A method for ecological restoration of coal mining areas

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for ecological restoration of coal mining areas, and belongs to the technical field of ecological restoration. The ecological restoration method of the invention comprises the following steps: (1) tilling the soil twice and applying mixed fertilizer; (2) sowing Elymus dahliae seed particles in the soil treated in step (1), with a sowing depth of 2-3 cm; (3) applying water and fertilizer regularly for management and maintenance after the Elymus dahliae grows out. By processing the Elymus dahliae seeds into Elymus dahliae seed particles by the method of the invention, the weight of the seeds can be increased, and the wind can be prevented from blowing away, resulting in a decrease in planting efficiency. At the same time, the germination and growth of the seeds in a heavy metal environment are promoted, the seed germination rate and planting efficiency are improved, and the restoration efficiency of the ecological environment in the coal mining area is promoted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of ecological restoration, and in particular to a method for ecological restoration of coal mining areas. Background Art

[0002] Coal mining has caused great damage to the land, vegetation, ecology and human settlements, and has produced a large number of subsidence areas and abandoned land. Underground mining has caused surface subsidence and soil erosion, while open-pit mining has destroyed the original terrain and landforms, and the surface stripping materials have accumulated to form a large number of abandoned lands. The coal gangue produced during the mining process has a high content of heavy metals. During the accumulation of coal gangue, heavy metals flow into the soil with surface runoff, causing the heavy metal content in the soil of the mining area to increase. After being disturbed by coal mining, the land is extremely degraded and it is difficult to recover naturally. Restoration by artificial means is currently the main research direction of land reclamation.

[0003] The main methods for soil improvement in coal mining areas include physical improvement methods, chemical improvement methods, and biological improvement methods. Among them, physical improvement methods generally have the advantages of being thorough and stable, but the implementation workload is large and the investment cost is high; chemical improvement methods have low costs and better effects, but have a narrow range of applications, poor stability, and short action time; biological improvement methods mainly focus on plant improvement, microbial improvement, and microbial-plant combined improvement. Biological improvement methods are easy to operate, low in cost, and have low secondary risks, and can be applied on a large scale.

[0004] Elymus dahliae is a perennial herbaceous plant of the Poaceae family. It is drought-resistant, cold-resistant, wind-resistant, salt-alkali-resistant, barren-resistant, and has wide adaptability. It is a good plant for soil and water conservation and improvement. By planting Elymus dahliae in coal mining subsidence areas, the physical and chemical properties of the soil can be effectively improved. The direct interlacing effect of vegetation and the indirect protection of litter increase soil stability, optimize soil structure, and enable the vegetation and ecology of the mining area to recover faster. However, the germination rate of Elymus dahliae seeds is low under natural conditions, and the physical and chemical properties of the soil in the mining area are poor and the heavy metal content is high, which causes stress to the seeds of Elymus dahliae, further reducing the germination rate of the seeds of Elymus dahliae, resulting in low efficiency of ecological restoration in the mining area.

[0005] Therefore, there is a need to find a method to increase the germination rate of Elymus salsa in mining area soils, to promote better germination and growth of Elymus salsa in mining area soils with high heavy metal content and poor physical and chemical properties, so as to improve the efficiency of ecological restoration in mining areas. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for ecological restoration of coal mining areas, by solving the problem that the germination rate of Elymus salsa itself is low and it is difficult to apply it in coal mining areas with high heavy metal content, thereby improving the planting efficiency of Elymus salsa and further improving the ecological restoration efficiency of coal mining areas.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following scheme:

[0008] The present invention provides a method for ecological restoration of coal mining areas, comprising the following steps:

[0009] (1) Till the soil twice and apply mixed fertilizer;

[0010] (2) sowing Elymus dahliae seed particles in the soil treated in step (1) at a sowing depth of 2-3 cm;

[0011] (3) After the alkali grass grows out, water and fertilizer should be applied regularly for maintenance;

[0012] Furthermore, the Elymus dahliae seed particles include the following raw materials in parts by mass: 1-2 parts of Elymus dahliae seeds, 3-4 parts of nutrient solution, 5-8 parts of peat, 0.5-1 parts of humic acid, 3-5 parts of carbonized rice husks, 3-5 parts of acrylamide, 0.01-0.02 parts of ammonium persulfate, 0.01-0.02 parts of diethylenetriamine, 0.2-0.4 parts of methyl benzyl alcohol, 0.2-0.5 parts of dipropylene glycol methyl ether, 0.1-0.2 parts of acetic anhydride, and 0.1-0.2 parts of 2-mercaptoisobutyric acid.

[0013] Furthermore, the Elymus dahliae seed particles include the following raw materials in parts by mass: 1.5 parts of Elymus dahliae seeds, 3.5 parts of nutrient solution, 6 parts of peat, 0.7 parts of humic acid, 4 parts of carbonized rice husks, 4 parts of acrylamide, 0.015 parts of ammonium persulfate, 0.015 parts of diethylenetriamine, 0.3 parts of methyl benzyl alcohol, 0.4 parts of dipropylene glycol methyl ether, 0.15 parts of acetic anhydride, and 0.15 parts of 2-mercaptoisobutyric acid.

[0014] In the present invention, the mixed fertilizer in step (1) is obtained by mixing cow dung and ammonium bicarbonate in a weight ratio of 100:(0.8-1.5).

[0015] Furthermore, the weight ratio of the cow dung to ammonium bicarbonate is 100:1.

[0016] In the present invention, the sowing amount of the Elymus dahliae seed particles is 20-30 kg / mu.

[0017] The present invention also provides a method for preparing Elymus dahliae seed particles, comprising the following steps:

[0018] S1: mixing acrylamide solution, ammonium persulfate, diethylenetriamine and methyl benzyl alcohol and heating them to react to obtain a gel mixture;

[0019] S2: Add dipropylene glycol methyl ether into water and stir to mix evenly, adjust the pH to 9-10, then add into the gel mixture and stir to mix evenly, let stand for 5-8 hours, put into a homogenizer, add acetic anhydride and 2-mercaptoisobutyric acid to homogenize to obtain a seed embedding agent;

[0020] S3: soaking the soaked Elymus dahliae seeds in a nutrient solution for 6-10 hours, adding a seed embedding agent, stirring and mixing evenly, and then standing, then adding peat, humic acid, and carbonized rice husk, stirring evenly, granulating, and drying to obtain Elymus dahliae seed particles;

[0021] Furthermore, the concentration of the acrylamide solution is 10wt% to 35wt%, and further, the concentration of the acrylamide solution is 20wt%.

[0022] In the present invention, the order of adding acrylamide solution, ammonium persulfate, diethylenetriamine, and methyl benzyl alcohol is not limited, and they can be added all at once or in sequence. Preferably, the acrylamide solution is first added to ammonium persulfate and diethylenetriamine, and then methyl benzyl alcohol is added to obtain a gel mixture.

[0023] In the present invention, the heating reaction temperature of step S1 is 70-80°C; further, the temperature of step S1 is 75°C.

[0024] In the present invention, the nutrient solution at least comprises the following components: potassium dihydrogen phosphate, gibberellin, and calcium chloride.

[0025] Furthermore, the concentration of the potassium dihydrogen phosphate is 1 to 5 g / L.

[0026] Furthermore, the concentration of the gibberellin is 0.1-0.5 g / L.

[0027] Furthermore, the concentration of calcium chloride is 1-5 g / L.

[0028] In the present invention, the homogenization conditions in step S2 are: temperature of 50-60° C., rotation speed of 50-100 r / min, and time of 30-60 min.

[0029] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, the homogenization conditions in step S2 are: temperature of 55° C., rotation speed of 60 r / min, and time of 40 min.

[0030] In the present invention, the particle size of the Elymus dahliae seed particles is 1.5-2 cm, and further, the particle size is 1.5 cm.

[0031] In the present invention, the moisture content of the Elymus dahliae seed particles is 20wt% to 35wt%.

[0032] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, the moisture content of the Elymus dahliae seed particles is 25 wt %.

[0033] Elymus dahliae seeds are light in weight and easily blown away by the wind, resulting in low planting efficiency. Preparing the Elymus dahliae seeds into Elymus dahliae seed pellets increases the weight and prevents them from being blown away by the wind, thereby improving planting efficiency. In addition, the germination rate of Elymus dahliae seeds is low under natural conditions. When sown in the soil in mining areas, the physical and chemical properties of the soil in mining areas are poor, and the stress of heavy metals further reduces the germination rate, which in turn leads to a decrease in the efficiency of ecological restoration in coal mining areas. Acetic anhydride and 2-mercaptoisobutyric acid are added in the process of preparing Elymus salsa seed particles, and the two work together to accelerate the internal metabolism of the seeds, promote the seed's ability to absorb nutrients required for germination, and thus improve the seed germination rate; further, dipropylene glycol methyl ether is added in the process of preparing Elymus salsa seed particles to improve the stability of the cell membrane of Elymus salsa under heavy metal stress, reduce cell membrane damage, and enable Elymus salsa to grow and develop better in the soil of the mining area; the gel in the Elymus salsa seed particles has good water absorption and sustained release properties, can absorb moisture in the environment well to provide it to the seeds, provide moisture requirements for seed germination, and slowly release nutrients in the seed particles to ensure a good environment for seed germination; however, when the Elymus salsa seed particles are sown in the soil of the mining area, the heavy metal ions in the soil will cause the gel to degrade faster and shorten its action time. Therefore, methyl benzyl alcohol is added to react with the gel to improve the stability of the gel structure, prolong its action time, ensure a good germination environment for the Elymus salsa seeds, improve the germination rate of the Elymus salsa seeds, increase the planting efficiency, and thus improve the efficiency of ecological restoration in the mining area.

[0034] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0035] (1) The present invention can effectively manage the soil in the coal mining area, improve the physical and chemical properties of the soil, and improve the efficiency of ecological restoration in the coal mining area by planting drought-resistant, cold-resistant, wind-sand-resistant, salt-alkali-resistant, barren-resistant, and widely adaptable Elymus salsa in the soil in the coal mining area.

[0036] (2) The present invention prepares the Elymus dahliae seeds into granules before sowing, thereby increasing the seed weight and improving the planting efficiency.

[0037] (3) According to the method of the present invention, the seeds of Elymus dahliae are processed and prepared into seed particles, thereby ensuring a good environment for the germination of the seeds of Elymus dahliae, improving the seed germination rate, and promoting the restoration of the ecology of the coal mining area.

[0038] (4) The Elymus dactylis seed particles prepared by the present invention are suitable for coal mining areas with high heavy metal content and poor nutrients, and have good application prospects in ecological restoration of mining areas. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] Figure 1 This is a graph showing the growth status of the Elymus dahliae of Example 1. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with comparative examples and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. In addition, if not clearly stated, all reagents used in the following embodiments are commercially available, or can be synthesized according to this article or known methods, and for the reaction conditions not listed, they are also easily available to those skilled in the art.

[0041] Example 1: Preparation of Elymus dahliae seed particles

[0042] Weigh 1.5 kg of Elymus dactylis seeds, 3.5 kg of nutrient solution, 6 kg of peat, 0.7 kg of humic acid, 4 kg of carbonized rice husk, 4 kg of acrylamide, 0.015 kg of ammonium persulfate, 0.015 kg of diethylenetriamine, 0.3 kg of methyl benzyl alcohol, 0.4 kg of dipropylene glycol methyl ether, 0.15 kg of acetic anhydride, and 0.15 kg of 2-mercaptoisobutyric acid, wherein the formula of the nutrient solution is: 2 g / L potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 200 mg / L gibberellin, 2 g / L calcium chloride, and the rest is water.

[0043] Preparation method:

[0044] S1: Add acrylamide into water to prepare a 20 wt% acrylamide solution, transfer the solution into a reactor, add ammonium persulfate and diethylenetriamine and mix well, heat and stir at 75°C at a speed of 300 r / min to react, add methyl benzyl alcohol after 1.5 hours, continue to stir at 75°C and 300 r / min for 30 minutes to obtain a gel mixture;

[0045] S2: Add dipropylene glycol methyl ether to 2 kg of water, stir and mix evenly, adjust the pH to 9.5, then add it to the gel mixture, stir and mix evenly, let it stand for 6 hours, put it into a homogenizer, add acetic anhydride and 2-mercaptoisobutyric acid, and homogenize at 55°C and 60 r / min for 40 minutes to obtain a seed embedding agent;

[0046] S3: Soak the Elymus dahliae seeds in clean water for 20 hours, then take them out and drain the water to obtain expanded Elymus dahliae seeds, then soak them in a nutrient solution for 8 hours, add a seed embedding agent, stir and mix evenly, and let it stand overnight, add peat, humic acid and carbonized rice husks crushed through a 20-mesh sieve, stir evenly, then put them into a granulator to make particles with a particle size of about 1.5 cm, and dry them to a moisture content of about 25wt% to obtain Elymus dahliae seed particles.

[0047] Example 2: Preparation of Elymus dahliae seed particles

[0048] Weigh 1kg of Elymus dactylis seeds, 3kg of nutrient solution, 5kg of peat, 0.5kg of humic acid, 3kg of carbonized rice husk, 3kg of acrylamide, 0.01kg of ammonium persulfate, 0.01kg of diethylenetriamine, 0.2kg of methyl benzyl alcohol, 0.2kg of dipropylene glycol methyl ether, 0.1kg of acetic anhydride, and 0.1kg of 2-mercaptoisobutyric acid, wherein the formula of the nutrient solution is: 2g / L potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 200mg / L gibberellin, 2g / L calcium chloride, and the rest is water.

[0049] Preparation method:

[0050] S1: Add acrylamide into water to prepare a 20 wt% acrylamide solution, transfer the solution into a reactor, add ammonium persulfate and diethylenetriamine and mix well, heat and stir at 70°C at a speed of 200 r / min to react, add methyl benzyl alcohol after 1 hour, continue to stir at 70°C and 200 r / min for 20 minutes to obtain a gel mixture;

[0051] S2: Add dipropylene glycol methyl ether to 1 kg of water, stir and mix evenly, adjust the pH to 9, then add it to the gel mixture, stir and mix evenly, let it stand for 5 hours, put it into a homogenizer, add acetic anhydride and 2-mercaptoisobutyric acid, and homogenize at 50°C and 50 r / min for 30 minutes to obtain a seed embedding agent;

[0052] S3: Soak the Elymus dahliae seeds in clean water for 16 hours, then take them out and drain the water to obtain expanded Elymus dahliae seeds, then soak them in a nutrient solution for 7 hours, add a seed embedding agent, stir and mix evenly, and let it stand overnight, add peat, humic acid and carbonized rice husks crushed through a 20-mesh sieve, stir evenly, then put them into a granulator to make particles with a particle size of about 1.5 cm, and dry them to a moisture content of about 25wt% to obtain Elymus dahliae seed particles.

[0053] Example 3: Preparation of Elymus dahliae seed particles

[0054] Weigh 2kg of Elymus dactylis seeds, 4kg of nutrient solution, 8kg of peat, 1kg of humic acid, 5kg of carbonized rice husk, 5kg of acrylamide, 0.02kg of ammonium persulfate, 0.02kg of diethylenetriamine, 0.4kg of methyl benzyl alcohol, 0.5kg of dipropylene glycol methyl ether, 0.2kg of acetic anhydride, and 0.2kg of 2-mercaptoisobutyric acid, wherein the formula of the nutrient solution is: 2g / L potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 200mg / L gibberellin, 2g / L calcium chloride, and the rest is water.

[0055] Preparation method:

[0056] S1: Add acrylamide into water to prepare a 20 wt% acrylamide solution, transfer the solution into a reactor, add ammonium persulfate and diethylenetriamine and mix well, heat and stir at 80°C and 400 r / min to react, add methyl benzyl alcohol after 2 hours, continue to stir at 80°C and 400 r / min for 40 minutes to obtain a gel mixture;

[0057] S2: Add dipropylene glycol methyl ether to 2.5 kg of water, stir and mix evenly, adjust the pH to 10, then add it to the gel mixture, stir and mix evenly, let it stand for 8 hours, put it into a homogenizer, add acetic anhydride and 2-mercaptoisobutyric acid, and homogenize at 60° C. and 100 r / min for 50 minutes to obtain a seed embedding agent;

[0058] S3: Soak the Elymus dahliae seeds in clean water for 22 hours, then take them out and drain the water to obtain expanded Elymus dahliae seeds, then soak them in a nutrient solution for 10 hours, add a seed embedding agent, stir and mix evenly, and let it stand overnight, add peat, humic acid and carbonized rice husks crushed through a 20-mesh sieve, stir evenly, then put them into a granulator to make particles with a particle size of about 1.5 cm, and dry them to a moisture content of about 25wt% to obtain Elymus dahliae seed particles.

[0059] Example 4: Coal mining area ecological restoration method

[0060] (1) The soil was initially tilled, and cow dung and ammonium bicarbonate were mixed evenly in a weight ratio of 100:1 to obtain a mixed fertilizer, and then the mixture was applied at a rate of 2 kg / m 2 Apply mixed fertilizer in an amount of , then spray water to fully wet the soil surface, and then perform secondary tillage to obtain pretreated soil;

[0061] (2) sowing the Elymus dahliae seed particles prepared according to the method of Example 1 into the pretreated soil at a sowing rate of 26 kg / mu and a sowing depth of about 3 cm;

[0062] (3) After the alkali grass grows out, it can be maintained by applying water and fertilizer regularly according to the conventional methods.

[0063] Comparative Example 1: Preparation of Elymus dahliae seed particles

[0064] Compared with Example 1, the only difference is that in Comparative Example 1, methyl benzyl alcohol is not added during the preparation of the Elymus dahliae seed particles.

[0065] Comparative Example 2: Preparation of Elymus dahliae seed particles

[0066] Compared with Example 1, the only difference is that in Comparative Example 2, no dipropylene glycol methyl ether is added in the preparation of Elymus dahliae seed particles.

[0067] Comparative Example 3: Preparation of Elymus dahliae seed particles

[0068] Compared with Example 1, the only difference is that in Comparative Example 3, acetic anhydride is not added during the preparation of the Elymus dahliae seed particles.

[0069] Comparative Example 4: Preparation of Elymus dahliae seed particles

[0070] Compared with Example 1, the only difference is that in Comparative Example 4, 2-mercaptoisobutyric acid is not added during the preparation of the Elymus dahliae seed particles.

[0071] Comparative Example 5: Preparation of Elymus dahliae seed particles

[0072] Compared with Example 1, the only difference is that in Comparative Example 5, acetic anhydride and 2-mercaptoisobutyric acid are not added during the preparation of the Elymus dahliae seed particles.

[0073] Comparative Example 6: Preparation of Elymus dahliae seed particles

[0074] Compared with Example 1, the only difference is that in Comparative Example 6, no nutrient solution is added during the preparation of the Elymus dahliae seed particles.

[0075] Comparative Example 7: Preparation of Elymus dahliae seed particles

[0076] Compared with Example 1, the only difference is that in Comparative Example 7, the pH is adjusted to 7 in step S2 during the preparation of the Elymus dahliae seed particles.

[0077] Comparative Example 8: Preparation of Elymus dahliae seed particles

[0078] Compared with Example 1, the difference is that in Comparative Example 8, when preparing the Elymus dahliae seed particles, the gel mixture prepared in step S1 is not added to the seed embedding agent, but sodium alginate gel is added. The specific preparation method is as follows:

[0079] Weigh 1.5 kg of Elymus dahliae seeds, 3.5 kg of nutrient solution, 6 kg of peat, 0.7 kg of humic acid, 4 kg of carbonized rice husk, 4 kg of sodium alginate, 0.04 kg of calcium chloride, 0.4 kg of dipropylene glycol methyl ether, 0.15 kg of acetic anhydride, and 0.15 kg of 2-mercaptoisobutyric acid. The formula of the nutrient solution is: 2 g / L potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 200 mg / L gibberellin, 2 g / L calcium chloride, and the rest is water.

[0080] Preparation method:

[0081] S1: adding sodium alginate into water to prepare a 20 wt% sodium alginate solution, adding calcium chloride and stirring until a sodium alginate gel is formed;

[0082] S2: Add dipropylene glycol methyl ether to 2 kg of water, stir and mix evenly, adjust the pH to 9.5, then add sodium alginate gel, stir and mix evenly, let stand for 6 hours, put into a homogenizer, add acetic anhydride and 2-mercaptoisobutyric acid, homogenize at 55°C and 60 r / min for 40 minutes to obtain a seed embedding agent;

[0083] S3: Soak the Elymus dahliae seeds in clean water for 20 hours, then take them out and drain the water to obtain expanded Elymus dahliae seeds, then soak them in a nutrient solution for 8 hours, add a seed embedding agent, stir and mix evenly, and let it stand overnight, add peat, humic acid and carbonized rice husks crushed through a 20-mesh sieve, stir evenly, then put them into a granulator to make particles with a particle size of about 1.5 cm, and dry them to a moisture content of about 25wt% to obtain Elymus dahliae seed particles.

[0084] Comparative Examples 1 to 8 are preparations of Elymus dahliae seed particles under different conditions.

[0085] Comparative Example 9: Ecological Restoration Methods in Coal Mining Areas

[0086] Compared with Example 4, the difference is that in Comparative Example 9, the conventional method is used, that is, Elymus dahliae seeds are directly used for sowing, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0087] (1) The soil was initially tilled, and cow dung and ammonium bicarbonate were mixed evenly in a weight ratio of 100:1 to obtain a mixed fertilizer, and then the mixture was applied at a rate of 2 kg / m 2 Apply mixed fertilizer in an amount of , then spray water to fully wet the soil surface, and then perform secondary tillage to obtain pretreated soil;

[0088] (2) sowing Elymus dahliae seeds in the pretreated soil at a sowing rate of 1.5 kg / mu and a sowing depth of about 3 cm;

[0089] (3) After the alkali grass grows out, it can be maintained by applying water and fertilizer regularly according to the conventional methods.

[0090] The following test examples are used to verify the beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0091] Test Example 1 Heavy metal treatment experiment

[0092] The experiment was conducted in soil with a cadmium ion concentration of 0.73 mg / kg. An area was divided into an experimental area, and the experimental area was evenly divided into 9 small areas, each of which was 5m×5m, corresponding to Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-8. 1 kg of Elymus dahliae seed particles prepared according to Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-8 were taken respectively, sown in the soil of the corresponding area, and harvested 4 months after sowing. The fresh weight of the harvested Elymus dahliae in each group was recorded, and the data obtained were shown in Table 1:

[0093] Table 1

[0094]

[0095] According to the data analysis in Table 1:

[0096] Under the same planting area, the fresh weight of the harvested Elymus dahliae in Example 1 is significantly higher than that in Comparative Examples 1-8, wherein in Comparative Example 1, methyl benzyl alcohol is not added during the preparation of seed particles, and the gel structure stability is insufficient. When sown in heavy metal soil, the gel decomposes quickly and the action time is short. The Elymus dahliae seeds are stressed by heavy metals during germination, resulting in relatively poor germination and growth conditions. In Comparative Example 2, dipropylene glycol methyl ether is not added during the preparation of seed particles, and the cell membrane stability of the Elymus dahliae seeds and young shoots is poor. Under the stress of heavy metals, the germination and growth conditions are low. In the preparation of seed particles in ratios 3-5, acetic anhydride, 2-mercaptoisobutyric acid, acetic anhydride and 2-mercaptoisobutyric acid were not added respectively, the internal metabolism of the seeds was slow, the ability to absorb nutrients required for germination was low, and the growth condition was relatively poor; in the preparation of seed particles in comparative example 7, the pH was adjusted to 7 in step S2, resulting in reduced effectiveness of dipropylene glycol methyl ether, poor cell membrane stability, and affecting the growth process of Elymus salsa; in comparative example 8, the gel mixture was not added for embedding during seed particle preparation, but sodium alginate gel was directly used, and the seed germination environment was relatively poor, affecting its growth. It is explained that the use of the raw materials of the present invention and the embedding of Elymus salsa seeds according to the method of the present invention can improve the germination and growth of Elymus salsa seeds in a heavy metal environment, improve the planting efficiency of Elymus salsa, and promote the recovery of the ecological environment in mining areas.

[0097] Experimental Example 2: Ecological Restoration Experiment in Coal Mining Areas

[0098] 1. Experimental Preparation

[0099] The Elymus dactylis seed particles prepared in Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-8 were used for the ecological restoration experiment of coal mining areas. The experiment was divided into 10 groups: experimental group 1 and control groups 1-9. The experiment was carried out in the restoration site of the Juhugeng mining area in Muli, Tianjun County. A separate area was selected as the experimental area, and the total area of ​​the experimental area was 500m 2 , the experimental area was divided into 10 small areas, each with an area of ​​50m 2 , corresponding to experimental group 1 and control group 1-9 respectively.

[0100] 2. Experimental Methods

[0101] Experimental group 1: using the Elymus dactylis seed particles prepared in Example 1 and the method for ecological restoration of coal mining areas in Example 4;

[0102] Control groups 1-8: using the Elymus dactylis seed particles prepared in comparative examples 1-8 and the method for ecological restoration of coal mining areas of Example 4 respectively;

[0103] Control group 9: conventional Elymus dahliae seed particles and the coal mining area ecological restoration method of comparative example 9 were used.

[0104] 3. Before the experiment, the initial values ​​of the physical and chemical properties of the soil in the experimental area were measured. Two years after the planting of Elymus salsa, the physical and chemical properties of the soil in each group were measured again. The data obtained are shown in Table 2.

[0105] Table 2

[0106]

[0107]

[0108] According to the data analysis in Table 2, after 2 years of planting Elymus salsa, the soil physical and chemical properties were significantly improved, and the contents of total nitrogen, organic matter, available phosphorus and available potassium increased significantly. Among them, the experimental group 1 had the best treatment effect and the greatest improvement in soil physical and chemical properties. In the control group 9, conventional Elymus salsa seeds were directly sown, and the growth of Elymus salsa was poor, with the lowest degree of soil improvement. This shows that the method of the present invention is used to process Elymus salsa seeds to prepare Elymus salsa seed particles for sowing, which can increase the germination rate of Elymus salsa seeds and promote the growth of Elymus salsa, thereby improving the physical and chemical properties of the soil in the coal mining area, so that the vegetation and ecology in the coal mining area can be restored faster.

[0109] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the purpose and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention. The techniques, shapes, and structural parts not described in detail in the present invention are all known technologies.

Claims

1. A method for ecological restoration of coal mining areas, characterized in that: The steps include: (1) Till the soil twice and apply mixed fertilizer; In the step (1), the mixed fertilizer is obtained by mixing cow dung and ammonium bicarbonate in a weight ratio of 100:(0.8-1.5); (2) sowing Elymus dahliae seed particles in the soil treated in step (1) at a sowing depth of 2-3 cm; The sowing amount of the Elymus dahliae seed particles is 20-30 kg / mu; (3) After the alkali grass grows out, water and fertilizer should be applied regularly for maintenance; The Elymus dahliae seed particles include the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1-2 parts of Elymus dahliae seeds, 3-4 parts of nutrient solution, 5-8 parts of peat, 0.5-1 parts of humic acid, 3-5 parts of carbonized rice husks, 3-5 parts of acrylamide, 0.01-0.02 parts of ammonium persulfate, 0.01-0.02 parts of diethylenetriamine, 0.2-0.4 parts of methyl benzyl alcohol, 0.2-0.5 parts of dipropylene glycol methyl ether, 0.1-0.2 parts of acetic anhydride, and 0.1-0.2 parts of 2-mercaptoisobutyric acid.

2. The repair method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The Elymus dahliae seed particles include the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1.5 parts of Elymus dahliae seeds, 3.5 parts of nutrient solution, 6 parts of peat, 0.7 parts of humic acid, 4 parts of carbonized rice husks, 4 parts of acrylamide, 0.015 parts of ammonium persulfate, 0.015 parts of diethylenetriamine, 0.3 parts of methyl benzyl alcohol, 0.4 parts of dipropylene glycol methyl ether, 0.15 parts of acetic anhydride, and 0.15 parts of 2-mercaptoisobutyric acid.

3. A method for preparing Elymus dahliae seed particles, characterized in that: The steps include: S1: mixing acrylamide solution, ammonium persulfate, diethylenetriamine and methyl benzyl alcohol and heating them to react to obtain a gel mixture; S2: adding dipropylene glycol methyl ether to water and stirring to mix evenly, adjusting the pH to 9-10, and then mixing and stirring evenly with the gel mixture, after standing for 5-8 hours, putting into a homogenizer, adding acetic anhydride and 2-mercaptoisobutyric acid to homogenize to obtain a seed embedding agent; S3: Soak the soaked Elymus dahliae seeds in a nutrient solution for 6-10 hours, add a seed embedding agent, stir and mix evenly, and let stand, then add peat, humic acid, and carbonized rice husk, stir evenly, granulate, and dry to obtain Elymus dahliae seed particles.

4. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The heating reaction temperature of step S1 is 70-80°C.

5. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The nutrient solution at least comprises the following components: potassium dihydrogen phosphate, gibberellin, and calcium chloride; Furthermore, the concentration of potassium dihydrogen phosphate is 1 to 5 g / L; Furthermore, the concentration of the gibberellin is 0.1 to 0.5 g / L; Furthermore, the concentration of calcium chloride is 1-5 g / L.

6. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The homogenization conditions in step S2 are: temperature of 50-60° C., rotation speed of 50-100 r / min, and time of 30-60 min.

7. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The particle size of the Elymus dahliae seeds is 1.5-2 cm.

8. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The water content of the Elymus dahliae seed particles is 20wt% to 35wt%.

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