The track 12 is fixedly arranged above the Acheson graphitization furnace 15. The shuttle vehicle 13 is arranged on the track 12 and cooperates with the canning vehicle 8, the flat laying vehicle 9, the taking and placing vehicle 10 and the suction material vehicle 11.

[0084] The canning vehicle 8 comprises a vibrating device 8.1, a canning lifting mechanism 8.2, a canning material pipe assembly 8.3, a canning power vehicle 8.4, a canning material bin roller way 8.5 and a canning material bin 8.6.

[0085] The tank power vehicle 8.4 is arranged on the track 12, the tank vehicle 8 moves back and forth on the track 12 through the tank power vehicle 8.4, and the tank power vehicle 8.4 is powered by the slide wire or the lithium battery. The tank power vehicle 8.4 is driven by the rack and pinion form, which prevents slipping and accurately positions the tank power vehicle 8.4.

[0086] The tank material bin roller 8.5 is installed on the top of the tank power vehicle 8.4.

[0087] The tank material bin 8.6 is placed on the tank material bin roller 8.5, and the tank material bin roller 8.5 transports the tank material bin 8.6. The tank material bin 8.6 is two, one is used for auxiliary material filling, and the other is used for standby material. After the filling is completed, the tank material bin 8.6 is transported to the auxiliary material buffer area by the crane 1, and the standby tank material bin 8.6 is transported to the working position by the tank material bin roller 8.5 to continue filling, thereby improving the auxiliary material filling efficiency. The tank material bin 8.6 is proportionally configured in internal volume according to the total amount of material required by each filling area, and the slope of the tank bottom is designed considering the material pile angle. The tank material bin 8.6 is provided with a plug valve on the discharge port of each cone bottom.

[0088] The tank material pipe assembly 8.3 includes a tank fixed material pipe 8.31 and a tank lifting material pipe 8.32. The tank fixed material pipe 8.31 is vertically fixedly installed on the tank power vehicle 8.4, and the tank lifting material pipe 8.32 is movably sleeved outside the tank fixed material pipe 8.31. The tank lifting material pipe 8.32 can be provided with two sections. The top pipe opening of the tank fixed material pipe 8.31 is a feeding opening, which adopts a horn opening and an elastic device to facilitate the butt joint with the discharge opening of the tank material bin 8.6 while ensuring sealing and preventing material leakage. The tank material pipe assembly 8.3 is multiple, uniformly arranged according to the crucible gap, connected into an integral whole, and can be lifted as a whole, which ensures rigidity and simplifies the lifting device, and is reliable and practical. A part of the tank material pipe assembly 8.3 is used for filling the heat preservation material, and this part of the tank material pipe assembly 8.3 is located on both sides and designed as a rectangular flat pipe. Another part of the tank material pipe assembly 8.3 is used for filling the resistance material, and this part of the tank material pipe assembly 8.3 is located in the middle and designed as a circular pipe.

[0089] The tank lifting mechanism 8.2 is installed on the tank power vehicle 8.4 and driven by a chain wheel and chain. The tank lifting material pipe 8.32 and the vibration device 8.1 are both installed on the tank lifting mechanism 8.2, and the tank lifting mechanism 8.2 drives the tank lifting material pipe 8.32 and the vibration device 8.1 to lift, and the lifting stroke includes the height required for the tank material pipe assembly 8.3 to stretch out and retract, and the lowest point of the material pipe after filling is lifted above the track 12. The vibration device 8.1 continuously vibrates during the filling of the auxiliary material to ensure the flow and filling of the auxiliary material, and there is no gap.

[0090] The paving vehicle 9 comprises a compacting mechanism 9.1, a paving lifting mechanism 9.2, a paving pipe assembly 9.3, a paving power vehicle 9.4, a paving bunker roller 9.5, and a paving bunker 9.6.

[0091] The paving power vehicle 9.4 is arranged on the track 12, the paving vehicle 9 moves back and forth on the track 12 through the paving power vehicle 9.4, and the paving power vehicle 9.4 is powered by a slide wire or a lithium battery. The paving power vehicle 9.4 is driven by a rack and pinion mechanism, which prevents slipping and accurately positions the vehicle.

[0092] The paving bunker roller 9.5 is installed on the top of the paving power vehicle 9.4.

[0093] The paving bunker 9.6 is placed on the paving bunker roller 9.5, and the paving bunker roller 9.5 transports the paving bunker 9.6. The paving bunker 9.6 is designed to have two parts, one for paving and the other for standby. After paving is completed, the paving bunker 9.6 is transported to the standby area by the travelling crane 1, and the standby paving bunker 9.6 is transported to the working position by the paving bunker roller 9.5 to continue paving, thereby improving the efficiency of auxiliary paving. The internal volume of the paving bunker 9.6 is configured in proportion to the total amount of material required for each filling area, and the slope of the tank bottom is designed considering the material's angle of repose. The discharge port at the bottom of each cone of the paving bunker 9.6 is provided with a plug valve.

[0094] The paving pipe assembly 9.3 comprises a paving fixed pipe 9.31 and a paving lifting pipe 9.32. The paving fixed pipe 9.31 is vertically fixedly installed on the paving power vehicle 9.4, and the paving lifting pipe 9.32 is movably sleeved outside the paving fixed pipe 9.31. The paving lifting pipe 9.32 can have two sections. The paving pipe assembly 9.3 is multiple and uniformly arranged along the width direction of the crucible to uniformly pave the material. The paving pipe assembly 9.3 is connected as a whole and can be lifted as a whole, which ensures rigidity and simplifies the lifting device, making it reliable and practical. Part of the paving pipe assembly 9.3 is used for paving the insulation material, and this part is located on both sides. The other part of the paving pipe assembly 9.3 is used for paving the resistance material, and this part is located in the middle. The paving pipe assembly 9.3 is a rectangular flat pipe, and the working mode is to pave the material while moving along the side of the paving vehicle. A scraper is arranged at the back of the bottom of the paving lifting pipe 9.32 to ensure the flatness of the paving.

[0095] The paving lifting mechanism 9.2 is installed on the paving power vehicle 9.4 and driven by a chain wheel and chain. The paving lifting pipe 9.32 and the compacting mechanism 9.1 are both installed on the paving lifting mechanism 9.2, which drives the paving lifting pipe 9.32 and the compacting mechanism 9.1 to lift. The lifting stroke includes the height required for the paving pipe assembly 9.3 to stretch up and down and the height required for the lowest point of the pipe to rise above the track 8 after paving is completed.

[0096] The compacting mechanism 9.1 compacts the auxiliary materials during the auxiliary material paving process. The compacting mechanism 9.1 comprises a rack 9.11, a motor and a compression roller 9.22, the rack 9.11 is installed on the paving lifting mechanism 9.2, the motor and the compression roller 9.22 are installed on the rack 9.11, and the motor is connected with the compression roller 9.22. During the auxiliary material paving process, the motor drives the compression roller 9.22 to rotate continuously, so as to ensure the flow of the auxiliary materials and compact and level the auxiliary materials.

[0097] The taking and placing vehicle 10 comprises a taking and placing power vehicle 10.1, a taking and placing lifting mechanism 10.2, a grabbing mechanism 10.3, a bottom supporting mechanism 10.6 and a crucible roller 10.5.

[0098] The taking and placing power vehicle 10.1 is arranged on the track 12, the taking and placing vehicle 10 moves back and forth on the track 12 through the taking and placing power vehicle 10.1, and the taking and placing power vehicle 10.1 is provided with power supply in the form of slide contact line or lithium battery.

[0099] The crucible roller 10.5 is installed on the top of the taking and placing power vehicle 10.1. The crucible roller 10.5 is provided with a tray, and the tray can move on the roller to cooperate with the taking and placing of the crucible.

[0100] The taking and placing lifting mechanism 10.2 is installed on the taking and placing power vehicle 10.1, and the taking and placing lifting mechanism 10.2 comprises a lifting driving mechanism 10.21 and a lifting platform 10.22. The lifting platform 10.22 is installed on the taking and placing power vehicle 10.1 in a lifting manner, the lifting driving mechanism 10.21 is connected with the lifting platform 10.22, drives the lifting platform 10.22 to lift, and the lifting driving mechanism 10.21 can adopt a motor sprocket and chain drive. The grabbing mechanism 10.3 and the bottom supporting mechanism 10.6 are both installed on the lifting platform 10.22, and the taking and placing lifting mechanism 10.2 drives the grabbing mechanism 10.3 and the bottom supporting mechanism 10.6 to lift, and the grabbing mechanism 10.3 and the bottom supporting mechanism 10.6 can be lifted above the track 12.

[0101] The grabbing mechanism 10.3 is multiple, and is uniformly arranged along the width direction of the crucible. The grabbing mechanism 10.3 is connected as a whole and can be lifted as a whole, which can ensure rigidity, simplify the lifting device and be reliable and practical. The grabbing mechanism 10.3 comprises a four-jaw manipulator 10.31 and an oil cylinder 10.32, the oil cylinder 10.32 is connected with the four-jaw manipulator 10.31, and the four-jaw manipulator 10.31 grabs the crucible by the oil cylinder 10.32, so as to ensure the reliable grabbing of the crucible.

[0102] The bottoming mechanism 10.6 comprises a bottoming frame 10.61, a horizontal drive cylinder 10.62, a vertical drive cylinder 10.63, a bottoming plate support 10.64 and a bottoming plate 10.65. The bottoming frame 10.61 is horizontally slidingly installed on the lifting platform 10.22; the horizontal drive cylinder 10.62 is horizontally installed on the lifting platform 10.22 and connected with the bottoming frame 10.61 to drive the bottoming frame 10.61 to horizontally move; the bottoming plate support 10.64 is vertically slidingly installed on the bottoming frame 10.61; the vertical drive cylinder 10.63 is vertically installed on the bottoming frame 10.61 and connected with the bottoming plate support 10.64 to drive the bottoming plate support 10.64 to vertically move; and the bottoming plate 10.65 is fixed to the bottom of the bottoming plate support 10.64. After the four-jaw manipulator 10.31 grabs the crucible, the horizontal drive cylinder 10.62 drives the bottoming frame 10.61 to horizontally move, and the vertical drive cylinder 10.63 drives the bottoming plate support 10.64 to vertically move, so that the bottoming plate 10.65 moves to the bottom of the crucible to support the crucible and prevent it from falling during operation.

[0103] The suction vehicle 11 comprises a suction power vehicle 11.1, a suction pipe 11.2, a suction bin 11.3, a dust removal mechanism 11.4 and a cooling mechanism 11.5.

[0104] The suction power vehicle 11.1 is arranged on the track 12, and the suction vehicle 11 moves back and forth on the track 12 through the suction power vehicle 11.1. The suction power vehicle 11.1 is powered by the slide wire or the lithium battery.

[0105] The suction bin 11.3, the dust removal mechanism 11.4 and the cooling mechanism 11.5 are all installed on the suction power vehicle 11.1, and the dust removal mechanism 11.4 and the cooling mechanism 11.5 are connected with the suction bin 11.3 to cool and dust the suction bin 11.3. The dust removal mechanism 11.4 is provided with a cyclone dust collector, a bag dust collector and a Roots blower.

[0106] The suction pipe 11.2 is connected with the suction bin 11.3. The suction pipe 11.2 comprises a swing pipe 11.21 and a suction head 11.22; the swing pipe 11.21 is rotationally installed on the suction bin 11.3 and communicates with the feeding port of the suction bin 11.3, and can swing within 180° direction; and the suction head 11.22 is installed on the swing pipe 11.21 and communicates with the swing pipe 11.21. The suction head 11.22 can adopt a lifting type suction head, and through the longitudinal back-and-forth movement of the suction vehicle 11 and the up-and-down lifting and swinging of the suction head, all areas in the furnace can be conveniently covered, and the suction requirement can be met.

[0107] The auxiliary material cooling system 4 is arranged at the tail end area of the furnace, and the auxiliary material cooling system 4 comprises a screw conveyor 4.1, a bucket elevator 4.2, a high-temperature bin 4.3, a slag cooler 4.4 and a discharge chute 4.5. The screw conveyor 4.1 is matched with the suction bin 11.3, the suction vehicle 11 moves to the discharge position at the tail end of the furnace after being filled with materials, and the suction bin 11.3 is connected with the screw conveyor 4.1 to discharge materials. The inlet of the bucket elevator 4.2 is connected with the screw conveyor 4.1 through the discharge chute 4.5, the outlet is connected with the high-temperature bin 4.3, the high-temperature bin 4.3 is connected with the slag cooler 4.4, and the materials on the screw conveyor 4.1 are conveyed to the high-temperature bin 4.3 at a high position through the bucket elevator 4.2, and then enter the slag cooler 4.4.

[0108] The slag cooler 4.4 is connected with the screening machine 14.

[0109] A working method of an auxiliary material and crucible assembly system of an Acheson graphitization furnace, comprising the following steps:

[0110] I. Auxiliary material preparation

[0111] After the auxiliary materials stored in the stereoscopic warehouse 2 are discharged, they are automatically conveyed to the auxiliary material turnover system 3 through the roller way, unpacked in the auxiliary material unpacking machine 31, and then the unpacked materials enter the auxiliary material buffer bin 32. The empty tank loading bin 8.6 or the flat laying bin 9.6 is placed on the bin moving roller way 34 by the travelling crane, the tank loading bin 8.6 or the flat laying bin 9.6 is conveyed to the position below the auxiliary material buffer bin 32 by the bin moving roller way 34, and after the tank loading bin 8.6 or the flat laying bin 9.6 is connected with the auxiliary material buffer bin 32, the required various materials are filled in the tank loading bin 8.6 or the flat laying bin 9.6 according to the requirements of the material preparation, the tank loading bin 8.6 or the flat laying bin 9.6 after the material preparation is completed is conveyed to the buffer position by the bin moving roller way 34, and is hoisted to the tank loading vehicle 8 or the flat laying vehicle 9 by the travelling crane.

[0112] II. Auxiliary material filling

[0113] The Acheson graphitization furnace 15 is divided into upper, middle and lower parts, wherein the upper part is auxiliary material such as furnace top insulation material, the middle part is auxiliary material such as inter-crucible gap resistance material, box plate insulation material and side insulation material, and the lower part is auxiliary material such as furnace bottom resistance material, furnace bottom insulation material and furnace bottom carbon black.

[0114] Firstly, the flat laying vehicle 9 completes the auxiliary material flat laying work of the lower part of the Acheson graphitization furnace 15, and the one-time flat laying of different materials in several columns in a single layer can be simultaneously completed. After the first layer of crucibles is arranged, the tank loading vehicle 8 is used to lay the auxiliary material required for the gap between the first layer of crucibles and the surrounding space; after the second layer of crucibles is arranged, the tank loading vehicle 8 is used to lay the auxiliary material required for the gap between the second layer of crucibles and the surrounding space; and then the flat laying vehicle 9 is used to complete the auxiliary material flat laying work of the upper part of the furnace Acheson graphitization furnace 15.

[0115] The completed flat laying bin 9.6 in the auxiliary material turnover system 3 is transported to the hopper buffer position of the flat laying vehicle 9 by the travelling crane 1, and then the flat laying vehicle 9 automatically lays the material. After the material in the flat laying bin 9.6 is completely laid, the empty flat laying bin 9.6 is transported to the empty hopper position of the auxiliary material buffer area by the travelling crane 1, and a new full flat laying bin 9.6 is transported to the flat laying vehicle 9. In this way, the efficiency of the travelling crane 1 is ensured. The furnace head and tail insulation material needs to be filled manually due to space reasons.

[0116] In the above process, the work flow of the auxiliary material flat laying operation of the flat laying vehicle 9 is as follows:

[0117] 1) Loading.

[0118] The flat laying vehicle 9 is transported to the track 12 by the shuttle vehicle 13, and the flat laying bin 9.6 is transported from the buffer area to the flat laying bin roller 9.5 on the flat laying vehicle 9 by the travelling crane. The flat laying bin 9.6 runs to the working position through the flat laying bin roller 9.5, and the outlet of the flat laying bin 9.6 is manually connected to the flat laying fixed material pipe 9.31. The auxiliary material is laid by moving the flat laying vehicle 9 according to the laying rate.

[0119] 2) Laying.

[0120] The flat laying lifting mechanism 9.2 drives the flat laying lifting material pipe 9.32 of the flat laying material pipe assembly 9.3 to sink to the bottom of the crucible to start laying the material. The flat laying vehicle 9 moves forward while laying the material, and the scraper flattens the laid auxiliary material to control dust. At the same time, the compression roller 9.22 continuously rotates to compact the auxiliary material during the auxiliary material filling process. After filling one layer of the lower or upper part of the crucible, the flat laying vehicle 9 moves to the furnace head to start the next layer of the lower or upper part of the crucible, and lays the auxiliary material from back to front again.

[0121] 3) Bin replacement.

[0122] When the flat laying bin 9.6 at the working position is filled with auxiliary material, the bottom plug valve of the flat laying bin 9.6 is manually closed, and the flat laying material pipe assembly 9.3 is disconnected. The empty flat laying bin 9.6 is transported away by the travelling crane, and the flat laying bin 9.6 at the waiting position is transported to the working position by the flat laying bin roller 9.5 to continue the laying work.

[0123] 4) Furnace replacement.

[0124] After completing the laying and compacting of the auxiliary material on the bottom or top surface of all the crucibles in the furnace, the flat laying lifting mechanism 9.2 lifts the flat laying lifting material pipe 9.32 of the flat laying material pipe assembly 9.3 above the track 12, and then runs to the shuttle vehicle 13, which then transports it to other furnaces for flat laying work.

[0125] In the above process, the work flow of the auxiliary material tank filling operation of the tank filling vehicle 8 is as follows:

[0126] 1) Loading.

[0127] The ladle truck 8 is transported to the track 12 on the furnace by the shuttle 13, and the ladle bin 8.6 is transported from the buffer area to the ladle bin roller 8.5 on the ladle truck 8 by the crane. The ladle bin 8.6 is transported to the working position by the ladle bin roller 8.5, and the discharge port of the ladle bin 8.6 is manually connected with the ladle fixed material pipe 8.31. The ladle truck 8 is moved according to the gap between the crucibles and the peripheral space position to fill the auxiliary material.

[0128] 2), filling.

[0129] The ladle lifting mechanism 8.2 drives the ladle lifting material pipe 8.32 of the ladle material pipe assembly 8.3 to sink to the bottom of the crucible to start filling, and slowly raises the ladle lifting material pipe 8.32 of the ladle material pipe assembly 8.3 to control dust. After filling the gap between a row of crucibles, the ladle truck 8 moves to the next row to fill from bottom to top again.

[0130] 3), change bin.

[0131] When the ladle bin 8.6 at the working position is filled with auxiliary material, the bottom plug valve of the ladle bin 8.6 is manually closed, and the ladle material pipe assembly 8.3 is disconnected. The empty ladle bin 8.6 is transported away by the crane, and the ladle bin 8.6 at the waiting position is transported to the working position by the ladle bin roller 8.5 to continue the filling work.

[0132] 4), change furnace.

[0133] After filling the gap between all the crucibles and the peripheral space with auxiliary material, the ladle lifting mechanism 8.2 lifts the ladle lifting material pipe 8.32 of the ladle material pipe assembly 8.3 above the track 12, and then runs to the shuttle 13, and then is transported to other furnaces by the shuttle 13 for filling work.

[0134] Three, green crucible loading.

[0135] In the above steps, when the paving vehicle 9 completes the auxiliary material paving work at the lower part of the Acheson graphitization furnace 15, the green crucible loading furnace is started by the taking and placing vehicle 10. Each tray is loaded with 10 green crucibles, and the full tray is transported to the crucible roller 10.5 of the taking and placing vehicle 10 at the buffer position by the travelling crane 1, and the taking and placing vehicle 10 moves to the working position; the grabbing mechanism 10.3 moves to above the first column of crucibles under the driving of the taking and placing lifting mechanism 10.2, after grabbing the crucibles, the tray retreats to the waiting station under the driving of the roller, the bottom supporting mechanism 10.6 moves to the bottom of the crucible to support the bottom of the crucible to prevent the crucible from falling; the taking and placing lifting mechanism 10.2 descends, and when the bottom of the crucible is 100 mm away from the auxiliary material layer, the bottom supporting plate 10.65 of the bottom supporting mechanism 10.6 is withdrawn; the taking and placing lifting mechanism 10.2 continues to descend until the crucible is placed on the paving layer, and then the grabbing mechanism 10.3 is released; the taking and placing lifting mechanism 10.2 rises back to the original position, and at the same time, the crucible trolley moves forward to the second column of crucible placement positions; the tray drives the second column of crucibles to the bottom of the grabbing mechanism 10.3 under the driving of the crucible roller 10.5, and the above crucible placement steps are repeated to complete the loading of two columns of crucibles after grabbing twice. The empty tray retreats to the waiting station of the crucible roller 10.5, and the empty tray is taken back to the buffer empty tray position by the travelling crane 1, and then the travelling crane 1 transports the new green crucible and tray to the taking and placing vehicle 10.

[0136] Four, power heating.

[0137] After the crucible and auxiliary material are filled, power heating can be performed according to the process requirements.

[0138] Five, auxiliary material discharging.

[0139] After graphitization is completed, the suction vehicle 11 is opened to the furnace to suck the heated high-temperature auxiliary material when the temperature in the furnace decreases to the suction temperature. The working process of the suction work is as follows:

[0140] 1) Suction.

[0141] Before suction, the auxiliary material at the air vent of the furnace top is first cleaned by the remote control grab bucket; the suction vehicle 11 moves to the suction furnace position by the transfer vehicle, adjusts the position of the suction head 11.22 up and down, starts to suck the material by swinging the suction head 11.22 and moving the suction vehicle 11 longitudinally, and sucks 100 mm thick material per layer. The height of the suction head 11.22 is adjusted to suck the material layer by layer, and the suction is stopped when the red material (more than 400 degrees Celsius) is sucked. The material needs to be cooled again to the suction temperature before the suction is performed again. Since the temperature of the auxiliary material is very high, the depth of the suction pipe 11.2 is adjusted according to the temperature of the sucked material each time to prevent high-temperature material from being sucked into the suction bin 11.3, affecting the quality of the equipment and the operating efficiency.

[0142] 2) Unloading.

[0143] When the suction bin 11.3 is full, stop suction, and the suction vehicle 11 moves to the unloading position at the end of the furnace. After the suction bin 11.3 is connected to the screw conveyor 4.1, unloading is performed. When the dust in the dust removal mechanism 11.4 is full, it can also be connected to the screw conveyor 4.1 for unloading. The material on the screw conveyor 4.1 enters the bucket elevator 4.2 through the unloading chute, and then is transported to the high-temperature bin 4.3 at a high place, and then enters the slag cooler 4.4. After the suction vehicle 11 is emptied, the suction vehicle 11 moves to the original suction position to continue suction.

[0144] After the auxiliary material enters the slag cooler 4.4 for cooling, it is transported to the screening machine 14 for screening. The screened auxiliary material is packaged according to specifications. Then it enters the vertical warehouse for storage and transfer.

[0145] 3) Transfer.

[0146] After the in-furnace insulation material and resistance material are sucked, the crucible unloading process will be performed. The crucible unloading will be completed by the grabbing crucible trolley. At this time, the suction vehicle 11 will move to other suction material furnace positions through the transfer vehicle 13 to continue the suction work.

[0147] Six, mature crucible unloading.

[0148] After the graphitization is completed, the suction vehicle 11 completes the suction of the auxiliary material on the upper part and both sides of the crucible, and then manually removes the auxiliary material adhered to the crucible. The suction vehicle 11 moves to other furnaces through the transfer vehicle 13 to perform suction, and the taking and placing vehicle 10 moves to the furnace head to start taking the crucible. The taking and placing vehicle 10 runs to the crucible unloading station and performs precise positioning. The taking and placing lifting mechanism 10.2 drives the five sets of grabbing mechanisms 10.3 to descend to the head of the crucible. The oil cylinder 10.32 drives the four-jaw mechanical hand 10.31 to grab the same column of five crucibles respectively. The taking and placing lifting mechanism 10.2 lifts the crucible to the bottom of the crucible to expose the auxiliary material layer. The bottom plate 10.65 of the bottom supporting mechanism 10.6 descends and moves horizontally to the bottom of the crucible to support the crucible to prevent it from falling. The taking and placing lifting mechanism 10.2 continues to rise to the crucible placement height. The tray runs to the crucible placement position under the drive of the crucible roller 10.5. The taking and placing lifting mechanism 10.2 descends, and the bottom supporting mechanism 10.6 returns to the original position. After the crucible is placed on the tray, the grabbing mechanism 10.3 is released, and the taking and placing lifting mechanism 10.2 rises. The tray retreats, and the taking and placing vehicle 10 moves forward. The taking and placing lifting mechanism 10.2 drives the grabbing mechanism 10.3 to descend to grab the second column of crucibles. After the tray is filled with two columns of crucibles, the crane 1 transports the tray filled with crucibles to the mature crucible storage area 51.

[0149] Seven, green powder filling and mature powder unloading.

[0150] The in-furnace matured crucible is hoisted by the travelling crane 1 to the tray and the matured crucible to the matured crucible storage area 51 for cooling, and the cooled matured crucible is transported to the matured crucible tray separating area 53 by a roller way or other means, the separation of the matured crucible and the tray is completed by the mechanical arm of the matured crucible tray separating area 53, and then the matured crucible is sent to the matured crucible roller way 54 by the mechanical arm, and the tray is sent to the tray circulation area 57; the matured crucible roller way 54 sends the matured crucible into the powder replacing system 6, the powder replacing system 6 takes out the matured powder in the crucible, and then fills the green powder into the crucible; the filled green crucible is transported to the green crucible tray area 56 by the green crucible roller way 55, the tray is taken out from the tray circulation area 57 by the mechanical arm of the green crucible tray area 56, then the green crucible is placed on the tray, and then the green crucible and the tray are sent to the green crucible storage area 52 by the mechanical arm, and wait for being loaded into the furnace.

[0151] In addition, it should be noted that the specific embodiments described in the specification, the shape of the zero, the components, the name taken, etc. can be different, and the above described in the specification is only an example of the structure of the present application. Any equivalent changes or simple changes made according to the structure, features and principles described in the patent concept of the present application are included in the protection scope of the present application. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications or supplements or use similar ways to replace the described specific embodiments, as long as they do not deviate from the structure of the present application or exceed the scope defined by the present claims, which shall belong to the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An assembly system for the refractory and crucible of an Acheson graphitization furnace, characterized by: It includes overhead cranes, automated storage and retrieval systems, auxiliary material cooling systems, auxiliary material turnover systems, crucible turnover systems, powder replacement systems, work vehicles and tracks. The work vehicles include tank trucks, leveling trucks, pick-and-place trucks and suction trucks. The overhead crane is positioned above the Atchison graphitization furnace; the automated storage and retrieval system is located on one side of the Atchison graphitization furnace; the auxiliary material turnover system is connected to the automated storage and retrieval system; and the crucible turnover system is connected to the powder replacement system. The track is fixedly installed above the Atchison graphitization furnace; The tanker truck includes a tanker lifting mechanism, a tanker material pipe assembly, a tanker power vehicle, a tanker material hopper roller conveyor, and a tanker material hopper; the tanker power vehicle is mounted on a track; the tanker material hopper roller conveyor is mounted on the tanker power vehicle; the tanker material hopper is placed on the tanker material hopper roller conveyor; the tanker material pipe assembly is mounted on the tanker power vehicle; and the tanker lifting mechanism is connected to the tanker material pipe assembly. The paving vehicle includes a compaction mechanism, a paving lifting mechanism, a paving material pipe assembly, a paving power vehicle, a paving material hopper roller conveyor, and a paving material hopper; the paving power vehicle is mounted on a track; the paving material hopper roller conveyor is installed on the paving power vehicle; the paving material hopper is placed on the paving material hopper roller conveyor; the paving material pipe assembly and the compaction mechanism are both connected to the paving lifting mechanism; The loading and unloading vehicle includes a loading and unloading power vehicle, a loading and unloading lifting mechanism, a gripping mechanism, a bottom-supporting mechanism, and a crucible roller conveyor. The loading and unloading power vehicle is mounted on a track. The crucible roller conveyor is installed on the loading and unloading power vehicle. The loading and unloading lifting mechanism is installed on the loading and unloading power vehicle and includes a lifting drive mechanism and a lifting platform. The lifting platform is mounted on the loading and unloading power vehicle, and the lifting drive mechanism is connected to the lifting platform. The gripping mechanism and the bottom-supporting mechanism are both installed on the lifting platform. The bottom-supporting mechanism includes a bottom-supporting frame, a horizontal drive cylinder, a vertical drive cylinder, a bottom-supporting plate bracket, and a bottom-supporting plate. The bottom-supporting frame is horizontally slidably mounted on the lifting platform. The horizontal drive cylinder is horizontally mounted on the lifting platform and connected to the bottom-supporting frame. The bottom-supporting plate bracket is vertically slidably mounted on the bottom-supporting frame. The vertical drive cylinder is vertically mounted on the bottom-supporting frame and connected to the bottom-supporting plate bracket. The base plate is fixed to the bottom of the base plate bracket; The material suction vehicle includes a material suction power vehicle, a material suction pipe, and a material suction hopper; the material suction power vehicle is set on a track; the material suction hopper is installed on the material suction power vehicle; the material suction pipe is connected to the material suction hopper; the material suction vehicle works in conjunction with the auxiliary material cooling system.

2. The Acheson graphitization furnace charge and crucible assembly system of claim 1, wherein: The auxiliary material turnover system includes an auxiliary material unpacking machine, an auxiliary material buffer bin, an auxiliary material turnover platform, and a silo moving roller conveyor; both the auxiliary material unpacking machine and the auxiliary material buffer bin are installed on the auxiliary material turnover platform, and the auxiliary material unpacking machine is connected to the auxiliary material buffer bin; the silo moving roller conveyor is located below the auxiliary material buffer bin.

3. The Acheson graphitization furnace charge and crucible assembly system of claim 1, wherein: The crucible turnover system includes a cooked crucible storage area, a raw crucible storage area, a cooked crucible unloading area, a cooked crucible roller conveyor, a raw crucible roller conveyor, a raw crucible loading area, and a pallet turnover area. The cooked crucible storage area works in conjunction with the cooked crucible unloading area; the cooked crucible unloading area works in conjunction with the cooked crucible roller conveyor; the cooked crucible roller conveyor is connected to the powder replacement system; the raw crucible storage area works in conjunction with the raw crucible loading area; the raw crucible loading area works in conjunction with the raw crucible roller conveyor; the raw crucible roller conveyor is connected to the powder replacement system; and the pallet turnover area works in conjunction with the cooked crucible unloading area and the raw crucible loading area.

4. The Acheson graphitization furnace charge and crucible assembly system of claim 1, wherein: The canning material pipe assembly comprises a canning fixed material pipe and a canning lifting material pipe, the canning fixed material pipe is vertically fixedly installed on a canning power vehicle, and the canning lifting material pipe is movably sleeved outside the canning fixed material pipe; a canning lifting mechanism is installed on the canning power vehicle, and the canning lifting material pipe is installed on the canning lifting mechanism.

5. The Acheson graphitization furnace charge and crucible assembly system of claim 1, wherein: The auxiliary material cooling system comprises a screw conveyor, a bucket elevator, a high-temperature material bin and a slag cooler; the screw conveyor is matched with the material suction bin; the inlet of the bucket elevator is connected with the screw conveyor, the outlet is connected with the high-temperature material bin, and the high-temperature material bin is connected with the slag cooler.

6. The Acheson graphitization furnace charge and crucible assembly system of claim 1, wherein: The paving material pipe assembly comprises a paving fixed material pipe and a paving lifting material pipe, the paving fixed material pipe is vertically fixedly installed on a paving power vehicle, and the paving lifting material pipe is movably sleeved outside the paving fixed material pipe; a paving lifting mechanism is installed on the paving power vehicle, and the paving lifting material pipe and a compaction mechanism are both installed on the paving lifting mechanism.

7. The Acheson graphitization furnace charge and crucible assembly system of claim 1, wherein: The compaction mechanism comprises a rack, a motor and a compression roller, the rack is installed on the paving lifting mechanism, the motor and the compression roller are installed on the rack, and the motor is connected with the compression roller.

8. The Acheson graphitization furnace charge and crucible assembly system of claim 1, wherein: The material suction pipe comprises a swing pipe and a material suction head; the swing pipe is rotatably installed on the material suction bin and is communicated with the feeding port of the material suction bin; the material suction head is installed on the swing pipe and is communicated with the swing pipe.

9. The Acheson graphitization furnace charge and crucible assembly system of claim 1, wherein: The canning material pipe assembly is multiple, a part of the canning material pipe assemblies are used for filling of the heat preservation material, and another part of the canning material pipe assemblies are used for filling of the resistance material; the paving material pipe assembly is multiple, a part of the paving material pipe assemblies are used for paving of the heat preservation material, and another part of the paving material pipe assemblies are used for paving of the resistance material.

10. A working method of the auxiliary material and crucible assembly system of the Acheson graphitization furnace according to any one of claims 1-9, comprising the following steps: I. Auxiliary material preparation; After the auxiliary material stored in the stereoscopic warehouse is taken out, it is conveyed to the auxiliary material turnover system; the empty canning material bin or paving material bin is placed into the auxiliary material turnover system by the travelling crane to be filled with various materials required, and the canning material bin or paving material bin after the material filling is completed is hoisted to the canning vehicle or paving vehicle by the travelling crane; II. Auxiliary material filling; The auxiliary material paving work is carried out by the paving vehicle, and the working process is as follows: 1) Feeding; The paving vehicle is transported to the track by the transfer vehicle, the paving material bin is transported to the paving material bin roller on the paving vehicle by the travelling crane, the paving material bin is moved to the working position through the paving material bin roller, and the outlet of the paving material bin is manually connected with the paving fixed material pipe; 2) Paving; The paving lifting mechanism drives the paving material pipe assembly to sink to the bottom of the crucible to start paving, the paving vehicle moves forward while paving, and the compaction mechanism compacts the auxiliary material during the auxiliary material feeding; 3) Bin replacement; When the auxiliary material in the working position is filled, the paving material pipe assembly is disconnected, the empty paving material bin is transported away by the travelling crane, and the new paving material bin is moved to the working position through the paving material bin roller to continue the paving work; 4) Furnace replacement; After the auxiliary material in all the crucibles in the furnace is paved and compacted, the paving material pipe assembly is lifted to above the track by the paving lifting mechanism, and then is transported to other furnaces by the transfer vehicle to carry out the paving work; After the paving is completed, the auxiliary material canning work is carried out by the canning vehicle, and the working process is as follows: 1) Feeding; The canning vehicle is transported to the track by the shuttle vehicle, and the canning bin is transported to the canning bin roller on the canning vehicle by the crane. The canning bin runs to the working position through the canning bin roller, and the outlet of the canning bin is manually connected with the canning fixed material pipe; 2) filling; The canning lifting mechanism drives the canning material pipe assembly to sink to the bottom of the crucible to start feeding; 3) changing bin; When the canning bin at the working position is filled with auxiliary materials, the canning material pipe assembly is disconnected, the empty canning bin is transported away by the crane, and at the same time, the new canning bin runs to the working position through the canning bin roller to continue the filling work; 4) changing furnace; After the gap between all crucibles and the auxiliary material filling of the surrounding space are completed, the canning lifting mechanism lifts the canning material pipe assembly above the track, and then runs to the shuttle vehicle, and then is transported to other furnaces by the shuttle vehicle for filling work; Three, green crucible loading; In the above steps, when the flat vehicle completes the auxiliary material paving work at the lower part of the Acheson graphitization furnace, the taking and placing vehicle is transported to the track by the shuttle vehicle, and the green crucible loading is started by the taking and placing vehicle. The crucible is transported to the crucible roller of the taking and placing vehicle by the crane, and the taking and placing vehicle moves to the working position. The grabbing mechanism moves to the top of the first row of crucibles under the driving of the taking and placing lifting mechanism, and after grabbing the crucible, the crucible retreats to the waiting position under the driving of the roller. The bottom supporting mechanism moves to the bottom of the crucible to support the bottom of the crucible to prevent the crucible from falling. The taking and placing lifting mechanism descends, and when the bottom of the crucible is away from the auxiliary material layer by a set distance, the bottom supporting plate of the bottom supporting mechanism is withdrawn. The taking and placing lifting mechanism continues to descend until the crucible is placed on the paving layer, and then the grabbing mechanism is released. The taking and placing lifting mechanism rises back to the original position, and at the same time, the taking and placing vehicle moves forward to the second row of crucible placement positions. The above crucible placement steps are repeated, and two rows of crucibles are loaded after two grabbing operations; Four, auxiliary material discharge; After graphitization is completed, the temperature in the furnace is waited to drop to the temperature at which the material can be sucked, and the suction vehicle is opened to the furnace to suck the heated high-temperature auxiliary material. The working process of the suction operation is as follows: 1) sucking material; The suction vehicle is transported to the track by the shuttle vehicle, moves to the position of the suction furnace to be sucked, and sucks the material into the suction bin through the suction pipe; 2) unloading; When the suction bin is full, stop sucking; the suction vehicle moves to the auxiliary material cooling system position, and the suction bin discharges the high-temperature auxiliary material into the auxiliary material cooling system for cooling; Five, mature crucible discharge; After the suction vehicle finishes sucking the auxiliary material, the suction vehicle moves to other furnace bodies to suck the material, the taking and placing vehicle runs to the crucible discharge position to start taking the crucible, the taking and placing lifting mechanism drives the grabbing mechanism to descend to the top of the crucible, and after the grabbing mechanism grabs the crucible, the taking and placing lifting mechanism lifts the crucible to the bottom of the crucible to expose the auxiliary material layer. The bottom supporting plate of the bottom supporting mechanism descends and moves horizontally to the bottom of the crucible to support the crucible. The taking and placing lifting mechanism continues to rise, and when the crucible reaches the placement height, the taking and placing lifting mechanism descends, and the bottom supporting mechanism returns to the original position. After the crucible is placed on the crucible roller, the grabbing mechanism is released, and the taking and placing lifting mechanism rises. The taking and placing vehicle moves forward, and the taking and placing lifting mechanism drives the grabbing mechanism to descend to grab the second row of crucibles; Six, green powder filling and mature powder discharge The driver hoists the used crucible to the crucible circulation system, the crucible circulation system sends the used crucible into the powder replacement system, the powder replacement system takes out the finished powder in the used crucible, and then loads the raw powder into the crucible.

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