A non-destructive excitation device and method for seismic waves based on controllable CO2 phase transition

Abstract

This invention discloses a non-destructive seismic wave excitation device and method based on controllable CO2 phase change, belonging to the field of mine seismic exploration. The device includes an impact gun barrel, an impact bullet, and a liquid storage pipe. One end of the impact gun barrel is connected to the exposed section of an anchor bolt, and the other end is connected to the liquid storage pipe. A pressure relief hole connected to a hollow structure is provided on the impact gun barrel. A magazine is provided at the end of the impact gun barrel connected to the liquid storage pipe, and the impact bullet is installed in the magazine. A liquid storage chamber is provided inside the liquid storage pipe, filled with liquid CO2. A heating device for heating and vaporizing the liquid CO2 is also provided inside the liquid storage chamber. When the liquid CO2 in the liquid storage chamber is heated and vaporized, it generates high-pressure gas. After reaching a set pressure, the gas breaks through the constant-pressure shear plate, thereby pushing the bullet to impact the exposed section of the anchor bolt and excite seismic waves. This invention does not damage the surrounding rock of the roadway when exciting seismic waves and has the advantages of stable and controllable excitation energy and predictable excitation time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of mine seismic exploration technology, and in particular to a non-destructive excitation device and method for seismic waves based on controllable CO2 phase change technology. Background Technology

[0002] As coal mining depths continue to increase and underground geological conditions become increasingly complex, utilizing geophysical exploration, drilling, and other technologies to ascertain geological information such as structural distribution and stress changes, and promoting geological transparency at the mine working face, is a crucial step in ensuring safe coal production and intelligent mining.

[0003] Mine seismic exploration involves observing the response of underground coal seams to artificially induced seismic waves to investigate and analyze the stress field and structural anomalies of the coal seams. The method of seismic wave excitation is crucial to mine seismic exploration. Traditional excitation methods include explosives, hammering, and carbon dioxide phase change fracturing. Explosive excitation methods offer high explosive energy and long propagation distances, but suffer from drawbacks such as poor transportation and use safety, the need for special explosives qualifications, and difficulty in application to high-gas and high-dust mines. Hammering excitation methods have disadvantages such as unstable excitation energy and short propagation distances. Carbon dioxide phase change fracturing excitation methods have disadvantages such as damaging the integrity of the surrounding rock in the roadway and difficulty in quantitatively measuring CO2. Furthermore, determining the precise time of seismic source excitation is crucial for the processing and analysis of seismic exploration data. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical issues, this invention proposes a non-destructive excitation device for seismic waves based on a controllable CO2 phase transition, as well as a non-destructive excitation method for seismic waves based on this device.

[0005] The technical solution adopted in this invention is:

[0006] A seismic wave non-destructive excitation device based on controllable CO2 phase change includes an impact gun barrel, an impact bullet, and a liquid storage tube. The impact gun barrel has an axial hollow structure. One end of the impact gun barrel is connected to the exposed section of an anchor rod, and the other end of the impact gun barrel is connected to the liquid storage tube. A pressure relief hole connected to the hollow structure is provided on the impact gun barrel.

[0007] A magazine is provided at the end of the impact gun barrel connected to the liquid storage tube, and an impact bullet is installed in the magazine; the impact bullet includes a projectile, and a clamping member is provided at the end of the projectile near the liquid storage tube. The clamping member is connected to a constant pressure shear plate, and a gap is left between the projectile and the constant pressure shear plate.

[0008] The liquid storage tube is equipped with a liquid storage chamber inside. After the liquid storage tube is connected to the impact gun barrel, the outlet end of the liquid storage chamber is sealed by a constant pressure shear plate. The liquid storage chamber is filled with liquid CO2, and a heating device for heating and vaporizing the liquid CO2 is also installed inside the liquid storage chamber.

[0009] When the liquid CO2 in the storage chamber is heated and vaporized to produce high-pressure gas, it breaks through the constant pressure shear plate after reaching the set pressure, thereby pushing the warhead to hit the exposed section of the anchor rod and triggering seismic waves.

[0010] Preferably, a sensor connection hole is provided on the liquid storage pipe, the sensor connection hole is connected to the liquid storage chamber, and a pressure sensor is installed in the sensor connection hole.

[0011] Preferably, the pressure sensor includes a housing, and a reed tube is provided inside the housing; the reed tube includes a tube body and a spring body, the bottom of the tube body is open, the inside is hollow, the inside of the tube body is connected to the liquid storage chamber, and the top of the tube body is closed.

[0012] The top of the tube is connected to the bottom of the spring, and the top of the spring is connected to a slider. The slider is placed in the pressure sensor and is made of a conductive material.

[0013] A common contact is provided on one side of the housing, and a CO2 metering contact and a phase change time contact are provided on the upper and lower sides of the other side of the housing, respectively. The common contact, CO2 metering contact and phase change time contact are all made of conductive material, and the rest of the housing is made of insulating material.

[0014] The common contact is connected to the computer via the first wire, the CO2 metering contact is connected to the computer via the second wire, and the phase change time contact is connected to the computer via the third wire.

[0015] When the slider is connected to the common contact and the CO2 metering contact, the first and second wires form a closed loop; when the slider is connected to the phase change time contact, the first and third wires form a closed loop.

[0016] A CO2 metering module is installed on the second conductor, and a phase change time module and a switch are installed on the third conductor. The phase change time module is connected to the timing module.

[0017] Preferably, the lower part of the housing of the pressure sensor is provided as a threaded connection section, which is screwed into the sensor connection hole, and a first sealing gasket is provided at the connection.

[0018] Preferably, a buffer pad is provided at one end of the projectile near the constant pressure shear plate, and the buffer pad is clamped on one side of the clamping member, with the buffer pad, clamping member and constant pressure shear plate surrounding each other to form a cavity.

[0019] Preferably, the constant pressure shear plate is made of steel, and the critical fracture value is adjusted by using constant pressure shear plates of different thicknesses.

[0020] Preferably, the impact gun barrel is threadedly connected to the liquid storage tube, and a second sealing gasket is provided at the connection; after the liquid storage tube is connected to the impact gun barrel, the end of the liquid storage tube presses the impact bullet tightly into the magazine.

[0021] Preferably, the liquid storage tube includes a liquid storage tube body and a connector. The connector is installed at the end of the liquid storage tube body and is threadedly connected to the liquid storage tube body. A third sealing gasket is provided at the connection point.

[0022] The heating device is a heating rod, which is installed on the connector and has a filling port. When the connector is connected to the liquid storage tube body, the heating rod is inserted into the liquid storage chamber and the filling port is connected to the liquid storage chamber.

[0023] Preferably, an insertion hole is provided at one end of the impact gun barrel, the exposed section of the anchor rod is screwed into the insertion hole, and an internal thread groove is provided on the inner wall of the insertion hole.

[0024] A non-destructive excitation method for seismic waves based on controllable CO2 phase transition, employing the apparatus described above, includes the following steps:

[0025] a. Assemble the impact gun barrel, impact bullet, and reservoir tube together, and install the pressure sensor on the reservoir tube;

[0026] b. The phase change time module is timed via the timing module, and then the switch is turned off. Liquid CO2 is filled into the storage chamber of the storage tube through the filling port. As the amount of liquid CO2 added changes, the pressure changes, the reed switch moves, and pushes the slider to connect the CO2 metering contact. The first and second wires form a closed circuit. The pressure change changes the contact position between the slider and the CO2 metering contact, thereby changing the current in the closed circuit. The phase change time module determines the amount of liquid CO2 added to the storage chamber by the current magnitude.

[0027] After filling with a measured amount of liquid CO2, connect one end of the impact gun barrel to the exposed section of the anchor rod, connect the heating rod to the computer control, and then turn on the switch;

[0028] d. The heating rod is controlled by computer to heat the liquid CO2 in the storage chamber, causing it to vaporize and expand rapidly to generate high-pressure gas. When a certain pressure is reached, the gas breaks through the constant pressure shear plate, pushing the projectile and buffer pad forward at high speed. The gas in front of the projectile is discharged through the pressure relief hole. At the same time, the pressure in the storage chamber decreases, the reed tube deforms and moves, and pulls the slider down to connect the phase change time module. The computer receives the accurate phase change time of CO2 through the phase change time module.

[0029] After the high-speed warhead impacts the exposed section of the anchor bolt, it generates seismic waves. Subsequently, the seismic waves are received by the detector. By processing and analyzing the recorded seismic waves, the geological structure and stress distribution can be inferred.

[0030] After the high-speed projectile impacts the exposed section of the anchor bolt, it rebounds and moves backward, impacting the liquid storage pipe, where it absorbs energy through the elastic deformation of the buffer pad.

[0031] After all data collection is complete, remove the impact gun barrel from the exposed section of the anchor bolt to complete one detection mission. Before the next firing, reinstall the impact bullet and fill the liquid storage chamber of the storage tube with liquid CO2.

[0032] The beneficial technical effects of this invention are:

[0033] (1) This invention proposes a non-destructive seismic wave excitation device and method based on controllable CO2 phase change. It connects the impact gun barrel directly to the exposed section of the anchor bolt, and then uses the pressure accumulated during the liquid CO2 phase change to drive the projectile to impact the exposed section of the anchor bolt at high speed to excite seismic waves. This method does not damage the surrounding rock of the roadway and is a non-destructive seismic wave excitation device. Furthermore, by setting up a CO2 quantitative module and a phase change time module, this invention has advantages such as stable and controllable excitation energy and predictable excitation time. This invention is suitable for mines with relatively complex geological conditions and strict mining technology requirements.

[0034] (2) This invention uses the pressure change caused by the phase change of carbon dioxide as a power source. It is spark-free and does not produce harmful gases. It can be applied to complex mining environments such as high gas and high dust. It is economical, environmentally friendly, safe and reliable.

[0035] (3) The seismic wave excitation method of the present invention adopts the method of high-speed impact of the warhead on the exposed section of the anchor rod, which does not require drilling and filling, and is easy to install without damaging the integrity of the surrounding rock and the anchor rod structure.

[0036] (4) The present invention can monitor the amount of liquid CO2 injected in real time through the CO2 quantitative module, which improves the previous method of determining the amount of liquid CO2 injected by weighing. In addition, different specifications of constant pressure shear plates are used to control the strength of the vibration source, and the excitation energy is stable and controllable.

[0037] (5) The present invention can determine the accurate time of blasting through the phase change time module, which is of great significance for the acquisition of direct waves and reflected waves collected by the detector. Attached Figure Description

[0038] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:

[0039] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the non-destructive excitation device of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the impact bullet in the non-destructive excitation device of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of part A in the middle.

[0042] In the diagram: 1-impact gun barrel, 2-impact bullet, 3-liquid storage tube, 4-connector, 5-pressure sensor, 6-CO2 metering module, 7-phase change time module, 8-time synchronization module, 9-computer, 10-switch;

[0043] 11-Fixed thread, 12-Pressure relief hole, 13-Cavity; 21-Projectile head, 22-Buffer pad, 23-Cavity, 24-Pressure-regulating shear plate, 25-Clamping component; 31-Liquid storage chamber, 32-Sensor connection hole; 41-Heating rod, 42-Filling port; 51-Outer shell, 5101-Threaded connection section, 511-Common contact, 512-CO2 metering contact, 513-Phase change time contact, 52-Reed switch, 521-Tube body, 522-Spring body, 53-Slider;

[0044] 101 - First sealing gasket, 102 - Second sealing gasket, 103 - Third sealing gasket; 901 - First wire, 902 - Second wire, 903 - Third wire. Detailed Implementation

[0045] Referring to the accompanying drawings, a non-destructive seismic wave excitation device based on controllable CO2 phase change includes an impact barrel 1, an impact bullet 2, and a liquid storage tube 3. The impact barrel 1 has a hollow structure along its axial direction. One end of the impact barrel 1 is connected to the exposed section of an anchor bolt, and the other end is connected to the liquid storage tube 3. A pressure relief hole 12 communicating with the hollow structure is provided on the impact barrel 1. Figure 1 As shown, a magazine 13 is provided at the end of the impact gun barrel 1 that connects to the liquid storage tube 3, and the impact bullet 2 is installed in the magazine 13. The impact bullet 2 includes a projectile 21, and a clamping member 25 is provided at the end of the projectile 21 near the liquid storage tube 3. The clamping member 25 is connected to a constant pressure shear plate 24, and a gap is left between the projectile 21 and the constant pressure shear plate 24 so that the high pressure gas generated in the liquid storage tube can easily break through the constant pressure shear plate 24 and apply instantaneous pressure to the projectile 21.

[0046] The aforementioned liquid storage pipe 3 has a liquid storage chamber 31 inside. After the liquid storage pipe 3 is connected to the impact gun barrel 1, the outlet end of the liquid storage chamber 31 is sealed by the constant pressure shear plate 24. The liquid storage chamber 31 is filled with liquid CO2, and a heating device for heating and vaporizing the liquid CO2 is also installed inside the liquid storage chamber. When the liquid CO2 in the liquid storage chamber 31 is heated and vaporized to generate high-pressure gas, and the gas reaches the set pressure, it breaks through the constant pressure shear plate 24, thereby pushing the projectile 21 through the hollow structure and then impacting the exposed section of the anchor rod to generate seismic waves.

[0047] As a further design of the present invention, such as Figure 3As shown, a sensor connection hole 32 is provided on the liquid storage tube 3, which is connected to the liquid storage chamber 31. A pressure sensor 5 is installed in the sensor connection hole 32. The pressure sensor 5 includes a housing 51, and a reed tube 52 is provided inside the housing 51. The reed tube 52 includes a tube body 521 and a spring body 522. The bottom of the tube body 521 is open and hollow inside, and the interior of the tube body 521 is connected to the liquid storage chamber 31. The top of the tube body 521 is closed. The top of the tube body 521 is connected to the bottom end of the spring body 522. A slider 53 is fixedly connected to the top end of the spring body 522. The slider 53 is placed in the housing 51 of the pressure sensor 5. The slider 53 is made of conductive material, such as a conductive disc.

[0048] A common contact 511 is provided on one side of the aforementioned housing 51, a CO2 metering contact 512 is provided on the upper part of the other side of the housing, and a phase change time contact 513 is provided on the lower part of the other side of the housing. The common contact 511, CO2 metering contact 512, and phase change time contact 513 are all made of conductive material, while the rest of the housing 51 is made of insulating material. The common contact 511 is connected to the computer 9 via a first wire 901, the CO2 metering contact 512 is connected to the computer 9 via a second wire 902, and the phase change time contact 513 is connected to the computer 9 via a third wire 903. When the slider 53 connects the common contact 511 and the CO2 metering contact 512, the first wire 901 and the second wire 902 form a closed circuit, or a conductive circuit. Of course, other devices such as an external power supply can also be connected, which will not be elaborated here. When the slider 53 connects to the phase change time contact 513, the first wire 901 and the third wire 903 form a closed circuit. A CO2 metering module 6 is installed on the second conductor 902, and a phase change time module 7 and a switch 10 are installed on the third conductor 903. The phase change time module 7 is connected to the time synchronization module 8, which provides the most accurate time to the phase change time module 7.

[0049] This invention connects the impact gun barrel 1 directly to the exposed section of the anchor bolt, and then uses the pressure accumulated during the phase change of liquid CO2 to drive the projectile 21 to impact the exposed section of the anchor bolt at high speed, thereby generating seismic waves. This method does not damage the surrounding rock of the tunnel and is considered a non-destructive seismic wave generation device. Furthermore, by incorporating a CO2 metering module 6 and a phase change time module 7, this invention offers advantages such as stable and controllable excitation energy and predictable excitation time. This invention is suitable for mines with complex geological conditions and stringent mining technology requirements.

[0050] Furthermore, the lower part of the housing 51 of the aforementioned pressure sensor is provided with a threaded connection section 5101, which is screwed into the sensor connection hole 32, and a first sealing gasket 101 is provided at the connection. This structure not only facilitates the connection between the pressure sensor 5 and the liquid storage tube 3, but also has good sealing performance.

[0051] Furthermore, such as Figure 2 As shown, a buffer pad 22 is provided at one end of the bullet 21 near the constant pressure shear plate 24. The buffer pad 22 is clamped on one side of the clamping member 25. The buffer pad 22, the clamping member 25, and the constant pressure shear plate 24 enclose to form a chamber 23. The outer diameter of the clamping member 25 and the constant pressure shear plate 24 is larger than that of the bullet 21, which facilitates the impacting bullet 2 to be fixed in the magazine 13, and the bullet 21 can partially extend into the hollow structure of the impacting barrel 1. At the same time, when the high-pressure gas breaks through the constant pressure shear plate 24 and arouses the bullet 21, the clamping member 25 does not exert a large restraining force on the bullet.

[0052] The aforementioned constant-pressure shear plate 24 is made of steel. By using constant-pressure shear plates 24 of different thicknesses, the rupture threshold is adjusted so that when the pressure inside the liquid storage tube 3 reaches the set value, the constant-pressure shear plate 24 is broken, triggering the projectile and the buffer pad. Before triggering, the impact projectile 2 is in the magazine 13, with the projectile 21 connected to the buffer pad 22. The buffer pad 22 is held by the clamping member 25, and a gap is left between it and the constant-pressure shear plate 24. When the pressure inside the liquid storage chamber 31 increases and breaks through the constant-pressure shear plate 24, the projectile 21 is triggered, causing it to detach from the clamping member 25. It then passes through the axial hollow structure of the impact barrel 1, reaches the other end of the impact barrel 1, and then impacts the exposed section of the anchor rod, triggering seismic waves.

[0053] Furthermore, the impact gun barrel 1 is threadedly connected to the liquid storage tube 3, and a second sealing gasket 102 is provided at the connection. The liquid storage tube 3 is a cylindrical hollow structure. After the liquid storage tube 3 is connected to the impact gun barrel 1, the end of the liquid storage tube 3 presses the impact bullet 2 tightly into the magazine 13.

[0054] Furthermore, the liquid storage tube 3 includes a liquid storage tube body and a connector 4. The connector 4 is installed at the end of the liquid storage tube body and is threadedly connected to the liquid storage tube body. A third sealing gasket 103 is provided at the connection. The heating device is a heating rod 41, which is installed on the connector 4 and connected to a computer via a circuit. The activation and power adjustment of the heating rod 41 can be controlled by the computer, and the heating rod 41 can also be connected to an external power source. The computer controls the heating rod to heat the liquid CO2 in the liquid storage chamber, causing the liquid CO2 to vaporize. A filling port 42 is also provided on the connector 4. When the connector 4 is connected to the liquid storage tube body, the heating rod 41 is inserted into the liquid storage chamber 31, and the filling port 42 is connected to the liquid storage chamber 31.

[0055] When liquid CO2 is injected into the storage tube 3 through the filling port 42 or when the constant pressure shear plate 24 is broken to release pressure, the pressure inside the reed tube 52 changes, causing the reed tube 52 to elongate or contract and deform, thereby pulling the slider 53 to move upward or downward, connecting the CO2 metering module 6 or the phase change time module 7. The CO2 metering module 6 monitors the amount of liquid CO2 injected in real time, and the phase change time module 7 accurately monitors the pressure release time.

[0056] In the aforementioned device, from left to right, the impact gun barrel 1, the liquid storage tube 3, the pressure sensor 5, and the connector 4 are sequentially threaded together, as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the impact gun barrel 1 is threaded to one end of the liquid storage tube 3, and the other end of the liquid storage tube 3 is threaded to the connector 4. The sensor connection hole 32 in the middle of the liquid storage tube 3 is threaded to the pressure sensor 5. Sealing gaskets are provided at all threaded connections, and the gaskets are used to press the threaded connections together to ensure the sealing of the connections between the components.

[0057] The aforementioned impact barrel 1 is a cylindrical hollow structure, with its axially hollow structure facilitating the passage of bullets to impact the exposed section of the anchor rod. One end of the impact barrel 1 is provided with an insertion hole into which the exposed section of the anchor rod is screwed. An internal thread groove 11 is provided on the inner wall of the insertion hole. The impact barrel 1 connects to the exposed section of the anchor rod through the insertion hole with the internal thread groove 11. The insertion hole can be configured with different inner diameters to connect anchor rods of different diameters.

[0058] This invention also provides a method for non-destructive excitation of seismic waves based on controllable CO2 phase transition, using the apparatus described above, and including the following steps:

[0059] a. Assemble the impact gun barrel 1, impact bullet 2, and liquid storage tube 3 together, and install the pressure sensor 5 on the liquid storage tube 3.

[0060] First, the phase change time module 7 is synchronized via the timing module 8 to provide the most accurate time. Then, the second lead 902 is closed, which controls the switch 10 of the phase change time module 7. Liquid CO2 is filled into the storage chamber 31 of the storage tube through the filling port 42. The pressure changes in the storage chamber 31 and the reed switch 52 with the amount of liquid CO2 added, causing the reed switch 52 to move, or rather, to stretch and deform under pressure, pushing the slider 53 upward to connect the CO2 metering contact 512. The first lead 901 and the second lead 902 form a closed loop. The pressure change alters the contact position between the slider 53 and the CO2 metering contact 512, thereby changing the current in the closed loop or circuit. The phase change time module 7 determines the amount of liquid CO2 added to the storage chamber based on the current magnitude.

[0061] After filling with a fixed amount of liquid CO2, connect one end of the impact gun barrel 1 to the exposed section of the anchor rod, connect the computer 9 to the heating rod 41 circuit, and then turn on the switch 10.

[0062] The computer 9 controls the heating rod 41 to heat the liquid CO2 in the storage chamber 31, causing it to vaporize and expand rapidly, generating high-pressure gas. When a certain pressure is reached, the gas breaks through the constant pressure shear plate 24, propelling the projectile 21 and the buffer pad 22 forward at high speed. The gas in front of the projectile 21 is discharged through the pressure relief hole 12. At the same time, the pressure in the storage chamber 31 and the reed tube 52 decreases, causing the reed tube 52 to contract and deform. The traction slider 53 moves down and connects the phase change time module 7. The computer 9 receives the accurate phase change time of CO2 through the phase change time module 7.

[0063] After the high-speed warhead 21 impacts the exposed section of the anchor bolt, it generates seismic waves. Subsequently, the seismic waves are received by the detector. By processing and analyzing the recorded seismic waves, the geological structure and stress distribution can be inferred.

[0064] After the high-speed projectile 21 impacts the exposed section of the anchor bolt, it rebounds and moves backward, impacting the liquid storage pipe 3, where it absorbs energy through the elastic deformation of the buffer pad 22.

[0065] After all data collection is completed, the impact gun barrel 1 is removed from the exposed section of the anchor rod to complete one detection mission. Before the next firing, the impact bullet 2 is reinstalled and liquid CO2 is filled into the liquid storage chamber 31 of the liquid storage tube.

[0066] For any parts not mentioned above, existing technologies can be adopted or referenced.

[0067] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A non-destructive seismic wave excitation device based on controllable CO2 phase transition, characterized in that: It includes an impact gun barrel, an impact bullet, and a liquid storage tube. The impact gun barrel has an axial hollow structure. One end of the impact gun barrel is connected to the exposed section of the anchor rod, and the other end of the impact gun barrel is connected to the liquid storage tube. A pressure relief hole connected to the hollow structure is provided on the impact gun barrel. A magazine is provided at the end of the impact gun barrel connected to the liquid storage tube, and an impact bullet is installed in the magazine; the impact bullet includes a projectile, and a clamping member is provided at the end of the projectile near the liquid storage tube. The clamping member is connected to a constant pressure shear plate, and a gap is left between the projectile and the constant pressure shear plate. The liquid storage tube is equipped with a liquid storage chamber inside. After the liquid storage tube is connected to the impact gun barrel, the outlet end of the liquid storage chamber is sealed by a constant pressure shear plate. The liquid storage chamber is filled with liquid CO2, and a heating device for heating and vaporizing the liquid CO2 is also installed inside the liquid storage chamber. When the liquid CO2 in the storage chamber is heated and vaporized to produce high-pressure gas, and the gas reaches the set pressure, it breaks through the constant pressure shear plate, thereby pushing the warhead to hit the exposed section of the anchor bolt and triggering seismic waves. A sensor connection hole is provided on the liquid storage pipe, which is connected to the liquid storage chamber. A pressure sensor is installed in the sensor connection hole. The pressure sensor includes a housing, inside which a reed tube is provided; the reed tube includes a tube body and a spring body, the bottom of the tube body is open and the inside is hollow, the inside of the tube body is connected to the liquid storage chamber, and the top of the tube body is closed. The top of the tube is connected to the bottom of the spring, and the top of the spring is connected to a slider. The slider is placed in the pressure sensor and is made of a conductive material. A common contact is provided on one side of the housing, and a CO2 metering contact and a phase change time contact are provided on the upper and lower sides of the other side of the housing, respectively. The common contact, CO2 metering contact and phase change time contact are all made of conductive material, and the rest of the housing is made of insulating material. The common contact is connected to the computer via the first wire, the CO2 metering contact is connected to the computer via the second wire, and the phase change time contact is connected to the computer via the third wire. When the slider is connected to the common contact and the CO2 metering contact, the first and second wires form a closed loop; when the slider is connected to the phase change time contact, the first and third wires form a closed loop. A CO2 metering module is installed on the second conductor, and a phase change time module and a switch are installed on the third conductor. The phase change time module is connected to the timing module.

2. The seismic wave non-destructive excitation device based on controllable CO2 phase transition according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower part of the housing of the pressure sensor is provided with a threaded connection section, which is screwed into the sensor connection hole, and a first sealing gasket is provided at the connection.

3. The non-destructive seismic wave excitation device based on controllable CO2 phase transition according to claim 1, characterized in that: A buffer pad is provided at one end of the warhead near the constant pressure shear plate. The buffer pad is held in place by one side of the clamping member. The buffer pad, the clamping member, and the constant pressure shear plate surround each other to form a cavity.

4. The seismic wave non-destructive excitation device based on controllable CO2 phase transition according to claim 1, characterized in that: The constant-pressure shear plate is made of steel, and the critical value for rupture is adjusted by using constant-pressure shear plates of different thicknesses.

5. The non-destructive seismic wave excitation device based on controllable CO2 phase transition according to claim 1, characterized in that: The impact gun barrel is threadedly connected to the liquid storage tube, and a second sealing gasket is provided at the connection. After the liquid storage tube is connected to the impact gun barrel, the end of the liquid storage tube presses the impact bullet tightly into the magazine.

6. The seismic wave non-destructive excitation device based on controllable CO2 phase transition according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid storage tube includes a liquid storage tube body and a connector. The connector is installed at the end of the liquid storage tube body and is threadedly connected to the liquid storage tube body. A third sealing gasket is provided at the connection point. The heating device is a heating rod, which is installed on the connector and has a filling port. When the connector is connected to the liquid storage tube body, the heating rod is inserted into the liquid storage chamber and the filling port is connected to the liquid storage chamber.

7. The non-destructive seismic wave excitation device based on controllable CO2 phase transition according to claim 1, characterized in that: An insertion hole is provided at one end of the impact gun barrel, and the exposed section of the anchor rod is screwed into the insertion hole. An internal thread groove is provided on the inner wall of the insertion hole.

8. A method for non-destructive excitation of seismic waves based on controllable CO2 phase transition, employing the apparatus described in any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that... Includes the following steps: a. Assemble the impact gun barrel, impact bullet, and reservoir tube together, and install the pressure sensor on the reservoir tube; b. The phase change time module is timed via the timing module, and then the switch is turned off. Liquid CO2 is filled into the storage chamber of the storage tube through the filling port. As the amount of liquid CO2 added changes, the pressure changes, the reed switch moves, and pushes the slider to connect the CO2 metering contact. The first and second wires form a closed circuit. The pressure change changes the contact position between the slider and the CO2 metering contact, thereby changing the current in the closed circuit. The phase change time module determines the amount of liquid CO2 added to the storage chamber by the current magnitude. After filling with a measured amount of liquid CO2, connect one end of the impact gun barrel to the exposed section of the anchor rod, connect the heating rod to the computer control, and then turn on the switch; d. The heating rod is controlled by computer to heat the liquid CO2 in the storage chamber, causing it to vaporize and expand rapidly to generate high-pressure gas. When a certain pressure is reached, the gas breaks through the constant pressure shear plate, pushing the projectile and buffer pad forward at high speed. The gas in front of the projectile is discharged through the pressure relief hole. At the same time, the pressure in the storage chamber decreases, the reed tube deforms and moves, and pulls the slider down to connect the phase change time module. The computer receives the accurate phase change time of CO2 through the phase change time module. After the high-speed warhead impacts the exposed section of the anchor bolt, it generates seismic waves. Subsequently, the seismic waves are received by the detector. By processing and analyzing the recorded seismic waves, the geological structure and stress distribution can be inferred. After the high-speed projectile impacts the exposed section of the anchor bolt, it rebounds and moves backward, impacting the liquid storage pipe, where it absorbs energy through the elastic deformation of the buffer pad. After all data collection is complete, remove the impact gun barrel from the exposed section of the anchor bolt to complete one detection mission. Before the next firing, reinstall the impact bullet and fill the liquid storage chamber of the storage tube with liquid CO2.

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